bibliography and reference

8/14/2019 Bibliography and Reference

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BIBLIOGRAPHYnd Reference


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:efinitions of Bibliography.1 A list of the works of a specific

.author or publisher

. .2 a A list of writings relating to a:given subject a bibliography of Latin.American history

.b A list of writings used or consideredby an author in preparing a particular.work


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. .3 a The description and identification of, , ,the editions dates of issue authorshipand typography of books or other written

.material

. .b A compilation of such information


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:ccording to

,Broadly the systematic study and.description of books


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Bibliography

word can refer to

Thelisting of books according to some system( , ,called descriptive or enumerative)bibliography

(The study of books as tangible objects called, , ),critical or analytical bibliography or to.the product of those activities


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Purpose of bibliography

To organize information about materials on agiven subject so that students of thesubject may have access to it


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:Types of Bibliography

1 .Descriptive bibliography

.2 Critical bibliography


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iterary Dictionary, :Bibliography the description of books

( )i a systematic list of writings by a;given author or on a given subject

( ) ,ii the study of books as material objects

,involving technical analysis of paper, , ,printing methods bindings pagenumbering.and publishing history A compiler of

bibliographies or a student of bibliographyis a b i b l i o g r a p h e r .


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odern Design Dictionary

The bibliography is organized around:the following headings

General Introductory Texts


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Design Atlas

American DesignAsian and Far Eastern DesignAustralasian Design

Austrian DesignBritish Design


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Central and Eastern European Design

French Design

German Design

Irish Design

Italian Design

Netherlands and Belgian Design

Scandinavian Design


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Spanish Design

Major Design Movements

Aesthetic MovementArt NouveauArts and CraftsModernismPostmodernism


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Other Design Topics

Corporate and Retail DesignCritical VoicesThe Design ProfessionGender and DesignGreen Design


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Bibliography

.The listing of books is of ancient origin

Lists of clay tablets have been;found at Nineveh and elsewhere


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rammar DictionaryA list of the written sources of information

.on a subject

Bibliographies generally appear as a list.at the end of a book or article

They may show what works the author used,in writing the article or book or they may

.list works that a reader might find useful


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eterinary Dictionary .Pertaining to the literature of a subj

. b tools the ways in which a bibliography

.can be approached or managed

,These include current literature scans, ,article indexes compilations of abstracts

,lists of current contents abstracting, , ,journals lists of titles subject reviews, ,bibliographies lists of headings lists of

,headwords and synonyms computerized.databases and thesauruses


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ord Tutor

;A list of the works of an author a

list of works pertaining to one.subject


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Wikipedia

Bibliography (from Greek, bibliographia,

" "), ,literally book writing as a practice isthe academic study of books ,as physical

; ,cultural objects in this sense it is alsoknown as bibliology ( - ,from Greek

-logia).
http://www.answers.com/topic/ancient-greek-2http://www.answers.com/topic/ancient-greek-2http://www.answers.com/topic/bargain-1http://www.answers.com/topic/bargain-1http://www.answers.com/topic/logy-suffixhttp://www.answers.com/topic/logy-suffixhttp://www.answers.com/topic/logy-suffixhttp://www.answers.com/topic/bargain-1http://www.answers.com/topic/ancient-greek-2


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,On the whole bibliography is not concernedwith the literary ,content of books but

" " .rather the bookness of booksbibliographyjournalarticles.

"works cited"

bibliographic databases

library catalog

tertiary sources
http://www.answers.com/topic/literaturehttp://www.answers.com/topic/literaturehttp://www.answers.com/topic/academic-journalhttp://www.answers.com/topic/article-publishinghttp://www.answers.com/topic/article-publishinghttp://www.answers.com/topic/citationhttp://www.answers.com/topic/bibliographic-databasehttp://www.answers.com/topic/library-cataloghttp://www.answers.com/topic/library-cataloghttp://www.answers.com/topic/tertiary-sourcehttp://www.answers.com/topic/tertiary-sourcehttp://www.answers.com/topic/tertiary-sourcehttp://www.answers.com/topic/library-cataloghttp://www.answers.com/topic/bibliographic-databasehttp://www.answers.com/topic/citationhttp://www.answers.com/topic/article-publishinghttp://www.answers.com/topic/academic-journalhttp://www.answers.com/topic/literature


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Enumerative (bibliography also called, )compilative reference or systematic

nalytical , ,or critical bibliography


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Etymology

numerative bibliography

nalytical bibliography


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Translations

( )Dansk Danish. - , ,n bibliografi kildelistelitteraturliste

( )Nederlands Dutch

,bibliografie literatuurlijst

( )Franais French. -n bibliographie

( )Deutsch German. - , ,n Bibliographie Bcherkunde

Literaturverzeichnis

( )Greek


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( )Greek. -n ,

( )Italiano Italianbibliografia

( )Portugus Portuguese. - ( )n bibliografia f

( )Russian

( )Espaol Spanish. -n bibliografa

( )Svenska Swedish


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( )Svenska Swedish. - ,n litteraturfrteckning bibliografi

( ( ))Chinese Simplified

, ,

( ( ))Chinese Traditional. -n , ,

( )Korean. -n ,

( )Japanese

. -n , , ( )Arabic

) , (

( )Hebrew


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efinition :f Reference

areferringorbeingreferred;esp.,submissionofaproblem,dispute,etc.to aperson,committee,orauthorityfor

settlement

1.relation;connection;regardinreferencetohisletter

2.1.thedirectingofattentiontoapersonor thing

3.amentionorallusion


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3.the mark or sign, as a number, letter, or symbol,directing the reader to a footnote, etc.in full reference mark

3.1.the giving of the name of another person whocan offer information or recommendation3.the person so indicated

5.a written statement of character, qualification, orability, as of someone seeking a position;testimonial4.

3.2.an indication, as in a book or article, of someother work or passage to be consulted4.the work or passage so indicated
http://www.yourdictionary.com/reference-markhttp://www.yourdictionary.com/reference-mark


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1.awrittenstatementofcharacter,qualification,orability,asofsomeoneseekingaposition;testimonial

6.1.useorconsultationtogetinformation,asanaidinresearch,etc.:oftenattributivereferencebooks

2.abook,etc.usedforreference


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eference Idioms

make reference to

;to refer to mention


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(arvard Referencing System also known as)arenthetical Referencing,Parenthetical referencing is a citationstyle in

-which in text citations must be enclosed withinparentheses ,and embedded in the paragraph as

.opposed to the footnote style

,The parenthetical citation may be a full citation.or a partial citation

,Fully cited parenthetical reference

,Partial citation parenthetical reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brackethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brackethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brackethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citation


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ain sub styles of parentheticalreferencing Within the parenthetical referencing style there, ,are mainly two sub styles that diverge in the

-way they present their in text citations and end.sections

." - " ( " ", "1 author date also called Harvard style Harvard

", " " -referencing or the Harvard system in British based,educational institutions but having no relation to),Harvard University which is primarily used in the

sciencesand social sciences, and recommended by suchprofessional organizations as the

American Chemical Societyand theAmerican Psychological Association ( );APA and

." - " " - ",2 author title or author page which is primarilyused in the artsand the humanitiesand

recommended by such professional organizations asthe Modern Language Association ( ).MLA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chemical_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chemical_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chemical_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psychological_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psychological_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Language_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Language_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Language_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_artshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psychological_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chemical_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences


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-uthor date- ( )rigin of author date Harvard style

( )arvard AGPS Style

(arvard style BSI)

ow works are cited
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSI_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSI_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSI_Group


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Examples

qExamples of book references are:

vSmith, J. (2005a). Dutch Citing Practices. The Hague:Holland Research Foundation.

vSmith, J. (2005b). Harvard Referencing. London: JollyGood Publishing.

q :Example of a journal reference

v ,Smith John ( ). "Maynard 1998 The origin of,"altruism Nature393 : .639 40


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(Example of an article with an author identified in)his byline from the online version of an:encyclopedia

, ([ ] ).Rosenthal Max 1901 1906 2002(Agricultural colonies in the Argentine Republic Argentin

. The Jewish Encyclopedia, .1901 1906.JewishEncyclopedia com, .2002 Web.Retrieved on March

, .11 2009

q :Example of a newspaper reference

v , ( , ).Bowcott Owen October 18 2005" "Protests halt online auction to shoot stag
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=905&letter=A&search=argentina%201888http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=905&letter=A&search=argentina%201888http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,1594716,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,1594716,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,1594716,00.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopediahttp://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=905&letter=A&search=argentina%201888


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ontent notes

Content notes may be given as footnotesor endnotes.or even a combination of both footnotes and endnotes

A content note generally contains useful informationand explanations that do not fit into the primary.text itself

Such content notes may themselves contain a style of,parenthetical referencing just as the main text

.does
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footnotehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footnotehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endnotehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endnotehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endnotehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footnote


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-os and cons of the author date methodPros

.1 Reader familiar

.3 No renumbering hassle

.4 Works well in combination withsubstantive notes

.2 same reference is cited more than once


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Cons

. -1 Space consuming and distracting

2.It also requires more space in the main text body

.3 Rules can be complicated or unclear for-non academic references

. ( )4 The editor s must also check the Referencesections to remove a portion of text which

has citations in it


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.5 unfamiliar and distracting to a general,readership who are unfamiliar with journal

articles

.6 The two major parentheticalreferencing systems

v - ,Author date referencing system originating in, -science is less well designed for arts and

, /humanities in which titles authors are more.important than dates in the citations

v ,In empirical or scientific disciplines dates areimportant to give an idea of the timeliness of aparticular study or experiment


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. -7 The use of author date systems can be confusing

when used in monographs about particularly prolificauthors

.8 Works by important authors might be reprinted invarious volumes


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-uthor title- - ,The author title or author page method also referred

to as MLA style

Includes

The author's name

Page number where appropriate

-The in text citation is placed in parentheses afterthe sentence or part thereof that the citation

supports
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_MLA_Style_Manualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_MLA_Style_Manualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_MLA_Style_Manual


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ifference Between Bibliography andReferencesBibliography References

1. listing all the materials 1. have been referenced

2. have referred 2. directly included

3. not cited directly 3. cited directly


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4.does not have such roles 4.Support statement orargument

5. personal way 5. authoritative way

6. Contains referred 6. Contains actually used

7. comes after 7.Comes first

8. arranged alphabeticallyonly

8. arranged alphabeticallyand numerically

9. author 9 .book/site


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THANK YOU

.K DIVYA- ,IB 1 14

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