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BUNREACHT NA hIREANN

CONSTITUTION OF IRELAND

Lnasa 2012

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BUNREACHT NA hIREANNCONSTITUTION OF IRELAND

Dachtaigh an Pobal an 1 Iil, 1937Enacted by the People 1st July, 1937

I ngnomh n 29 Nollaig, 1937In operation as from 29th December, 1937

An tacs seo den Bhunreacht is cip den tacs a cuireadh isteachina iris an 27 Bealtaine,1999, de dhroim Airteagal 25.5.2 achamhin maidir leis na nithe seo a leanas :

t na Forlacha Sealadacha (Airteagail 51-63) fgtha ar lr mara cheanglatear le tarma na nAirteagal sin; athraodh an tacsGaeilge chun go mbeadh s de rir na Nua-Ghaeilgecaighdena; t an fichi leas, a achtaodh tar is don tacs abheith curtha isteach ina iris, curtha san ireamh; t nahAirteagail 2 agus 3 nua agus an t-alt 8 nua in Airteagal 29curtha isteach de bhun fhorlacha an Achta um an Nao LeasDag ar an mBunreacht, 1998; t an t-aon leas is fiche, antr leas is fiche, an s leas is fiche, an seacht leas isfiche, an t-ocht leas is fiche, an nao leas is fiche agus antrochad leas, a achtaodh tar is don tacs a bheith curthaisteach ina iris, curtha san ireamh anois. Dantar na leasuithea rinneadh achtaodh an Bunreacht i 1937 suas go dt trthclite an eagrin seo (Lnasa 2012) a liost thos.

This text of the Constitution is a copy of the text enrolled on 27May, 1999 pursuant to Article 25.5.2 except that :

the Transitory Provisions (Articles 51-63) are omitted asrequired by their terms; the Irish text has been altered so as tomake it conform to modern standardized Irish; the twentiethamendment, enacted subsequent to enrolment, is incorporated;the new Articles 2 and 3 and the new section 8 in Article 29 areinserted pursuant to the provisions of the NineteenthAmendment of the Constitution Act, 1998; the twenty-first,twenty-third, twenty-sixth, twenty-seventh, twenty-eighth,twenty-ninth and thirtieth amendments enacted subsequent toenrolment have now been incorporated. Amendments effectedsince the Constitution was enacted in 1937 up to the time ofprinting of this edition (August 2012) are listed below.

iii

AMENDING ACTS

SHORT TITLE

First Amendment of the Constitution Act,1939 [Extended to conflicts in whichthe State is not a participant theprovision for a state of emergency tosecure the public safety andpreservation of the State in time of waror armed rebellion.]

Second Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1941 [An omnibus proposal,covering a range of disparate Articles,aimed at tidying up the Constitution inthe light of experience since itsenactment.]

Third Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1972 [Allowed the State tobecome a member of the EuropeanCommunities.]

Fourth Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1972 [Reduced the minimumvoting age at Dil and Presidentialelections and referendums from 21years to 18 years.]

Fifth Amendment of the Constitution Act,1972 [Removed from the Constitutionthe special position of the CatholicChurch and the recognition of othernamed religious denominations.]

Sixth Amendment of the Constitution(Adoption) Act, 1979 [Ensured thatadoption orders made by the AdoptionBoard could not be declared invalidbecause they were not made by acourt.]

iv

DATE OF SIGNATURE

2 September, 1939

30 May, 1941

8 June, 1972

5 January, 1973

5 January, 1973

3 August, 1979

NA HACHTANNA LEASCHIN

GEARRTHEIDEAL

An tAcht um an gCad Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1939 [Rinneadh an socrmaidir le staid phrinne chun slndilan phobail a chur in irithe agus chunan Stt a chaomhn in aimsir chogaidhn ceannairce faoi arm a leathn chuigcoinbhleachta nach mbeidh an Sttpirteach iontu.]

An tAcht um an Dara Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1941 [Olltogra inarcuimsodh rimse Airteagal agsilagus arbh ba chuspir leis slacht achur ar an mBunreacht i bhfianaise nataith achtaodh .]

An tAcht um an Tr Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1972 [Ceadaodh donStt a bheith ina chomhalta de naComhphobail Eorpacha.]

An tAcht um an gCeathr Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1972 [Laghdaodh anaois osta vtla i dtoghchin Dlaagus Uachtarin agus i reifrinn 21 bhliain go 18 mbliana.]

An tAcht um an gCigi Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1972 [Baineadh denBhunreacht ionad speisialta nahEaglaise Caitlic agus an t-aitheantasdaicm ainmnithe eile creidimh.]

An tAcht um an S Leas ar anmBunreacht (Uchtil), 1979 [irithodhnach bhfadfa a dhearbh gurorduithe neamhbhail iad orduitheuchtla arna ndanamh ag an mBordUchtla ar an bhar nach cirt a rinneiad.]

v

DTA SNITHE

2 Men Fmhair, 1939

30 Bealtaine, 1941

8 Meitheamh, 1972

5 Eanir, 1973

5 Eanir, 1973

3 Lnasa, 1979

Seventh Amendment of the Constitution(Election of Members of Seanad ire-ann by Institutions of HigherEducation) Act, 1979 [Allowed theState to extend the provisions for theelection of members of Seanad ireannby certain universities to other institu-tions of higher education in the State.]

Eighth Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1983 [Acknowledged the right tolife of the unborn, with due regard tothe equal right to life of the mother.]

Ninth Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1984 [Extended the right to voteat Dil elections to certain non-Irishnationals.]

Tenth Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1987 [Allowed the State to ratifythe Single European Act.]

Eleventh Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1992 [Allowed the State to ratifythe Treaty on European Union(Maastricht) and to become a memberof that union.]

There is no Twelfth Amendment. On 25 November 1992, three pro-posals were put to the people, theTwelfth, Thirteenth and FourteenthAmendments. The people rejected theTwelfth (which dealt with the right tolife of the unborn) and approved theThirteenth and Fourteenth (below).

vi

3 August, 1979

7 October, 1983

2 August, 1984

22 June, 1987

16 July, 1992

An tAcht um an Seacht Leas ar anmBunreacht (Forais rdoideachais doThoghadh Comhalta de Sheanadireann), 1979 [Ceadaodh don Stt ansocr maidir le toghadh comhalta deSheanad ireann ag ollscoileannaagus ag forais eile ardoideachais saStt a leathn.]

An tAcht um an Ocht Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1983 [Admhaodh ceartna mbeo gan breith chun a mbeatha,ag fachaint go cu do chomhcheart namthar chun a beatha.]

An tAcht um an Nao Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1984 [Leathnaodh anceart vtla i dtoghchin Dla chuignisinaigh irithe neamh-ireannacha.]

An tAcht um an Deichi Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1987 [Ceadaodh donStt an Ionstraim Eorpach Aonair adhaingni.]

An tAcht um an Aon Leas Dag ar anmBunreacht, 1992 [Ceadaodh donStt an Conradh ar an Aontas Eorpach(Maastricht) a dhaingni agus a bheithina chomhalta den aontas sin.]

Nl aon D Leas Dag ann. Ar an 25 Samhain, 1992, cuireadh tr thografaoi bhrid an phobail, an D LeasDag, an Tr Leas Dag agus anCeathr Leas Dag. Dhiltaigh anpobal don D Leas Dag (a bhain leceart na mbeo gan breith chun ambeatha) agus thoiligh siad leis anTr Leas Dag agus leis an gCeathrLeas Dag (thos).

vii

3 Lnasa, 1979

7 Deireadh Fmhair,1983

2 Lnasa, 1984

22 Meitheamh, 1987

16 Iil, 1992

Thirteenth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1992 [Provided that Article40.3.3 (the right to life of the unborn)would not limit freedom to travelbetween Ireland and another state.]

Fourteenth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1992 [Provided that Article40.3.3 (the right to life of the unborn)would not limit freedom to obtain ormake available information relating toservices lawfully available in anotherstate.]

Fifteenth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1995 [Provided for the dis-solution of marriage in certain speci-fied circumstances.]

Sixteenth Amendment of the ConstitutionAct, 1996 [Provided for the refusal ofbail by a court to a person chargedwith a serious offence where it is rea-sonably considered necessary to pre-vent the commission of a seriousoffence by that person.]

Seventeenth Amendment of theConstitution Act, 1997 [Provided thatthe confidentiality of discussions atmeetings of the Government would berespected save only where the HighCourt, in certain specified circum-stances, determined that disclosureshould be made.]

Eighteenth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1998 [Allowed the State toratify the Treaty of Amsterdam.]

viii

23 December, 1992

23 December, 1992

17 June, 1996

12 December, 1996

14 November, 1997

3 June, 1998

An tAcht um an Tr Leas Dag ar anmBunreacht, 1992 [Rinneadh socrnach dteoranndh Airteagal 40.3.3(ceart na mbeo gan breith chun ambeatha) saoirse chun taisteal idirire agus stt eile.]

An tAcht um an gCeathr Leas Dag aran mBunreacht, 1992 [Rinneadh socrnach dteoranndh Airteagal 40.3.3(ceart na mbeo gan breith chun ambeatha) saoirse chun faisnis a fhiln a chur ar fil maidir le seirbhs atar fil go dleathach i stt eile.]

An tAcht um an gCigi Leas Dag aran mBunreacht, 1995 [Rinneadh socrmaidir le psadh a scaoileadh inimthosca sonraithe irithe.]

An tAcht um an S Leas Dag ar an mBunreacht, 1996 [Rinneadh socrchun go bhfadfadh cirt banna adhilt do dhuine at cisithe i gciontroma sa chs go measfar le rasn a bheith riachtanach chun an duine sina chosc ar chion troma a dhanamh.]

An tAcht um an Seacht Leas Dag aran mBunreacht, 1997 [Rinneadh socrgo ndanfa rndacht na bplit agcruinnithe den Rialtas a urram achamhin i gcs ina gcinnfeadh an Ard-Chirt, in imthosca sonraithe irithe,gur ceart nochtadh a dhanamh.]

An tAcht um an Ocht Leas Dag ar anmBunreacht, 1998 [Ceadaodh donStt Conradh Amstardam adhaingni.]

ix

23 Nollaig, 1992

23 Nollaig, 1992

17 Meitheamh, 1996

12 Nollaig, 1996

14 Samhain, 1997

3 Meitheamh, 1998

Nineteenth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1998 [Allowed the State toconsent to be bound by the British-Irish Agreement done at Belfast on 10April 1998 and provided that certainfurther amendments to theConstitution, notably to Articles 2 and3, would come into effect when thatagreement entered into force.]

Twentieth Amendment of the Consti-tution Act, 1999 [Provided constitu-tional recognition of the role of localgovernment and that local electionsare held at least every five years.]

Twenty-first Amendment of theConstitution Act, 2001 [Prohibited thedeath penalty and provided for theremoval of references to the deathpenalty.]

There is no Twenty-second Amend-ment. The Twenty-second Amend-ment of the Constitution Bill, 2001[relating to the removal of a judge fromoffice and providing for a body to beestablished by law to investigate orcause to be investigated conduct con-stituting misbehaviour by a judge oraffected by incapacity of a judge] wasnot passed by the Houses of theOireachtas.

Twenty-third Amendment of theConstitution Act, 2001 [Allowed theState to ratify the Rome Statute of theInternational Criminal Court.]

x

3 June, 1998

23 June, 1999

27 March, 2002

27 March, 2002

An tAcht um an Nao Leas Dag ar anmBunreacht, 1998 [Ceadaodh donStt a thoili a bheith faoi cheangal agComhaont na Breataine-na hireann,arna dhanamh i mBal Feirste an 10Aibren, 1998, agus rinneadh socr gombeadh ifeacht ag leasuithe breise aran mBunreacht, go hirithe arAirteagail 2 agus 3, nuair a bheadhfeidhm ag an gcomhaont sin.]

An tAcht um an bhFichi Leas ar anmBunreacht, 1999 [Rinneadh socrmaidir le haitheantas bunreachta donrl at ag rialtas itiil agus gondanfar toghchin itila gach cigbliana ar a laghad.]

An tAcht um an Aon Leas is Fiche aran mBunreacht, 2001 [Toirmeasc arphions an bhis agus tagairt abhaineann le pions an bhis ascriosadh.]

Nl aon D Leas is Fiche ar anmBunreacht ann. Nor rith Tithe anOireachtais an Bille um an D Leasis Fiche ar an mBunreacht, 2001 [abhain le breitheamh a chur as oifigagus ina raibh socr maidir lecomhlacht a bhun le dl chunimscrd a dhanamh, n chun a churfaoi deara imscrd a dhanamh, ariompar is m-iompar ag breitheamh nar iompar d ndanann agumas arthaobh breithimh difear d].

An tAcht um an Tr Leas is Fiche ar anmBunreacht, 2001 [Ceadaodh donStt Reacht na Rimhe den ChirtChoiriil Idirnisinta a dhaingni.]

xi

3 Meitheamh, 1998

23 Meitheamh, 1999

27 Mrta, 2002

27 Mrta, 2002

There is no Twenty-fourth Amend-ment. On 7 June, 2001, three propos-als were put to the people, the Twenty-first, Twenty-third and Twenty-fourthAmendments. The people rejected theTwenty-fourth [which dealt with theTreaty of Nice] and approved theTwenty-first and Twenty-third (above).

There is no Twenty-fifth Amendment. On6 March, 2002, a proposal for theTwenty-fifth Amendment to theConstitution was put to the people andwas rejected [Protection of HumanLife in Pregnancy.]

Twenty-sixth Amendment of theConstitution Act, 2002 [Allowed theState to ratify the Treaty of Nice.]

Twenty-seventh Amendment of theConstitution Act 2004 [Irishcitizenship of children of non-nationalparents]

Twenty-Eighth Amendment of theConstitution (Treaty of Lisbon) Act2009 [Allowed the State to ratify theTreaty of Lisbon]

Twenty-Ninth Amendment of theConstitution (Judges Remuneration)Act 2011 [Amended section 5 ofArticle 35 of the Constitution]

Thirtieth Amendment of the Constitution(Treaty on Stability, Co-ordinationand Governance in the Economic andMonetary Union) Act 2012 [Allowedthe State to ratify the Treaty onStability, Co-ordination andGovernance in the Economic andMonetary Union]

xii

7 November, 2002

24 June, 2004

15 October, 2009

17 November, 2011

27 June 2012

Nl aon Cheathr Leas is Fiche ar anmBunreacht ann. Ar an 7 Meitheamh,2001, cuireadh tr thogra faoi bhridan phobail, is sin le r, an tAonLeas is Fiche, an Tr Leas is Ficheagus an Ceathr Leas is Fiche.Dhiltaigh an pobal don CeathrLeas is Fiche [a dhileil le ConradhNice] agus thoiligh an pobal leis anAon Leas is Fiche agus leis an TrLeas is Fiche (thuas).

Nl aon Chigi Leas is Fiche ann. Aran 6 Mrta, 2002, cuireadhtogra maidir leis an gCigi Leas isFiche ar an mBunreacht faoi bhrid anphobail agus diltaodh d [BeathaDhaonna le linn Toirchis a Chosaint.]

An tAcht um an S Leas is Fiche ar anmBunreacht, 2002. [Ceadaodh donStt Conradh Nice a dhaingni.]

An tAcht um an Seacht Leas is Fiche aran mBunreacht, 2004. [Saornachtleana a bhfuil tuismitheoiri acu nachnisinaigh iad].

An tAcht um an Ocht Leas is Fiche aran mBunreacht (Conradh Liospin)2009 [Lenar ceadaodh don SttConradh Liospin a dhaingni].

An tAcht um an Nao Leas is Fiche aran mBunreacht (Luach SaothairBreithina), 2011 [alt 5 dAirteagal 35den Bhunreacht]

An tAcht um an Trochad Leas ar anmBunreacht (An Conradh arChobhsaocht, ar Chomhord agus arRialachas san Aontas Eacnamaochagus Airgeadaochta), 2012 [Lenarceadaodh don Stt Conradh arChobhsaocht, ar Chomhord agus arRialachas san Aontas Eacnamaochagus Airgeadaochta a dhaingni].

xiii

7 Samhain, 2002

24 Meitheamh, 2004

15 Deireadh Fmhair2009

17 Samhain 2011

27 Meitheamh 2012

CONTENTSArticles Page

PREAMBLE 2

1-3 THE NATION 4

4-11 THE STATE 6

12-14 THE PRESIDENT 14

15-27 THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENT 36

15 CONSTITUTION AND POWERS 36

16-17 DIL IREANN 46

18-19 SEANAD IREANN 54

20-27 LEGISLATION 62

28 THE GOVERNMENT 94

28A LOCAL GOVERNMENT 106

29 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 108

30 THE ATTORNEY GENERAL 120

31-32 THE COUNCIL OF STATE 124

33 THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL 130

34-37 THE COURTS 132

38-39 TRIAL OF OFFENCES 146

40-44 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 150

40 PERSONAL RIGHTS 150

41 THE FAMILY 160

42 EDUCATION 166

43 PRIVATE PROPERTY 168

44 RELIGION 170

45 DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL POLICY 172

46 AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION 178

47 THE REFERENDUM 180

48-50 REPEAL OF CONSTITUTION OF SAORSTTIREANN AND CONTINUANCE OF LAWS 182

INDEX 213

xiv

CLRAirteagail Leathanach

BROLLACH 3

1-3 AN NISIN 5

4-11 AN STT 7

12-14 AN tUACHTARN 15

15-27 AN PHARLAIMINT NISINTA 37

15 COMHDHANAMH AGUS CUMHACHTA 37

16-17 DIL IREANN 47

18-19 SEANAD IREANN 55

20-27 REACHTAOCHT 63

28 AN RIALTAS 95

28A RIALTAS ITIIL 107

29 CAIDREAMH IDIRNISINTA 109

30 AN tARD-AIGHNE 121

31-32 AN CHOMHAIRLE STIT 125

33 AN tARD-REACHTAIRE CUNTAS AGUS CISTE 131

34-37 NA CIRTEANNA 133

38-39 TRIAIL I GCIONTA 147

40-44 BUNCHEARTA 151

40 CEARTA PEARSANTA 151

41 AN TEAGHLACH 161

42 OIDEACHAS 167

43 MAOIN PHROBHIDEACH 169

44 CREIDEAMH 171

45 BUNTREORACHA DO BHEARTAS CHOMHDHAONNACH 173

46 AN BUNREACHT A LEAS 179

47 AN REIFREANN 181

48-50 BUNREACHT SHAORSTT IREANN AAISGHAIRM AGUS DLTHE A BHUAN 183

TREOIR 188

xv


CONSTITUTION OF IRELAND


In the Name of the Most Holy Trinity, from Whomis all authority and to Whom, as our final end, allactions both of men and States must be referred,

We, the people of ire,Humbly acknowledging all our obligations to our

Divine Lord, Jesus Christ, Who sustained our fathersthrough centuries of trial,

Gratefully remembering their heroic andunremitting struggle to regain the rightfulindependence of our Nation,

And seeking to promote the common good, withdue observance of Prudence, Justice and Charity, sothat the dignity and freedom of the individual may beassured, true social order attained, the unity of ourcountry restored, and concord established with othernations,

Do hereby adopt, enact, and give to ourselves thisConstitution.


In Ainm na Tronide R-Naofa is tobar don uiledars agus gur chuici, s is croch dheireanachdinn, is drithe n amhin gnomhartha daoine achgnomhartha Stt,

Ar mbeith dinne, muintir na hireann, ag admhilgo huirseal a mhid atimid faoi chomaoin ag osaCrost, r dTiarna Dia, a thug comhfhurtacht dr sinsiri ngach cruatan ina rabhadar ar feadh na gcadtabliain,

Agus ar mbeith dinn ag cuimhneamh go buoch ara chalmacht a rinneadarsan troid gan staonadh chunan neamhsplechas is dual dr Nisin a bhaint amach,

Agus ar mbeith dinn chur romhainn an mhaitheasphoibl a chur ar aghaidh maille le Cronnacht agus lehIonracas agus le Carthanacht de rir mar is cu, ionasgo dtiocfaidh linn a uaisleacht agus a shaoirse a churin irithe do gach aon duine, saol ceart comhdhaonnach a bhun, aiseag a haontachta a thabhairt dr dtr, aguscomhcharadra a dhanamh le nisiin eile,

Atimid leis seo ag gabhil an Bhunreachta seochugainn, agus acht agus tholacadh dinn fin.

THE NATION

4

THE NATION

ARTICLE 1

The Irish nation hereby affirms its inalienable,indefeasible, and sovereign right to choose its ownform of Government, to determine its relations withother nations, and to develop its life, political,economic and cultural, in accordance with its owngenius and traditions.

ARTICLE 2

It is the entitlement and birthright of every personborn in the island of Ireland, which includes itsislands and seas, to be part of the Irish Nation. That isalso the entitlement of all persons otherwise qualifiedin accordance with law to be citizens of Ireland.Furthermore, the Irish nation cherishes its specialaffinity with people of Irish ancestry living abroadwho share its cultural identity and heritage.

ARTICLE 3

1 It is the firm will of the Irish Nation, in harmonyand friendship, to unite all the people who sharethe territory of the island of Ireland, in all thediversity of their identities and traditions, recognis-

AN NISIN

5

AN NISIN

AIRTEAGAL 1

Deimhnonn nisin na hireann leis seo a gceartdoshannta, dochlote, ceannasach chun cib cinelRialtais is rogha leo fin a bhun, chun a gcaidreamhle nisiin eile a chinneadh, agus chun a saolpolaitochta is geilleagair is saochta a chur ar aghaidhde rir dhchais is gns a sinsear.

AIRTEAGAL 2

T gach duine a shaolatear in oilen na hireann, ara n-irtear a oilein agus a fharraig, i dteideal, agust de cheart oidhreachta aige n aici, a bheithpirteach i nisin na hireann. T an teideal sinfreisin ag na daoine go lir at cilithe ar shl eile derir dl chun bheith ina saornaigh dirinn. Inatheannta sin, is mr ag nisin na hireann achoibhneas speisialta le daoine de bhunadh nahireann at ina gcna ar an gcoigroch agus arbionann finilacht agus oidhreacht chultir dibhagus do nisin na hireann.

AIRTEAGAL 3

1 Is toil dhiongbhilte nisin na hireann, gostheach cairdiil, na daoine go lir achomhroinneann croch oilen na hireann i bpirtlena chile, in agslacht uile a bhfinilachta agus

THE STATE

6

ARTICLE 3 (continued)

ing that a united Ireland shall be brought about onlyby peaceful means with the consent of a majorityof the people, democratically expressed, in bothjurisdictions in the island. Until then, the lawsenacted by the Parliament established by thisConstitution shall have the like area and extent ofapplication as the laws enacted by the Parliamentthat existed immediately before the coming intooperation of this Constitution.

2 Institutions with executive powers and functionsthat are shared between those jurisdictions maybe established by their respective responsibleauthorities for stated purposes and may exercisepowers and functions in respect of all or any partof the island.

THE STATE

ARTICLE 4

The name of the State is ire, or, in the Englishlanguage, Ireland.

ARTICLE 5

Ireland is a sovereign, independent, democratic state.

AN STT

7

AIRTEAGAL 3 (ar leanint)

a dtraidisin, a aont, aithint gur tr mhodhannasochnta amhin le toili thromlach na ndaoine, chur in il go daonlathach, sa d dhlnse san oilen,a dhanfar ire aontaithe a thabhairt i gcrch. Godt sin, bainfidh na dlthe a achtfar ag anbParlaimint a bhunatear leis an mBunreacht seoleis an limistar feidhme canna, agus beidh anraon feidhme canna acu, lenar bhain na dlthe,agus a bh ag na dlthe, a dachtaigh anPharlaimint a bh ar marthain dreach roimhtheacht i ngnomh don Bhunreacht seo.

2 Fadfaidh daris fhreagracha faoi seach na ndlnssin institiid ag a mbeidh cumhachta agusfeidhmeanna feidhmichin a chomhroinntearidir na dlns sin a bhun chun croch sonraitheagus fadfaidh na hinstitiid sin cumhachta agusfeidhmeanna a fheidhmi i leith an oilein ar fadn i leith aon chuid de.

AN STT

AIRTEAGAL 4

ire is ainm don Stt n, sa Sacs-Bharla, Ireland.

AIRTEAGAL 5

Is Stt ceannasach, neamhsplech, daonlathach ire.

THE STATE

8

ARTICLE 6

1 All powers of government, legislative, executiveand judicial, derive, under God, from the people,whose right it is to designate the rulers of theState and, in final appeal, to decide all questionsof national policy, according to the requirementsof the common good.

2 These powers of government are exercisable onlyby or on the authority of the organs of Stateestablished by this Constitution.

ARTICLE 7

The national flag is the tricolour of green, white andorange.

ARTICLE 8

1 The Irish language as the national language is thefirst official language.

2 The English language is recognised as a secondofficial language.

3 Provision may, however, be made by law for theexclusive use of either of the said languages forany one or more official purposes, eitherthroughout the State or in any part thereof.

AN STT

9

AIRTEAGAL 6

1 Is n bpobal, faoi Dhia, a thagas gach cumhachtriala, idir reachtaocht is comhallacht is breithinas,agus is ag an bpobal at s de cheart rialtir anStit a cheapadh, agus is faoin bpobal faoi dheoidhat gach ceist i dtaobh beartas an Nisiin ashocr de rir mar is g chun leasa an phobail.

2 Is leis na horgain Stit a chuirtear ar bun leis anmBunreacht seo, agus leo sin amhin n lenan-dars, is fidir na cumhachta riala sin a oibri.

AIRTEAGAL 7

An bhratach tr dhath .i. uaine, bn, agus flannbhu, ansuaitheantas nisinta.

AIRTEAGAL 8

1 s an Ghaeilge an teanga nisinta is anphromhtheanga oifigiil .

2 Glactar leis an Sacs-Bharla mar theanga oifigiileile.

3 Ach fadfar socr a dhanamh le dl dfhonnceachtar den d theanga sin a bheith ina haonteangale haghaidh aon ghn n gntha oifigila ar fudan Stit ar fad n in aon chuid de.

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ARTICLE 9

1 1 On the coming into operation of thisConstitution any person who was a citizen ofSaorstt ireann immediately before the cominginto operation of this Constitution shall becomeand be a citizen of Ireland.

2 The future acquisition and loss of Irishnationality and citizenship shall be determined inaccordance with law.

3 No person may be excluded from Irishnationality and citizenship by reason of the sex ofsuch person.

2 1 Notwithstanding any other provision of thisConstitution, a person born in the island ofIreland, which includes its islands and seas, whodoes not have, at the time of the birth of thatperson, at least one parent who is an Irish citizenor entitled to be an Irish citizen is not entitled toIrish citizenship or nationality, unless providedfor by law.

2 This section shall not apply to persons bornbefore the date of the enactment of this section,

3 Fidelity to the nation and loyalty to the State arefundamental political duties of all citizens.

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AIRTEAGAL 9

1 1 Ar theacht i ngnomh don Bhunreacht seo issaornach dirinn aon duine ba shaornach deShaorstt ireann dreach roimh theacht ingnomh don Bhunreacht seo.

2 Is de rir dl a chinnfear fil agus cailleadhnisintacht agus saornacht ireann feasta.

3 N cead nisintacht agus saornacht ireann acheilt ar dhuine ar bith toisc gur fireann n toiscgur baineann an duine sin.

2 1 Dainneoin aon fhorla eile den Bhunreachtseo, maidir le duine a shaolatear in oilen nahireann, ar a n-irtear a oilein agus a fharraig,agus nach bhfuil aige n aici, an trth ashaolatear an duine sin, tuismitheoir amhin ar alaghad is saornach dirinn n at i dteideal abheith ina shaornach n ina saornach dirinn,nl teideal ag an duine sin chun saornacht nnisintacht ireann, mura ndanfar socr inachomhair sin le dl.

2 N bhainfidh an t-alt seo le daoine a saolaodhroimh dhta achtaithe an ailt seo.

3 Is bundualgas polaitiil ar gach saornach bheithdlis don nisin agus tairiseach don Stt.

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ARTICLE 10

1 All natural resources, including the air and allforms of potential energy, within the jurisdictionof the Parliament and Government established bythis Constitution and all royalties and franchiseswithin that jurisdiction belong to the State subjectto all estates and interests therein for the timebeing lawfully vested in any person or body.

2 All land and all mines, minerals and waters whichbelonged to Saorstt ireann immediately beforethe coming into operation of this Constitutionbelong to the State to the same extent as they thenbelonged to Saorstt ireann.

3 Provision may be made by law for themanagement of the property which belongs to theState by virtue of this Article and for the controlof the alienation, whether temporary orpermanent, of that property.

4 Provision may also be made by law for themanagement of land, mines, minerals and watersacquired by the State after the coming intooperation of this Constitution and for the controlof the alienation, whether temporary or permanent,of the land, mines, minerals and waters so acquired.

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AIRTEAGAL 10

1 Gach bhar maoine ndrtha, mar aon leis an aeragus gach bhar fuinnimh, d bhfuil faoi dhlnsena Parlaiminte agus an Rialtais a bhunatear leisan mBunreacht seo, maille le gach rchos agusdoline d bhfuil faoin dlnse sin, is leis an Sttiad uile, gan dochar do cib eastit agus leasannais le haon duine n le haon dream go dleathach inalt na huaire.

2 Gach talamh agus gach mianach, mianra, agusuisce ba le Saorstt ireann dreach roimh theachti ngnomh don Bhunreacht seo is leis an Stt iaduile sa mhid go mba le Saorstt ireann an uairsin iad.

3 Fadfar socr a dhanamh le dl chun bainist adhanamh ar an maoin is leis an Stt de bhua anAirteagail seo, agus chun sannadh buan nsannadh sealadach na maoine sin a rial.

4 Fadfar socr a dhanamh le dl, fairis sin, chunbainist a dhanamh ar thalamh, ar mhianaigh, armhianra agus ar uisc a thiocfas i seilbh an Stitdis teacht i ngnomh don Bhunreacht seo, aguschun sannadh buan n sannadh sealadach na taln,na mianach, na mianra agus na n-uisc a thiocfasina sheilbh amhlaidh a rial.

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ARTICLE 11

All revenues of the State from whatever source arisingshall, subject to such exception as may be provided bylaw, form one fund, and shall be appropriated for thepurposes and in the manner and subject to the chargesand liabilities determined and imposed by law.

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ARTICLE 12

1 There shall be a President of Ireland (Uachtarnna hireann), hereinafter called the President,who shall take precedence over all other personsin the State and who shall exercise and performthe powers and functions conferred on thePresident by this Constitution and by law.

2 1 The President shall be elected by direct vote ofthe people.

2 Every citizen who has the right to vote at anelection for members of Dil ireann shall havethe right to vote at an election for President.

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AIRTEAGAL 11

N folir cos uile an Stit cib bunadh at leis, achamhin an chuid sin de ar a ndantar eisceacht le dl,a chur in aon chiste amhin agus a leithghabhilchun na gcrocha agus ar an modh, a chinntear le dlagus faoi chuimsi na muirear agus na bhfichinas aghearrtar le dl.

AN tUACHTARN

AIRTEAGAL 12

1 Beidh Uachtarn ar irinn (.i. Uachtarn nahireann), ar a dtugtar an tUachtarn sa Bhunreachtseo feasta; beidh tosach aige ar gach uile dhuinesa Stt, agus n folir d na cumhachta agus nafeidhmeanna a bheirtear don Uachtarn leis anmBunreacht seo agus le dl a oibri agus achomhlonadh.

2 1 Le vta lomdreach an phobail a thoghfar antUachtarn.

2 Gach saornach ag a bhfuil ceart vtla idtoghchn do chomhalta de Dhil ireann, beidhceart vtla aige i dtoghchn don Uachtarn.

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3 The voting shall be by secret ballot and on thesystem of proportional representation by meansof the single transferable vote.

3 1 The President shall hold office for seven yearsfrom the date upon which he enters upon his office,unless before the expiration of that period he dies,or resigns, or is removed from office, or becomespermanently incapacitated, such incapacity beingestablished to the satisfaction of the Supreme Courtconsisting of not less than five judges.

2 A person who holds, or who has held, office asPresident, shall be eligible for re-election to thatoffice once, but only once.

3 An election for the office of President shall beheld not later than, and not earlier than the sixtiethday before, the date of the expiration of the termof office of every President, but in the event of theremoval from office of the President or of hisdeath, resignation, or permanent incapacityestablished as aforesaid (whether occurringbefore or after he enters upon his office), anelection for the office of President shall be heldwithin sixty days after such event.

4 1 Every citizen who has reached his thirty-fifthyear of age is eligible for election to the office ofPresident.

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3 Is le rnbhallid agus de rir na hionadaochtacionire agus ar mhodh an aonghutha inaistrithe adhanfar an vtil.

3 1 Beidh an tUachtarn i seilbh oifige go ceannseacht mbliana n l a rachaidh i gcram a oifigemura dtarla roimh dheireadh an tarma sin go n-agfaidh n go n-ireoidh as oifig n go gcuirfearas oifig , n go ngabhfaidh mthreoir bhuan agusgo sufear sin go ssamh na Cirte Uachtara agus comhdhanta de chigear breitheamh ar a laghad.

2 Duine at n a bh ina Uachtarn, is intofachun na hoifige sin aon uair amhin eile, ach sina mbeidh.

3 N folir toghchn doifig an Uachtarin adhanamh l nach dana n dta dheireadhtharma oifige gach Uachtarin ar leith agus nachluaithe n an seascad l roimh an dta sin, achm chuirtear an tUachtarn as oifig, n mtharlaonn d (roimh a dhul i gcram a oifige nd is sin) dag n dir as n mthreoirbhuan arna suomh mar a dradh d ghabhil, nfolir toghchn doifig an Uachtarin a dhanamhtaobh istigh de sheasca l tar is an n sin a tharl.

4 1 Gach saornach ag a bhfuil cig blianatrochad sln, is intofa chun oifig an Uachtarin .

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2 Every candidate for election, not a former orretiring President, must be nominated either by:

i not less than twenty persons, each of whom isat the time a member of one of the Houses ofthe Oireachtas, or

ii by the Councils of not less than fouradministrative Counties (including CountyBoroughs) as defined by law.

3 No person and no such Council shall beentitled to subscribe to the nomination of morethan one candidate in respect of the same election.

4 Former or retiring Presidents may becomecandidates on their own nomination.

5 Where only one candidate is nominated for theoffice of President it shall not be necessary toproceed to a ballot for his election.

5 Subject to the provisions of this Article, electionsfor the office of President shall be regulated bylaw.

6 1 The President shall not be a member of eitherHouse of the Oireachtas.

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2 Gach iarrthir doifig an Uachtarin, seachasduine at n a bh ina Uachtarn cheana, is uathuseo a leanas nach folir a ainmni a theacht:

i fiche duine ar a laghad agus gach duine faoileith dobh sin ina chomhalta, in alt na huaire,de Theach de Thithe an Oireachtais, n

ii Comhairl ceithre Chontae riarachin ar alaghad (agus Contae-Bhuirg a ireamh) mara mhntear le dl.

3 N cead daon duine n daon Chomhairledobh sin bheith pirteach in ainmni breis is aoniarrthir amhin doifig an Uachtarin san aon-toghchn.

4 Tig le haon duine at n a bh ina Uachtarn fin a ainmni doifig an Uachtarin.

5 Nuair nach n-ainmntear doifig an Uachtarinach aon iarrthir amhin, n g vtil chun athoghadh.

5 Faoi chuimsi forlacha an Airteagail seo is le dla rialfar toghchin doifig an Uachtarin.

6 1 N cead an tUachtarn a bheith ina chomhaltade Dhil ireann n de Sheanad ireann.

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2 If a member of either House of the Oireachtasbe elected President, he shall be deemed to havevacated his seat in that House.

3 The President shall not hold any other officeor position of emolument.

7 The first President shall enter upon his office assoon as may be after his election, and everysubsequent President shall enter upon his officeon the day following the expiration of the term ofoffice of his predecessor or as soon as may bethereafter or, in the event of his predecessorsremoval from office, death, resignation, orpermanent incapacity established as provided bysection 3 hereof, as soon as may be after theelection.

8 The President shall enter upon his office by takingand subscribing publicly, in the presence ofmembers of both Houses of the Oireachtas, ofJudges of the Supreme Court and of the HighCourt, and other public personages, the followingdeclaration:

In the presence of Almighty God I ,do solemnly and sincerely promise and declarethat I will maintain the Constitution of Ireland

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2 M thoghtar comhalta de cheachtar de Thithean Oireachtais chun bheith ina Uachtarn, n folira mheas go bhfuil scartha aige le comhaltas an Tsin.

3 N cead don Uachtarn aon oifig n postsochair a bheith aige seachas a oifig Uachtarin.

7 N folir don chad Uachtarn dul i gcram a oifigechomh luath agus is fidir tar is a thoghadh,agus n folir do gach Uachtarn d is sin dul igcram a oifige an l i ndiaidh deireadh tharmaoifige a ramhtheachta n chomh luath agus isfidir d is sin n, m tharlaonn d ramh-theachta go gcuirfear as oifig n go n-agfaidhn go n-ireoidh as oifig n neachtar acu gongabhfaidh mthreoir bhuan agus go sufear sinmar a shocratear le halt 3 den Airteagal seo, chomhluath agus is fidir tar is an toghchin.

8 Is sl a rachaidh an tUachtarn i gcram a oifigen leis an dearbh seo a leanas a dhanamh gopoibl agus a lmh a chur leis i bhfianaisechomhalta den d Theach den Oireachtas, agusbreithina den Chirt Uachtarach agus den Ard-Chirt agus maithe poibl eile:

I lthair Dia na nUilechumhacht, timse,, ghealladh agus

dhearbh go sollnta is go frinneach bheith i mo

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and uphold its laws, that I will fulfil my dutiesfaithfully and conscientiously in accordance withthe Constitution and the law, and that I will dedicatemy abilities to the service and welfare of the peopleof Ireland. May God direct and sustain me.

9 The President shall not leave the State during histerm of office save with the consent of theGovernment.

10 1 The President may be impeached for statedmisbehaviour.

2 The charge shall be preferred by either of theHouses of the Oireachtas, subject to and inaccordance with the provisions of this section.

3 A proposal to either House of the Oireachtas toprefer a charge against the President under thissection shall not be entertained unless upon anotice of motion in writing signed by not less thanthirty members of that House.

4 No such proposal shall be adopted by either ofthe Houses of the Oireachtas save upon aresolution of that House supported by not lessthan two-thirds of the total membership thereof.

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thaca agus i mo dhdin do Bhunreacht ireann, agusa dlthe a chaomhn, mo dhualgais a chomhlonadhgo dlis coinsiasach de rir an Bhunreachta is an dl,agus mo lndcheall a dhanamh ar son leasa isfnaimh mhuintir na hireann. Dia do mo stiradhagus do mo chumhdach.

9 N cead don Uachtarn imeacht n Stt le linn abheith in oifig, ach amhin le toil an Rialtais.

10 1 Fadfar an tUachtarn a thinseamh as uchtm-iompair a luafar.

2 Ceachtar de Thithe an Oireachtais a dhanfasan ciseamh agus is faoi chuimsi agus de rirforlacha an ailt seo a dhanfar .

3 M thairgtear do cheachtar de Thithe anOireachtais cis a thabhairt in aghaidh anUachtarin faoin alt seo n cead aird a thabhairt aran tairiscint sin ach amhin de bharr fgratairisceana i scrbhinn faoi limh trocha comhaltaar a laghad den Teach sin.

4 N cead do cheachtar de Thithe an Oireachtaisglacadh le haon tairiscint den srt sin ach amhinde bharr rin n Teach sin lena mbeidh tacaochtdh thrian ar a laghad d lnchomhaltas.

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5 When a charge has been preferred by eitherHouse of the Oireachtas, the other House shallinvestigate the charge, or cause the charge to beinvestigated.

6 The President shall have the right to appear andto be represented at the investigation of thecharge.

7 If, as a result of the investigation, a resolutionbe passed supported by not less than two-thirds ofthe total membership of the House of theOireachtas by which the charge was investigated,or caused to be investigated, declaring that thecharge preferred against the President has beensustained and that the misbehaviour, the subjectof the charge, was such as to render him unfit tocontinue in office, such resolution shall operate toremove the President from his office.

11 1 The President shall have an official residencein or near the City of Dublin.

2 The President shall receive such emolumentsand allowances as may be determined by law.

3 The emoluments and allowances of thePresident shall not be diminished during his termof office.

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5 M dhanann ceachtar de Thithe anOireachtais ciseamh faoin alt seo n folir donTeach eile an chis a scrd n an chis a chur scrd.

6 Beidh de cheart ag an Uachtarn bheith ilthair agus lucht tagartha a bheith aige ar anscrd sin.

7 Ms toradh an scrdaithe sin go rithfear rn,le tacaocht dh thrian ar a laghad delnchomhaltas an T den Oireachtas a scrdaighan chis n a chuir an chis scrd, dhearbhgur suodh an chis a tugadh in aghaidh anUachtarin agus, an m-iompar ba shiocair donchiseamh, gur m-iompar a bhfuil antUachtarn neamhoirinach d dheasca chunfanacht i seilbh oifige, is is feidhm don rn sinan tUachtarn a chur as oifig.

11 1 Beidh stt-ras ag an Uachtarn i gcathairBhaile tha Cliath n ar a cngar.

2 Gheobhaidh an tUachtarn sochair aguslintais faoi mar a chinnfear le dl.

3 N cead laghd a dhanamh ar shochair n arlintais an Uachtarin le linn a bheith in oifig.

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ARTICLE 13

1 1 The President shall, on the nomination of Dilireann, appoint the Taoiseach, that is, the head ofthe Government or Prime Minister.

2 The President shall, on the nomination of theTaoiseach with the previous approval of Dilireann, appoint the other members of the Govern-ment.

3 The President shall, on the advice of theTaoiseach, accept the resignation or terminate theappointment of any member of the Government.

2 1 Dil ireann shall be summoned and dissolvedby the President on the advice of the Taoiseach.

2 The President may in his absolute discretionrefuse to dissolve Dil ireann on the advice of aTaoiseach who has ceased to retain the support ofa majority in Dil ireann.

3 The President may at any time, afterconsultation with the Council of State, convene ameeting of either or both of the Houses of theOireachtas.

3 1 Every Bill passed or deemed to have beenpassed by both Houses of the Oireachtas shallrequire the signature of the President for itsenactment into law.

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AIRTEAGAL 13

1 1 Ceapfaidh an tUachtarn an Taoiseach .i. anCeann Rialtais n an Promh-Aire, arna ainmnisin ag Dil ireann.

2 Arna n-ainmni ag an Taoiseach le comhaontDhil ireann roimh r, ceapfaidh an tUachtarnna comhalta eile den Rialtas.

3 Ar chomhairle an Taoisigh n folir donUachtarn glacadh le haon chomhalta den Rialtasdir as oifig, n comhalta ar bith den Rialtas achur as oifig.

2 1 Is an tUachtarn, ar chomhairle an Taoisigh,a chomrfas agus a lnscoirfeas Dil ireann.

2 Tig leis an Uachtarn, as a chomhairle fin,dilt do Dhil ireann a lnscor ar chomhairleTaoisigh nach leanann tromlach i nDil ireannde bheith i dtacaocht leis.

3 Tig leis an Uachtarn uair ar bith, tar iscomhairle a ghlacadh leis an gComhairle Stit,ceachtar de Thithe an Oireachtais, n iad araon, achomradh.

3 1 Gach Bille a ritear n a mheastar a ritheadh agdh Theach an Oireachtais n folir lmh anUachtarin a bheith leis chun a acht ina dhl.

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2 The President shall promulgate every lawmade by the Oireachtas.

4 The supreme command of the Defence Forces ishereby vested in the President.

5 1 The exercise of the supreme command of theDefence Forces shall be regulated by law.

2 All commissioned officers of the DefenceForces shall hold their commissions from thePresident.

6 The right of pardon and the power to commute orremit punishment imposed by any courtexercising criminal jurisdiction are hereby vestedin the President, but such power of commutationor remission may also be conferred by law onother authorities.

7 1 The President may, after consultation with theCouncil of State, communicate with the Housesof the Oireachtas by message or address on anymatter of national or public importance.

2 The President may, after consultation with theCouncil of State, address a message to the Nationat any time on any such matter.

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2 Gach dl d ndanfaidh an tOireachtas n folirdon Uachtarn a fhgairt.

4 Leis seo cuirtear na Frsa Cosanta faoiardcheannas an Uachtarin.

5 1 An t-ardcheannas ar na Frsa Cosanta is le dla rialfar an modh ar a n-oibreofar .

2 Is n Uachtarn a bheidh a ghairm ag gachoifigeach gairme de na Frsa Cosanta.

6 Bheirtear don Uachtarn leis seo ceart maithinais,agus cumhacht chun maolaithe n loghtha pionisa ghearrtar ar dhaoine in aon chirt dlnse coire,ach fadfar an chumhacht maolaithe n loghtha sina thabhairt le dl ddaris eile freisin.

7 1 Tig leis an Uachtarn, tar is comhairle aghlacadh leis an gComhairle Stit, teachtaireachtn aitheasc a chur faoi bhrid Tithe an Oireachtaisi dtaobh aon n a bhfuil tbhacht nisinta ntbhacht phoibl ann.

2 Tig leis an Uachtarn uair ar bith, tar iscomhairle a ghlacadh leis an gComhairle Stit,aitheasc a chur faoi bhrid an Nisiin i dtaobhaon n den srt sin.

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3 Every such message or address must, however,have received the approval of the Government.

8 1 The President shall not be answerable to eitherHouse of the Oireachtas or to any court for theexercise and performance of the powers andfunctions of his office or for any act done orpurporting to be done by him in the exercise andperformance of these powers and functions.

2 The behaviour of the President may, however, bebrought under review in either of the Houses of theOireachtas for the purposes of section 10 of Article12 of this Constitution, or by any court, tribunal orbody appointed or designated by either of theHouses of the Oireachtas for the investigation of acharge under section 10 of the said Article.

9 The powers and functions conferred on thePresident by this Constitution shall be exercisableand performable by him only on the advice of theGovernment, save where it is provided by thisConstitution that he shall act in his absolutediscretion or after consultation with or in relationto the Council of State, or on the advice ornomination of, or on receipt of any othercommunication from, any other person or body.

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3 Ach i ngach cs dobh sin n folir an Rialtas abheith ssta roimh r leis an teachtaireacht n leisan aitheasc.

8 1 Nl an tUachtarn freagrach daon Teach denOireachtas n daon chirt in oibri is igcomhlonadh cumhachta is feidhmeanna aoifige n in aon ghnomh d ndanann s n abheireann le tuiscint gur gnomh a dhanann sin oibri agus i gcomhlonadh na gcumhachta isna bhfeidhmeanna sin.

2 Ach fadfar iompar an Uachtarin a chur faoilirmheas i gceachtar de Thithe an Oireachtais chuncrocha alt 10 dAirteagal 12 den Bhunreacht seo,n ag aon chirt, binse n comhlacht a cheapfar na ainmneofar ag ceachtar de Thithe an Oireachtaischun cis faoi alt 10 den Airteagal sin a scrd.

9 Taobh amuigh de chs d socratear leis anmBunreacht seo go ngnomhidh an tUachtarn asa chomhairle fin, n tar is comhairle a ghlacadhleis an gComhairle Stit, n go ngnomhidh s idtaobh n a bhaineas leis an gComhairle Stit, nar chomhairle n ainmni aon duine n aondreama eile, n ar aon scala eile a fhil aonduine n aon dream eile, is ar chomhairle anRialtais amhin is cead don Uachtarn nacumhachta agus na feidhmeanna a bheirtear dleis an mBunreacht seo a oibri is a chomhlonadh.

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10 Subject to this Constitution, additional powers andfunctions may be conferred on the President by law.

11 No power or function conferred on the Presidentby law shall be exercisable or performable by himsave only on the advice of the Government.

ARTICLE 14

1 In the event of the absence of the President, or histemporary incapacity, or his permanent incapacityestablished as provided by section 3 of Article 12hereof, or in the event of his death, resignation,removal from office, or failure to exercise andperform the powers and functions of his office orany of them, or at any time at which the office ofPresident may be vacant, the powers andfunctions conferred on the President by or underthis Constitution shall be exercised andperformed by a Commission constituted asprovided in section 2 of this Article.

2 1 The Commission shall consist of the followingpersons, namely, the Chief Justice, the Chairmanof Dil ireann (An Ceann Comhairle), and theChairman of Seanad ireann.

2 The President of the High Court shall act as amember of the Commission in the place of the

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10 Faoi chuimsi an Bhunreachta seo fadfartuilleadh cumhachta agus feidhmeanna athabhairt don Uachtarn le dl.

11 N cead don Uachtarn aon chumhacht n feidhmd mbronntar air le dl a oibri n a chomhlonadhach amhin ar chomhairle an Rialtais.

AIRTEAGAL 14

1 M bhonn an tUachtarn as lthair n m bhonnar mthreoir go sealadach, n m bhonn armthreoir go buan agus go sufear sin mar ashocratear le halt 3 dAirteagal 12 denBhunreacht seo, n m tharlaonn dag n dir as oifig n a chur as oifig, n m theipeannair cumhachta is feidhmeanna a oifige n aoncheann dobh a oibri is a chomhlonadh, n mbhonn oifig an Uachtarin folamh, is Coimisin abheas comhdhanta mar a shocratear in alt 2 denAirteagal seo a oibreos is a chomhlonfas nacumhachta is na feidhmeanna a bhronntar ar anUachtarn leis an mBunreacht seo n faoi.

2 1 Is iad na daoine seo a leanas an Coimisin, .i. anPromh-Bhreitheamh, Cathaoirleach Dhil ireann(An Ceann Comhairle) agus CathaoirleachSheanad ireann.

2 Gnomhidh Uachtarn na hArd-Chirte inachomhalta den Choimisin in ionad an Phromh-

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Chief Justice on any occasion on which the officeof Chief Justice is vacant or on which the ChiefJustice is unable to act.

3 The Deputy Chairman of Dil ireann shall actas a member of the Commission in the place ofthe Chairman of Dil ireann on any occasion onwhich the office of Chairman of Dil ireann isvacant or on which the said Chairman is unable toact.

4 The Deputy Chairman of Seanad ireann shallact as a member of the Commission in the placeof the Chairman of Seanad ireann on anyoccasion on which the office of Chairman ofSeanad ireann is vacant or on which the saidChairman is unable to act.

3 The Commission may act by any two of theirnumber and may act notwithstanding a vacancy intheir membership.

4 The Council of State may by a majority of itsmembers make such provision as to them mayseem meet for the exercise and performance ofthe powers and functions conferred on thePresident by or under this Constitution in anycontingency which is not provided for by theforegoing provisions of this Article.

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Bhreithimh aon uair a bheas oifig an Phromh-Bhreithimh folamh n a bheas an Promh-Bhreitheamh gan bheith i gcumas gnomhaithe.

3 Gnomhidh Leas-Chathaoirleach Dhilireann ina chomhalta den Choimisin in ionadChathaoirleach Dhil ireann aon uair a bheasoifig Chathaoirleach Dhil ireann folamh n abheas an Cathaoirleach sin gan bheith i gcumasgnomhaithe.

4 Gnomhidh Leas-Chathaoirleach Sheanadireann ina chomhalta den Choimisin in ionadChathaoirleach Sheanad ireann aon uair a bheasoifig Chathaoirleach Sheanad ireann folamh na bheas an Cathaoirleach sin gan bheith i gcumasgnomhaithe.

3 Is dleathach don Choimisin gnomh tr bheirt arbith d lon agus gnomh dainneoin folntaisina gcomhaltas.

4 Fadfaidh an Chomhairle Stit, le tromlach dgcomhalta, cib socr is oircheas leo a dhanamhchun na cumhachta agus na feidhmeanna abhronntar ar an Uachtarn leis an mBunreacht seon faoi a oibri is a chomhlonadh in aon chsnach ndantar socr ina chomhair leis naforlacha sin romhainn den Airteagal seo.

THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENT

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5 1 The provisions of this Constitution whichrelate to the exercise and performance by thePresident of the powers and functions conferredon him by or under this Constitution shall subjectto the subsequent provisions of this section applyto the exercise and performance of the saidpowers and functions under this Article.

2 In the event of the failure of the President toexercise or perform any power or function whichthe President is by or under this Constitutionrequired to exercise or perform within a specifiedtime, the said power or function shall beexercised or performed under this Article, as soonas may be after the expiration of the time sospecified.


CONSTITUTION AND POWERS

ARTICLE 15

1 1 The National Parliament shall be called andknown, and is in this Constitution generallyreferred to, as the Oireachtas.

AN PHARLAIMINT NISINTA

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5 1 Na forlacha den Bhunreacht seo a bhaineasleis an Uachtarn doibri is do chomhlonadh nagcumhachta is na bhfeidhmeanna a bhronntar airleis an mBunreacht seo n faoi bainfid, faoichuimsi na bhforlacha inr ndiaidh den alt seo,le hoibri is le comhlonadh na gcumhachta is nabhfeidhmeanna sin faoin Airteagal seo.

2 M theipeann ar an Uachtarn aon chumhachtn feidhm a oibri n a chomhlonadh nach folird, de rir an Bhunreachta seo n faoi, a oibrin a chomhlonadh faoi cheann aimsire a luaitear,n folir a oibri n a chomhlonadh faoinAirteagal seo chomh luath agus is fidir tar isna haimsire a luaitear amhlaidh.


COMHDHANAMH AGUS CUMHACHTA

AIRTEAGAL 15

1 1 An tOireachtas is ainm don PharlaimintNisinta, agus sin a bheirtear uirthi de ghnthsa Bhunreacht seo.


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2 The Oireachtas shall consist of the Presidentand two Houses, viz.: a House of Representativesto be called Dil ireann and a Senate to be calledSeanad ireann.

3 The Houses of the Oireachtas shall sit in ornear the City of Dublin or in such other place asthey may from time to time determine.

2 1 The sole and exclusive power of making lawsfor the State is hereby vested in the Oireachtas: noother legislative authority has power to make lawsfor the State.

2 Provision may however be made by law for thecreation or recognition of subordinate legislaturesand for the powers and functions of theselegislatures.

3 1 The Oireachtas may provide for theestablishment or recognition of functional orvocational councils representing branches of thesocial and economic life of the people.

2 A law establishing or recognising any suchcouncil shall determine its rights, powers andduties, and its relation to the Oireachtas and to theGovernment.


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2 An tUachtarn agus dh Theach at sanOireachtas: Teach Ionadir ar a dtugtar Dilireann, agus Seanad ar a dtugtar Seanad ireann.

3 Is i gcathair Bhaile tha Cliath n ar a cngar,n cib it eile ar a gcinnfid am go ham, ashufid Tithe an Oireachtais.

2 1 Bheirtear don Oireachtas amhin leis seo an t-aon chumhacht chun dlthe a dhanamh donStt; nl cumhacht ag dars reachtaochta ar bitheile chun dlthe a dhanamh don Stt.

2 Ach fadfar socr a dhanamh le dl chun fo-reachtais a chur ar bun n chun glactha leo,agus chun cumhachta agus feidhmeanna na bhfo-reachtas sin a leagan amach.

3 1 Tig leis an Oireachtas socr a dhanamh chuncomhairl feidhmeannais is gairme beatha, aionadaos ranna de shaol chomhdhaonnach agusde shaol gheilleagrach an phobail, a chur ar bunn glacadh leo.

2 Dl ar bith lena gcuirtear comhairle den srtsin ar bun n faoina nglactar li n folir liri abheith ann ar chearta, ar chumhachta agus ardhualgais na comhairle sin, agus fs ar acomhbhaint leis an Oireachtas agus leis an Rialtas.


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4 1 The Oireachtas shall not enact any law whichis in any respect repugnant to this Constitution orany provision thereof.

2 Every law enacted by the Oireachtas which isin any respect repugnant to this Constitution or toany provision thereof, shall, but to the extent onlyof such repugnancy, be invalid.

5 1 The Oireachtas shall not declare acts to beinfringements of the law which were not so at thedate of their commission.

2 The Oireachtas shall not enact any lawproviding for the imposition of the death penalty.

6 1 The right to raise and maintain military orarmed forces is vested exclusively in theOireachtas.

2 No military or armed force, other than amilitary or armed force raised and maintained bythe Oireachtas, shall be raised or maintained forany purpose whatsoever.

7 The Oireachtas shall hold at least one sessionevery year.

8 1 Sittings of each House of the Oireachtas shallbe public.


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4 1 N cead don Oireachtas aon dl a acht a bheadhar aon chuma in aghaidh an Bhunreachta seo n inaghaidh aon fhorla den Bhunreacht seo.

2 I gcs aon dl d n-achtidh an tOireachtas abheith ar aon chuma in aghaidh an Bhunreachta seon in aghaidh aon fhorla den Bhunreacht seo beidhs gan bhail sa mhid go mbeidh s in aghaidh anBhunreachta seo agus sa mhid sin amhin.

5 1 N cead don Oireachtas a r gur sr dlgnomhartha nr shr dl iad le linn a ndanta.

2 N cead don Oireachtas aon dl a acht lenandanfar socr chun pions an bhis a ghearradh.

6 1 Is ag an Oireachtas amhin at de cheart frsamleata n frsa armtha a bhun agus achothabhil.

2 N dleathach frsa mleata n frsa armtha arbith, seachas frsa mleata n frsa armtha abhunatear agus a chothabhiltear ag an Oireachtas,a bhun n a chothabhil chun crche ar bith.

7 N folir don Oireachtas su uair sa bhliain ar alaghad.

8 1 Is go poibl a shufidh gach Teach denOireachtas.


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2 In cases of special emergency, however, eitherHouse may hold a private sitting with the assentof two-thirds of the members present.

9 1 Each House of the Oireachtas shall elect fromits members its own Chairman and DeputyChairman, and shall prescribe their powers andduties.

2 The remuneration of the Chairman and DeputyChairman of each House shall be determined by law.

10 Each House shall make its own rules and standingorders, with power to attach penalties for theirinfringement, and shall have power to ensurefreedom of debate, to protect its officialdocuments and the private papers of its members,and to protect itself and its members against anyperson or persons interfering with, molesting orattempting to corrupt its members in the exerciseof their duties.

11 1 All questions in each House shall, save asotherwise provided by this Constitution, bedetermined by a majority of the votes of themembers present and voting other than theChairman or presiding member.


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2 Ach i gcs prinn speisialta a bheith ann, tig leceachtar den d Theach su go probhideach achdh thrian de na comhalta a bheas i lthair dothoili leis.

9 1 Toghfaidh gach Teach ar leith den Oireachtas aChathaoirleach agus a Leas-Chathaoirleach finas a chomhaltas fin, agus leagfaidh amach dibha gcumhachta agus a ndualgais.

2 Is le dl a chinnfear tuarastal Chathaoirleach isLeas-Chathaoirleach gach T ar leith.

10 Danfaidh gach Teach ar leith a rialacha agus abhuan-orduithe fin, agus beidh s de chumhachtag gach Teach acu pions a cheapadh do lucht asraithe sin; beidh s de chumhacht aige fairis sinsaoirse aighnis a chur in irithe, agus a scrbhinnoifigila fin agus pipir phrobhideacha achomhalta a dhdean, agus fs fin agus achomhalta a dhdean ar aon duine n ar aondream daoine a dhanfadh cur isteach ntoirmeasc ar a chomhalta n a dhanfadh iarrachtar iad a illi agus iad ag danamh a ndualgas.

11 1 Taobh amuigh de chs d socratear a mhalairtleis an mBunreacht seo is sl a dtabharfar breithar gach ceist i ngach Teach ar leith n le formhrvta na gcomhalta a bheas i lthair agus adhanfas vtil ach gan an Cathaoirleach n ancomhalta a bheas i gceannas a ireamh.


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2 The Chairman or presiding member shall haveand exercise a casting vote in the case of anequality of votes.

3 The number of members necessary toconstitute a meeting of either House for theexercise of its powers shall be determined by itsstanding orders.

12 All official reports and publications of theOireachtas or of either House thereof andutterances made in either House whereverpublished shall be privileged.

13 The members of each House of the Oireachtasshall, except in case of treason as defined in thisConstitution, felony or breach of the peace, beprivileged from arrest in going to and returningfrom, and while within the precincts of, eitherHouse, and shall not, in respect of any utterancein either House, be amenable to any court or anyauthority other than the House itself.

14 No person may be at the same time a member ofboth Houses of the Oireachtas, and, if any personwho is already a member of either Housebecomes a member of the other House, he shallforthwith be deemed to have vacated his first seat.


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2 Ms ionann lon na vta ar an d thaobh beidhag an gCathaoirleach, n ag an gcomhalta a bheas igceannas, vta cinnina nach folir d a thabhairt.

3 Is lena bhuan-orduithe a chinnfear cn midcomhalta a bheas riachtanach do thionl decheachtar den d Theach chun a bheith i gcumasfeidhme.

12 Gach tuarascil agus foilseachn oifigiil nOireachtas agus gach Teach de, maille le caintar bith d ndantar in aon Teach dobh, tid saorar chrsa dl cib it a bhfoilstear.

13 T comhalta gach T den Oireachtas saor arghabhil le linn bheith i dtearmann ceachtar dend Theach n ag teacht chuige n ag imeachtuaidh, ach amhin i gcs trasa, mar a mhntearsa Bhunreacht seo , n i gcs feileonachta nbriseadh sochna agus cib caint a dhanfaidhcomhalta in aon Teach dobh n inchisithe margheall uirthi in aon chirt n ag dars ar bith achamhin an Teach fin.

14 N cead daon duine bheith ina chomhalta de dhTheach an Oireachtais san am channa, agus aonduine a bheas ina chomhalta de Theach dobhagus go ndanfar comhalta den Teach eile de, nfolir a mheas lithreach go bhfuil irithe aige asan gcad ionad.


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15 The Oireachtas may make provision by law for thepayment of allowances to the members of eachHouse thereof in respect of their duties as publicrepresentatives and for the grant to them of freetravelling and such other facilities (if any) inconnection with those duties as the Oireachtas maydetermine.

DIL IREANN

ARTICLE 16

1 1 Every citizen without distinction of sex whohas reached the age of twenty-one years, and whois not placed under disability or incapacity by thisConstitution or by law, shall be eligible formembership of Dil ireann.

2 i All citizens, and

ii such other persons in the State as may bedetermined by law,

without distinction of sex who have reached theage of eighteen years who are not disqualified bylaw and comply with the provisions of the lawrelating to the election of members of Dilireann, shall have the right to vote at an electionfor members of Dil ireann.


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15 Tig leis an Oireachtas socr a dhanamh le dlchun lintais a oc le comhalta gach T de as uchta ndualgas i gcil ionadir poibl, agus chun gondeonfa dibh, maidir lena ndualgais, saoridchun taisteal in aisce agus cib saorid eile achinnfidh an tOireachtas, m chinneann.

DIL IREANN

AIRTEAGAL 16

1 1 Gach saornach, cib acu fear n bean, ag abhfuil bliain agus fiche sln agus nach gcuirtearfaoi mhchumas n faoi mhthreoir leis anmBunreacht seo n le dl, t s intofa archomhaltas Dhil ireann.

2 i Gach uile shaornach, agus

ii cib daoine eile sa Stt a cinnfear le dl,

cib acu fir n mn, ag a bhfuil ocht mbliana dagsln agus n cuirtear faoi dhchilocht le dl, agusa chomhlonann coinnollacha an dl i dtaobhtoghchin comhalta do Dhil ireann, t ceartvtla acu i dtoghchn comhalta do Dhil ireann.


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3 No law shall be enacted placing any citizenunder disability or incapacity for membership ofDil ireann on the ground of sex ordisqualifying any citizen or other person fromvoting at an election for members of Dil ireannon that ground.

4 No voter may exercise more than one vote atan election for Dil ireann, and the voting shallbe by secret ballot.

2 1 Dil ireann shall be composed of memberswho represent constituencies determined by law.

2 The number of members shall from time totime be fixed by law, but the total number ofmembers of Dil ireann shall not be fixed at lessthan one member for each thirty thousand of thepopulation, or at more than one member for eachtwenty thousand of the population.

3 The ratio between the number of members to beelected at any time for each constituency and thepopulation of each constituency, as ascertained atthe last preceding census, shall, so far as it ispracticable, be the same throughout the country.


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3 N cead aon dl a acht a chuirfeadh saornachar bith, toisc gur fear n toisc gur bean ansaornach sin, faoi mhchumas n faoi mhthreoirmaidir lena bheith ina chomhalta de Dhil ireannn a dhchileodh saornach ar bith n duine ar bitheile, ar an bhforas canna sin, bheith i dteidealvtla i dtoghchn comhalta do Dhil ireann.

4 N cead do thoghthir ar bith thar aon vtaamhin a thabhairt i dtoghchn do Dhil ireann,agus is le rnbhallid a dhanfar an vtil.

2 1 Ionadir do dhilcheantair a shocratear le dlcomhaltas Dhil ireann.

2 Socrfar lon comhalta Dhil ireann le dl am go ham ach n cead a lnlon a bheith faoibhun comhalta in aghaidh gach trocha mle dendaonra, n os cionn comhalta in aghaidh gachfiche mle den daonra.

3 An chomhrir a bheas idir an lon comhalta abheas le toghadh aon trth le haghaidh gachdilcheantair ar leith agus daonra gachdilcheantair ar leith, de rir an daonirimh isdana d ndearnadh roimhe sin, n folir abheith ar cothrom, sa mhid gur fidir , ar fud nadiche uile.


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4 The Oireachtas shall revise the constituenciesat least once in every twelve years, with dueregard to changes in distribution of the population,but any alterations in the constituencies shall nottake effect during the life of Dil ireann sittingwhen such revision is made.

5 The members shall be elected on the system ofproportional representation by means of thesingle transferable vote.

6 No law shall be enacted whereby the numberof members to be returned for any constituencyshall be less than three.

3 1 Dil ireann shall be summoned and dissolvedas provided by section 2 of Article 13 of thisConstitution.

2 A general election for members of Dilireann shall take place not later than thirty daysafter a dissolution of Dil ireann.

4 1 Polling at every general election for Dilireann shall as far as practicable take place onthe same day throughout the country.

2 Dil ireann shall meet within thirty days fromthat polling day.


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4 N folir don Oireachtas na dilcheantair aathmheas uair ar a laghad sa d bhliain dag agfachaint go cu daon athruithe ar shuomh andaonra; ach athruithe ar bith d ndanfar ar nadilcheantair n thiocfaid i bhfeidhm i rith r naDla a bheas ina su le linn an athmheasta sin.

5 Is de rir na hionadaochta cionire agus armhodh an aonghutha inaistrithe a thoghfar nacomhalta.

6 N cead dl a acht a bharfadh faoi bhun triiran lon comhalta a bheas le toghadh daondilcheantar.

3 1 N folir Dil ireann a chomradh agus alnscor mar a shocratear le halt 2 dAirteagal 13den Bhunreacht seo.

2 N folir olltoghchn do chomhalta do Dhilireann a bheith ann l nach dana n trocha ltar is Dil ireann a lnscor.

4 1 An vtil do gach olltoghchn ar leith do Dhilireann n folir a dhanamh, sa mhid gurfidir , an t-aon l amhin ar fud na diche uile.

2 N folir do Dhil ireann teacht le chiletaobh istigh de throcha l n l vtla sin.


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5 The same Dil ireann shall not continue for alonger period than seven years from the date of itsfirst meeting: a shorter period may be fixed by law.

6 Provision shall be made by law to enable themember of Dil ireann who is the Chairmanimmediately before a dissolution of Dil ireannto be deemed without any actual election to beelected a member of Dil ireann at the ensuinggeneral election.

7 Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Article,elections for membership of Dil ireann,including the filling of casual vacancies, shall beregulated in accordance with law.

ARTICLE 17

1 1 As soon as possible after the presentation toDil ireann under Article 28 of this Constitutionof the Estimates of receipts and the Estimates ofexpenditure of the State for any financial year,Dil ireann shall consider such Estimates.

2 Save in so far as may be provided by specificenactment in each case, the legislation required togive effect to the Financial Resolutions of eachyear shall be enacted within that year.


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5 N bheidh de r ag aon Dil ireann ach seachtmbliana l a cad-tionil: fadfar r is giorra nsin a shocr le dl.

6 An comhalta de Dhil ireann a bheas inaChathaoirleach dreach roimh lnscor do Dhilireann n folir socr a dhanamh le dl chun gobhfadfar a mheas an comhalta sin a bheith tofado Dhil ireann sa chad olltoghchn eile, gan a dhul faoi thoghadh.

7 Faoi chuimsi na bhforlacha sin romhainn denAirteagal seo is de rir dl a rialfar toghchin dochomhaltas Dhil ireann, mar aon le lonadhcorrfholntas.

AIRTEAGAL 17

1 1 Chomh luath agus is fidir tar is naMeastachin ar fhltas an Stit agus na Meastachinar chaitheamh airgid an Stit i gcomhair aon bhlianaairgeadais a chur faoi bhrid Dhil ireann faoiAirteagal 28 den Bhunreacht seo, n folir do Dhilireann na Meastachin sin a bhreithni.

2 An reachtaocht a bheas riachtanach chunfeidhm dl a thabhairt do Rin Airgeadais gachbliana ar leith n folir a acht an bhliain sin finach amhin sa mhid go mbeidh a mhalairt socairi dtaobh gach cs ar leith in achtachn chuige sin.


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2 Dil ireann shall not pass any vote or resolution,and no law shall be enacted, for the appropriationof revenue or other public moneys unless thepurpose of the appropriation shall have beenrecommended to Dil ireann by a message fromthe Government signed by the Taoiseach.

SEANAD IREANN

ARTICLE 18

1 Seanad ireann shall be composed of sixtymembers, of whom eleven shall be nominatedmembers and forty-nine shall be elected members.

2 A person to be eligible for membership of Seanadireann must be eligible to become a member ofDil ireann.

3 The nominated members of Seanad ireann shallbe nominated, with their prior consent, by theTaoiseach who is appointed next after the re-assembly of Dil ireann following the dissolutionthereof which occasions the nomination of the saidmembers.

4 1 The elected members of Seanad ireann shallbe elected as follows:


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2 N dleathach do Dhil ireann vta n rn a rith,n n dleathach aon dl a acht, chun leithghabhila dhanamh ar sttchos n ar airgead poibl arbith eile, mura mbeidh teachtaireacht ag Dilireann n Rialtas faoi limh an Taoisigh agmoladh crche na leithghabhla dibh.

SEANAD IREANN

AIRTEAGAL 18

1 Seasca comhalta lon Sheanad ireann, .i. aonduine dhag a ainmneofar agus naonr isdaichead a thoghfar.

2 Ionas go mbeadh duine inghlactha ar chomhaltasSheanad ireann n folir a bheith inghlactha archomhaltas Dhil ireann.

3 Na comhalta a ainmneofar do Sheanad ireannainmneofar iad le ramhchead uathu fin ag anTaoiseach a cheapfar ar Dhil ireann dationl indiaidh an lnscoir ar Dhil ireann is siocair leisna comhalta sin a ainmni.

4 1 Na comhalta a thoghfar do Sheanad ireann,is ar an gcuma seo a leanas a thoghfar iad:


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i Three shall be elected by the NationalUniversity of Ireland.

ii Three shall be elected by the Universityof Dublin.

iii Forty-three shall be elected from panelsof candidates constituted as hereinafterprovided.

2 Provision may be made by law for the election,on a franchise and in the manner to be providedby law, by one or more of the followinginstitutions, namely:

i the universities mentioned in subsection1 of this section,

ii any other institutions of higher educationin the State,

of so many members of Seanad ireann as may befixed by law in substitution for an equal numberof the members to be elected pursuant toparagraphs i and ii of the said subsection 1.

A member or members of Seanad ireann may beelected under this subsection by institutionsgrouped together or by a single institution.


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i Toghfaidh Ollscoil na hireann trir.

ii Toghfaidh Ollscoil Bhaile tha Cliathtrir.

iii Toghfar trir is daichead as rolladiarrthir a chireofar ar an gcuma ashocratear anseo inr ndiaidh.

2 Fadfar foril a dhanamh le dl chun godtoghfar de rir toghchrais, agus ar an modh, ashocrfar le dl, ag ceann amhin n nos m dena forais seo a leanas, eadhon:

i na hOllscoileanna a luaitear i bhfo-alt 1den alt seo,

ii aon fhorais eile ardoideachais sa Stt,

an lon sin comhalta de Sheanad ireann ashocrfar le dl in ionad lon comhionann de nacomhalta a bheas le toghadh de bhun mreanna iagus ii den fho-alt sin 1.

Fadfar comhalta n comhalta de Sheanadireann a thoghadh faoin bhfo-alt seo ag forais abheas tiomsaithe le chile n ag foras aonair.


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3 Nothing in this Article shall be invoked toprohibit the dissolution by law of a universitymentioned in subsection 1 of this section.

5 Every election of the elected members of Seanadireann shall be held on the system of proportionalrepresentation by means of the single transferablevote, and by secret postal ballot.

6 The members of Seanad ireann to be elected bythe Universities shall be elected on a franchiseand in the manner to be provided by law.

7 1 Before each general election of the members ofSeanad ireann to be elected from panels ofcandidates, five panels of candidates shall beformed in the manner provided by law containingrespectively the names of persons havingknowledge and practical experience of thefollowing interests and services, namely:

i National Language and Culture, Literature,Art, Education and such professionalinterests as may be defined by law for thepurpose of this panel;

ii Agriculture and allied interests, andFisheries;

iii Labour, whether organised or unorganised;


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3 N cead aon n d bhfuil san Airteagal seo aagairt chun toirmeasc a chur le hOllscoil a luaiteari bhfo-alt 1 den alt seo a lnscor de rir dl.

5 Gach toghchn d mbeidh ann do na comhalta athoghfar do Sheanad ireann is de rir nahionadaochta cionire a dhanfar agus ar mhodhan aonghutha inaistrithe, le rnbhallid phoist.

6 Na comhalta a thoghfar do Sheanad ireann agna hOllscoileanna is de rir toghchrais, agus aran modh, a shocrfar le dl a thoghfar iad.

7 1 Roimh gach olltoghchn do na comhalta doSheanad ireann a thoghfar as rolla diarrthircireofar ar an gcuma a shocrfar le dl cig rolladiarrthir ar a mbeidh ainmneacha daoine ag ambeidh eolas agus cleachtadh ar na gntha agusna seirbhs seo a leanas faoi seach:

i An Ghaeilge agus an tSaocht Nisinta,Litrocht, Ealaonacht, Oideachas aguscib gairmeacha a lireofar le dl chuncrche an rolla seo;

ii Talmhaocht, maille le gntha a bhaineasli, agus Iascaireacht;

iii Oibreachas, cib comheagraithe n nachea;


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iv Industry and Commerce, including bank-ing, finance, accountancy, engineering andarchitecture;

v Public Administration and social services,including voluntary social activities.

2 Not more than eleven and, subject to theprovisions of Article 19 hereof, not less than fivemembers of Seanad ireann shall be elected fromany one panel.

8 A general election for Seanad ireann shall takeplace not later than ninety days after a dissolutionof Dil ireann, and the first meeting of Seanadireann after the general election shall take placeon a day to be fixed by the President on the adviceof the Taoiseach.

9 Every member of Seanad ireann shall, unless hepreviously dies, resigns, or becomes disqualified,continue to hold office until the day before thepolling day of the general election for Seanadireann next held after his election or nomination.

10 1 Subject to the foregoing provisions of thisArticle elections of the elected members ofSeanad ireann shall be regulated by law.


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iv Tionscal is Trchtil ar a n-irtearbaincireacht, airgeadas, cuntasaocht,innealtireacht agus foirgnocht;

v Riarachn Poibl agus seirbhs comh-dhaonnacha, agus obair chomhdhaonnachdheonach a ireamh.

2 N cead nos m n aon duine dhag n, faoichuimsi forlacha Airteagail 19 den Bhunreachtseo, nos l n cigear de chomhalta Sheanadireann a thoghadh as aon rolla irithe.

8 N folir olltoghchn do Sheanad ireann a bheithann l nach dana n ncha l dis lnscor doDhil ireann, agus n folir do Sheanad ireannteacht le chile ar chad-tionl tar is anolltoghchin l a chinnfidh an tUachtarn chuigear chomhairle an Taoisigh.

9 Leanfaidh gach comhalta de Sheanad ireann doifig, mura n-aga n mura n-ir as oifig n murandchiltear , go dt an l roimh l na vtla donolltoghchn is tisce a bheas ann do Sheanadireann dis a thoghadh n a ainmni.

10 1 Faoi chuimsi na bhforlacha sin romhainnden Airteagal seo, is de rir dl a rialfar gachtoghchn do na comhalta a thoghfar do Sheanadireann.


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2 Casual vacancies in the number of thenominated members of Seanad ireann shall befilled by nomination by the Taoiseach with theprior consent of persons so nominated.

3 Casual vacancies in the number of the electedmembers of Seanad ireann shall be filled in themanner provided by law.

ARTICLE 19

Provision may be made by law for the direct electionby any functional or vocational group or associationor council of so many members of Seanad ireann asmay be fixed by such law in substitution for an equalnumber of the members to be elected from thecorresponding panels of candidates constituted underArticle 18 of this Constitution.

LEGISLATION

ARTICLE 20

1 Every Bill initiated in and passed by Dil ireannshall be sent to Seanad ireann and may, unless itbe a Money Bill, be amended in Seanad ireannand Dil ireann shall consider any suchamendment.


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2 Is le hainmni n Taoiseach a lonfarcorrfholntais i lon na gcomhalta a ainmnteardo Sheanad ireann, le ramhchead na ndaoine aainmneofar.

3 Is ar an gcuma a shocratear le dl a lonfarcorrfholntais i lon na gcomhalta a thoghtar doSheanad ireann.

AIRTEAGAL 19

Fadfar socr a dhanamh le dl ionas go bhfadfadhaon dream feidhme n gairme beatha, n aonchomhlacht n comhairle feidhme n gairme beatha,an oiread comhalta do Sheanad ireann a thoghadhgo lomdreach agus a chinnfear leis an dl sin, in ionadan oiread channa de na comhalta a thoghfar as na comhrolla diarrthir a chireofar faoiAirteagal 18 den Bhunreacht seo.

REACHTAOCHT

AIRTEAGAL 20

1 N folir gach Bille a thionscnatear i nDilireann agus a ritear ag Dil ireann a chur goSeanad ireann agus, mura Bille Airgid , tig leSeanad ireann a leas, agus n folir do Dhilireann aon leas den srt sin a bhreithni.


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2 1 A Bill other than a Money Bill may be initiatedin Seanad ireann, and if passed by Seanadireann, shall be introduced in Dil ireann.

2 A Bill initiated in Seanad ireann if amendedin Dil ireann shall be considered as a Billinitiated in Dil ireann.

3 A Bill passed by either House and accepted by theother House shall be deemed to have been passedby both Houses.

Money Bills

ARTICLE 21

1 1 Money Bills shall be initiated in Dil ireannonly.

2 Every Money Bill passed by Dil ireann shallbe sent to Seanad ireann for its recommendations.

2 1 Every Money Bill sent to Seanad ireann for itsrecommendations shall, at the expiration of aperiod not longer than twenty-one days after itshall have been sent to Seanad ireann, be returnedto Dil ireann, which may accept or reject all orany of the recommendations of Seanad ireann.


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2 1 Is dleathach Bille nach Bille Airgid athionscnamh i Seanad ireann, agus m ritheannSeanad ireann n folir a thabhairt isteach inDil ireann.

2 M thionscnatear Bille i Seanad ireann agusgo leasaonn Dil ireann , n folir a mheas abheith ina Bhille a tionscnaodh i nDil ireann.

3 Bille a ritear ag ceachtar den d Theach agus lenanglacann an Teach eile n folir a mheas gurritheadh ag an d Theach.

Bill Airgid

AIRTEAGAL 21

1 1 Is i nDil ireann amhin is cead Bill Airgid athionscnamh.

2 N folir gach Bille Airgid a ritear ag Dilireann a chur go Seanad ireann diarraidh amolta ina thaobh.

2 1 Gach Bille Airgid a chuirtear go Seanad ireanndiarraidh a molta ina thaobh, n folir a chur arais go Dil ireann i gceann trimhse nach sia n lagus fiche tar is an Bille a chur go Seanad ireann, agus tig le Dil ireann iomln na molta Sheanad ireann n aon chuid dobh a ghlacadhn a dhilt.


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2 If such Money Bill is not returned by Seanadireann to Dil ireann within such twenty-onedays or is returned within such twenty-one dayswith recommendations which Dil ireann doesnot accept, it shall be deemed to have been passedby both Houses at the expiration of the saidtwenty-one days.

ARTICLE 22

1 1 A Money Bill means a Bill which contains onlyprovisions dealing with all or any of the followingmatters, namely, the imposition, repeal,remission, alteration or regulation of taxation; theimposition for the payment of debt or otherfinancial purposes of charges on public moneys or the variation or repeal of any such charges;supply; the appropriation, receipt, custody, issueor audit of accounts of public money; the raisingor guarantee of any loan or the repayment thereof;matters subordinate and incidental to thesematters or any of them.

2 In this definition the expressions taxation,public money and loan respectively do notinclude any taxation, money or loan raised bylocal authorities or bodies for local purposes.


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2 Mura gcuirtear an Bille Airgid sin ar ais Sheanad ireann go Dil ireann taobh istigh denl agus fiche sin, n m chuirtear ar ais taobhistigh den l agus fiche sin mar aon le molta nachnglacann Dil ireann leo, n folir a mheas gurrith an d Theach i gceann an lae agus fiche sin .

AIRTEAGAL 22

1 1 Is is ciall do Bhille Airgid Bille nach mbonnann ach forlacha le haghaidh iomln na n-bharseo a leanas n aon chuid acu .i. cnachas aghearradh, a aisghairm, a loghadh, a athr n arial; muirir a leagan ar airgid poibl chun fiachaa oc n chun cuspir eile airgeadais, n aleithid sin de mhuirir a athr n a aisghairm;solthar; airgead poibl a leithghabhil, aghlacadh, a choinneil n a eisiint, n cuntais aira inichadh; aon iasacht a chruinni n a rth na aisoc; fo-bhair a bhfuil baint acu leis na nithesin n le haon chuid acu.

2 Sa mhni sin n irtear faoi na focailcnachas, airgead poibl agus iasacht, faoiseach, aon chnachas, airgead n iasacht achruinnd daris n comhlachta itila chuncrocha itila.


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2 1 The Chairman of Dil ireann shall certify anyBill which, in his opinion, is a Money Bill to be aMoney Bill, and his certificate shall, subject to thesubsequent provisions of this section, be final andconclusive.

2 Seanad ireann, by a resolution, passed at asitting at which not less than thirty members arepresent, may request the President to refer thequestion whether the Bill is or is not a Money Billto a Committee of Privileges.

3 If the President after consultation with theCouncil of State decides to accede to the requesthe shall appoint a Committee of Privilegesconsisting of an equal number of members of Dilireann and of Seanad ireann and a Chairmanwho shall be a Judge of the Supreme Court: theseappointments shall be made after consultationwith the Council of State. In the case of anequality of votes but not otherwise the Chairmanshall be entitled to vote.

4 The President shall refer the question to theCommittee of Privileges so appointed and theCommittee shall report its decision thereon to thePresident within twenty-one days after the day onwhich the Bill was sent to Seanad ireann.


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2 1 Ms tuairim Chathaoirleach Dhil ireanngur Bille Airgid aon Bhille faoi leith n folir d adheimhni gur Bille Airgid agus, faoi chuimsina bhforlacha inr ndiaidh den alt seo, n bheidhdul thar an deimhni sin.

2 Tig le Seanad ireann rn a rith i dtionl nachmbeidh nos l n trocha comhalta i lthair ann, iarraidh ar an Uachtarn ceist a chur faoi bhridChoiste Pribhlid fachaint c acu Bille Airgid anBille n nach ea.

3 M aontaonn an tUachtarn leis an achain taris comhairle a ghlacadh leis an gComhairle Stit,n folir d Coiste Pribhlid a cheapadh. An loncanna de chomhalta de Dhil ireann agus deSheanad ireann a bheas ar an gCoiste sin, agusbreitheamh den Chirt Uachtarach inaChathaoirleach orthu. Is tar is comhairle aghlacadh leis an gComhairle Stit a dhanfar naceapachin sin. Ms ionann an lon vta ar an dthaobh beidh vta ag an gCathaoirleach, achmurab ionann n bheidh.

4 N folir don Uachtarn an cheist a chur faoibhrid an Choiste Pribhlid a cheapfar mar sin,agus n folir don Choiste a mbreith ar an gceist achur chun an Uachtarin taobh istigh de l agusfiche dis an lae a cuireadh an Bille go Seanadireann.


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5 The decision of the Committee shall be finaland conclusive.

6 If the President after consultation with theCouncil of State decides not to accede to therequest of Seanad ireann, or if the Committee ofPrivileges fails to report within the timehereinbefore specified the certificate of theChairman of Dil ireann shall stand confirmed.

Time for Consideration of Bills

ARTICLE 23

1 This Article applies to every Bill passed by Dilireann and sent to Seanad ireann other than aMoney Bill or a Bill the time for the considerationof which by Seanad ireann shall have beenabridged under Article 24 of this Constitution.

1 Whenever a Bill to which this Article applies iswithin the stated period defined in the nextfollowing sub-section either rejected by Seanadireann or passed by Seanad ireann withamendments to which Dil ireann does not agreeor is neither passed (with or without

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