bhavika goyal final portfolio complete
DESCRIPTION
interior designTRANSCRIPT
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INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN
PORTFOLIORESIDENTIAL DESIGN Dezyne Ecole College,Indiawww.dezyneecole.com
Bhavika Goyal1ST Year Diploma
&B.Sc. Interior Design
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Project Report On
Residential Design
Submitted To
Dezyne Ecole College
Towards The Partial Fulfillment For
The Award Of Diploma In
Interior Design As
Technical Knowledge Development Of
Residential Space Planning
Included With The
Bachelor Degree Program Of Interior Design
By
Bhavika Goyal
Dezyne Ecole College
Civil Lines, Ajmer, India
Www.Dezyneecole.Com
2014-2017
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The Project of Ms. Bhavika Goyal has been checked and has been graded as
Thanking You
Principal
(Seal & Signature)
Dezyne Ecole College
Civil Lines, Ajmer, India
www.dezyneecole.com
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Project Residential Space Planning has enlightened me about various aspects ofplanning a residential building.
I give my sincere thanks to Dezyne Ecole College and to my Mentors who gave me theopportunity to know about the various aspects of Residential Space Planning andhelped me in preparing the project.
Last but not the least thanks to God for keeping me in good health because of him Iwas able to submit my project on time.
Bhavika GoyalB.Sc.- Interior Design
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INTRODUCTION
To Be Creative Is A Part Of Human Psyche. It Is One Of Those Traits That Set Us Apart From OtherAnimal Species And We Have Practiced It For Millennia. Even When Our Prime Need Was To FindFood And Shelter, We Felt A Desire To Leave Our Mark On The Environment That We Inhabited.Whether This Was To Satisfy Some Deep Spiritual Calling Or A Method Of Passing On A VitalKnowledge To Fellow Group Members, Or Whether It Was Simply A Way For An Individual ToSatisfy An Urge To Leave His Mark For Future Generations, We Will Never Know. For Just As Long,People Have Turned Inquisitive Minds To Ways Of Solving Problems Such As How To Work MoreEfficiently, How To Live More Comfortably And How To Be Safe From Danger.
Today, These Primitive And Fundamental Indicators Of Human Nature May Be Expressed In MoreSophisticated And Developed Ways, But The Primal Simplicity Of Our Human Desire To Make ABetter And More Comfortable World For Ourselves Is Evidenced Through, Amongst OtherThings., How We Organize The Space That We Inhabit, And The Aesthetic That We Make For Them.As We Have Become More Affluent And Blessed With More Leisure Time, Style Has Become MoreImportant To Us And Is Something With Which We Want To Imbue Our Homes. But Style Is A VeryPersonal Notion, So Why Should Anyone Look To Employ Someone Else, An Interior Designer, ToTell Them What Is Right? Why, For That Matter, Should We As A Designer Presume To Impose OurIdeas Upon A Space That Isnt Our Own?
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The Answer Of This Interior Design Is All About So Much More Than What Looks Right. It Is AboutTaking Holistic View Of The Way That Individuals Use And Enjoy The Spaces That They Inhabit. It IsAbout Finding And Crating A Cohesive Answer To A Set Of Problems And Dressing The Solutions So AsTo Unify And Strengthen Our Experience Of The Space. Many People Understand This And That TheyDo Not Have The Necessary Skills To Tackle The Job Themselves. And So There Is The Need ForProfessional Interior Designers.
Good Interior Design Adds A New Dimension To A Space. It Can Increase Our Efficiency In The Way WeGo About Our Daily Lives And It Adds Depth Understanding And Meaning Of The Built Environment.Thoughtful And Well-crafted Design Makes A Space Easier To Understand And Experiencing Such ASpace Lifts The Spirit. It Is, Therefore, Not Just About Aesthetic, It Is A Practical And PhilosophicalDesign.
Beautiful Spaces Betray A Logical And Rational Questioning Of The Status Quo And Can Be An HonestAttempt To Find New And Exciting Way To Lead Our Lives. Planners Are Often Asked To MakeEstimates Of Space Needs Before Having An Opportunity To Make Policies Or Detailed Plans ForOperations. Here The Interior Designer Studies About The Space And Its Surrounding Influences On It ,Like Orientation Of The Space ,Day Lighting, Ventilation, HVAC ,Lighting, Landscaping All DependingOn The Personality Of The Space. These Then Lead To Development Of The Structural Features Of TheBuilding As It Influences The Utilization Of The Space.
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Interior Decorators On The Other Hand Generally Work With Existing Spaces That Do Not RequirePhysical Alteration. Through The Use Of Color ,Light And Surface Finish , They Will Transform The LookOf The Space, Perhaps Making It Suitable To Function In A Different Way From That For Which It WasOriginally Designed , But With Very Little Or No Change To The Structure Of The Building. The ScopeOf The Projects Undertaken Will Vary From The Purely Decorative . To Ones Where A Great Deal OfStructural Change Is Required To Meet The Brief. An Interior Designer Will Completely Handle TheSpace Planning And Creation Of Decorative Scheme At The Same Time As Considering MajorStructural Changes.
Lets Understand The Work Of An Interior Designer.
1. Interior Design As A Skill Branch:Building Engineering Was A Pioneer Design Field Out Of Which Many Specialties Like Architecture,Civil Engineering And Interior Designing Have Separated . All These Skills Deal With Buildings UsingMany Common Materials And Techniques . Interior Design As A Result Has Certain Affinity ToArchitecture . In Recent Years Many Other Design Skills Like Urban Design, Town Planning, Mass OrPublic Housing, Landscape Architecture Etc. Have Merged From Architecture . In Future Many OtherSkills May Also Emerge From Interior Design.
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2.Building And Design Interventions:A Building Once Constructed Is Initially Readied For Occupation By The Original Designer . HoweverBuildings Last For Ages And During The Lifespan , Must Be Altered And Updated Several Times.Architects Or Building Engineers Are Unavailable , Or Have No Income Incentive For Such Frivolity.During Early Middle Ages Or Perhaps Even Earlier , Low-skilled Art-painters Were Hired To Paint AndDecorate Old Buildings Inside And Outside . The Painters Known As Decorators , Worked Along WithAssociates , To Not Only Paint But Undertake Repairs, Make Furniture And Update Furnishings. ManyCrafts-persons Like , Iron-smiths, Guilders, Glass Blowers , Weavers, Embroiders, Rug And CarpetMakers, Sculptors, Mural Makers Were Associated With The Decorator As Jobbers And Suppliers .Later All These Services Were Handled By A Person , The Interior Decoration Was A Service For TheBuilding But Always Was Distinct From The Architect From The Architecture Or Building Engineering.Interior Decorator Was Neither A Variant, Nor Subservient To The Architect.
3. Interior Decorator To Interior Designer:Interior Decorator Worked As A Facilitator, Scheduling And Coordinating The Activities WhileSupervising The Quality Of Various Vendors. The Interior Decorator Now Even Offered ComprehensiveDesign Solutions With Alternative To Their Clients. Interior Decoration Became A Well- DocumentedStrategy, Serving Two Basic Purpose. It Helped Creation Of A Functional System By Coordinating Skills, Materials And Objects Sourced
From Different Agencies.
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It Showed The User Of Client, In Advance, The Solution, In A Respective Form A Surrogate
Once The First Objective Was Achieved Without Being Continuously Present On The Site It WasPossible For The Interior In Charge Person To Devote More Tome And Attention To The SecondObjective. The Interior Decorator Began To Play A Very Active Role Of A Professional Interior DesignerRather Than Being Simply A Site Bound Interior Contractor.
4. Design Studio-The Interior Designer Now Operated From A Design Office Or Studio, Usually Located In An UrbanArea. The Studio Was Used For Creating Drawings, Sketches, Other Presentations, Models, Prototypes,Dummies, Cartoon (Replicas Of Artwork In Full Size), Samples Etc. It Contained Samples Of MaterialsAnd Catalogues. The Studio Was A Fixed Location Facility Where Interior Designer Was Able To MeetClients, Suppliers And Crafts- Persons.
5. Design+ Execution Practice-Schematic Documentation Of Design Has Been Very Difficult. And The Most Irritating Aspect OfBusiness. Amateur Interior Designers ( Formally Untrained Hobbyists) Lack The Capacity To DocumentTheir Design Intentions, So Prefer To Work On The Site, Providing Oral Instructions To Contractor OrTheir Workers. Many Interior Designers, Even Today Where Practicable Would Like To Execute TheirWork By Themselves. The Tradition Of Combining Design+ Execution Persists For Many Reasons.
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Interior Components Require Complex Details And Materials For Their Sensorial Qualities. TheseAre Difficult To Present Through Formal Design Documentation, And Must Be Effected OnlyThrough Personal Involvement.
Interior Designing Involves Improvisation. The Coordinated Effect Can Be Achieved Only WhenComponents Or Systems Are Substantially Produced By The Designers Themselves.
Amateur Or Untrained Interior Designers Do Not Have Such Proficiencies.
6. Forms Of Interior Design Practices:Today Many Different Forms Of Interior Design Practices Exist Ranging From:PURE DESIGN (Design Only).DESIGN + SUPPLY.DESIGN + SUPPLY + EXECUTION.
7. Interior Design and other Design Professions:Interior Design Like Any Other Design Profession, Is An Interdependent Profession. Interior DesignersWork In Conjunction With Other Design Professionals, Who Need Interior Design Contribution In TheirWork, Such As Architects, Building Engineers, Landscape Designers , Furniture And Product Designers,Exhibition And Event Managers. Interior Designers Also Use Expertise Of Other Professionals For TheirWork. These Include Environmental Engineers, Ecologists, Furnishing Experts, Textile Designers,Painters, Sculptors, And An Array Of Crafts Persons.
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8. Specialization in Interior Design:Interior Designers Like Other Professionals Also Face A Dilemma, Should They Specialize Or Be AGeneralist? To Become A Specialist One Needs To Limit The Work To Projects Of Particular Nature. ButIt Is Very Difficult To Get Projects To Suit A Predefined Field Of Specialization. In Reality, As And WhenOpportunities Arise, A Designer Preferences Project That Builds Up The Specific Sphere Of Experience.The Refined Capability Can Then Be Used For Handling Similar But Complex Jobs.Acute Specialization In A Particular Field Also Leads To Generalization, As One Handles Only One OrFew Types Of Projects. Interior Designers By Handling Only Specific Projects Achieve An Expertise InThe Field, But Gradually Lose The Capacity To Handle Other Projects. Whereas A Generalist , ByHandling All Sorts Of Projects, Perhaps Gains A Wider Experience, Economics Of Scale (Turnover), ButAt Compromised Quality.
Some Degree Of Specialization Is Becoming Apparent In Interior Design. Some Of The Major Fields ToHave Distinct Identities Within The Ambit Of Interior Designers Beyond Their Role Of Furnishers AreAlso Ideal As Maintenance, Persons And Operators Of Buildings.
Large Organizations (Hotels, Guest Houses, Corporate Head Offices, Museums, Showrooms,Departmental Stores) Have Estates, Substantially Consisting Of Buildings, Furniture, Furnishings,Plants, Equipment, Utilities, Gardens And Landscaped Lands.
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Interior Design Turning Today Includes Design Drafting And Presentation Technologies In DigitalMedia. Interior Designers With Competence In Computerized Drafting (AUTOCAD) 3D Modelling,Animation, Walk Through, Rendering, Etc. Find Employment In Many Other Design Fields. InteriorDesign Training Consists Of Color, Rendering, Graphics And Presentation Techniques, Preparing ThemFor The Diversion To Graphics Related Fields, Like Artworks, Advertising, Cinematography, Exhibitions,Publicity, Etc.
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WHAT IS A HOUSE?
A House Is A Place Of Communication For The Family For Domestic Activities, For Living, Working,Eating And Sleeping. It Is A Place Where Family Goes To Be With Each Other.
A Home Means Different Things To Different People , For Some It Is A Comfort Zone And A SecureHeaven Where The Mind, Body And Soul Is At Peace And Rest; For Others Its An Expression Of TheirCreativity, Aesthetics And Individuality; And For Yet Others Its A Showcase Of What They HaveAchieved In Life.
Whatever Your Temperament Or Aspirations ,Your Home Reflects Your Familys Signature And IsUnique In Its Own Way. A House Says A Lot About The People Who Live In It.
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INTERIOR DESIGNING AND DECORATING
Many People Use The Terms Interior Design And Interior Decorating Interchangeably, But TheseProfessions Differ In Critical Ways.
Interior Design Is The Art And Science Of Understanding Peoples Behavior To Create FunctionalSpaces Within A Building. Decoration Is The Furnishing Or Adorning Of A Space With Fashionable OrBeautiful Things. In Short, Interior Designers May Decorate But Decorators Do Not Design.
Interior Designers Apply Creative And Technical Solutions Within A Structure That Are Functional,Attractive And Beneficial To The Occupants Quality Of Life And Culture. The Interior Design ProcessFollows A Systematic And Coordinated Methodology, Including Research, Analysis And Integration OfKnowledge Into The Creative Process To Satisfy The Needs And Resources Of The Client.
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My Skills And Working
To Enrich My Skills And Knowledge , I Have Studied Various Topics In My Degree Program.These Are:
Elements And Principles Of Design- I Have Learnt About Seven Major Elements Of Design I.E. Line,Shape,form,colour, Texture, Value And Pattern. And Principles Of Design I.E. Unity, Balance, Scale AndProportion, Rthym,emphasis Etc. I Have Also Studied Color Theory.History Of Art And Architecture- I Have Studied About Different Civilizations Including Stone AgeCivilization, Egyptian Civilization , Indus Valley Civilization, Aryan Civilization. I Have Also StudiedAbout The Temple Architecture Of India And About Different Painters Of IndiaBuilding Contruction I Have Studied Various Topics Including Technical Parts Of A Building I.E.Foundation, Plinth, Roof, Floor, Ceiling, Door, Windows Etc. , Different Types Of Doors And Windows,Different Types Of Stairs, Arches , Bricks Masonry And Stone Masonry.Interior Materials- I Have Also Studied About The Interior Materials.Space Planning Principles- I Have Also Learnt About Residential Space Planning Methodology AndLouis Kahns Principle
During My First Year Of Degree Program, I Have Visited A Construction Site Of A Flat. I Have AlsoParticipated In The Identity Exhibition On The Concept Of Smart City. In The Subsequent Slides MyWorking Is Shown.
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RESIDENTIAL DESIGNThe design has to be functional so that the person can feel the
space, express his self at the same time enjoy the space.
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Whenever Any Planning Has To Be Done One Needs To Pay
Attention To :
Who Is The Client And What Are His/her Requirements.Locality Of The Plot(location).Landmarks To The Plot.Mark Directions On The Plot.Climatology Of That Location1. Macro Climate 2. Micro Climate Day Lighting And Ventilation
All These Above Features Lead To Development Of The Building Envelope As We Have To Design A Sustainable Building Designs And At The Same Time Green Building Designs
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SOME OF THE STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED FOR GOOGLE MAPS
Locate Your Site On The Google MapsGoogle Maps Offer Aerial And SatelliteViews Of Many Places. It Also ProvidesDetailed Information About GeographicalRegions And Sites Around The World.
It Can Help Us Locate Various Sites In A Particular Area.We Can Also Use A Map To Find Out Nearby Facilities.This Allows Us To Get Information In Short Span Of Time.
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SITE CONTOURS
Contour Maps Provide Valuable Information About The Topography Of The Area,Whether It Is Flat, Undulating Or Mountainoueous. The Nature Of The Ground Surface OfAn Area Can Be Understood By Studying A Contour Map.
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SITE SELECTION AND ANALYSIS
Location Of The Site , Site Analysis , Site And Its Surrounding Are First Undertaken.Site Analysis Is The Process Of Surveying Or Studying The Existing Environment And How It WillInfluence The Structural Design And Layout On The Site. Site Analysis Must Be Completed FirstBefore Design Development Commences.
Distance From Railway Station 1200m Distance From Bus Stand 650m
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Savitri College
Road
Proposed Site
Residential
ZoneAjmer Hospital
R.T.D.C
SPECIFICATIONS:
Proposed
Site
Residential
Zone
Ajmer
Hospital
R.T.D.C
Savitri
College
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ACCESSIBILTY TO THE SITE
The Main Entrances And The Main Road Abutting The Site Is Very Important For Any Kind OfProject.
NPropose
d Site
Proposed
Site
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CONNECTIVITY TO MAIN ROAD AND SUB-ROADS
Connectivity Of The Site To The Main Roads And Sub Roads, To Major Landmarks Like RailwayStation, Bus Stand Etc. Must Be Check.Distance From The Major Landmarks Such As : Shopping Centers (1.2km) Railway Stations (2.5km) Hospital (350m) Bus Stand (1km) Dimensions Of The Site (54x50)
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MAJOR LANDMARKS
Proposed
Site
Residential
Zone
Ajmer
Hospital
R.T.D.
C
Savitri
College
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ORIENTATION OF THE SITE
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST EAST
WINTER SUN
SUMMER SUN
INTENSE SUN
Preferred
Zone For
Building
Orientation
Acceptable
QUADRANT
Of Windows
orientation
TOTAL SHADE
First Of All We Need To PayAttention To The Direction OfThe Sun And Its Movement InThe Four Directions.If We Pay Attention To TheDiagram Of Suns Movement WeSee The Sun Rises From East AndThe Color Of The Suns Light AtThat Time Is Tender Yellow, TheWhole South Direction IsCompletely Lighted UpThroughout The Day And Is TheMost Hot Direction But At TheSame Time The Cool Wind BlowsFrom West Direction Too. So It IsVery Important To Have TheBuilding Oriented From East ToWest Because Then The HouseWill Have More Sunlight And Air.
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ORIENTATION OF THE SITES
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Well Oriented Buildings Maximize Day Lighting It IsImportant To Remember That The Position Of TheSun In The Sky Is Dynamic.
If The Placement Of Doors And Windows Is DoneAccording To The Orientation, The House Will BeMore Lighted Up And There Will Be No Use Of OtherEnergy Sources In Daytime And The Circulation Of AirWill Also Be Better.
The Building Orientation Have An Impact OnHeating, Lighting And Cooling Costs.
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CLIMATOLOGY FACTORS
Climatology Is The Branch Which Deals WithThe Climate And Changes Throughout The YearOf The Weather.
Macro Climate Of India: Location Of India In The World Is
Northeast Direction . Longitude Of India 88 To 90 Latitude Of India 8 To 37 The Whole India Has A Tropical Monsoon
Climate, Since The Greater Part Of TheCountry Lies Within The Tropics.
Climate can be sub-divided into two major divisions :
1. Macro climate2. Micro climate
We have to study the micro climate and macro climate structure .
23 N23 N
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MACRO CLIMATE
Climate And Temperature OfAjmer: Ajmer Has A Typical Desert
Climate And Hot And Arid. Summers Are Hot With
Maximum TemperatureNear 40c While TheMinimum Is Nearly 28c.
Winters Are Chilly WithMinimum Temperature Of5c.
Longitude Of Ajmer 7442North.
Latitude Of Ajmer 2627East.
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MICRO CLIMATE
Micro climate zone
Setting And Site Layout Followed By LandscapingCan Improve The Microclimate Around A Building,Taking Advantage Of Existing TopographicalFeature, Adjacent Buildings And Vegetation ForSolar Protection. Good Site Layout Can Also TakeGrater Advantage Of Local Breezes By TheFormation Of Air Funnels And Also Aid NaturalVentilation By Staggering Oh The Building Layout.The Presence Of Water And Vegetation On The SiteCan Also Be Used For Natural Cooling. Good SiteLayout Can Reduce Cooling Loads Appreciably ByOptimizing Natural Solar Protection And LocalBreezes.Elements Of Site Design That Can Be Used ForEfficient Natural Cooling Include Landscaping,Orientation To Sun And Wind, Building Shape AndPlanning And Natural Ventilation.
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SUSTAINABILITY FACTORS
For any design to be efficient , we need to focus on following parameters:
Energy efficiency
Water efficiency
Material efficiency
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DAYLIGHT
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Day lighting is a practice of placing windows or other openings and reflective surfaces so thatduring the day natural light provides effective internal lighting.
Benefits of day lighting: It is a full spectrum source of light. It increases productivity and decreases sick time. It reduce electrical consumption and reduce cavity. Mirrors can be used to create illusion to make a room/area look big.
Principles of good daylight practice:Level & distribution of light depends on Geometry of space. Location. Orientation of windows and other openings. Characteristics of internal surface.
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DAYLIGHT
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
The Objective To Design A Window Is ToProvide As Much Of The Indoor LightingRequirement With Day Lighting WithoutCompromising Other Energy.
wide windows are used for viewing purposeand tall windows are used for having sunslight inside the house.
The Whole South Direction Is CompletelyLighted Up Throughout The Day , WideWindows Are Used In Southern Side So ThatNo Glare Can Come Inside The House .
Northern Side Is A Darker Zone , It Has LessSuns Light If We Use Tall Windows InNorthern Side maximum Suns Light Can BeEntered Inside The House.
NORTH
NORTH
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VENTILATION
ENERGY EFFICIENCYVENTILATION may be defined as supply of fresh outside air into an enclosed space or the removalof inside air from the enclosed space. In other words, ventilation is the removal of all vitiated airfrom a building and its replacement with fresh air.Ventilation may be achieved either by natural or artificial(or mechanical) means.In a room air exchange takes place minimum 1 time and maximum 60 times.
The rate of natural ventilation depends on two effects: Wind effect Stack effect
Movement of wind through windows
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
WindWind
Wind Wind
Wind
Wind
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VENTILATION
Pressure
Zone
Pressure
Zone
Suction Zone Suction Zone
(a) a> 30
a
a
(b) a<
30
Suction Zone
Pressure
Zone
Outlet
Wind pressure and suction zone
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
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VENTILATION
Outl
et
Roof
OutletOutlet
WallFloor
Inlet Inlet
(a)
Outlet Outlet
FloorWall
Roof
(b)
Wind pressure and suction zone
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
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VENTILATION
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Cross Ventilation
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RAINWATER HARVESTING
Rain water harvesting : It is also another important factor of building envelope. Landscaping,water body, heat insulated material, cavity wall are use to control air and heat. Rainwaterharvesting is a technique used for collecting, storing and using rainwater for landscape irrigationand other uses.
Water Efficiency
Soft floor
Water tank
Water table increases
soil
rainwater
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LANDSCAPING
Landscaping can improve the microclimate in both summer andwinter, providing shading, evaporate cooling and wind channelingin summer, or shelter in winter. Vegetation absorbs large amountsof solar radiation in summer helping to keep the air and groundbeneath cool while evapotranspiration can further reducetemperatures.
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Landscaping
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BRICK AND STONE
A knowledge about building material help us to design better houses . Presenting my learning skill in subsequent
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SITE SERVICES
Study of services on site is also very important they are
Water supply
Electricity lines
Drainage lines
I have included them in later project
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BUILDING BYELAWS
Building Bye Laws Consist Of Certain Rules And Regulation Framed By A Municipal Or TownPlanning Or Urban Development Board To Control The Development Of Area Under ItsJurisdiction.
All Mandatory Plan Regulation Regarding Use, Land Use, Coverage, Set-back And Open Space.The Minimum Set Backs To Be Leave In A Building Should Be From Front Is 10 From Both TheSide And Back 3 To 5.
Number Of Stories And Number Of Dwelling Units. Parking Standards, Lighting And Ventilation Of Room. Distances From Electric Lines And Structural Safety Requirement. Size And Height Of Room And Other Requirement Of The Building. Fire Protection Requirements Like Fire Proof Door, Emergency Alarm System, Fire Pump, Fire
Lift And Fire Resistance Materials. Building Services Which Include Electrical Installations, Air Conditioning, Heating And Plumbing
System Etc.
To Follow Building Bye Laws, We Can Make A Building Which Has Proper Ventilation, Good Daylighting, Air Circulation, Open Space And Many Other Advantage.
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PLOT AREA
Specifications Plot Area- 300 sq.
yards (54*50) Parking Area- 17*15 Covered Area- 45*34 Wall 9 Pillar 16 M; Plot Area
Parking Area
Covered Area
Wall
Pillars
In My Residential Space Planning, I Have Paid Attention To The Building Bye Laws Also. TheMinimum Set Backs I Have Leave In My Building Is ;From Front 10, From Both The Side And Back 3.I Have Also Included The Parking Standards In My Residential Space Planning.
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PLANNING METHODOLOGY
To plan any building we need to focus is main things they are:
Space planning
Anthropometrics
Ergonomics
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PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
Every human being has a different personality that consists of one or more characteristics. Theirpersonalities react differently in different environment or with different people.Consider a space as a person. Every space has its own personality with several specialcharacteristics that differ by project, these characteristics cause the space to interact with otherspaces in a certain manner, these characteristics can be categorized as 6 expressions of humanbehavior.
Leading/ Following Grouping Loner Servant Watcher Outreaching
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LEADING/FOLLOWING
LEADER
FO
FO
FO
FO
LIVING
ROOM
POWDE
R RROM
KITCHEN
RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURAL
FIRM
BANK THEATRE
LEADING LIVING ROOM PRINCIPALS OFFICE
WAITING
SPACE
LOBBY,
THEATRE
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GROUPING
People gather for a certain purpose, same objective , interest or goal. By imitating thischaracteristics the spaces that carry the same GROUPING character gather as a group thesespaces are related to each otherFor example A living room will prefer a kitchen to be next to it because will discussing or doingany other leisure activity a person love to eat food or drink coffee/tea. So this space needs to benext to the living room. The kitchen is generally known as the worker space.
Gr Gr
Gr
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LONER ( BEDROOM )
This character affects the space with response to distance from group. A person who prefers moreprivacy and avoids social conversation and stays away from a crowd is known as a loner(LONER) inresidential projects some clients may prefers more privacy for their master bedroom. So the Lonercan be set to be a character which keep distance away from certain spaces , living room , diningroom and other bedrooms.
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SERVANT ( TOILET ZONE)
A space that serves other spaces needs to be adjacent to them but prefers not to appeal visually which is in reality , servant needs to be near to a master while stay out of the site. As depicted in a figure a toilet space play the role of a servant with the master bedroom.
SERVANT
LIVING
ROOM
BED ROOM
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WATCHER
This type of character causes a space to locate beside a boundary of the project foe attractions in the environment. It is based on the human nature that people like to watch or get close to certain incidences the attraction can be different type of environmental conditions like views, parks, lakes or parking, this character is useful for many different spaces in design.For Example : Waiting Space, Dinning Space Or Caf.
WA
WA
WA
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OUTREACHING
The space with this character locates near the entrance or corridor for meeting or activities that relates to outreaching quality, this type of space represents an outgoing or sociable behavior like human that can represent a welcome space in a residential unit.For Example : Living Room.
OR
ENTRANCE
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ANTHROPOMETRICS
Anthropometrics is a study of human dimension without paying attention to human body
measurement and developing or creating a design will not end up in the comfort zone for a client.
These dimension need to be considered for the following categories:
Male , female , child , teenagers , old age and handicapped.
The requirement of all these people as per the dimension varies because of which the layout of
the plan and space planning done is also different. For example if we have to design for bling
person, a person on a wheel chair, a toilet facility for an old person, a bedroom for a teenager etc.
all these points addressed have to attended as differently as all these people require different
measurement of space utilization.
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ERGONOMICS
Ergonomics means designing of space with the use of anthropometrics data for useable zones.
For example : Devising of proper relaxation chairs while watching television, selection of door
handles for opening doors & selection of many other things based on anthropometric data
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LIVING ROOMAnthropometrics Planning Paper
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Living room is a room where we chores. It is a room for relaxingand socializing. It is a part of a house where we spend maximumtime and do many activities like reading books, watching TV, it isthe place where we eat, where we entertain ourselves, wherewe all get together.
The living room may have southern or south eastern aspect. Thesun is towards south during winters and as such the living roomwith southern aspect would have the advantage of sunshine
during winter and obviate sun during summer.
LIVING ROOM
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Fig1 -Minimum Clearances , Circulation , and Conversation area for Living Rooms.
Living Areas
Typical furniture group in theliving and or family roomsare as follows:
1. Primary conversation group:chairs and sofa groupedaround a fireplace, windowor view
2. Secondary conversationgroup: chairs and love seat atthe end of room or an thecorner
3. Reading groups: chair,ottoman, lamp table
4. Writing or study group: desk,lamp, one or two chairsbookcases
5. Music group: piano, benchstorage space
6. Game group: game table andfour chairs
7. Media group: homeentertainment center andseating for several people
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Fig2 -Minimum Clearances , Circulation , and Conversation area for Living Rooms
Secondary Activities
Space FunctionPrimary and SecondaryActivities that usually takeplace in Living Rooms or Spaceare Follows:
Primary Activities
1. Entertainment2. Watching television3. Listening music4. Reading5. Writing6. Studying7. Relaxing8. Resting9. Children's play area
1. Dancing2. Hobbies and craft3. Eating4. Sewing5. Playing music6. Parting7. Using home
computer internet
To kitchen
To sleeping
10 diameter converse
section area
36 for traffic way30 for desk
To kitchenand dining Entrance Entrance
Main Traffic Through Living Area Main Traffic Through Living Area
Main Traffic by Passes Living Area Main Traffic Through Living Area
To Kitchen
10' diameter conversation area
36" traffic way
36" for main traffic way
10' diameter conversation area
36" traffic way
30" to use desk
30" to use desk
36" traffic way
30" to use desk
closet
To kitchen
Entrance
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Furniture Clearances
Fig5 Recommended Clearances for general access (2 to 10 Feet) and Limited Access ( 2 Feet)
Fig6 Recommended Clearances for limited access between a table and furniture(2 feet)
Fig7 Recommended Clearances for grouping of seats for social interaction(8to 10 feet)
Fig8 space for television viewing. The television set should be place where the section will not reflect light and where it can be seen from the main seating group
To issue adequate space forconvenient use offurniture in the livingarea the followingclearances should beobserved:
1. 60 inches betweenfacing seating
2. 24 inches wherecirculation occursbetween furniture
3. 30 inches for desk area4. 36 inches for main
circulation5. 60 inches between home
entertainment center
and seating
Seating arranged around a 10-foot diameter circle fig no. 1makes a comfortable groupingfor conversation. Fig no. 2indicates clearances,circulation and conversationareas.windows should not be in this direction
There should be no through circulation in
this area
-
KITCHENAnthropometrics Planning Paper
-
kitchen is the room that is used for cooking and preparing food.A Kitchen should as far as possible have eastern aspect so thatrising sun would purify and refresh the air and the kitchen
would remain cool during the remaining part of the day.
KITCHEN
-
Knee Level 20
Outward ReachLeft Hand 33
Waist Level 421/2
Shoulder Level 54
Eye Level 62
Height 66 1/2
Maximum
upward reach 78
Comfortable
upward reach 75
Shelves visible
from eye level 62
Reach downward 28(one hand)
bottom of sink 32 1/2
Ironing board 35
Fig1 Standard dimensions of kitchen area.
The height of a kitchen workcounter, the properclearance between cabinets or appliances forcirculation, the accessibility to overhead orundercounter storage, and proper visibility areamong the primary considerations in the design ofcooking spaces. All must be responsive to humandimension and body size if the quality of interfacebetween the user and the components of theinterior space are to be adequate. In establishingclearances between counters, the maximum bodybreadth and the depth of the user of large body sizemust be taken into account as well as theprojections of appliances. Refrigerator doors,cabinet drawers, dish washing machine doors andcabinet doors all project to some degree in theiropen position into the space within which the usermust circulate and must be accommodated.Standard kitchen counter heights manufactured areall about 36 or 91.4cm.
Figure 1provides some general anthropometrics data forestablishing basic height of cabinetry and appliancesabove the floor.
-
Wall Oven
Min
. co
un
ter
spac
ere
qu
ired
fo
r ei
ther
sid
e of ra
nge
Stan
dar
d W
idth
Min
. co
un
ter
spac
e
req
uir
ed f
or
eith
ersi
de
of
ran
ge
Stan
dar
d W
idth
Wall Oven Work zone
Min
. co
un
ter
spac
ere
qu
ired
to
on
e si
de
of
Ove
n
A
B
B
F
G
D
H
Range
Line of Hood above Range
Line of wall cabinets above
Min. clearance between appliances
Fig:3- Range Center
A 48 Min. 121.9 Min
B 40 101.6
c 15 38.1 min.
D 21-30 53.3-76.2
E 1-3 38.1 Min
F 15 min. 121.9 Min
G 19.5-46 49.5-116.8
H 12 min. 30.5 Min
I 17.5 max. 44.5 max.
J 96-101.5 243.8-257.8
K 24-27.5 61.0-69.9
L 24-26 61.0-66
M 30 76.2 Min
N 60 Min. 152.4 min.
O 36-36-25 88.9-92.1
P 24 Min. 61.0 Min
Q 35 Max. 88.9 MAX.
-
PN
O
Q
Boiler
Range
Stan
dar
d h
eigh
t
Wall Oven Work zone
Fig:3- Range Center (Side View)
L
BI
M
B
Storage for rarely Used items only.
Standard Depth
Circulation clearance
Range Work zoneVentilationHood
K A
Min. clearance between appliancesStandard Depth
Wall Oven
A 48 Min. 121.9 Min
B 40 101.6
c 15 38.1 min.
D 21-30 53.3-76.2
E 1-3 38.1 Min
F 15 min. 121.9 Min
G 19.5-46 49.5-116.8
H 12 min. 30.5 Min
I 17.5 max. 44.5 max.
J 96-101.5 243.8-257.8
K 24-27.5 61.0-69.9
L 24-26 61.0-66
M 30 76.2 Min
N 60 Min. 152.4 min.
O 36-36-25 88.9-92.1
P 24 Min. 61.0 Min
Q 35 Max. 88.9 MAX.
-
U kitchen. L kitchen.
Corridor kitchen. Broken U kitchen.
T and C
D W S S
D W S S
T and C
Perimeter 20
M W
CT OV P
T and C
D and C
D W S S
R
P
Perimeter 18
STORGE LS
Range
T and C
D and C
D W S S R
PP
Perimeter 23
M W
Eating Bar
D W S S
R
P
Eating bar
Perimeter 18
M W
FIG. Different types of kitchen plans.
-
zero bedroom kitchenette. Two bedroom living unit kitchens.
Two bedroom living unit kitchens. Two bedroom living unit kitchens.
FIG. minimum frontage for various kitchens.
-
FIG. minimum frontage for various kitchens.
Three bedroom unit.
Four bedroom unit. Minimum edge distance.
One bedroom kitchenette.
-
Kitchen for small single family houses or apartment units.
Typical cabinet dimensions
Minimum Distances from appliancesTo inside corners of base cabinets.
Flow of work in food preparation.
-
Fig- Minimum counter width dimensions
Refrigerator
At Openingside
Mix
Sink
Left side Right side
Serve
Range
At either .side
Dishwasher (Front opening)
9 either side(if storage nearby)
PlanningDesk
-
Mix center counter
Wall Oven
Bottom of sink
Maximum reach for Vertical storage
Fig. Comfortable working heights
Maximum height of Window for supervision of yard
Lap Table
-
Counter
Space for one worker
Counter
Space in front drawer
Counter
Sink
Adjacent to Sink
Fig: Minimum clearance-vertical and horizontal
Range
Sink
Minimum width of passes
CounterRange
SinkCounter
Minimum clearanceWherever 2 people May be working at same time.
-
Sink
Above sink
RANGE
Above range
Base-cab
Above base cabinet
Kitchen lighting
Fig Storage and Cabinets
-
BEDROOMAnthropometrics Planning Paper
-
BedroomSpace function-
Primary and secondary activities
that usually take place in bedrooms
are as follows:
Primary Activities:
Sleeping
Dressing
Storing Clothes
Personal Care
Secondary Activities:
Reading
Writing
Studying
Working
Watching TelevisionHome computing/ Internet
Listening to music
Childrens play
Caring for infants
Ironing
Telephoning
Drawing and Painting
Sitting and Entertaining
Exercising
Resting and convalescing
Hobbies and craft
Storing bulky items and seasonal
clothes
Bed side table
Double dresserSingle dresser
Space for dressing
Single bed
Double bed
-
Fig. Double occupancy bedroom(netare a 160sq.ft). The most likelyoccupants of this type of bedroom are adults , school-age children ofthesame gender , children of differentgenders who are less than 9 yearsold, and preschoolers.
Fig. Space for making beds
Fig. single occupancy bedroom in combination with anotherspace(net
area5 square meters). Adults are most likely to be found in this typeofbedroom.
Fig. single occupancy bedroom(netarea 8.5metres).The most likelyoccupants of this bedroom are elderly people, adults, teenagers andpreadultchildren(i.e.school age children 9 to 12 years).
1.Single-occupancy
bedrooms, which
will accommodate
on single bed.
2.Double-occupancy
bedrooms ,which
will accommodate
on double beds.
Furniture Requirement :There are minimum requirements for furniture and space if occupants are to able to carry out their normal bedroom activities .
There are two basic types of bedrooms:
-
Fig .Access between beds.
Fig. Double occupancy bedroom(netare a 160sq.ft). The most likelyoccupants of this type of bedroom are adults , school-age children of the
same gender , children of differentgenders who are less than 9 years old ,
and preschoolers.
Fig .Access between bed and closet and between beds and
walls.fig .Access between bed and dresser and between bed and desk
Clearances:Clearances should be provided in front of and around furniture of bedrooms so that primary activities can take place effectively comfort (fig. 1 to 11). In some cases, greater clearances are required to satisfy the needs of elderly people, wheelchair users, and with disabilities.
-
DINING AREAAnthropometrics Planning Paper
-
Secondary Activities1.Childrens play2.Reading3.Writing4.Studying and homework5.Entertainment6.Board games
The principal factors to be considered inplanning the diningArea are as follows:
Number of persons to be seatedSpace for chairs and for passage behind themSpace used at the table.Storage space for china, glassware silver ,and linen.
Space FunctionPrimary and Secondary Activities thatusuallytake place in Living Rooms or Space areFollows:
Primary Activities1.Setting the table2.Serving food3.Eating4.Cleaning up after meals5.Storing dishes
Fig. 1. Size of place eating Fig. 2. Passage behind chairs Fig. 3. leaving the table
Fig. 5. Access behind a chair in throughcirculation space
21-2925 recommended
Fig. 4. limited access behind a chair in corner circulation space
-
Size of place setting :The minimum width needed for each placesetting is 21 inches. How ever a width of up of29 inches is desirable for greater freedom ofmovement. A 25- inch width is usually adequate;this permits chairs 19 inches wide to be placed 6inches apart. The minimum depth for placesetting is 14 inches. These dimensions allowspace for china, glassware, silver, and elbow
extension(see Fig:1)
Passage Behind Chairs:The minimum space recommended for passagebehind chairs in 22 inches, a satisfactory rangeis 22 to 25 inches. If passage behind the chairsis not required, a minimum of 5 inches plus thedepth of the chair must be provided forpushing back chair when leaving the table( seeFig; 2 to 4)
Size of Table:The minimum width recommended is 36inches: a satisfactory width is 36 inches to 44inches. If 25 inch-wide place settings areprovided and if one person is seated at eachend of the table, then minimum andrecommended lengths are as follows:
Fig7 Access behind a chair and cabinets or appliances
Fig8 Recommended net area for 2- persons household( 8.84 square meters)
Fig6 Access behind the table and wall
Fig8 Recommended net area for 8 persons household( 13.87square meters)
-
Fig5 Dining room for 6 person household Fig6 Dining room for 8 persons household
Fig7 Minimum clearances for dining areas(A) one of the table against wall (b) serving from one end and side of the table
Fig8 Minimum clearances for dining areas(A) one of the table against wall (b) serving from one end and side of the table
42 for serving behindchairs
42 for Serving behind chairs
32 for chairsPlus accessTo living room
32for Chairs plus access
38for Chairs plus access
42 for serving
38 for chairs plus passage
To living room
To kitchen
To living room
42 for Servingbehindchairs
To kitchen
42 for serving
To kitchen
38for Chairs plus access
Pers
ons
Minim
um
inches
Recomm
ended,
inches
4 54 60
6 79 84
8 104 108
10 129 132
12 154 156
If no one is seated at either end ofthe table, the length may bereduced by approximately 4 inches.
Space for total dining areaWith the same conditions notedpreviously and with an ample 42inch space for passage on all sidesof a 42 inch wide table, requiredsizes are as follows:
Per
so
ns
W X L,
Feet
=Area,
Square
Feet
4 10 X 12 =126
6 10 X 14 =147
8 10 X 16 =168
10 10 X 18 =189
12 10 X 20 =210
-
BATHROOMAnthropometrics Planning Paper
-
Circulation zone
Activity zoneMirror and medicine cabinet
Lavatory
E
F
CB
A
F
IN CM
A 48 121.9
B 30 76.2
C 19-24 48.3-
61.0
D 27 MIN 68.6
min
E 18 45.7
F 37-43 94-
109.2
G 72
MAX.
182.9
max
H 32-36 81.3-
91.4
I 69
MAX.
175.3
max
J 16-18 40.6-
45.7
K 36-32 66.0-
81.3
L 32 81.3
M 20-24 50.8-
61.0
Fig1- lavatory male anthropometric considerations.
C
D
G
Mirror and medicine cabinet
Activity zone
Mirror and medicine cabinet
Lavatory
Vanity storage
C
HJLM
Vanity storage
Lavatory
Mirror
Light fixture
Fig:2- lavatory female and child anthropometric considerations.
-
In cm
A 15-18 38.1-45.7
B 28-30 71.1-76.2
C 37-43 94.0-109.2
D 32-36 81.3-91.4
E 26-32 66.0-81.3
F 14-16 35.6-40.6
G 30 76.2
H 18 45.7
I 21-26 53.3-66.0
In cm
A 54 137.2
B 12 30.5
C 42 min 106.7 min
D 18 45.7
E 36 min 91.4 min
F 30 76.2
G 24 61.0
H 12 min 30.5 min
I 15 38.1
J 40-48 101.6-121.9
K 40-50 101.6-127.0
L 72 min 182.9 minMinimum shower clearancesDouble lavatory clearances
A
CB
G
E
D
F
Temporary storageHorizontal grab bars
Shower head controls
Vertical grab bars
Circulation access/zone
Seat
-
Var
ies
AE
C
FVaries
HVariesAA
In cm
A 12 min 30.5 min
B 28 min 71.1 min
C 24 min 61.0 min
D 52 min 132.1 min
E 12-18 30.5-45.7
F 12 30.5
G 40 101.6
H 18 45.7
I 30 76.2
Water closet Bidet and water closet
I
Var
ies
Var
ies
Var
ies
shelf
Activity zone
Activity zone
circulation zone
Toilet paper dispenser
Line of wall of obstruction
Towel bar
Soap holder
bidet
WC
-
1. Shower curtain rod: keep within insideof tub or shower.
1a. Enclosure doors: if swingingdoors are used, place hinges on the sideopposite control valves.2. Shower head: see elevation of tub and
shower stall for recommended heights.3. Grab bars shall be manufactured of
shatter- resistant material, free fromburrs, sharp edges and pinch points.Knurling or slip-resistant surface isdesirable.
4. Recessed soap dish shall be free fromburrs and sharp edges where grab baris an integral part of the soap dish, itmay have minimum length of 6 inches.
5. Faucet shall be manufactured ofshatter-resistant material, free fromburrs and sharp edges. All faucet setsin showers, tubs and lavatories shall beequipped with the water mixing valvedelivering a maximum watertemperature.
6. Showers stall light: shall be of a vaporproof fixture with the electrical lightswitch a minimum of 72 inches awayfrom shower stall.
-
AB
C
D
PLAN Elevations
A B
C D
-
Fig. Minimum half bath.16 sq. ft is about minimum for standard fixtures; 4-6 X 4-6 gives a more spacious feeling.
Fig Generous half bath.22.5 sq. ft is a generous half bath. A wall hung lavatoryinstead of a vanity squeezes into 2-6 width and 16.3 sq. ft.
Fig. Corner toilet in a half bath.A corner toilet and a small lavatory fit 13.5 sq. ft. considerthis idea for installing a half-bath in a closet or under astairway.
Fig. Corner shower.A corner shower, toilet and lavatory fit in 33 sq. ft. very littlestorage space available.
Activities commonly performed in the bathroom include washing of hands, face and hair, bathing, elimination and grooming, and also such activities as hand laundering and infant care. Often it is also used as a dressing room. Major problems in bathroom design includes planning for optimum convenience and privacy of all bathroom functions for all members of the household, adequate provision for storage of supplies and equipment, and ease of cleaning.Some general planning guides are as follows:
ArrangementFacilities should be conveniently arranged, with special attention given to clearances. The room arrangement should permit more than one family member to use its facilities at a same time.
-
Fig. small,3-fixture bathroom.A small 3-fixture bathroom with limited storage in a built-in vanity meetsbasic bathroom requirements in a space 37.5 sq. ft. The door is 32 wide fora person with a cane or crutches. This bathroom is too small for awheelchair.. c
Fig. Two lavatory bathroom.A 2- lavatory bathroom with adequate room at the toilet andeach lavatory . Note storage space under the lavatories and in afloor-to-ceiling unit. Area:63 sq. ft..
Fig. separate tub and shower.
This plan also includes a bidet. Storage is in the 48 long vanity. Area:75.3 sq. ft.
Fig. large shower.A generous 33x 48 shower is featured in this 32 sq. ft bathroom. Storage is under the 30 vanity and on shelves
over the toilet.
IlluminationLighting should be adequate for all of the activities performed. For grooming, direct sources of light are essential in order to illuminate the face from all angles. High strip windows, clearstory windows and skylights provide excellent over all illumination in the day time while still affording privacy.
VentilationGood ventilation is essential in bathroom, both to reduce humidity and dispel odors. If a window is relied upon as the sole means of ventilation, care should be taken in its selection and placement to minimize drafts and to permit easy access. Exhaust fans in the wall or the ceiling are often used to supplement natural ventilation. In interior bathroom spaces, a mechanical exhaust is essential and required by code.
-
Sound ControlLack of acoustical privacy is one ofthe most common complaintswith regard to bathrooms. Noisecan be reduced by properplacement of the bathroom inrelation to other spaces, by theuse of closets and storage walls assound barriers between it andadjacent spaces, and by the use ofsoundproof partitions and tightlyfitted doors. Acoustical treatmentof the ceiling makes the roommore comfortable to use andreduces somewhat the amount ofsound transmitted through thewalls.
StorageAdequate storage should beprovided for current and reservesupplies. Articles in current useshould be located near their placeof first use. A closet opening frombathroom and hallway or laundryis convenient for such items asbathroom linen and cleaningsupplies. Medicine cabinetsshould be large enough to hold anumber of toiletries andmedicines. Hamper space isdesirable for soiled linen andclothes. Install a cabinet with aself-contained hamper, or, in twostory houses, install a chute fromthe second floor to the laundry.
Fig. Corner square tub.Although not usually a space saver, a square tub fits somesituations better than a rectangular one. This 3-fixture bathroom
has excellent storage but is only 59.5 sq. Ft.
Fig. Large 3-fixture bathroomWith fixtures in separate compartments, this layout can replace a second bath by accommodating more than one person at a time. It is a large as two bathrooms but costs less because of fewer fixtures and less plumbing. Area:106 sq. ft. plus hallway storage.
Fig. Four-fixtures, two compartmentsThree people can use this bathroom at the same time. Consider apocket door between the compartments. Even with generousstorage space it takes only the same space as many non-compartmented bathrooms, about 80.5 sq. ft.
Fig. Five fixtures, three compartmentsThis bathroom serves as two full bathrooms in 87sq. Ft. twodoors to each compartment are undesirable. Limited storagespace available.
-
INTERIOR DESIGNResidential Space Planning
To design any residential spacewith designing and effectiveplanning, we need to payattention to all aspects neededto design any residential space,say it aspect, prospect,anthropometrics and ergonomics
Here is my Space planning of a
RESIDENTIAL SPACE
,ventilation,daylighting,orientation.
-
RESIDENTIAL SPACE PLANNING
Residential space planning is an integral part of the Interior design process. Space planning helpsto use the space effectively and efficiently. The results of space planning can provide a basis fordeveloping interior architectural elements and furnishing of interior spaces.
It is a process that follows a systematic and coordinated methodology including research, analysisand integration of knowledge into the creative process to satisfy the needs and resources of theclient.
Design a space Where a man does not adjust the house but the house must adjust with theperson coined by a very well known designer Le Corbusier.
Machines For Living
-
We Have To Do A Space Planning For A Client Mr. Bose Who Is A Marketing Manager Of One OfThe Fashion Brands Levis.He Has A Family Of 2 Children In The Age Group 10 & 16 Years Both Boys, Wife Who LovesGardening And Is Very Fond Of Creating Bonsai Plants.We Are Suppose To Design A Open Plan For This Family Where The Plot Size Given Is 300sq YardsAnd The Requirements Been: Living Room Kitchen Master Bedroom Childrens Bedroom A Space For The Lady Of The House To Work With Plants And Display The Same. They Require Terrace Garden & They Love More Of Lighted Up Spaces Which Are Bright And
Lively. A Small Office Zone Needs To Be Provided For Mr. Bose In Master Bedroom We Need To Pay Extra Attention To The Space Planning For Mrs. Bose For Doing Gardening
Work
CASE STUDY
-
SYNOPSIS OF MY PLAN
I had also paid attention to the elements and principles of design. Whenever we design any spacewe need to pay attention to Form Follows Function.
During my 1st year of Degree Program I have studied about how to do a Residential Space Planning,I have designed a residential space for my client Mr. Bose, keeping into mind his requirement andspace provided. Building orientation Site location Building envelope day lighting ventilation proximity of things. Louis Kahn's Principle of Space Planning. Aspects and prospects Approach Anthropometrics and ergonomics.
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
2D groundfloor Plan
Powder room
66 x 52
Living room
154x112
vestibule
7x8Sitting area
112 x 8
Kitchen
74 x 8
Deck and water body
9 x 11
Garden area
15x 136
Garden area
30x15
Specifications:
Location of the site- Dezyne Ecole College,Civil lines, Ajmer.Direction- North facing.Total plot size- L x B= 50 x 54
=2700 sq. feet.Total covered area =910 sq. ft.Total uncovered area = 1103 sq.
exterior cavity wall 1 thick.
interior wall 6 thick.
Window
S
N
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
Groundfloor Top view
Google sketch up file my working process
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
Ground floor 3D render view
Isometric view
Isometric view
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
2D first floor Plan
Total covered area=1275 sq. ft.
Master Bed
room
184 x 154
Children Bed
room
122 x 168
Balcony
Bathroom
84x7
Bathroom
98x8Walk in closet
10 x 7
Specifications:
Location of the site- Dezyne Ecole College, Ajmer.Direction- North facing.Total plot size- L x B= 50 x 54
=2700 sq. feet.
exterior cavity wall 1 thick.
interior wall 6 thick.
window
S
N
-
Top view
Isometric view
Isometric view
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
first floor Top view
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
3D House Top view
Front view
Top view Back view
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
3D House view
left side view
right side view
-
INTERIOR DESIGNResidential Space Planning
To design any residential spacewith designing and effectiveplanning, we need to payattention to all aspects neededto design any residential space,say it aspect, prospect,anthropometrics and ergonomics
Here is my Space planning of a
RESIDENTIAL SPACE
,ventilation,daylighting,orientation.
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
2D House Plan
Main
Entran
ceP
arking
Area
Bed room
12x12
Bed room
12x12Toilet
6x6
Toilet
6x6
Drawing
Room
12x18
Lounge
12x12 Living room
12x12
Veranda
Dining Area
12x9 Kitchen Area
12x9
Total Plot Size:- 54x63
Plot Area:- 3402 sq.ft
Specifications:
Location of the site- Dezyne Ecole College, Ajmer.Direction- North facing.
exterior cavity wall 1 thick.
Window
S
N
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
2D Top Plan
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
2D House Plan
-
I NTERIORArchitecture & Space Planning
House Rendered View
-
WardrobeSpace planning
-
CASE STUDY
I am suppose to design a wardrobe for a client of age group 19 years.
The first step before doing any designing or planning is taking out requirements.
Requirements of my client:
Number of shoes (6 pairs of flat shoes).The other materials with shoes are socks, shoe polish, brushes.Mirror for dressing.Place for keeping cosmetics and perfumes.Place for keeping daily use clothes like salwar suits(10 ), jeans, t-shirts in hanging position (approximately 20 clothes).
Place for keeping woolen clothes(8 cardigans).Place for keeping party wear or special occasion clothes.Place for keeping lingerie.
-
Standard space requirement to be followed for
fullfilling the client requirement.
-
Standard space requirement to be followed for
fullfilling the client requirement.
-
Space required for stocking those requirements.
1. For keeping shoes(6 pairs of flat shoes)
Area needed for keeping one pair of shoe = L x B
=9 X 10=90 sq. inch
Area needed for keeping six pair of shoe = 6 x Area needed for keeping one pair of shoe
=6 x 90 sq. inch
=540 sq. inch or 3.75 sq. ft.
I have given a drawer of size 29x 2 .Six pair of shoes can easily be kept in this size of drawer. I will be keeping them in two horizontal line , 3 shoes
in front after that 3 shoes.
2. Area needed for hanging salwar suits(10)
Space needed for hanging one salwar suit= 4x16 (4 in long and 16 in width.)
Space needed for hanging ten salwar suit= 10 x Space needed for hanging one salwar suit
I have given a hanging space of 14 in length ,2 in breadth and 46 in length.10 pieces of salwar suits can easily be hanged over there.
-
Space required for stocking those requirements.
3. Area needed for keeping woolen clothes(8 cardigans)
Space needed for keeping one cardigans=
1 in length ,1 6in breadth , 3 in height
Space needed for keeping eight cardigans= 8 x Space needed for keeping one cardigan
8 in length, 12 in breadth and 24 in height
I have given two drawers of size= 29 in length , 2 in breadth , 1 in height8 cardigans can be kept in this drawers , one 4 cardigans in one drawer and other 2 in another drawer.
4. Area needed for keeping folded t-shirts
Space needed for keeping one folded t-shirt= 12 in length and 10 in breadth and 2 in height.
I have given one rack of size= 12 in length ,2 in breadth and 8 in heightApproximately 16- 20 tshirts can be kept there.
5. Area needed for keeping folded jeans
Space needed for keeping one folded jeans = 1 in length and 10 in breadth and 3 in height.
I have given one rack of size= 12 in length ,2 in breadth and 8 in heightApproximately 10-12 jeans can be kept there.
-
Space available for space planning:-
Linear space available-L x B = 6 x 2 = 12 sq.ft.
Inner space (volume) available-L x B x H = 6 x 2 x 6 = 72 cu.ft.
-
WARDROBE
COLLAGE
-
To create any design I need to focus on the principles
and elements of design. For the space planning over
here I mainly focused on balance in a design with the
basic element shape which is very rightly said FormFollows Function.In the subsequent slides you will come across the
space planning created by me for my client.
-
Detailing of Wardrobe
-
Detailing of wardrobe
Drawers for keeping
woolen clothes
Basket for keeping clothes for
laundry
Shelf for
keeping
lingerie and
towel
Shelf for keeping
jeans
Shelf for keeping
t-shirts and
toppers
Shelf for
keeping
shirts
Place for hanging
daily wear clothesPlace for hanging
party wear clothes
Place for hanging
salwar suits
Drawers for keeping
socks, handkerchief with
one more separate tray
for keeping jewellery and
accessories.
Drawers for keeping
shoes.
1 2 3
4
56
-
Space for hanging salwar suits.L x B= 14 x 2 =2. 7 Sq. ft.(area)L x B x H = 14 x 2 x 46= 12 cu. Ft.
(volume)
(storage capacity= 10-15 salwar suits)
1. 2. 3.
Space for hanging party
wear clothes.L x B= 15 7/8 x 2 =2.9 Sq. ft.(area)LxBxH =2( 15 7/8 x 2x 26)= 14.2
cu. Ft. (volume)
(storage capacity= 15-20 shirts )
Space for hanging and putting in racks daily
wear clothes and one loundry basket.L x B= 15 7/8 x 2 + 4(1 4 x 2)+12x2=16.15 Sq.ft.(area)
LxBxH =(15 7/8 x 2x 310)+ 4(1 4 x 2x8)+
(12x2x11)=20.16 cu. Ft. (volume)
-
4. 5. 6.
This drawer contains two trays with more
partitions for keeping things.
LxB = 12x 2 + 12 x 14=2.8 sq. ft.(area)
LxBxH= 12x 2 x3+ 12 x 14x 4=2.5 cu. Ft.(volume)
Drawer keeping shoes
LxB =29x2=5.3 sq. ft.(area) 2.8 sq. ft.
29x2=5.3 sq. ft.LxBxH= 29x 2 x9=4.1 cu. Ft.(volume)
(storage capacity= 6-7 pair of shoes)
Drawer for putting woolen clothes
LxB =2(29x2)=10.6 sq. ft.(area)
LxBxH= 2(29x 2 x1)=11 cu. Ft.(volume)(storage capacity= 8 cardigans)
-
Rod for hanging
stoles and
dupattas
Hanger for hanging
clothes.
Tray for keeping
hairdryer and
straigthner
Tray for keeping
perfumes and
lotions.
Tray for keeping
comb and other
cosmetics.
Detailing of wardrobe
7
8
9
10
-
7. 8.
It is one basket for keeping combs and cosmetics like kajal etc.
along with one tray for keeping other cosmetics.
LxB = 5.5 x 5=27.5 sq. in. or o.2 sq. ft.(area of basket)
LxB = 7x5=35 sq. in. or 0.25 sq. ft(area of tray)
LxBxH= 5.5 x 5x6=165 cu. In. Or 0.09 cu. Ft.(volume of basket)
LxBxH= 7 x 5x3=0.07 cu. Ft.(volume of basket)
Tray for keeping perfumes and lotions.
LxB = 13x6=0.6 sq. ft(area of tray)
LxBxH= 13x6x5=0.26cu. Ft.(volume of basket)
-
9. 10.
Tray for keeping hair dryers and straightners
LxB =2( 12x8)=1.4 sq. ft(area of tray)
LxBxH= 2(12x8x5)=0.6 cu. Ft.(volume of basket)
Hooks for hanging clothes.
-
Different concept of placement of doors
Traditional concept Contemporary concept
Traditional concept:-
In traditional concept inset concept of door were used. In this concept the door were
placed inside the main frame and hinges were visible. It has been shown in below image.
Door was placed after the main frame.
This type of hinge was used.
-
Different concept of placement of doors
Contemporary concept:-
In contemporary concept full overlay and half overlay concept of door were used. hinges
were not visible from outside. In half overlay half space of the board was used to place
that door and n the other half space another door was placed. These concepts were also
used in traditional concept but the difference is use of hinges were different and in
traditional concept hinges were visible from outside which is not there in contemporary
concept.
Hinges are not visible
In full over lay.
This type of hinge was used.
-
I have used contemporary concept of
placement of doors in my wardrobe.
Full overlay concept in both corner doors. And half overlay concept in both middle doors
-
Estimation of plywood or board used in making
this wardrobe
Size of one ply or board = L x B
=8X4
1. For outer structure of wardrobe
For back side = 6x6 (6 long and 6 in breadth) For left and right side =2 x (6x2) (6 long and 2 In breadth) For base and top =2x ( 6x2) (6 in length and 2 in breadth)
total size=30x14
-
2. For making inner partitions
Size base side=(14x2) (14 Inlength and 2 in breadth.)Size of back side=46x14(46long and 14 in length)Size right side=(46x2) (46 longand 2 in breadth)
Size base side=2(15x2) (15 Inlength and 2 in breadth.)Size of back side=2(52 x15)(52 long and 15 in length)Size right side= (52x2) (52long and 2 in breadth)
Size of base side=210x 2 (210In length and 2 in breadth.)Size of back side=310x210(310long and 210 in length)Size of left and right
side=2(310x2) (310 long and 2in breadth)
Inner partitions
one board of size 310x25 boards of size 14 x 2
total size=104x48 + 1811x 810 + 144x 810
=437x224
-
2. For making drawers
Size top and base side=(29x2)(29In length and 2 in breadth.)Size of front and back
side=2(9x29)(9 long and 29inlength)
Size of right side= 9x2 (9long and2 in breadth)
There are two drawers of this sizeSize top and base side=(29x2) (29Inlength and 2 in breadth.)Size of front and back
side=2(12x291)long and 29in length)Size of left and right side=2(1x2) (1longand 2 in breadth)
Size of middle division =1x2
Size base side=(14x2)(14In length and 2 inbreadth.)
Size of front and back
side=2(7x29)7 long and29in length)Size of right side= 7x2 (7longand 2 in breadth)
total size=63x96+79x136 +26x69=166x299
-
4.For making doors
Size of one door = 6x16(6 long and 16 in width)Size of four doors= 4 x size of one door
= 4( 6x16)=24x6
Sub total of all =30x14 + 437x224 + 166x299+ 24x6=1141x721
Approximate number of ply or board used in wardrobe=total size /size of one
ply or board
= 1141x 721/8x4
-
Total space I have created:-
Total area= 2. 7 Sq. ft+2.9 Sq. ft+16.15 Sq. ft.+2.8 sq. ft.+5.3 sq. ft.+ 10.6 sq. ft.+0.2 sq. ft.+0.6 sq.
ft.+1.4 sq. ft.
=42.65 sq. ft.
Total volume= 20.16 cu. Ft. +14 cu. Ft. +12 cu. Ft +2.5 cu. Ft.+ 4.1 cu. Ft.+11 cu. Ft.+0.09 cu. Ft. +
0.26 cu. Ft.+ 0.07 cu. Ft. + 0.6 cu. Ft.
=64.78 cu. Ft.
-
For any adult user for a wardrobe the standard size
required is 5 linear feet. Keeping into mind the
requirement of my client and space provided I created
an elevation for my design.
In my design I have utilized 6 linear feet on floor.
-
Orthographic
Projection
Top plan
Isometric view
ElevationsFront elevationBack elevationLeft side elevationRight side elevation
-
Top plan
Left side
elevationRight side elevation
Back elevationFront elevation
Isometric view
Orthographic projection of wardrobe excluding doors.
-
Top plan
Left side
elevation
Right side elevation
Back elevationFront elevation
Isometric view
Orthographic projection of wardrobe including doors.
-
As an interior designer this project on space planning has
made me aware that a space of 6 x 2 x 6 (L x B x H) has been made more functional by creating more space from the space
provided to us. I have created 64.78 cu. Ft. in this space.
-
ELEMENTS OF STYLEInterior Design
-
ELEMENTS OF STYLEToday we are heirs to a legacy of fine building and to a continuing
fascination with the details and stylistic which give our houses their
character. In Britain and US the interest in old houses has become
something of national obsession. Today the houses we live in have
become a major concern and as houses are being developed on human
scale. Today the interiors of house effect our quality of life which we enjoy
there.
I as a student of Interior Design doing my B.SC ID , present a brief
presentation on Aspects of Style from Gothic style, Baroque style, Rococo
style, Neoclassical style, Eclectic style, Arts & Crafts style, Art Nouveau
style and Art Deco style. Interior decorating style are defined for the
characteristics of their time.
Gothi
c
Baroqu
e
Rococ
o
Neoclassic
al
Eclecti
c
Arts &
Crafts
Art
Nouveau
Art
Deco
to
1620
1620-
1700
1700-
1760
1760-1830 1830-
1880
1880-
1900
1900-1920 1920-
1940
Styles & Periods
-
In the subsequent slides , three major styles are
explained. These are:
GOTHIC STYLE
BAROQUE STYLE
ROCOCO STYLE
-
Gothic Style(1600-1620)
-
GOTHIC STYLE
Gothic Period:
Gothic period design was influenced by Roman and
Medieval architecture. Its initial design period was c.1150
to 1550, but saw a revival in the 19th century by the
Victorians.
Gothic design was the first true ecclesiastical style and
was symbolic of the triumph of the Catholic church in
Europe. The new age of soaring cathedrals meant the
initiation of new methods of building, to support this
extreme weight.
-
Style had a religious symbolic base- think of old, ornate
churches and you will be on the right track. Pointed
arches and stained glass in complex trefoil or rose
designs were predominant, exposed, wooden beams,
large, imposing fireplaces, and emulated candle lighting
completed the ecclesiastical style. There was a strong
vertical influence, supported by the high arches and
peaks of the architecture. Light was also important, as
windows grew more and more expansive and light and
air flooded into the once gloomy churches of the
Romanesque period.
Gothic Style
-
Gothic Furniture
Furniture was massive and oak, adorned with Gothic motifs.
Chairs, bed frames, cabinets were sturdy and featured
arches, spiral-turned legs and rich upholstery in dark colors.
Old church furniture such as pews, benches and trestle
tables finish the look. Victorian gothic reproduction and Arts
and Crafts era furniture can be used as an acceptable
alternative, as many of the same motifs crossed over.
Chair BedBed
-
Britain had Oak and Beech as its native timber forfurniture production, but with the discovery of new land
and the establishment of overseas trade, other timber
species suddenly became available:
Prior to 1500, the Gothic Period, teaching and learningof craftsmanship was mostly overseen by the church.
Therefore, most ornamentation on Gothic furniture
follows the lines of ornamental stonework from the
Gothic Churches and buildings.
Oak : 1500-1600
Walnut : 1660-1723
Mahagony : 1715
Satinwood : 1765
-
The carpenter, blacksmith and the turner made thefurniture. It consisted of tables, forms, stools and chests.
The chest was the principal piece as it served not only
as storage, but also a seat or table. Tables generally
were loose boards on top of trestles.
The wealth of the country increased under the stableTudor government and a new middle class was formed
creating a demand for a new form of furniture.
Therefore the 16th Century can be divided into twohalves. The first part, furniture consisted of carving on
gothic framework, stools and forms were the only form
of seating available.
-
Therefore the 16th Century can be divided into two halves.The first part, furniture consisted of carving on gothic
framework, stools and forms were the only form of seating
available.
The second part, new pieces of furniture evolved. Buffetsor sideboards, fold top games tables, taller chests which
doors became cupboards or hutches and the draw leaf
table which is still common today.
Chairs were developed from chests and had upright backlegs, heavy turning and often carved panels
A simple timber planked chest
-
Plank Chest Simple Plank construction by a carpenterand blacksmith. Metal straps and nails were used to hold
the timber together but because of the arrangement of
grain the timber often split. They often had handles to
carry it.
A simple timber planked chest
-
Chest / Partly Framed Chest This was superseded bythe partly framed chest. It used dry pegged construction and
panel fitted into the frame allowed for movement without the
timber splitting. Panels from riven boards were hand
moulded and sometimes carved to give the linenfold effect.The board is cut with a wedge and split.
Built In Seating Early settles accommodated up to sixpeople with simple linen fold panels.
.
Joined or Joyned Chest c1530
-
Gothic
Furniture
-
Gothic Colour
Colours were rich and dark, of
the Victorian era. Purple, ruby, black,
ochre, forest green and gold added
complemented the heavy furniture and
rich design. Wallpaper was ornate and
heavily patterned in natural flowers and
foliage. Also popular was trompe-loeilarchitectural features or stenciled
designs. Walls were painted in flat
colors, to depict stones, and often
covered in wall hangings- especially
tapestries. Obviously stained glass was
a significant feature, and these were
ideally accented with pewter, wrought
iron, suits of armour and candles.
-
Gothic
InfluencesThe church most
heavily influenced
gothic design, and this
medieval
ecclesiastical style
shines strongly
through. Architectural
influences were
mostly from Roman
and Medieval design,
with elaborate carved
wood and open
tracery.
-
In architecture, tracery isthe stonework elements
that support the glass in
a Gothic window. The
term probably derives
from the 'tracing floors' on
which the complex
patterns of late Gothic
windows were laid
out. There are two main
types, plate tracery and
the later bar tracery.
Tracery work
Tracery work
-
Gothic architecture
are mostly found in
churches and
cathedrals.
-
Windows:
Windows were
simple, unglazed
square openings
divided by series of
wooden or stone
mullions. Many of
the houses had
internal shutters .the
grand houses had
glass usage in the
16th century. Smaller
houses has glass
usage from 17th
century.
-
Glass was very
thin and rather
grey in colour
as it was blown
from the crown
glass and then
made
Stained glass
were used
during this time
period.
-
Windows:
During the 16th century the
glass panes were arranged
diagonally later in 17th
century they were arranged
in rectangles.
windows during this period
could not open as they
were fixed and later they
were made openable
because they could make
the mechanism for the
hinges and windows to
open.
-
Gothic
Windows
-
Gothic
Windows
-
Stained Glass
-
StairsStairs were straight
type.in better houses
stairs were in the
centre of the houses.
All stairs were closed
strings .Balustrades
were fixed on
diagonal braces
rather on the steps.
Doglegged and spiralstairs were common.
-
WallsWalls they had flat plasterwork
on bricks and stone and then
they were lime washed.
In some grand houses the
walls had panelling of timber
.panelling was then decorated
by wall hangings (tapestry)
Tapestry were painted cloth or
made on looms with
techniques of weaving .
Carved decoration on panels
were of linen fold pattern .Carved linen fold panel
-
Wainscoting &
paneling
-
FireplaceIn Grand Homes
Fireplaces and Door
Surrounds could be
seen as an elaborate
feature.
-
CeilingsCeilings of upper floor were
coved or coffered and
hammer beam & vaults
ceiling.
FlooringsFloorings used were of
brick, granite, slate, painted
wood floor ,cobble stones
and the floor was then
covered with a rush matting
or carpets. carpets were
generally a luxury.
-
HAMMERBEAM
ROOF
-
Vaults
ceiling
-
Gothic Doors
-
Gothic
architecture
have pointed
arches and
lancet arches.
-
Gothic architecture
is not merely about
ornamentation ,this
style is mostly
found in structural
architecture.
-
Tudor & Jacobean Style
-
Tudor & Jacobean Style
Tudor and Jacobean periodswere seen as turning pointtowards classisized decoration.
Timber framed houses werereplaced by reconstruction withstone and brick.
Fireplace was a dominantelement in the style of theroom.
They never used fabrics in theeating zone as they tended toretain smell of food. They usedplastered walls in eating zone.
-
The principal buildingmaterials used by them werestone, brick and timber.
The interior door hadelaborate decorateddevelopments like that offireplace.
External doors were made ofplanks upto 26(65 cms) wideand were usually oak.
The planks were fastened byhorizontal battens reversewith the nail heads beingexposed to give decorativefinish.
-
Long galleries todisplay portrait
photos.
Gilt detailinginside and outside
the home.
Geometriclandscaping in the
back of the home.
-
FRONT DOOR
-
Use of glasswas seen in
small and large
houses. Bigger
windows without
shutters
admitted more
light and
provided
incentive for
carved, or
painted
decoration
inside the room.
-
Coffered ceilings andhammerbeam ceiling were used.
-
COFFERED
CEILING
-
HAMMERBEAM
ROOF
-
CORBELS
-
Tapestries serving a triplepurpose of keeping out chill,
decorating the interior, and
displaying wealth.
-
Tudor
Furniture
Wooden box in tudor style
Wooden box in tudor style
Chair in tudor style
Cupboard in tudor style
-
Baroque Style(1625-1714)
-
BAROQUE STYLE
This architectural style
originated in late 16th-century
Baroque style period is famous
for its ornamental and artistic
work.
-
Baroque period had
elaborate doors
specially the front door.
These door were
positioned on top of the
steps.
There were often
canopied by shell or
placed on a porch.
Columns were most
expensive frame to a
door.
Entrance
-
Doors were
large and had
only two panels
,later 4-6
panels could be
seen in their
design.
Doors
-
The hinges
on the door
were very
ornamental.
Doors
-
BAROQUE
DOOR
-
The windows of the
Baroque period were like
doors (front door)styled
very elaborately.
Curtains were very less.
Windows
-
Circular and oval windows
were a feature of this
period.
Windows
-
Staircase was made of
wood commonly oak and
was closed string forms.
Balustrades were
twisters. Doglegged and
spiral stairs were
common.
Staircases
In better houses, the
stairs were a luxury and
also a status. They used
stairs in the center of the
house in the central hall.
-
The ceiling of this period
was not plastered and were
more of coffered style.
Ceiling
-
The rich people had
plastered ceilings from the
under side of the wooden
floor above. The junction
between the ceiling and the
wall were marked by
cornice.
Ceiling
-
Baroque houses had stone
flag floors, marble were
used in two or more colors
so that they produced
illusionistic pattern. The
surface appeared to vary in
depth.
Floors
-
The floor patterns had
parquet or even marquetry
patterns.
Floors
-
Woven carpets from
eastern Mediterranean
was considered very
expensive and were
used in the houses .
Carpets were luxurious
on wooden floor.
Floors
-
Walls were patterned by
means of painted stencils.
Later , they were replaced
by block printed papers(
the first wallpapers).Rich
owners covered their walls
with woven or painted
fabric hanging.
Walls
-
Wood paneling
termed as
wainscot was a
fashionable
form of wall
lining.
Oak wood was
sometime
painted to
resemble
walnut or like
marble.
Walls
-
Balconies reflected the
status of the house and its
owner.
Balconies were of ironwork.
Balconies
-
Hanging lights with
candles.
Lighting
-
Ornamental work
-
S and C scrolls were
famous.
Furniture
-
Furniture
-
Fireplace
The fireplaces were very
beautiful, the over mantle
was done exquisitely.
-
Rococo Style(1700-1760)
-
ROCOCO PERIOD
Late Baroque is
an 18th century
artistic movement
& style. It
developed in
Paris, France as a
reaction against
the grandeur and
strict designs of
Baroque, as seen
in the palace of
Versailles.
Palace of Versailles
-
ROCOCO STYLE
Rococo style used light
columns, graceful approach,
asymmetrical design(one half
of the design doesn't match
the other half).
-
ROCOCO MOTIFS
Acanthus leaves motifs could be seen during this time
period.
Acanthus leaf
motif
-
ROCOCO FURNITURES
S and C scrolls were common in this time period.
Lengthened cushion back can be seen on the chairs.
Mahogany wood was used.
-
ROCOCO FIREPLACES
Glass was used on the fireplaces.
-
Early Georgian Style(1714-1765)
-
Doors:
Door is the
principle
ornamental feature,
panelled doors
were very tall and
later had a fanlight.
The front door was
painted in dark
colours or they
were grained to
imitate wood. They
had handsome ring
handles.
Fanlight
-
Doors:
-
Doors:
-
Windows:
Casement windows were used, mainly double hung
windows.
Mainly softwood was used which was protected by white
lead paints. This paint work was a typical Georgian work.
-
Walls:
Wooden panelling was seemed in three part division,
frieze ,field & dado and they derived all this from the
proportions of architecture, column and base of a
classical order.
-
Walls:
Wooden panelling
was done to the full
height of the room, so
less expensive wood
was used. And they
were painted with flat
oil paint with very
fancy effects. The
walls were decorated
with tapestry
stretched on silk
brocade, wallpapers
were used ,cornices
were ornamented.
-
Ceilings:
This period had elaborate
painted ceilings and these
painted ceilings had scene
from court of arms. There
were geometric patterns
taken up on ceilings.
-
Ceilings:
-
Floors:
Wood floor planks
were mainly used
(oak). Oriental
carpets and English
Turkey and floral
carpets were
fashionable floor
coverings. People
used floor cloth in
dining rooms. The
patterns were mainly
set in diagonal and a
times gave illusion on
a floor.
-
Floors:
-
Staircase:
The staircase
during his time
were very
simple and were
more of open
string.
-
Lighting:
Enclosed lanterns were used with an oil lamp inside .
-
M