22/04/23 1

Bethan W. Jones

Principal Speech & Language Therapist

Prif Therapydd Iaith a Lleferydd

SLI Provision through the medium of Welsh

Darpariaeth AIP trwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg

SLI Specific Language Impairment

AIP

Anhwylder Iaith Penodol

What is SLI?

Beth yw AIP?

What is Communication?Beth yw Cyfathrebu?

Communication entails giving and receiving messages.

It requires a speaker & a listener.

There are many skills involved in sucessful communication.

Mae cyfathrebu yn ddibynnol ar rhoi a derbyn negeseuon.

Mae angen siaradwr a gwrandawr.

Er mwyn cyfathrebu yn llwyddianus mae angen meistroli nifer o sgiliau.

What is Communication?Beth yw Cyfathrebu?

SYNIAD!IDEA!

Dewis a Dweud GeiriauChoose and Say Words

Dewis a Dweud BrawddegauChoose and Say Sentences

Siarad yn glirSpeak Clearly

Siarad yn AddasSpeak Appropriately

EdrychLook

Gwrando a Thalu SylwListening and Attention

Cofio - CôfRemember - Memory

Deall GeiriauUnderstand Words

Deall BrawddegauUnderstand Sentences

“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”“Reading between the lines”

Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”Expressive Language “The Speaker”

Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”Understanding Language “The Listener”

SLI SLI AIPAIP

LanguageLanguage – difficulties with one or more components of the chain.

ImpairmentImpairment – inability to develop language skills at the same rate or same order as peers.

SpecificSpecific – language is the primary difficulty; and it’s not caused by learning difficulty or hearing impairment.

IaithIaith – anhawster gydag un neu fwy o elfennau’r gadwyn.

AnhwylderAnhwylder – nid yw iaith yn datblygu ar yr un pryd a’i gyfoedion, nac yn yr un drefn.

PenodolPenodol – iaith yw’r brif broblem; ac nid yw’n cael ei achosi gan anabledd dysgu na diffyg clyw.

When I was first asked to present on SLI and welsh speaking children I wondered “Why me?”, what do I know about it.

When I thought about it I realised that, actually I did know something about it.

Pan ofynnwyd i mi wneud cyflwyniad ar AIP a phlant Cymru Cymraeg, teimlais “Pam fi?”, be’ dwi’n ei wybod am y peth.

Ond wedi meddwl, sylweddolias fy mod yn gwybod tipyn am y maes.

Have worked in Language Resource Centres in Wales for 19 years, therefore with SLI children for 19 years.

Am currently clinical lead for SLI in BCUHB (West).

Dwi wedi gweithio mewn Canolfannau Iaith yng Nghymru ers 19 mlynedd.

Ar hyn o bryd fi yw arweinydd clinegol AIP ym BIPBC (Gorllewin)

Upon more thought I decided to look for the research on Welsh & SLI.

So I duly put “specific language impairment” & “Welsh” into a search engine.

And found………

NOT A LOT

• Wedi meddwl pendefynais chwilio am yr ymchwil ar AIP a’r Gymraeg.

• Felly fe wnes i “rhoi anhwylder iaith penodol” a “Cymraeg” i fewn i chwiliwr gwe.

• A dod o hyd i……

DDIM BYD LLAWER

I had more luck when searching for SLI and bilingulism.

More research is being done in this field now, but I found very little that I could use today.

Cefais mwy o hwyl wrth chwilio am AIP a dwyieithrwydd.

Mae fwy o ymchwil rwan yn cael ei wneud yn y maes yma, ond nid oeddwn wedi gallu dod o hyd i unrhywbeth defnyddiol ar gyfer heddiw.

The research I’ve found suggests that bilingual SLI children tend to have predominantly syntax and morphology difficulties.

Mae’r ymchwil dwi wedi dod o hyd iddo yn awgrymu bod gan plant AIP dwyieithog anawsterau syntacteg a morffolegol yn bennaf.

My personal experience is that Welsh SLI children have the full range of SLI difficulties, similar to their English speaking counterparts. That they are no different.

Yn fy mhrofiad personol i, mae gan plant AIP Cymraeg yr holl anawsterau AIP â sydd gan eu cyfoedion Saesneg. Nid ydynt yn wahanol.

They have just as many• semantic [content]• pragmatic [use]• syntactic [structure]• lexical • phonological [sounds] difficulties as their

English counterparts.

Mae ganddynt gynifer o anawsterau

• semanteg [cynnwys] • pragmateg [defnydd]• syntacteg [strwythyr]• geiriol • ffonolegol [synnau]a’u cyfoedion Saesneg.

I observe/assess at their:• Attention skills• Listening skills• Play skills• Social competence• Social use of language/pragmatic

skills• Ability to name nouns within the

class theme• Ability to name verbs within the

class theme• Concept use [theme]• Short Term Memory skills – digit &

sentence recall • Blank style screening tool [theme]• And I complete an AFASIC checklistRegardless of what language they

speak.

Dwi yn asesu/arsylwi eu:• Sgiliau talu sylw• Sgiliau gwrando• Sgiliau chwarae• Sgiliau cymdeithasol• Defnydd o iaith

gymdeithasol/sgiliau pragmatig.• Gallu i enwi geirfa o fewn

thema’r dosbarth.• Gallu i enwi berfau o fewn

thema’r dosbarth.• Defnydd o gysyniadau [thema]• Sgiliau cof tymor byr – cofio

rhifau a brawddegau• Asesiad scrinio Blank [thema]• Rhestr wirio AFASICMae hyn yn berthnasol pa bynnag

iaith maent yn siarad

It’s only when I assess at their :

• Phonological skills• Syntactic skills will I pay heed to the

language they speak and the consequent rules that govern word order in sentences, and how & what sounds are used in words.

Dim ond pan ydwyf yn asesu eu :•Sgiliau ffonolegol•Sgiliau syntactigY byddaf yn talu sylw i’r iaith maent yn ei siarad a’r rheolau sy’n rheoli ym mha drefn mae geiriau o fewn brawddeg, a sut a pha seiniau sy’n cael eu defnyddio o fewn geiriau.

Welsh SLI children are just as likely to :

• Have comprehension difficulties

• Have word finding difficulties

• Use jargon• Omit verbs from their

sentences• Use telegrammatic

sentences• Have memory deficitsAs their English speaking

counterparts.

Mae plant AIP Cymraeg r’un mor debygol o :

• Gael anawsterau dealltwriaeth

• Gael anwsterau dwyn geiriau i gof

• Defnyddio jargon• Peidio defnyddio berfau o

fewn eu brawddegau• Defnyddio brawddegau

telegramatig• Cael diffygion cofA’u cyfoedion Saesneg

One of the challenges that I face is with resources. There are far many more English than Welsh resources.

Luckily Black Sheep are producing Welsh resources for Speech & Language Therapy.

Bangor University have developed a Welsh vocabulary assessment.

Some Welsh phonology assessments have also been developed- CWLWM & AFfGaM.

Un sialens dwi’n ei wynebu yw diffyg adnoddau. Mae yna lawer mwy o adnoddau Saesneg na Chymraeg.

Yn ffodus mae Black Sheep yn cynhyrchu adnoddau Therapi Iaith a Lleferydd Cymraeg.

Mae Prifysgol Bangor wedi creu asesiad geirfa Cymraeg.

Mae sawl asesiad ffonoleg wedi cael eu creu megis CWLWM ac AFfGaM.

Across BCUHB the provision for welsh SLI children varies.

Some are seen in Language Resources.

Some are seen in mainstream schools.

Ar draws BIPBC mae’r ddarpariaeth ar gyfer plant AIP Cymraeg yn amrywio.

Mae rhai yn cael eu gweld o fewn Canolfannau Iaith.

Mae rhai yn cael eu gweld o fewn ysgolion prif-lif.

The provision can include:

• Training for school staff

• Training for parents

Mae’r mewnbwn yn gallu cynnwys:

• Hyfforddiant i staff yr ysgol

• Hyfforddiant rhieni

The future

Y dyfodol