best of luck to all the aspirants! · (Òemleejevee) sanskrit literature abounds in didactic...

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(English, Marathi & Semi English Medium)

Printed at: India Printing Works, Mumbai

© Target Publications Pvt. Ltd.

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical

including photocopying; recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Publisher.

P.O. No. 00777 Balbharati Registration No.: 2018MH0022 TEID: 1489

Based on the New Board Paper Pattern 2019‐20 prescribed by the Maharashtra State Board of

Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, Pune ‐ 04

PERFECT

oMeceer keÀ#ee Deeceeso: mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced

• Based on new Board Krutipatrika pattern.

• Updated as per Megef×He$eced

• Includes several ke=Àefles to enhance comprehension and application of concepts.

• Consists of line to line mejueeLe&.

• Includes separate section of uesKevekeÀewMeueced (Writing Skills).

• A dedicated section of Yee<eeY³eeme: with importatnt exercises.

• Comprises of DeHeefþleced section with varied passages and verses.

• Includes Model Krutipatrika for self-evaluation (Answer Key via QR Code).

• Questions from Board Krutipatrika of March 2019 are covered.

• Includes Board Krutipatrika of March 2020.

Salient Features

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Target’s PERFECT Std X Deeceeso: mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced is a book created on the basis of new Board Krutipatrika pattern as prescribed by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research. This book simplifies the Sanskrit course content for students making it not just interesting but also functional in purpose. Target’s PERFECT Std X Deeceeso: mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced has been deftly created with the intention of not only enhancing the students’ language learning abilities such as listening, speaking, reading and writing but also in sharpening their cognitive and creative skills. At the beginning of every chapter in the book we have provided an introduction to the author. We hope this would pique the student’s interest and prompt them to read more as required for the ieÐe and HeÐe sections. Each lesson in the book is divided into small paragraphs. A glossary of Sanskrit words – MeyoeLee&:, line-wise meaning of the lesson – mejueeLe&:, meefvOe: and GHeHeo efJeYeeqkeÌle usage have been included for better understanding and dispelling ambiguity amongst students. ke=Àefle based on DecejkeÀes<e is incorporated under DeJeyeesOeveced section in lessons. The HeeþeOeeefjle: section covers chapter based questions and evaluates the student’s holistic understanding of the lesson. The book also covers Òel³e³es of various word types that have been segregated and highlighted for better understanding. We have also included Yee<eeY³eeme: and uesKevekeÀewMeueced based on the chapter in appropriate sections of the lesson. The `Yee<eeY³eeme:' section has been specifically provided for core concept strengthening. Exercises of various topics of Yee<eeY³eeme are given to help students in exams. The book also covers the concepts of sentence construction required for `uesKevekeÀewMeueced'. The topic `DeJ³e³eeveeb Òe³eesie:' has been added under uesKevekeÀewMeueced in the topic of JeekeÌ³ej®evee-GHeHeo-efJeYeefkeÌle: following new paper pattern. The topic of `mebJeeo-uesKeveced~' under uesKevekeÀewMeueced is given to help in oral exams. Unseen passages and verses for practice have been included in the DeHeefþle section. The eventual part of the book consists of Model ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe that prepare students for the examination and boost their confidence. Model Answer paper for the same can be accessed via Q.R. Code. We hope that students and teachers find this book resourceful and enjoy using it just as much as we enjoyed creating it. The journey to create a complete book is strewn with triumphs, failures, and near misses. If you think we’ve nearly missed something or want to applaud us for our triumphs, we’d love to hear from you. Please write to us at: [email protected]

Best of luck to all the aspirants! From, Publisher Edition: Second

Disclaimer This reference book is transformative work based on ‘Deeceeso: mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced; First Edition: 2018’ published by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune. We the publishers are making this reference book which constitutes as fair use of textual contents which are transformed by adding and elaborating, with a view to simplify the same to enable the students to understand, memorize and reproduce the same in examinations. This work is purely inspired upon the course work as prescribed by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune. Every care has been taken in the publication of this reference book by the Authors while creating the contents. The Authors and the Publishers shall not be responsible for any loss or damages caused to any person on account of errors or omissions which might have crept in or disagreement of any third party on the point of view expressed in the reference book. © reserved with the Publisher for all the contents created by our Authors. No copyright is claimed in the textual contents which are presented as part of fair dealing with a view to provide best supplementary study material for the benefit of students.

PREFACE

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The New Board Paper Pattern prescribed by the State Board has been provided so that the students can get acquainted with the question types, marking scheme, options, word limits etc.

New Board Paper Pattern (veJeerve ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe DeejeKe[e)

FEATURES

oMeceer keÀ#ee – ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe³ee: ÒeeªHeced

DeJeefOe: nesje$e³eced iegCee*dkeÀe: 80

ÒeLece: efJeYeeie:- megiecemebmke=Àleced~ (8)

1. De. ef®e$eb ¢<ìdJee veeceeefve efueKele~ (5 le: 4) (kesÀJeueb oMeceerkeÀ#ee ef®e$eHeokeÀes<ele:~) 1 4 = 4

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Dee. me*dK³ee: De#ejw: / De¹w: efueKele~ (3 le: 2) (He=. ¬eÀ. 7 DeeOeejsCe) 1 2 = 2

F. mece³emlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le~ (He=. ¬eÀ. 4, 5 DeeOeejsCe) 1

2

4 = 2

Total Marks distribution of Deeceeso:~ (mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced) is

explained.

Marks distribution (iegCeefJeYeeieCeer)

Deeceeso:~ (mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced)

Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced

¬eÀ. efJeYeeie: iegCee:

1. megiecemebmke=Àleced 8

2. ieÐeced 20

3. HeÐeced 18

4. uesKevekeÀewMeueced 9

5. Yee<eeY³eeme: 17

6. DeHeefþleced 8

80

¬eÀ.

iegCee:

1. ÞeJeCekeÀewMeueced 5

2. Yee<eCekeÀewMeueced 5

3. mJeeO³ee³e: 1 5


20

Introduction pertaining to a particular lesson and poem is given.

Introduction (ÒemleeJevee) Sanskrit literature abounds in didactic literature like Panchatantra

and Hitopadesh.

This story is taken from the Hitopadesh- a collection of stories

compiled by Pandit Narayan.

There are four sections to the Hitopadesh –

1. Acquisition of a friend 2. Rift between friends

3. Dispute 4. Treaty This story is taken from the section `efce$eueeYe:' which indicates

with whom we must make friends.

Several moral and ethical values are taught through the medium

of animal and bird stories.

ÒemleeJevee

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ieÐeebMe: 1

1

[Deefmle ......................... .................. ’SJecemleg~“]

DeJeyeesOeveced

keÀ. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb / He³ee&³eb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. ce=ie: keÀekeÀ: ®e _______ efveJemele:~

(JewjsCe / mvesnsve)

GÊejced ce=ie: keÀekeÀ: ®e mvesnsve efveJemele:~ 2. SkeÀoe ef®e$ee*die: Jeves _______ Me=ieeuesve DeJeueesefkeÀle:~

(Ye´ceved / Keeoved)

GÊejced SkeÀoe ef®e$ee*die: Jeves Yeceved Me=ieeuesve DeJeueesefkeÀle:~

FEATURES

Chapters have been segregated into extracts with ample activities based on them.

Segregation of chapters into extracts

Translation (Yee<eeblej)

Line to line translation has been provided in English and Marathi of all lessons and poems.

YetHeeue: He=LegJewv³e: veece Oeje³eeb ÒeLece: DeefYeef<ekeÌle: mece´eìd~

King Pruthuvainya was the first crowned emperor on the earth.

jepee He=LegJewv³e He=LJeerJejerue Heefnuee DeefYe<eskeÀ kesÀuesuee meceeì neslee.

Òe³eeie#es$es He=Legve=Hem³e jepeOeeveer Deemeerled~

King Pruthu's capital was in the region of Prayag.

Òe³eeie ³ee efþkeÀeCeer He=Legjepee®eer jepeOeeveer nesleer. jep³eeefYe<eskeÀmece³es ®eejCee: He=Legve=Hem³e mlegefleb ieelegced + GlmegkeÀe:~

At the time of the coronation, the bards (singers) were eager to sing

the praise of King Pruthu.

jep³eeefYe<eskeÀe®³eeJesUer mlegefleHeeþkeÀ He=Legjepee®eer mlegleer ieeC³eeme GlmegkeÀ nesles.

1. ³et³eb keÀeefve mlees$eeefCe peeveerLe?

GÊejced Among the many stotras by Sri Adi Shankaracharya the

stotras that are known are Tripura Sundari Stotram,

Annapurna Stotram, Kalabhairavashtakam,

Krishnashtakam, Gangashtakam, Lalitha Panchakam,

Narmadashtakam and Charpata-panjarika Stotram. Þeer. Deeoîe MebJeÀje®ee³ee¥veer j®euesu³ee DevesJeÀ mlees$eebHewJeÀer ef$eHegjemegbojer

mlees$eced, DevveHetCee& mlees$eced, JeÀeueYewjJee<ìJeÀced, Je=À<Cee<ìkeÀced,

iebiee<ìJeÀced, ueefuelee Heb®eJeÀced, vece&oe<ìJeÀced DeeefCe ®eHe&ìHe¡eefjkeÀemlees$eced

ÒeefmeodOe Deensle.

DeefHe Sleod GÊejle?

Do you know? (DeefHe Sleod GÊejle?)

Questions asked under introduction in the textbook are answered through this section.

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FEATURES

HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~

6. JemegvOeje³ee: Gojs efkebÀ Jele&les? [March 2019]

GÊejced OeveOeev³eeefo meJe¥ Jemlegpeeleb JemegvOeje³ee: Gojs Jele&les~

The questions asked in March 2019 examination have been incorporated along with the answers.

Solved Board Questions (yees[& ke=ÀefleHeef$ekesÀleerue ÒeMve)

Dee³eleuees®evee Wide-eyed (©bo [esUîeeb®³ee)

keÀ©Cee sad (og:Keer)

ie=Oe´ vulture (efieOee[)

ooMe& saw (Heeefnues)

JevemHeefleieleced who had gone into a tree (Pee[ebceO³es yemeuesu³ee)

efJeueHevleer lamenting (efJeueeHe keÀjCeeN³ee)

megog:efKelee very sad (Deefle og:Keer)

A glossary contains meanings of difficult Sanskrit words from the chapters in English and Marathi. For the convenience of students these words are arranged alphabetically.

Glossary (MeyoeLe&)

MeyoeLee&:

2. megoeme: megiele®ejCeeY³eeb keÀceueb efkeÀceLe¥ meceefHe&leJeeved?

GÊejced The story `Decetu³eb keÀceueced~' based on an event in the life of

Gautam Buddha highlights the transformation of Sudas when he

met Lord Sugat.

Sudas wished to sell a lotus to Sugat for a very high price

when he saw two merchants quarelling over who will buy the

lotus to offer it to Lord Sugat. When Sudas went to see Sugat,

he was so overpowered by the lustre of the lord that he lost the

desire to sell the lotus to him and instead overcome with

devotion he offered it at the feet of the Lord.

Answer in medium language (ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejle~)

The textual questions requiring holistic answers have been covered under this title in each chapter.

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FEATURES

Exercises of DeY³eemeHe$eced,

mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe and efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe are

given with solutions.

Solved exercises of DeY³eemeHe$eced

mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe, efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe(1 , 2, 3 Heeþeveeced DeeOeejsCe)

1. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eced / Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~

De. mleJeveb leg ceeveJem³ewJe YeJesled~

GÊejced Demel³eced~

Dee. He=Legjepe: Òepeeefnleo#e: ve=He:~

GÊejced mel³eced~

F. DekeÀmceeled Deeievlegvee men cew$eer ³egkeÌlee~

GÊejced Demel³eced~

DeY³eemeHe$eced - 1 1 DeY³eemeHe$eced~

This section covers all writing skill activities like mebmke=Àlesve DevegJeeob

kegÀ©le~, efveyevOeb efueKele~ etc.

Writing skills (uesKevekeÀewMeu³e)

1. mebmke=Àlesve DevegJeeob kegÀ©le~

¬eÀ. English Marathi Sanskrit

1. Two lions roar

loudly.

oesve eEmen ceesþîeeves

iepe&vee keÀjleele.

Üew eEmenew G®®ew:

iepe&le:~

2. Neha, please sit

down.

vesne, ke=ÀHe³ee Keeueer

yeme. vesns, ke=ÀHe³ee GHeefJeMeleg~

3. You should speak

the truth.

let Kejs yeesueues

Heeefnpesme.

lJeb mel³eb Jeos:~

De. JeeuceerefkeÀ:~

JeeuceerefkeÀ: DeeefokeÀefJe: Fefle ªHesCe Òeefme×: Deefmle~ lesve efJejef®eleb jecee³eCeb ceOegjb

yeesOeÒeob ®e Keueg~ me: Deveg<ìgYedívome: pevekeÀ: Fefle cev³eles~

JeeuceerefkeÀ: HetJe¥ jlveekeÀj veece ¬etÀj: J³eeOe: Deemeerled~ me: DejC³eceeiexCe ie®íleeb

peveeveeb Oeveb njefle mce~ lesve ®e mJem³e peerJeve³eeHeveb keÀjesefle mce~ keÀoeef®eled veejocegves:

GHeosMesve me: kegÀceeie&ced Del³epeled ef®ejkeÀeueb jeceveecve: peHeced DekeÀjesled ®e~

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FEATURES

In this section variety of unseen passages and verses along with activities based on them have been provided for extensive practice.

Unseen prose and poetry (DeHeefþle ieoîeebMe DeeefCe HeoîeebMe)

Òeoes<es oerHekeÀ: ®evê: ÒeYeeles oerHekeÀ: jefJe:~

$ewueeskeÌ³es oerHekeÀ: Oece&: megHeg$e: kegÀueoerHekeÀ:~~

I. keÀ. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejle~

1. Òeoes<es oerHekeÀ: keÀ:?

GÊejced Òeoes<es oerHekeÀ: ®evê:~

Ke. efJeMes<eCeb efueKele~

1. _______ megHeg$e:~

GÊejced kegÀueoerHekeÀ: megHeg$e:~

ie. meceeveeLe&kebÀ Meyob efueKele~

1. oerHekeÀ: lamp (efoJee) = oerHe:~

mce is DeJ³e³e and is used to indicate the past tense.

(`mce' ns DeJ³e³e Demetve YetlekeÀeUe®es oîeeslekeÀ Deens.)

It is written after a ueìduekeÀej-ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced (Present tense verb) eg. ie®íefle mce~

(ueìduekeÀej ef¬eÀ³eeHeoeveblej mce ns DeJ³e³e efueefnues peeles.)

It conveys the meaning of ‘used to’. (³ee®ee DeLe& `Demele/Demes' Demee neslees.)

mce efve<keÀeme³ele~ GoenjCeced

Step 1 Drop mce (mce keÀe{e.) keÀefJe: keÀeJ³eb j®e³eefle mce~

keÀefJe: keÀeJ³eb j®e³eefle~

Step 2 Change the ueìduekeÀej-ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced

to ue*duekeÀej. (ueìduekeÀeje®es

HeefjJele&ve ue*duekeÀejeceO³es keÀjeJes.)

Step 3 Keep Heg©<e: and Je®eveced of the

ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced as it is. (ef¬eÀ³eeHeoe®es

Heg©<e DeeefCe Je®eve lemes®e þsJeeJes.)

This section comprises explanation of grammar concepts and contains ample examples along with exercises.

`mce' efve<keÀeme³ele~

efve<keÀeme³ele~

j®e³eefle = ÒeLece: Heg©<e: SkeÀJe®eveced~

ue*duekeÀej-ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced will be

Dej®e³eled

GÊejced = keÀefJe: keÀeJ³eced Dej®e³eled~

Grammar (Yee<eeY³eeme:)

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FEATURES

In the board exam of Deeceeso: (mecHetCe& - mebmke=Àleced), the marks are

distributed thus-

1. Board ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe 80 Marks

2. Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced 20 Marks

This includes dictation. Any 5 sentences from textbook page no. 101

and 102 will be asked for 5 marks or 10 words from textbook page

no.s 113, 114 will be asked for 5 marks.

Guidelines for Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced~

1. ÞeJeCekeÀewMeueced

The break-up of the 20 Marks for internal assessment, weightage allotted to different skills and guidelines for the same have been provided.

Internal Assessment (Debleie&le cetu³eceeHeve)

A Model Question Paper has been provided for self evaluation. Answer-key for the same can be accessed via QR–Code.

Model Question Paper (vecegvee ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe) DeJeefOe: nesje$e³eced

DeeoMe&-ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe~ iegCee*dkeÀe: 80

ÒeLece: efJeYeeie:- megiecemebmke=Àleced~ (8) 1. De. ef®e$eb ¢<ìdJee veeceeefve efueKele~ (5 le: 4) [4] 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

March 2020 Board question paper

March 2020 Board question paper has been provided.

Board Question Paper (yees[& ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe)

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ÒeLece: efJeYeeie:- megiecemebmke=Àleced~ (8)

1. De. ef®e$eb ¢<ìdJee veeceeefve efueKele~ (5 le: 4) (kesÀJeueb oMeceerkeÀ#ee ef®e$eHeokeÀes<ele:~) 1 4 = 4 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Dee. me*dK³ee: De#ejw: / De¹w: efueKele~ (3 le: 2) (He=. ¬eÀ. 7 DeeOeejsCe) 1 2 = 2

F. mece³emlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le~ (He=. ¬eÀ. 4, 5 DeeOeejsCe) 12

4 = 2

efÜleer³e: efJeYeeie:- ieÐeced~ (20) 2. De. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&äe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (80-100 Meyo³egkeÌle: ieÐeebMe: oeleJ³e:) 7 Dee. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&äe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ 7 ke=Àle³e: 1. DeJeyeesOeveced~ (4 le: 3) 1 3 = 3 keÀ) Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~/

Gef®eleb He³ee&³eb ef®elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ (efjkeÌlemLeeveÜ³eb ÒeäJ³eced) 12 2

Ke) keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle? ie) HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ Ie) JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eced/Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~ ®e) S<e: ieÐeebMe: keÀmceeled Heeþeled G×=le:? í) DecejkeÀes<eeled Meyob ³eespeef³elJee JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 2. Meyo%eeveced~ (3 le: 2) 2

keÀ) 2 OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³es/efJeYekeÌl³evleHeos ef®elJee efueKele~ 12 2

Ke) ÒeÍveefvecee&Ceb kegÀ©le~ (DeOeesjsKeveced DeeJeM³ekeÀced) 1 1

ie) efJeMes<eCeb-efJeMes<³eced~ (ke=Àle³e: - cesueveb kegÀ©le/®e³eveb kegÀ©le/®elegLe&Heob efueKele~) 12 2

Ie) meefvOe:~

(HetJe&Heob efueKele = 12 2, GÊejHeob efueKele 1

2 2, efJeûenb efueKele 1 1, ®elegLe&Heob efueKele 1 1)

®e) uekeÀejb efueKele~ (DeOeesjsKeveced DeeJeM³ekeÀced) 1 1

3. He=LekeÌkeÀjCeced~ 12

4 = 2

keÀ) ¬eÀcesCe ³eespe³ele~ (ieÐeebMe: De) DeLeJee Ke) jsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ (peeuejsKee/Je=#ejsKee/ÒeJeeefn-peeueced/mlecYeHetjCeced/MeyoHesefìkeÀe) (ieÐeebMe: Dee) F. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mejueeLe¥ efueKele~ (2 le: 1) 1 4 = 4 (veeìîemleyekeÀ:, veoermetkeÌleced~) F&. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ (2 le: 1) (kesÀJeueb mJeeO³ee³eeOeeefjleced~) 2 1 = 2

oMeceer keÀ#ee – ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe³ee: ÒeeªHeced DeJeefOe: nesje$e³eced iegCee*dkeÀe: 80

Sample

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tent

le=leer³e: efJeYeeie:- HeÐeced~ (18) 3. De. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&äe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (8-12 He*dkeÌle³e: ÒeäJ³ee:~) 4 1. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&<ìs ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ (3 le: 2) 2 keÀ. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ 1

Ke. HeÐeebMele: efJeMes<eCeb ef®evegle~ (ke=Àle³e:- cesueveb kegÀ©le/®e³eveb kegÀ©le/®elegLe&Heob efueKele~) 12 2 = 1

ie. meefvOe:~ (HetJe&Heob efueKele 12

2, GllejHeob efueKele 12

2, efJeûenb efueKele 1 1, ®elegLe&Heob efueKele 1 1) 1

2. jsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ (peeuejsKee/Je=#ejsKee/ÒeJeeefn peeueced/mlecYeHetjCeced/MeyoHesefìkeÀe) 2 Dee. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ (2 le: 1) (kesÀJeueb mJeeO³ee³eeOeeefjleced~) 2 1 = 2 F. HeÐes Meg×s HetCex ®e efueKele~ (keÀ, Ke le: 1, ie, Ie le: 1) 6 1. keÀ) 4 Heef*dkeÌle³egleb HeÐeced DeLeJee Ke) 4 Heef*dkeÌle³egleb HeÐeced 4 2. ie) 2 Heef*dkeÌle³egleb HeÐeced DeLeJee Ie) 2 Heef*dkeÌle³egleb HeÐeced 2 F&. DevJe³eb Hetj³ele~ (metefkeÌlemegOeele: leLee ³egiceceeueele: SJe DevJe³e: ÒeäJ³e: efkeÀvleg ÍueeskeÀ: ve oeleJ³e:~

4 efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve YeJes³eg:~) 12 4 = 2

G. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mejueeLe¥ efueKele~ (3 le: 2) (Jee®eveÒeMebmee/ceeveJeleeOece&:~) 2 2 = 4

®elegLe&: efJeYeeie:- uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ (9) 4. De. Oeeletveeced DeJ³e³eeveeb ®e GHe³eesieb ke=ÀlJee JeekeÌ³eefvecee&Ceb kegÀ©le~ (6 le: 4) 4 (3 OeeleJe:, 3 DeJ³e³eeefve oeleJ³eeefve~) (efJeefMe<ìefJeYekeÌles: GHe³eesie: DeeJeM³ekeÀ:~)

DeLeJee mebmke=ÀleevegJeeob kegÀ©le~ (6 le: 4) (HetJe&Heefjef®ele-ef®e$eHeokeÀes<em³e Meyo-Oeelegme*dûenm³e ®e DeeOeejsCe 4-6

MeyoelcekeÀeefve JeekeÌ³eeefve ÒeäJ³eeefve~) Dee. 5/7 JeekeÌ³eelcekebÀ efveyevOeb efueKele~ (3 le: 1) 5 efveyevOe:- cece efÒe³e: GlmeJe:/Keie:/keÀefJe:/veslee/HegmlekeÀced/efÒe³ee Yee<ee/Yeejleer³eb Òeefme×b mLeueced~

DeLeJee meene³³ekeÀ-Meyoeveeced DeeOeejsCe 5-7 JeekeÌ³eelcekebÀ ef®e$eJeCe&veb kegÀ©le~

Heáece: efJeYeeie:- Yee<eeY³eeme:~ (17) 5. De. leeefuekeÀeHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ 8

1. veeceleeefuekeÀe~ (6 le: 4) 12

4 = 2 2. meJe&veeceleeefuekeÀe~ (6 le: 4) 1

2 4 = 2

3. ef¬eÀ³eeHeoleeefuekeÀe~ (6 le: 4) (1, 4, 6, 10 ieCele:, leLee Demed, ke=À) 1

2 4 = 2

(ueìd/ue*d/ueesìd/efJeefOeefue*d/ue=ìd Fefle uekeÀejle: kesÀçefHe 3 ÒeäJ³ee:~) 4. OeelegmeeefOele-efJeMes<eCe-leeefuekeÀe~ (6 le: 4) (He=. ¬eÀ. 78) 1

2 4 = 2

Sample

Con

tent

Dee. efveefo&äe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (4 le: 3) 9 1. ³eesi³eb ªHeb efueefKelJee efjkeÌlemLeeveHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ (5 le: 3) 1 3 = 3 (me*dK³eeJee®ekeÀ-¬eÀceJee®ekeÀ-DeeJe=efÊeJee®ekeÀeveeced DeeOeejsCe 5 JeekeÌ³eeefve~) 2. meceemeeveeb leeefuekeÀeHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ (5 le: 3) 1 3 = 3 3. meceeveeLe&keÀMeyoeved/efJe©×eLe&keÀMeyoeved efueKele~ (5 le: 3) 1 3 = 3 4. met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (5 le: 3) 1 3 = 3 keÀ) Jee®³eHeefjJele&veced~ (kesÀJeueb ueìduekeÀej: leLee keÌle/keÌleJeleg - Òel³e³eeOeeefjleced~) Ke) lJeevle/u³eyevle-DeJ³e³eb efve<keÀeme³ele~ ie) mce efve<keÀeme³ele~ Ie) `lJeb' mLeeves `YeJeeved/YeJeleer' DeLeJee `YeJeeved/YeJeleer' mLeeves `lJeb' ³eespe³ele~ ®e) Je®eveb/uekeÀejb HeefjJele&³ele~ í) efCepevleb kegÀ©le/ efve<keÀeme³ele~

<eÿ: efJeYeeie:- DeHeefþleced~ (8) 6. De. ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (6 le: 4) 4 (60-80 Meyo³egle: mejue: ieÐeebMe: oeleJ³e:) 1. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejle~

2. ÒeeefleHeefokebÀ efueKele~ (MeyoÜ³eced DeeJeM³ekeÀced) 12 2

3. JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eced/Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~ 4. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mejueeLe¥ efueKele~ (ieÐeebMele: 1 JeekeÌ³eb oeleJ³eced~) 5. efJeYekeÌl³evleHeoced/DeJ³e³eced/ef¬eÀ³eeHeob ef®evegle efueKele ®e~ 6. keÀejkeÀHeefj®e³eb kegÀ©le~ (DeOeesjsKeveced DeeJeM³ekeÀced~) Dee. 1. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee efveefo&äs ke=Àleer kegÀ©le~ (DeJeyeesOevee³e 1 DeLeJee 2 HeÐeebMes oeleJ³es~) 4 1. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~ (2 le: 1) 1 2. efJeMes<eCe-efJeMes<³e-mecyevOe:/meceeveeLe&kebÀ Meyob/efJe©×eLe&kebÀ Meyob efueKele~ (kesÀJeueb 1) 1 Dee. 2. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee peeuejsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ (meefvOeefJeûenb ke=ÀlJee HeÐeebMe: oeleJ³e:~)(4 efjkeÌlemLeeveeefve) 2

[ceneje<ì^ jep³e ceeO³eefcekeÀ Je G®®e ceeO³eefcekeÀ efMe#eCe ceb[U, HegCes - 04]

¬eÀ. efJeYeeie: iegCee:

1. megiecemebmke=Àleced 8

2. ieÐeced 20

3. HeÐeced 18

4. uesKevekeÀewMeueced 9

5. Yee<eeY³eeme: 17

6. DeHeefþleced 8

80

Deeceeso:~ (mecHetCe&-mebmke=Àleced)

Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced

¬eÀ. iegCee:

1. ÞeJeCekeÀewMeueced 5

2. Yee<eCekeÀewMeueced 5



20

Sample

Con

tent

¬eÀ. Heeþ-veeceeefve He=<þ-¬eÀ.

ÒeeLe&vee 1 megiecemebmke=Àleced~

1. ef®e$eHeokeÀes<e:~ 3 2. mece³e:~ 6

ieÐe-HeÐe efJeYeeie:~ 1. DeeÐeke=À<ekeÀ: He=LegJewv³e:~ ieÐeced 8 2. J³emeves efce$eHejer#ee~ ieÐeced 25 3. meteqkeÌlemegOee~ HeÐeced 44 4. Decetu³eb keÀceueced~ ieÐeced 60 5. me SJe HejceeCeg:~ mebJeeo: 78 6. ³egiceceeuee~ HeÐeced 94 7. mebmke=ÀleveeìîemleyekeÀ:~ mebJeeo: 104 8. Jee®eveÒeMebmee~ HeÐeced 119 9. OesveesJ³ee&Ie´: Heuee³eles~ ieÐeced 127 10. veoermetkeÌleced~ mebJeeo: 153 11. peìe³egMeew³e&ced~ HeÐeced 166 12. DeeefoMe¹je®ee³e&:~ ieÐeced 181 13. ef®e$ekeÀeJ³eced~ HeÐeced 205 14. ÒeefleHeob mebmke=Àleced~ mebJeeo: 220 15. ceeveJeleeOece&:~ HeÐeced 244

mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe ®e~ 253 DeY³eemeHe$eced~

1. DeY³eemeHe$eced - 1~ 263 2. DeY³eemeHe$eced - 2~ 266 3. DeY³eemeHe$eced - 3~ 269 4. DeY³eemeHe$eced - 4~ 272

uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ 1. JeekeÌ³ej®evee- GHeHeo-efJeYeefkeÌle:~ 274 2. efveyevOe-uesKeveced~ 278 3. mebJeeo-uesKeveced~ 282 4. ef®e$eJeCe&vecedd~ 288 5. mebmke=ÀleevegJeeo:~ 295

¬eÀ. Heeþ-veeceeefve He=<þ-¬eÀ.

Yee<eeY³eeme:~

1. veece-meJe&veece-Oeeleg-OeelegmeeefOeleefJeMes<eCe leeefuekeÀe:~ 298

2. me*dK³ee:~ 319 3. meceeme:~ 325 4. Jee®³eced~ 338 5. HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³eeefve~ 347 6. mce~ 351 7. lJeced-YeJeeved~ 353 8. Je®eveHeefjJele&veced~ 355 9. uekeÀejHeefjJele&veced~ 356 10. efCepevlee: (Òe³eespekeÀe:)~ 358

DeHeefþleced~ DeHeefþleced (ieÐeced + HeÐeced)~ 361

Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced~ Guidelines for Devleie&le-cetu³eceeHeveced~ 378

DeeoMe&-ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe~ DeeoMe&-ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe - 1 379

Note: Textual questions are represented by * mark.

Deveg¬eÀceefCekeÀe

According to new Board Krutipatrika pattern JeCe&ceeueeOeeefjleced, Jeemej-leeefuekeÀeb Hetj³ele, veeceeOeeefjleced, Oeeleg-DeeOeeefjleced these topics from Hegve:mceejCeced are exempted. They are not covered in this book.

Sample

Con

tent

94

oMeceer keÀ#ee - Deeceeso: (mecHetCe& - mebmke=Àleced)

94

Je=Êeced – JebMemLeced ³eLee ®elegefYe&: keÀvekebÀ Hejer#³eles efveIe<e&Ce®ísoveleeHelee[vew:~ leLee ®elegefYe&: Heg©<e: Hejer#³eles Þeglesve Meeruesve iegCesve keÀce&Cee~~1~~ – Je=×®eeCekeÌ³eMelekeÀeled (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 30)

³eLee keÀvekebÀ efveIe<e&Ce-ísove-leeHe-lee[vew: (Fefle) ®elegefYe&: Hejer#³eles, leLee Heg©<e: Þeglesve, Meeruesve, iegCesve, keÀce&Cee (Fefle) ®elegefYe&: Hejer#³eles~ Just as gold is examined by four ways – by rubbing, cutting, heating and striking, so also man is examined by four ways - by knowledge, by character, by virtues and by deeds. peMeer meesv³ee®eer Hejer#ee Ieemetve, legkeÀ[s keÀªve, leeHeJetve Je þesketÀve kesÀueer peeles, (³ee ®eej keÀmeesìîeebveer meesv³ee®ee keÀme ueeJeuee peelees), leMeer ceveg<³ee®eer HeejKe l³ee®es %eeve, ®eeefj$³e, iegCe Je keÀe³e& ³ee ®eej keÀmeesìîeebveer kesÀueer peeles. keÀvekeÀced gold (meesves) keÀce&Cee by deeds/actions (keÀcee&ves) ®elegefYe&: by four ways (®eej HeodOeleeRveer) ísove cut (keÀeHeCes)

lee[ve beat / pound (þeskeÀCes) leeHe heat (leeHeJeCes) efveIe<e&Ce rub (Ie<e&Ce keÀjCes) Hejer#³eles is tested (Hejer#eCe kesÀues peeles) Meeruesve by character (®eeefj$³eeves) Þeglesve by what is learned (%eeveeves)

ÒemleeJevee

ÍueeskeÀ: 1

MeyoeLee&:

DevJe³e:

mejueeLe&:

³egiceceeuee (A Garland Of Pairs) 6 (DeJ³e³epees[eR®eer ceeU)

Like all languages, Sanskrit too abounds in the use of pair of words. Some such pairs are ³eoe-leoe (when-then), ³eeJeled-leeJeled (as long as-till), ³e$e-le$e (where-there). Some

sanskrit sentences with such pairs are ³eLee jepee leLee Òepee:~ (Just as the king is so are the subjects), ³e$e ³e$e Oetce: le$e le$e JeefÚ:~ (Wherever there is smoke there is fire.)

The use of such pair of words renders melody and beauty to the ÍueeskeÀ.

Flej Yee<eebÒeceeCes®e mebmJe=Àle Yee<esleosKeerue Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee JeeHeju³ee peeleele. ³eeleerue JeÀener pees[îee Heg{erueÒeceeCes– ³eoe-leoe (pesJne-lesJne), ³eeJeled-leeJeled (peesHe³e¥le-leesHe³e¥le), ³e$e-le$e (pesLes-lesLes). ³eemeejK³ee

Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee Demeuesueer keÀener mebmke=Àle JeekeÌ³es DeMeer – Goe. ³eLee jepee leLee Òepee:~ (pemee jepee leMeer Òepee), ³e$e ³e$e Oetce: le$e le$e JeefÚ:~ (pesLes Oetj Deens lesLes Deiveer Deens.)

DeMee Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee MueeskeÀe®ee iees[Jee Je meeQo³e& Jee{Jeleele.

ÍueeskeÀe:, mevOe³e:, DevJe³ee:, mejueeLee&:, MeyoeLee&: ke=Àle³e½e~

Sample

Con

tent

95

6: ³egiceceeuee~

keÀ. HetCe&JeekeÌ³esve GÊejb efueKele~

*1. keÀvekeÀHejer#ee keÀLeb YeJeefle? GÊejced keÀvekeÀHejer#ee efveIe<e&Ce®ísoveleeHelee[vew: YeJeefle~

*2. Heg©<eHejer#ee keÀLeb YeJeefle? GÊejced Heg©<eHejer#ee Þeglesve Meeruesve iegCesve keÀce&Cee ®e YeJeefle~

*Ke. jsKeeef®e$eced~ peeuejsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ 1.

GÊejced i. efveIe<e&Cesve ii. leeHesve

iii. lee[vesve 2. GÊejced i. Þeglesve

ii. Meeruesve iii. keÀce&Cee

Je=Êeced – Deveg<ìgHed ³e$e efJeÜppevees veeefmle ÍueeI³emle$eeuHeOeerjefHe~ efvejmleHeeoHes osMes SjC[esçefHe êgcee³eles~~2~~ – efnleesHeosMeeled (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 30)

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: 1. efJeÜppevees veeefmle = efJeÜppeve: + ve + Deefmle~

*2. ÍueeI³emle$e = ÍueeI³e: + le$e ~ *3. DeuHeOeerjefHe = DeuHeOeer: + DeefHe~ 4. SjC[esçefHe = SjC[: + DeefHe~

³e$e efJeÜppeve: ve Deefmle, le$e DeuHeOeer: DeefHe ÍueeI³e: (YeJeefle)~ (³eLee) efvejmleHeeoHes osMes SjC[: DeefHe êgcee³eles~ Where there is no scholar; there even the one with a low intellect is worthy of praise. Just as in a region with no trees even a castor plant is considered to be a tree. p³ee efþkeÀeCeer efJeodJeeve ueeskeÀ vemeleerue; l³ee efþkeÀeCeer yeslee®³ee yegodOeer®³ee ceeCemee®eerner mlegleer nesles. pesLes Pee[eb®ee DeYeeJe Demelees, lesLes Sjb[eueeosKeerue ceesþe Je=#e ceeveues peeles. DeuHeOeer poor intellect (yeslee®eer yegodOeer)

SjC[ castor (Sjb[)

êgcee³eles becomes a tree (Je=#e ceeveuee peelees)

efvejmleHeeoHe devoid of trees (Pee[eb®ee DeYeeJe) efJeÜppeve learned/scholar (efJeodJeeve ceb[Uer) ÍueeI³e worthy of praise (mlegleerme ³eesi³e)

ÍueeskeÀ: 2

meefvOe:

DevJe³e:

mejueeLe&:

MeyoeLee&:

keÀvekeÀHejer#ee

ii. ______

i. _____

ísovesve

iii. _____

i. _____ ii. _____ iii. _____

Heg©<eHejer#ee

iegCesve

Sample

Con

tent

96

96

oMeceer keÀ#ee - Perfect Notes Deeceeso: (mecHetCe& - mebmke=Àleced)


*1. DeuHeOeer: kegÀ$e ÍueeI³e: YeJeefle? GÊejced ³e$e efJeÜppeve: ve Deefmle, le$e DeuHeOeer: ÍueeI³e: YeJeefle~

*2. SjC[: kegÀ$e êgcee³eles? GÊejced efvejmleHeeoHes osMes SjC[: êgcee³eles~ 3. efvejmleHeeoHes osMes keÀ: êgcee³eles? GÊejced efvejmleHeeoHes osMes SjC[: êgcee³eles~

Ke. HeÐeebMele: efJeMes<eCeb ef®evegle~

HeÐeebMeeled efJeMes<eCeb ef®evegle~ 1. _______ DeuHeOeer:~ GÊejced ÍueeI³e: DeuHeOeer:~

2. _______ osMes~ GÊejced efvejmleHeeoHes osMes~

Je=Êeced – efMeKeefjCeer ³eoe efkeÀefáep%eesçnb efÜHe FJe ceoevOe: meceYeJeb leoe meJe&%eesçmceerl³eYeJeoJeefueHleb cece ceve:~ ³eoe efkeÀefáeeflkeÀefáeod yegOepevemekeÀeMeeoJeieleb leoe cetKeexçmceerefle pJej FJe ceoes ces J³eHeiele:~~3~~ – veerefleMelekeÀeled (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 30) [March 2019 – Òe. 3 F]

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: *1. efkeÀefáep%eesçnced = efkeÀefáep%e: + Denced~ 2. efÜHe FJe = efÜHe: + FJe~ 3. meJe&%eesçmceerefle = meJe&%e: + Deefmce + Fefle~ *4. DeYeJeoJeefueHleced = DeYeJeled + DeJeefueHleced~

5. efkeÀefáeeflkeÀefáeod yegOepevemekeÀeMeeoJeieleced = efkeÀefáeled + efkeÀefáeled + yegOepevemekeÀeMeeled + DeJeieleced~ 6. cetKeexçmceerefle = cetKe&: + Deefmce + Fefle~

³eoe Denb efkeÀefáep%e: (leoe) (Denb) efÜHe: FJe ceoevOe: meceYeJeced~ leoe cece ceve: `meJe&%e: Deefmce' Fefle DeJeefueHleced DeYeJeled~ ³eoe yegOepevemekeÀeMeeled efkeÀefáeled efkeÀefáeled DeJeieleced leoe (Denb) cetKe&: Deefmce (Fefle %eelJee) ces ceo: pJej: FJe J³eHeiele:~ When I knew little, I became like an elephant blinded by ichor (intoxicated with rut), (then) I coated my mind feeling that I know everything. When I understood a little from association with the wise, then knowing that I am a fool my intoxication (pride) disappeared like fever. pesJne ceer Lees[smes peeCeCeeje (Demetvener) ceepeuesu³ee nlleerÒeceeCes Peeuees lesJne, `ceer meJe&%e Deens', ³ee efJe®eejeves ceePes ceve Gvcelle Peeues. (HeCe) pesJne %eeveer ueeskeÀeb®³ee meesyele jentve Lees[s mecepeues lesJne, `ceer cetKe& Deens', Demes peeCetve ceePee ieJe& leeHeeÒeceeCes otj efveIetve iesuee. DeJeieleced understood/knew (mecepeues) efkeÀefáeled little (Lees[s) pJej fever (leeHe)

efÜHe elephant (nlleer) ceoevOe blinded by intoxication/pride

(ceoeves DebOe) J³eHeiele went/disappeared (iesuee/iee³eye Peeuee) meceYeJeced became (Peeues) meJe&%e omniscient/knows all (meJe& keÀener peeCeCeeje)

MeyoeLee&:

ÍueeskeÀ: 3

meefvOe:

DevJe³e:

mejueeLe&:

Sample

Con

tent

97

6: ³egiceceeuee~


*1. ceveg<³e: efÜHe FJe ceoevOe: keÀoe YeJeefle? GÊejced ³eoe ceveg<³e: efkeÀefáep%e: leoe ceveg<³e: efÜHe FJe ceoevOe:

YeJeefle~

2. ceveg<³em³e ceve: kesÀve efJe®eejsCe DeJeefueHleced DeYeJeled? GÊejced ceveg<³em³e ceve: meJe&%e: Deefmce Fefle efJe®eejsCe DeJeefueHleced

DeYeJeled~

*3. `cetKe&: Deefmce' Fefle ceveg<³esCe kegÀle: DeJeieleced? GÊejced `cetKe&: Deefmce' Fefle ceveg<³esCe yegOepevemekeÀeMeeled

DeJeieleced~

Ke. HeÐeebMele: efJeMes<eCeb ef®evegle~

1. HeÐeebMeeled efJeMes<eCeb ef®evegle~ i. _______ efÜHe:~ GÊejced ceoevOe: efÜHe:~

ii. _______ ceve:~ GÊejced DeJeefueHleb ceve:~

Je=Êeced –Deveg<ìgHed leeJeod Ye³eeef× YesleJ³eb ³eeJeod Ye³eceveeieleced~ Deeieleb leg Ye³eb Jeer#³e vej: kegÀ³ee&od ³eLeesef®eleced~~4~~ – Heáelev$eeled (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 30)

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: *1. Ye³eeef× = Ye³eeled + efn~ 2. Ye³eceveeieleced = Ye³eced + Deveeieleced~ 3. kegÀ³ee&od ³eLeesef®eleced = kegÀ³ee&led + ³eLeesef®eleced~

³eeJeled Ye³eced Deveeieleb leeJeled efn Ye³eeled YesleJ³eced~ (leLeeefHe) Deeieleb leg Ye³eb Jeer#³e vej: ³eLeesef®eleb kegÀ³ee&led~ One should have fear of the fearful as long as the fear has not come. But once arrived, having seen (faced) fear man should do what is appropriate. peesHe³e¥le mebkeÀì Deeues veener leesHe³e¥le®e mebkeÀìeuee IeeyejeJes; Hejbleg mebkeÀì Deeu³ee®es Heentve ceveg<³eeves pes ³eesi³e Demesue les keÀjeJes. leeJeled till then (leesHe³e¥le) Ye³eeled from fear (mebkeÀìeuee) ³eLeesef®eleced as appropriate (pes ³eesi³e Deens les) ³eeJeled as long as (peesHe³e¥le) Jeer#³e having seen (Heentve)


*1. Deeieleb Ye³eb Jeer#³e vej: efkebÀ kegÀ³ee&led? GÊejced Deeieleb Ye³eb Jeer#³e vej: ³eLeesef®eleb kegÀ³ee&led~

2. keÀoe Ye³eeled YesleJ³eced? GÊejced ³eeJeled Ye³eced Deveeieleb leeJeled Ye³eeled YesleJ³eced~ Ke. jsKeeef®e$eced~ mlecYeHetjCeb kegÀ©le~ ceveg<³e: efkebÀ kegÀ³ee&led? (³eLeesef®eleb kegÀ³ee&led, Ye³eeled YesleJ³eced)

Ye³eced Deveeieleced Ye³eced Deeieleced i. _______ ii. _______ GÊejced i. Ye³eeled YesleJ³eced~ ii. ³eLeesef®eleb kegÀ³ee&led~

MeyoeLee&:

DevJe³e:

mejueeLe&:

meefvOe:

ÍueeskeÀ: 4

Sample

Con

tent

98

98


Je=Êeced – Deveg<ìgHed GÊecees veeefleJekeÌlee m³eeoOecees yeng Yee<eles~ megJeCex ve OJeefvemlee¢i³ee¢keÌkeÀebm³es Òepee³eles~~5~~ (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 30)

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: 1. GÊecees veeefleJekeÌlee = GÊece: + ve + DeefleJekeÌlee~

*2. m³eeoOece: = m³eeled + DeOece:~ 3. m³eeoOecees yeng = m³eeled + DeOece: + yeng~ 4. OJeefvemlee¢i³ee¢keÌkeÀebm³es = OJeefve: + lee¢kedÀ + ³ee¢kedÀ + keÀebm³es~

GÊece: DeefleJekeÌlee ve m³eeled, DeOece: yeng Yee<eles~ ³ee¢kedÀ keÀebm³es (OJeefve:) Òepee³eles lee¢kedÀ megJeCex OJeefve: ve (Òepee³eles)~ The superior (excellent) should not be talkative, the inferior chatters (talks) a lot. Just as noise/sound is generated in bronze but sound/noise is not generated on gold. Þes<þ J³ekeÌleerves Jee®eeU nesT ve³es (keÀejCe) veer®e ceveg<³e Heg<keÀU yeesuelees. pemee keÀeM³eeceO³es DeeJeepe GlHevve neslees lemee meesv³eeceO³es DeeJeepe GlHevve nesle veener. DeefleJekeÌlee speak excessively/talkative

(Jee®eeU ) DeOece inferior/lowly (veer®e ) GÊece superior (Þes<þ ) keÀebm³e bronze (keÀebm³e) lee¢ied likewise (lemee ) megJeCe& gold (meesves )


*1. keÀ: yeng Yee<eles? GÊejced DeOece: yeng Yee<eles~

2. GÊece: keÀLeb ve m³eeled? GÊejced GÊece: DeefleJekeÌlee ve m³eeled~ 3. keÀefmceved OJeefve: ve Òepee³eles? GÊejced megJeCex OJeefve: ve Òepee³eles~ Ke. jsKeeef®e$eced~ peeuejsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ GÊejced i. keÀebm³es ii. megJeCex

Je=Êeced – Deveg<ìgHed ³ee¢Meb JeHeles yeerpeb #es$eceemeeÐe keÀ<e&keÀ:~ megke=Àles og<ke=Àles JeeçefHe lee¢Meb ueYeles HeÀueced~~6~~ (HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 31)

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: *1. #es$eceemeeÐe = #es$eced + DeemeeÐe~ *2. JeeçefHe [March 2019] = Jee + DeefHe~

MeyoeLee&:

DevJe³e:

mejueeLe&:

meefvOe:

meefvOe:

ÍueeskeÀ: 5

ÍueeskeÀ: 6

OJeefve: Òepee³eles~ OJeefve: ve Òepee³eles~

i. _____ ii. _____

Sample

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6: ³egiceceeuee~

keÀ<e&keÀ: #es$eced DeemeeÐe ³ee¢Meb yeerpeb JeeHeles (lee¢Meb HeÀueb ueYeles)~ (leLewJe ceveg<³e:) megke=Àles Jee og<ke=Àles Jee DeefHe lee¢Meb (F<ìced Deefve<ìb Jee) HeÀueb ueYeles~ The farmer having reached the field obtains the fruit just as he sows the seed. Similarly man also obtains the result in a good or bad deed. Mesleele Heesnes®etve MeslekeÀjer p³eeÒekeÀej®es yeer Hesjlees l³ee ÒekeÀej®es HeÀU l³eeuee efceUles. l³ee®eÒeceeCes ceveg<³eeme l³ee®³ee ®eebieu³ee DeLeJee JeeF&ì keÀcee&®es HeÀU efceUles. keÀ<e&keÀ farmer (MeslekeÀjer) #es$eced field (Mesle) lee¢kedÀ like (lemes) og<ke=Àles in bad action (JeeF&ì keÀcee&ceO³es) ³ee¢Meced like (pemes) JeHeles sows (Hesjlees) megke=Àles in good action (®eebieu³ee keÀcee&ceO³es)


*1. keÀ<e&keÀ: keÀer¢Meb HeÀueb ueYeles ? GÊejced keÀ<e&keÀ: #es$eced DeemeeÐe ³ee¢Meb yeerpeb JeHeles lee¢Meb HeÀueb

ueYeles~ 2. ceveg<³e: F<ìHeÀuem³e ke=Àles efkebÀ kegÀ³ee&led? GÊejced ceveg<³e: F<ìHeÀuem³e ke=Àles megke=Àleb kegÀ³ee&led~

*ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejle~

ÍueeskeÀ: 1 `³eLee ®elegefYe&:?' Fefle ÍueeskeÀm³e mHe<ìerkeÀjCeb

efueKele~ GÊejced `³egiceceeuee' is a collection of verses

wherein pair of words are used. It renders melody and beauty to the ÍueeskeÀ, along with good teaching.

The poet explains in the megYeeef<ele ³eLee ®elegefYe&: .... iegCesve keÀce&Cee~~ that just as gold is tested and purified using four methods like rubbing, cutting, heating and pounding so also a man becomes a better person when tested through knowledge, character, virtues

and deeds. Subjecting gold and man to these tests makes the faults go away and the qualities to shine forth.

`³egiceceeuee' ³ee Heoîeele efJeefMe<ì Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee Demeuesues MueeskeÀ IesC³eele Deeues Deensle. DeMee Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee MueeskeÀe®ee iees[Jee Je meeQo³e& Jee{Jeleele. lemes®e, ®eebieueer efMekeÀJeCener osleele.

³eLee ®elegefYe&: .... iegCesve keÀce&Cee~~ ³ee MueesJeÀeceO³es JeÀJeer cnCelees, JeÀer pemes meesves Ie<e&Ce JeÀªve, JeÀeHetve, leeHeJetve Je ceeªve DeMee ®eej HeodOeleeR®ee JeeHej JeÀªve MegodOe JesÀues peeles lemes®e %eeve, ®eefj$e, iegCe DeeefCe JeÀcee&odJeejs ceveg<³ee®eer Hejer#ee kesÀueer peeles. pesJne meesv³ee®eer Je ceveg<³eeb®eer Hejer#ee kesÀueer peeles lesJne l³eeb®³eeceOeerue oes<e otj nesTve iegCeebceO³es Je=odOeer nesles.

ÍueeskeÀ: 3 keÀoe ceo: J³eHeie®íefle? GÊejced `³egiceceeuee' is a collection of verses


An elephant from whose temples/forehead ichor or the sticky fluid oozes gets blinded with it as it covers its eyes. This irritation also makes it intoxicated and powerful. The elephant does not see clearly and destroys everything in its path. Similarly a person knowing little things thinks himself to be great and becomes arrogant with pride. But when he meets the learned he realizes his position and his false pride goes away.

`³egiceceeuee' ³ee Heoîeele efJeefMe<ì Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee Demeuesues MueeskeÀ IesC³eele Deeues Deensle. DeMee Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee MueeskeÀe®ee iees[Jee Je meeQo³e& Jee{Jeleele. lemes®e, ®eebieueer efMekeÀJeCener osleele.

MeyoeLee&:

mejueeLe&:

DevJe³e:

HeeþeOeeefjlee: Dev³es ÒeÍvee:~

Sample

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100


pesJne Gvcelle nlleer®³ee keÀHeeUeceOetve ef®eJeÀì êJe HeePejlees lesJne lees êJeHeoeLe& [esUîeebJej ieUlees. ³eecegUs, nlleer®eer ¢<ìer yeeefOele nesles DeeefCe ³ee mebÒesjkeÀecegUs lees MeefJeÌleMeeueerner yevelees. nlleeruee mHe<ìHeCes efomele vemeu³eecegUs lees l³ee®³ee ceeiee&Jej ³esCeeN³ee meJe& iees<ìer ve<ì JeÀjlees. l³ee®eÒeceeCes p³ee J³eJeÌleeruee Lees[s®e %eeve Demeles lesJne leer mJele:uee ceneve mecepele Demeles DeeefCe ieJee&ves Jeeieles; Hejbleg pesJne leer J³ekeÌleer efJeodJeeveebvee Yesìles lesJne efleuee efle®es mLeeve keÀUles DeeefCe efle®ee Keesìe DeefYeceeve leeHeeÒeceeCes efveIetve peelees.

ÍueeskeÀ: 6 ceveg<³e: mJekeÀce&Ce: keÀer¢Meb HeÀueb ueYeles? [March 2019] GÊejced `³egiceceeuee' is a collection of verses


The subhashitkar says that just as a farmer will get the crop of that quality of which he has sown the seed, so also a man will get the result as per his action. As you sow, so shall you reap is a very well-known saying. A good deed/action will give a good result and bad deed will result in a bad effect. We may also remember the lines– mJekeÀce&met$es ûeefLelees efn ueeskeÀ:~

`³egiceceeuee' ³ee Heoîeele efJeefMe<ì Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee

Demeuesues MueeskeÀ IesC³eele Deeues Deensle. DeMee Meyoeb®³ee pees[îee MueeskeÀe®ee iees[Jee Je meeQo³e& Jee{Jeleele. lemes®e, ®eebieueer efMekeÀJeCener osleele.

megYeeef<eleJeÀej cnCeleele, JeÀer p³eeÒeceeCes MesleJeÀN³eeuee l³eeves Hesjuesu³ee efye³eebÒeceeCes HeerJeÀ efceUles l³ee®eÒeceeCes ceveg<³eeuee l³ee®³ee JeÀcee&vegmeej l³ee®es HeÀUner ÒeeHle nesles.

`HesjeJes lemes GieJeeJes.' ner cnCe megÒeefmeodOe Deens– DeeHeCe pes JeÀener Hesjlees l³ee®es HeÀU DeeHeu³eeuee efceUles. ®eebieueer Je=Àleer kesÀu³eeves ®eebieuee HeefjCeece DeeefCe JeeF&ì Je=Àl³e JeÀsu³eeves JeeF&ì HeefjCeece YeesieeJes ueeieleele. mJekeÀce&met$es ûeefLelees efn ueeskeÀ:~ ³ee Je®eveeceOetvener ne®e YeeJe J³ekeÌle neslees.

*keÀ. ®elegLe&Heob efueKele~ De. GÊejced

Dee. GÊejced F. GÊejced F&. GÊejced

*Ke. meceeveeLe&keÀMeyoeveeb cesueveb kegÀ©le~

De Dee megJeCe&ced Meyo: GÊece: J³eeHleced

DeJeefueHleced nsce OJeefve: Þes<þ:

GÊejced

De Dee megJeCe&ced nsce GÊece: Þes<þ:

DeJeefueHleced J³eeHleced OJeefve: Meyo:

*ie. Gef®eleb Meyo³egiceb ³eespe³ele~ (³e$e-le$e, ³eefo-leefn&,

³eoe-leoe, ³eLee-leLee) 1. _______ DeO³eeHekeÀ: ve Deeie®íefle _______ íe$ee:

mJeeO³ee³eb kegÀJe&efvle~ GÊejced ³eefo DeO³eeHekeÀ: ve Deeie®íefle leefn& íe$ee: mJeeO³ee³eb

kegÀJe&efvle~ 2. _______ Oetce: _______ JeefÚ:~ GÊejced ³e$e Oetce: le$e JeefÚ:~ 3. _______ DeekeÀeMes cesIee: iepe&efvle _______ ce³etj:

ve=l³eefle~ GÊejced ³eoe DeekeÀeMes cesIee: iepe&efvle leoe ce³etj: ve=l³eefle~ 4. _______ efJe®eej: _______ Jele&veced~ GÊejced ³eLee efJe®eej: leLee Jele&veced~ 5. _______ met³e&: Gosefle _______ efJeÍJeb ÒekeÀeMece³eb

YeJeefle~ GÊejced ³eoe met³e&: Gosefle leoe efJeÍJeb ÒekeÀeMece³eb YeJeefle~ 6. _______ Meke&Àje _______ efHeHeerefuekeÀe:~ GÊejced ³e$e Meke&Àje le$e efHeHeerefuekeÀe:~

met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~

ceve: - ®esle: DeJeieleced – _______~

ceve: - ®esle: DeJeieleced – %eeleced~

yegOepeve: - %eeveer cetKe&: – _______~

yegOepeve: - %eeveer cetKe&: – cet{:~

vej: - ceveg<³e: Gef®eleced – _______~

vej: - ceveg<³e: Gef®eleced – ³eesi³eced~

Jeer#³e - ¢<ìdJee Ye³eced – _______~

Jeer#³e - ¢<ìdJee Ye³eced – Yeerefle:~

Sample

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6: ³egiceceeuee~

7. meppevee: _______ Jeoefvle _______ kegÀJe&efvle~ GÊejced meppevee: ³eLee Jeoefvle leLee kegÀJe&efvle~ 8. _______ yeeuekeÀ: J³ee³eeceb keÀefj<³eefle _______ me: meg¢{: YeefJe<³eefle~ GÊejced ³eefo yeeuekeÀ: J³ee³eeceb keÀefj<³eefle leefn& me: meg¢{: YeefJe<³eefle~

*Ie. DecejkeÀes<eeled Meyob Òe³egp³e JeekeÌ³eb Hegveefue&Kele~ ¬eÀ. Meyo: DeLe&: JeekeÌ³eced meceeveeLe&kebÀ ³eespeef³elJee JeekeÌ³eced

1. keÀvekeÀced [March 2019]

gold (meesves) pevew: keÀvekebÀ Hejer#³eles~

pevew: mJeCe&ced/ megJeCe&ced/ efnjC³eced/ nsce/ neìkeÀced Hejer#³eles~

2. HeeoHe: tree (Je=#e) ³e$e SkeÀ: DeefHe HeeoHe: veeefmle le$e SjC[: êgcee³eles~

³e$e SkeÀ: DeefHe Je=#e:/ cener©n:/ MeeKeer/ efJeìHeer/ le©: veeefmle le$e SjC[: êgcee³eles~

3. keÀ<e&keÀ: farmer (MeslekeÀjer) keÀ<e&keÀ: yeerpeb JeHeles~ ke=À<ekeÀ: / #es$eepeerJe: / ke=Àef<ekeÀ:/ ke=À<eerJeue:

yeerpeb JeHeles~ De. leeefuekeÀeHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ veece-leeefuekeÀe~

ke´À. SkeÀJe®eveced efÜJe®eveced yengJe®eveced efJeYeeqkeÌleë 1. keÀ<e&keÀ: keÀ<e&keÀew keÀ<e&keÀe: ÒeLecee 2. SjC[: SjC[ew SjC[e: ÒeLecee 3. yegOepeve: yegOepeveew yegOepevee: ÒeLecee 4. cetKe&: cetKeez cetKee&: ÒeLecee 5. pJej: pJejew pJeje: ÒeLecee 6. ceo: ceoew ceoe: ÒeLecee 7. ³egiceced ³egices ³egiceeefve ÒeLecee 8. keÀvekeÀced keÀvekesÀ keÀvekeÀeefve ÒeLecee 9. Ye³eced Ye³es Ye³eeefve ÒeLecee 10. yeerpeced yeerpes yeerpeeefve ÒeLecee 11. #es$eced #es$es #es$eeefCe ÒeLecee 12. ceve: cevemeer ceveebefme ÒeLecee 13. JekeÌlee JekeÌleejew JekeÌleej: ÒeLecee 14. Meeruesve MeerueeY³eeced Meeruew: le=leer³ee 15. iegCesve iegCeeY³eeced iegCew: le=leer³ee 16. Þeglesve ÞegleeY³eeced Þeglew: le=leer³ee 17. keÀce&Cee keÀce&Y³eeced keÀce&efYe: le=leer³ee 18. lee[vesve lee[veeY³eeced lee[vew: le=leer³ee 19. Ye³eeled Ye³eeY³eeced Ye³ew: Heáeceer 20. HeeoHes HeeoHe³ees: HeeoHes<eg meHleceer 21. osMes osMe³ees: osMes<eg meHleceer 22. keÀebm³es keÀebm³e³ees: keÀebm³es<eg meHleceer 23. megJeCex megJeCe&³ees: megJeCex<eg meHleceer

Yee<eeY³eeme:~

Sample

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102


meJe&veece-leeefuekeÀe~ ke´À. SkeÀJe®eveced efÜJe®eveced yengJe®eveced efJeYeeqkeÌleë ke´À. SkeÀJe®eveced efÜJe®eveced yengJe®eveced efJeYeeqkeÌleë 1. Denced DeeJeeced Je³eced ÒeLecee 2. cece - ces DeeJe³ees:-veew DemceekeÀced-ve: <e<þer

ef¬eÀ³eeHeo-leeefuekeÀe~

ke´À. uekeÀejë SkeÀJe®eveced efÜJe®eveced yengJe®eveced Heg©<eë 1.

ueìduekeÀej:

JeOe&les JeOexles JeOe&vles ÒeLece: 2. Yee<eles Yee<esles Yee<evles ÒeLece: 3. JeHeles JeHesles JeHevles ÒeLece: 4. ueYeles ueYesles ueYevles ÒeLece: 5. Òepee³eles Òepee³esles Òepee³evles ÒeLece: 6. Deefmle mle: meefvle ÒeLece: 7. Deefmce mJe: mce: GÊece: 8. ue*duekeÀej: DeYeJeled DeYeJeleeced DeYeJeved ÒeLece: 9.

efJeefOeefue*duekeÀej: m³eeled m³eeleeced m³eg: ÒeLece:

10. kegÀ³ee&led kegÀ³ee&leeced kegÀ³eg&: ÒeLece: Dee. efveefo&<ìe: ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ meceemeeveeb leeefuekeÀeHetefle¥ kegÀ©le~ ¬eÀ. mecemleHeoced Meaning / DeLe& efJeûen: meceemeveece~

1. efveIe<e&Ce®ísove-leeHelee[veeefve

rubbing, cutting, heating and beating (Ie<e&Ce keÀjCes, keÀeHeCes, leeHeJeCes, DeeefCe lee[ve keÀjCes)

efveIe<e&Ceb ®e ísoveb ®e leeHe: ®e lee[veb ®e~

Flejslej-ÜvÜ: meceeme:~

2. yegOepevemekeÀeMe: vicinity of learned (efJeodJeeveeb®³ee peJeU) yegOepevem³e mekeÀeMe:~ <e<þer-lelHeg©<e: meceeme:~

3. efkeÀefáep%e: knows little (Lees[s peeCelees) efkeÀefáeled peeveeefle Fefle~ GHeHeo-lelHeg©<e: meceeme:~

4. meJe&%e: knows everything (meJe& peeCelees) meJe¥ peeveeefle Fefle~ GHeHeo-lelHeg©<e: meceeme:~

5. efJeÜppeve: learned man (efJeodJeeve ceeCetme) efJeÜeved peve:~ keÀce&Oeej³e: meceeme:~

6. DeuHeOeer: one who has less intellect (DeuHe yegodOeer p³ee®eer Demee lees) DeuHee Oeer: ³em³e me:~ yengJe´erefn: meceeme:~

7. efvejmleHeeoHe: that from where trees have vanished (efpeLes Pee[s veenerle Demes efþkeÀeCe) efvejmlee: HeeoHee: ³emceeled me:~ yengJe´erefn: meceeme:~

8. ³eLeesef®eleced as is proper (Gef®eleeÒeceeCes) Gef®eleced Devegme=l³e~ DeJ³e³eerYeeJe: meceeme:~ meceeveeLe&keÀMeyoeved efueKele~ *1. keÀvekeÀced gold (meesves) = megJeCe&ced, mJeCe&ced, neìkeÀced, nsce~ 2. Heg©<e: man (Heg©<e) = cevegpe:, vej:, ceeveJe:~ 3. Þegleced knowledge (%eeve) = %eeveced~ 4. Meerueced character (®eeefj$³e) = ®eeefj$³eced, ®eefjleced~ 5. iegCe: virtue (iegCe) = meÊJeced, efJeMes<e:~ 6. keÀce& deed (keÀce&) = ke=Àl³eced~

Sample

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6: ³egiceceeuee~

7. ÍueeI³e: praiseworthy (mlegleerme ³eesi³e)

= mlegl³e:~

8. DeuHeOeer: fool (DeuHeyegodOeer Demeuesuee)

= cet{:, cetKe&:~

*9. HeeoHe: tree (Je=#e) = Je=#e, êgce:, MeeKeer~ *10. efJeÜeved intelligent (efJeodJeeve) = ceefve<eer, efJeÐeeJeeved~ 11. efkeÀefáeled little (DeuHe) = DeuHeced, mJeuHeced~

12. efkeÀefáep%e: knowing little (Lees[s peeCeCeeje)

= DeuHe%e:~

13. efÜHe: elephant (nlleer) = iepe:, nmleer, ovleer~ 14. DevOe: blind (DeebOeUe) = ves$enerve:~

15. meJe&%e: omniscient (meJe& peeCeCeeje)

= mekeÀue%e:~

16. yegOe: wise (meg%e) = Òee%e:, met%e:~ 17. ceve: mind (ceve) = ®esle:, Devle:keÀjCeced, ef®eÊeced~ 18. cetKe&: fool (cetKe&) = cet{:, De%e:~ 19. Ye³eced fear (Ye³e) = Yeerefle:, Yeer:~ 20. Jeer#³e seeing (Heentve) = ¢<ìdJee, DeJeueeskeÌ³e~ 21. Gef®eleced proper (³eesi³e) = ³eesi³eced~ 22. GÊece: excellent (Gllece) = ÒeOeeve:, ÒecegKe:~

*23. DeOece: bad (#egê) = efveke=À<ì:~ 24. yeng lot (Heg<keÀU) = Òe®egjced, Yetefj~ 25. OJeefve: sound (OJeveer) = jJe:, veeo:, mJeve:~ 26. Òepee³eles produced (GlHevve nesles) = efveceea³eles~ 27. #es$eced field (Mesle) = kewÀoe³e&ced, kewÀoejkeÀced~

efJe©×eLe&keÀMeyoeved efueKele~

1. ÍueeI³e: praise-worthy (mlegleerme ³eesi³e) efvevÐe:~ criticizable (efveboveer³e)

2. Þegleced known (%eele) DeÞegleced, De%eeleced~ unknown (De%eele) *3. iegCe: virtue (iegCe) DeJeiegCe:, oes<e:~ fault (oes<e)

4. DeuHeOeer: fool (DeuHeyegodOeer Demeuesuee) efJeÜeved~ intelligent (efJeodJeeve)

5. mekeÀeMeeled from near (peJeUtve) otjeled~ from far (ueebyetve)

*6. efJeÜeved [March 2019]

intelligent (yegodefOeceeve) cetKe&:, De%e:, cet{:~ foolish / ignorant (cetKe&)

7. J³eHeiele: went away (efveIetve iesuee) meceeiele:~ arrived (Deeuee) 8. Gef®eleced proper (³eesi³e) Devegef®eleced, De³eesi³eced~ improper (De³eesi³e)

*9. GÊece: excellent (Gllece) DeOece:, DevegÊece:~ bad (JeeF&ì) 10. yeng lot (Heg<keÀU) DeuHeced, efkeÀefáeled , ceveekedÀ~ little (DeuHe) 11. Òepee³eles produces (GlHevve keÀjles) veM³eefle~ vanishes / destroys (ve<ì keÀjles)

*12. megke=Àleced good deed (®eebieueer ke=Àleer) og<ke=Àleced~ bad deed (JeeF&ì ke=Àleer)

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