Bert Uneken, Field Engineering Manager Ruben Kranenburg, Technical Support

Main Burner

Main Reaction Furnace Design

LMV Burner WHB connection Checker wall

/ Choke ring

Residence time section

Man way Temp. Measurement

View ports

Burner / Furnace connection

Weather shield Weather shield

Refractory Lining

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Time in hr

dry-out Main burner type155 Natural Gas / excess air

Total air flow x 100 Nm3/hr

Total NG flow x 10 Nm3/hr

Delta P burner /10 mBarg

Temperature x 10 deg ºC

40 deg /hr

Start-up and Dry-out Clean Unit Open the WHB vent to atmosphere

Refractory Lining

Start-up and Dry-out Clean Unit Air dry by use of air blower temperature (70°C) Purge system with nitrogen Start the main burner at 5 to 25 % of max fuel gas load

Burner pressure drop approx 25 mmWC

After ignition: drop fuel gas as low possible / increase combustion air

After 15 to 30 minutes : stop burner, check temperature curve (fast rise and drop indicates flue gas temperature)

Follow the temperature curve for dry out - TAKE YOUR TIME At approx 800°C change the ratio to sub-stoichiometric

conditions

Start-up and Dry-out under Sulphur Conditions

Open the WHB vent to atmosphere Air dry by use of air blower temperature (70°C) Purge system with nitrogen Start the main burner 15 to 25% of max fuel gas

load Use Air / gas ratio at sub stoichiometric conditions. After ignition drop burner load to minimum of 10

mmWC combustion air pressure. To moderate temperature use nitrogen or steam. Follow the temperature curve for dry out. TAKE YOUR TIME

Tips, Tricks and Troubleshooting Open the WHB vent to atmosphere (this will drop WHB

outlet temperature and allows to operate with excess air) In-line burners

Flame colour: Know your gas composition! Natural Gas (C1) gives a blue-pink salmon colour at sub-

stoichiometric conditions Propane (C3) gives a more blue-yellow flame at sub-

stoichiometric conditions Raise combustion air flow approx 5%: if this results in a

temperature rise of 4 to 8°F you are running sub-stoichiometic

Starting the RGG/TGT/SCOT: have all systems running and prepare extra cooling

21

Duiker DFD 2 Flame detector

2012 Duiker Sulphur Recovery Unit

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The Flame Signal can be split into the following information:

Electro Magnetic Radiation Light (UV, VIS & IR)

Modulation Radiation

Mixing Process Flame Flickering

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T1

T2

Duiker DFD 2 Flame detector

Delta

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Duiker DFD 2 Flame detector

27

Duiker DFD 2 flame detector Data logger

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Duiker DFD 2 flame detector Data logger

Main Burner

LMV Burner Principle Combustion air

Acid gas

Fuel gas

Pilot burner or ignitor

Acid fuel gas gun

Register

Airnose

Burner Turndown Burner turndown is determined by the minimal flow through the burner restriction

P of acid gas + air + (fuel gas) 0,15 kPa

Design capacity is based on max. allowable P of acid gas and air (Max. 10 kPa).

Oxygen Enrichment Rich Acid Gas

Fuel gas

Rich acid gas

Air

O2

In-line Burners

Overall View - Reheater

Multiple in-line burners with pneumatically retractable ignitors

Incinerator

Tail Gas Incinerators

SRU tail gas incinerator being commissioned

Mixing

(Typical) Temperature and velocity

profile of incinerator with inlet nozzles

Low NOX Incinerator Burners

Different Flame Scanner Systems

UV scanners + Low cost scanner - Needs shutter system for safe guarding - Poor or no flame signal with steam injection IR scanner + Low cost scanner - Poor or no flame signal FG firing T scanner + No influence on steam / nitrogen injection - High cost scanner Combination scanner

How to Detect a Flame?

Spectral sensitivity range of the scanner

200 400 600 800 1000Wavelength (nm)

Rad

iant

Sen

sitiv

ity (A

/W)

SiliconGaP without filter GaP with UV-filterUV-tube

Dos and Don’ts Never remove a scanner wit a open ball valve as acid

gas can come out Checking the sight port for pollution: Exchange the

position of the scanner and a sight glass Run scanner cables through steel pipe in order to avoid

radiation in the cable (fail-safe self check) Avoid potential difference in ground systems (welding /

igniting) Avoid strong radio signals close to the scanner / cable /

amplifier Avoid temperature rise above 70 deg. C Check purge flow (min. 10 m3/h) and clean lens systems

Different Types of Thermocouples

Different Types of Thermocouples

Different Types of Pyrometers

Ignition Systems: Pilot Burner

The pilot burner is a small self supporting burner Gas pressure : 1,0 bar , air pressure 1,2 bar.

Pilot Burner Flames

Ignition Systems: Igniter

Duiker-Durag Unit generates 1500 volts

Unit retracted during operation

Operational life time of the tip is 14 hours of sparking

Start-up and Dry-out of Clean Unit

Close WHB blow off Start inline burners. Use same ratio

conditions as found for the main burner Extra caution you have to rely on

instruments only, use if possible a sacrifice type K thermocouple to monitor burner temperature

Take your time

Duiker Field Services

Bright Yellow Sulphur

Thank you for your kind attention

For more information:

www.duiker.com