Luciana M. Villanueva, Ph.D. Benguet State University

Knowledge society or knowledge economycharacterizes the university not just as a generatorof knowledge, an educator of young minds and atransmitter of culture but also as a major agent ofeconomic growth.

It is both a Research and Development laboratoryand a mechanism through which the nation buildsits human capital to enable it to actively participatein the global economy (Angeles, 2009).

The NHERA provides the policies, directions,priorities and thrusts of Philippine higher educationresearch in the medium to long term.

It encourages networking among HEIs, focusing onthemes wherein the members are or can be good at.

It promotes partnerships/collaboration of HEIs withother research institutions for the conduct ofresearch, and application of research outputs.

UNESCO World Declaration on Higher Educationaccents the important role of research in highereducation: “State policies must promote anddevelop research, which is a necessary feature of allhigher education systems, in all disciplines,including the human and social sciences and arts,given their relevance for development”.

Research in higher education across all disciplinesensures the continued growth and development ofthe entire higher education sector.

Networks or consortia shall be formed between andamong higher education institutions with researchexpertise in identified priority themes/ disciplines,to pool resources and allow sharing of theseresources for research capability building andconduct of research.

The nodes of the networks shall be Centers ofExcellence/Centers of Development, AutonomousHEIs and institutions with Level II-IV accreditedprograms in the priority discipline.

Networking

The Integrated Research Utilization Programsenabled SUCs to utilize technologies that they haddeveloped for their own Income GeneratingProjects.

Their technology-transfer activities gave rise tolivelihood projects that provided employment forbreadwinners in their host communities.Information dissemination activities will beexpanded under NHERA-2.

Support shall also be provided for the publicationof research papers in refereed journals.

The IRUP will be sustained with focus on utilizationof research outputs for income generating projectsthat will help SUCs generate more funds to befunneled back to research and instruction.

In the past, R &D in organic agriculture wasconducted by a handful of NGOs and the academe,notably UPLB, BSU, Xavier University, CLSU and afew other members of National Research System.

Mostly fragmented and were not implementedusing the systems approach that is peculiar toorganic agriculture R and D.

The projects can be classified into 2 :1. Those that meet the requirements of the

international and local standards for OA2. Those R and D that do not fit yet into the standards

OA as a sustainable production system encompasses the multi functions of agriculture and all interlinking factors.

Therefore, a paradigm shift is needed in the conduct of OA-RDE from highly specialized and discipline-based into trans-disciplinary and ecological or integrative.

Part of paradigm shift is a corresponding crosscutting concern on human health and well-being.This brings us to an important issue; there are somesetbacks in conventional farming in particularpesticide poisoning & suicide in our farmingcommunities in the Mt. Trail areas.In response, the RDE sector conceptualized anotherproject in 2009 Project PANSIGDAN Promotinghealth and well-being of our farmers.Project Pansigdan was established in 2009 to doresearch on the increasing suicide rate and extensionservices to bereaved families.

FINDINGS show that an important variable contributory to increasing suicide cases is the accessibility and availability of pesticides.

This also shows the importance of understanding the environmental and socio-economic determinants of health and well-being.

Organic Agriculture is therefore a safety net.

Likewise, the systems perspective must be theunderlying principle for the National OrganicVegetable RDE programNational Organic Vegetable R & D Program-outcome of a series of workshops conducted byPCAARRD and 6 consortia working on OA-RDE.

Uses Conventional varieties and seedsInsufficient organic inputs

Low yields in farms under conversion

Pest problems with no viable organic Control

Segregation concerns

Proper handling

Packaging

Processing concerns

Few market outlets

Lack of proper promotion

Labelling

FOOD SAFETY CONCERNS

IRREGULAR SUPPLY

HIGH PERISHABILITY

HIGH PRICES

LOW PREFERENCE

INPUT PRODUCTION POSTHARVEST MARKET CONSUMER

Current Situation of the Organic Vegetable Industry

Organic varieties and seeds

Availability of organic inputs

Nutrient management products ( organic fertilizers and microbials)

Bio control agents

Segregation

Proper handling

Organic Packaging

Processing methods/

Separate organic corners in major markets

Proper Promotion

Labelling

Safe and Nutritious Organic Vegetables

Increased Supply

Improved packaging

Reasonable Prices

Increased Preference

INPUT PRODUCTION POSTHARVEST MARKET CONSUMER

RDE Interventions for the Organic Vegetable Industry

Technology Packaging

and Promotion

Supply Chain & Documentation

Policy Analysis/ Advocacy

(Program 1)

On-station Trials/ On-Farm Trials/

Experimental Plot

Varietal Evaluation, Organic Seed

Production R&D (Progam 2)

Biopesticides(Program 4)

Organic and Microbial Fertilizers (Program 3)

Organic Farm

Farmers

Organic Input

Providers

Traders

Consumers

Researchers

Budget: P M

Figure 1 . Operational Framework of the National R&D Program on Organic Vegetables

NATIONAL ORGANIC VEGETABLE R & D

PROGRAMFUNDED BY: PCAARRD

National Organic Vegetables

Research and Development

Program

Variety Evaluation

Socio-Economics

Organic Fertilizers

Pest Management

Socio-Economics and Policy Support Towards Enhancing the Organic Vegetables Industry in

the Philippines

Organic Producers and

Trade association (OPTA)

CLSU

CSU

CaVSU

BSU

NVSU

Variety Evaluation, On-Farm Trials and Seed Production of Organic

Vegetables in the Philippines

UPLB

BSU

CLSU

MOSCAT

DA-Region I

PAC

Organic Fertilizers and Microbial for

Improved Soil Fertility in Organic

Vegetable Production

CLSU

BSU

MMSUUPLB

CSU

MOSCAT

CLSU

BSU

MMSU

UPLB

PAC

Development of Pest Management Systems Products and Systems for

Organic Vegetable Production in the

PhilippinesNVSU

Region 10

Priority crops

REGION CROPSCAR cabbage, potato, carrot, garden pea,

tomato, and Chinese cabbage

Region 1 eggplant, pepper, tomato, okra, pole sitao, garlic, and ampalaya

Region 2 Tomato, eggplant, squash, garlic and pepper

Region 3 eggplant, string beans, pechay, tomato, squash, okra, onion, muskmelon and ampalaya

Region 4 eggplant, ampalaya, tomato, sitao, lettuce, pepper, squash and cucumber.

Region 10 eggplant, tomato, ampalaya, cucumber, pechay and sweet pepper

Summary of deliverables for Project 3Region

Crops CAR 1 3 2 4 10 Test Variety

Ampalaya SL SLM SL Sta. RitaCabbage SLM ScorpioChinese Cabbage SLMCarrot SL Kuroda Type OPCucmber SL BituinEggplant SLM SL ? MestizaGarden Pea SM CGP 14Garlic SLM SLM Ilocos WhiteLettuce SLOkra SLM Smooth GreenOnion SLM shallots = TanduyongPechay Black BehiPepper SL ? SLM SLM Inokra, Sinagtala, California WonderPole Sitao SLM SL SLM Sandigan, CSL 19Potato SLM Gloria PatatasSquash SL SL SL RizalinaSalad Tomato ?

Tomato SLM SLMSL (M) ? Rosanna, Kalabasa-type

Priority pests by crop and regionsCrop Region Insect pests Diseases

Cabbage CAR Cutworm , aphids , flea beetles black rot, leaf spot Potato CAR Leaf miner, thrips, mole cricket, Bacterial wilt, late blight Garden Pea CAR Leaf miner, pod borer, thrips Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew Carrot CAR Mole cricket, cutworm, ants Powdery mildew, Root-knot nem

Eggplant1, 2, 3, 4, 10

Fruit borer (1, 2, 3, 4, 10), leaf hopper (1, 3, 4 ),epilachna beetle (1, 4 ), thrips (1, ) , White fly(4)

Phomopsis (1, 2), root rot (1, ), BW (10)

PepperCAR, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10

Mites(1, 4 ), Thrips (1, ,2 ), Fruit fly (1, 10 ), leaf hopper (2, ), White fly (4)

Mottling (1, ), Anthracnose (2, ), Leaf spot (10), BW (10)

TomatoCAR, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10

Fruit worm (CAR, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10), white fly (CAR, 1, 3 , 4), Fruit fly (CAR, ), Thrips (3, ), Leaf miner (4)

Early blight (1,10 ) late blight (CAR, 1, 3 10), BW (CAR, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10), TMV (1, 3, 4 ), fruit rot (2, ). Leaf spot (3, ), FW (3, )

Ampalaya 1, 3, 4, 10Fruit fly (1, 3, 10), whitefly (1, ), aphids (1, ), leaf worm (3, )

Leaf spot (1, 3, ), BW (10)

Cucumber 4, 10 Mildews (10)Melon 3 Leaf miner (3, ) Fruit worm (3, ), Mites (3, ) Mildews (3, ), blight (3, )Squash 2, 3, 4,

Pole Sitao 1, 3, 4Pod borer (1, 3, 4 ), aphids (1, 3, 4), leaf rollers (1, ), Bean fly (4 )

Leaf blight (1, ), leaf mottling (1, ), Mildews (3, )

Okra 1, 3 Leafhopper (1. 3) Powdery mildew (1, 3), Leaf mold (3)Pechay 3, 4 Webworm (3, ), Flea beetles (3, ) Rhizoctonia blight (3, )Onion 3Leafminer (3) Twister (3, ), bulb rot (3, )

Crop Region Variety/Seeds Biofertilizers Biopesticides for Biopesticides for

Cabbage CAR Var Rec (V)Local BeneficialMicroorganism (BM)

Cutworm , aphids , flea beetles black rot, leaf spot

Lettuce 4 VEnhanced Natural Farm Inputs (NFI)

Potato CAR V, Seeds (S)Local BM Leaf miner, thrips, mole cricket, late blight

Garden Pea CAR V, S Rihzobia strains Leaf miner, pod borer, thrips Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew

Carrot CAR VLocal BM Mole cricket, cutworm, ants Powdery mildew, Root-knot

nematode

Eggplant 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 V, SEnhanced NFI Fruit borer , leaf hopper, epilachna

beetle, thrips, White flyPhomopsis, root rot,

PepperCAR, 1, 2,

3, 4, 10 V, S

Strains of Plant Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR)

Mites, Thrips, Fruit fly, leaf hopper, White fly

Mottling , Anthracnose, Leaf spot ,

TomatoCAR, 1, 2,

3, 4, 10 V, SEnhanced NFI with Bio-N Fruit worm, white fly, Fruit fly, Thrips,

Leaf minerEarly blight late blight,, fruit rot. Leaf spot , FW

Ampalaya 1, 3, 4, 10 V, SPGPR strains Fruit fly, whitefly, aphids , leaf worm Leaf spot ,

Cucumber 4, 10 V, S PGPR strains/Local BM Mildews Melon 3 V, S Enhanced NFI Leaf miner, Fruit worm , Mites Mildews, blightSquash 2, 3, 4, V, S PGPR strains

Pole Sitao 1, 3, 4 V, S Rhizobia strainsPod borer , aphids , leaf rollers , Bean fly Leaf blight , leaf mottling , Mildews

Okra 1, 3 V, S PGPR strains Leafhopper Powdery mildew , Leaf mold Pechay 3, 4 V Enhanced NFI Webworm , Flea beetles Rhizoctonia blight Garlic 1, 2 V, S Bio-N with PGPROnion 3 V Bio-N with PGPR Leafminer Twister , bulb rot

Summary of product lines for Projects 2, 3 and 4

Field day- Puerto PincesaDecember 8, 2011

SP-2..Palawan December 9, 2012

Mapagpalahi… Rated X

Field day, PACFeb 9, 2012

SP-3 RomblonJan 27, 2012

Mamamanis… mga makalupa

SP-4… NVSUJan 30, 2012

Kapestehan

Organic market, BSU

34

CAR Organic Vegetable R&D

ProgramBio PesticidesBio Fertilizers

Varietal Evaluation

VARIETAL

VEGETABLES Recommended Varieties

Chinese Cabbage 5

Cabbage 5

Carrots 5

Garden Pea 5

Tomato

Table type 3

Cherry 3

Potato 6

Bio PesticidesFor Diseases 3

For Insect Pests 6

Bio FertilizersLiquid 4

Solid 2

Microbials 2

CLSU

BSU

MMSU

UPLB

PAC

Development of Pest Management Systems Products and Systems for

Organic Vegetable Production in the

PhilippinesNVSU

Region 10

3 Bio-fungicides6 Bio Insecticides

3 Bio Insecticides3 Bio Fungicides

4 Bio Insecticides2 Bio Fungicides

2 Bio Insecticides 3 Bio Fungicides

OTHER ORGANIC PROGRAMS FUNDED BY PCAARRD

ORGANIC COFFEE• Robusta - CavSu• Arabica - BSU

ORGANIC MUSCOVADO• UP Visayas• Central Philippine State University

OTHER NATIONALORGANIC R&D PROGRAMS• ORGANIC FRUITS

– Mango– Banana– Etc.

• ORGANIC POULTRY• ORGANIC LIVESTOCK

COMPLETED PROJECTS

Binnadang Among CARASUCS in

Producing Organic Highland Crops: A

Strategy to Enhance Employability of AFNR Students and Graduates

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASSIST

ASC

KASC

BINNADANG PROGRAMCollaboratively implemented by all SUCs, coordinated by HARRDEC and BSU as the

Project Management Office

GETC TRAININGS

ASIST

MPSPC

Technopreneurial Learning Projects(TLPs)

The four (4) TLPs of the six (6) CARSUCs were improved andupgraded in terms of the acquisition of supplemental equipment,supplies and materials.

These TLPs include: 1) Organic Strawberry Production; 2) Bio-fertilizer Production; 3) Organic Highland Vegetable Production;and 4) Potato-Carrot-Mushroom Flours and Products.

Integrated R&D Program for Organic

Vegetables, Legumes and Rootcrops in Benguet

Sen. Edgardo J. Angara

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASSIST

ASC

KASC

Integrated AgroforestrySystems RDE In CAR

Sen. Edgardo J. Angara

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASSIST

ASC

KASC

Improving the Fish-Shell Production In CAR

Sen . Edgardo J. Angara

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASSIST

ASC

KASC

Improving the Textile Industry in CAR

Sen. Edgardo J. Angara

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASIST

ASC

KASC

Integrated RDE for Rice & Vegetable Terraces Conservation in CAR

Sen. Edgardo J. Angara

BSU

IFSU

MPSPC

ASSIST

ASC

KASC

ORGANIC VEGETABLE PROCESSING IN COLLABORATION WITH

LA TRINIDAD ORGANIC PRACTITIONERS

Violeta B. Salda, Ph. D.Cristine B. Esnara

Benguet State University

Classification (DTI): Micro Scale Vegetable Processing Unit with 10-200Kg/Day