benefits of iec61850
TRANSCRIPT
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Objective
To provide a framework forsubstation engineers to identify
the benefits of using IEC61850technology for substation
automation (SA) projects.
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Overview
Justification Dilemma Legacy Approaches
SCADA
Protection
Networking Based Approaches SCADA
Protection
Benefits
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The Justification Dilemma
COSTSBENEFITS
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The Justification Dilemma
Engineers View of Justification
COSTS
BENEFITS
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The Justification Dilemma
Accountants View of Justification
COSTS
BENEFITS
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The Tragedy of Automation
There are no benefits
without some cost
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Keys to Successful Justification
Identify all the benefits (obvious).
Identify ALL the costs: Equipment
Installation
Engineering Commissioning
Utilization Costs
Impact on External Systems
Costs to Change/Migrate in Future
Intangibles (new capability)
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Identifying ALL Costs
Requires a complete view of cost.
You cant justify an IEC61850 device by
examining only the price of the device.
- OR -
The benefit of an IEC61850 device isnot in the price of the relay.
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Identifying ALL Costs
Requires a longer time frame.
It is hard to justify any system by
examining only the purchase price.
- OR -
Benefits are received as systems are
used, not when they are purchased.
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Justification
C
ost
TimePurchase
Payback
BENE
FIT
BENE
FITTraditionalApproaches
IEC61850
Approaches
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IEC61850 is Unique
Not a recast serial RTU protocol
Designed specifically for LANs to lower life
cycle cost to use a device: Cost to install, configure, and maintain
Real object-oriented approach for SA: Supports standardized device models using names
instead of custom object numbers and indexes.
Standardized configuration language (SCL).
Feature rich with support for functions difficult to
implement otherwise.
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Ground Rules
Qualitative analysis based oncomparison of legacy approaches
versus IEC61850 approach
Simplified Examples Shown.
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Substation Networks
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Legacy SubstationNetwork Architecture
IED IED IED
Driver 1 Driver 2 Driver 3
Application 1 Application 2
Tag Data Base
IED IED
Gateway/RTU
?
ExternalApplications
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Legacy SubstationArchitecture Specialized point to point links to IEDs.
Applications must deal with numerous: Protocols Data Formats Data Addressing
Protocols used have limited capabilities.
Difficult or no access point for other apps. Comm. path must be reconfigured when
new devices or applications are added.
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IEC61850 Network Architecture
Network Hub
IED IED IEDGateway
IED IED IED
Legacy Devices
Substation Applications
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Data from IEDs available to allapplications via network.
Comm path unaffected when addingdevices or applications.
Standard net. gear provides high perf. &flexibility with environmental protection.
Applications and IEDs share common:
Protocols Data Format and Context Data Addressing/naming Conventions Configuration Language
IEC61850 Network Architecture
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Legacy SCADA View of Data
SCADA Tag Data Base
Flat set
of tags
Applications
Applications Access Data by Tag
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Legacy SCADA Data Access
SCADA
Feeder #2 Current ishere in Register
400020.
Thats intuitive!?
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Legacy SCADA View of Data Proprietary tag formats.
Arcane addressing: Driver Wire Rack Device Register/Index # Network
Manually entered.
Manually verified.
Applications tied to tag or free form alias. Any tag conventions are proprietary.
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Anatomy of an IEC61850 Object Model
Physical Device(network address)
Logical Device
(e.g. Relay1)
MMXU1 MMXU2
APhV
Logical Nodes
Feeder #2 Current
MeasurementsIn Relay1
Data Objects
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Brand Y
IEC61850 View of Devices
Brand X
IOC Relay
PIOCMeasurements
MMXU1
ST DC
Mod Mod
DC MX
PhV PhV
Diff Relay
PDIFMeasurements
MMXU1
ST DC
Mod Mod
DC MX
PhV PhV
MMXU1$MX$PhV
IEC61850-8-1 Name
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IEC61850 View of Devices Only network addressing requires configuration in
the remote client. Point names portray the meaning and hierarchy of
the data with no mapping to I/O required.
Point names can be retrieved from the deviceautomatically without manual intervention.
All devices share a common naming convention.
Device configurations can be exchanged usingIEC61850-6-1 (SCL) files
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Benefits
Reduced configuration costs from common
naming and automatic point configuration
and retrieval.
Equipment migrations occur with minimalimpact on applications.
Application changes have minimal effecton devices, network or other applications.
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JustificationDescription Legacy Impact
EquipmentPurchase $ $$ -
Installation $ $ 0
Configuration $$$ $ +EquipmentMigration
$$$ $ +
ApplicationAdditions
$$$ $ +
IEC61850
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Small Co-op Experience Substation Modernization Pilot did 2
substations DNP3.0 over TCP and UDP
UCA2.0 (subset of IEC61850)
Time to get DNP3 relay configured andcommunicating: ~ 8 hours
Time to get UCA/IEC61850 relay configured
and communicating: 20 minutes $325K Cost Savings for overall deployment
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Substation to ControlCenter
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Legacy Substation to Control Center
Control Center
SCADADriver Driver
Modem
Phone
Line
To Other
Substations
Other Applications
IED IED. . .
Modem RTU
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Low speed modem links to RTUs in
substation.
Other applications access through SCADA.
Every substation has separate access.
Every application and node must be
configured for access.
Legacy Substation to Control Center
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Substation
IEC61850 CC-Substation Integration
WAN
IED IED IED. . .
Control Center Applications
Router & Firewalls
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Creates a single virtual network that
eliminates barriers to data access.
Applications access data independently.
Market driven solutions expandingrapidly for WAN:
Wireless
Frame Relay/ATM Metropolitan Fiber rings
IEC61850 CC-Substation Integration
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Benefits Performance and flexibility:
Network migration
Application migration
System capabilities
Eliminates config dependencies: add a
point w/o reconfiguring intervening equip.
Improved maintainability via use of
generic widely available technology.
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JustificationDescription Legacy IEC61850 Impact
EquipmentPurchase
$ $$ -
Installation $$ $ +
Configuration $$ $ +
Equip/AppMigration
$$$ $ +
Flexibility &Capability
$$$ $ +
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Large Midwestern Utility Using Legacy Protocols:
40-50 manhours to configure an RTU for data collection
using legacy RTU protocol.
Using IEC61850: Press a button and retrieve the point list from the
devices.no need for an RTU.
Network devices and configuration at much lower cost.
Instead of spending time configuring RTUs they will beintegrating more substations.
Already have corporate WANonly need to use it.
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Relay to RelayApplications
a.k.a. Peer-to-Peer messaging
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Legacy Architecture
Relay 1Breaker Relay 3 Breaker
Relay 2
Breaker
Relay 4
Breaker
1
5
4
2
3
6
Hardwired signals for
relay to relay links
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Requires N*(N-1)/2 links for N relays.
Requires filtering on links to prevent
false trips.
Reprogramming can require rewiring.
Dont know if links are working untilyou use them.
Legacy Architecture
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IEC61850 Network Architecture
Relay 1
Breaker
Relay 2
Breaker
Relay 3
Breaker
Relay 4
Breaker
Network HubGOOSE -
GSSE
GOOSE - Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (data sets)
GSSE Generic Substation Status Event (status)
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Relays share a common network making
sophisticated protection schemes possible. Number of links for N relays is N and
shared with SCADA.
Relays send their status to all other relaysat once using GOOSE.
Status exchanged continuously.
High performance.
IEC61850 Network Architecture
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Benefits
Reduction of wiring costs
More flexible programming is independentof wiring
Reliability: Link status known before use.
New capabilities not cost-effective with
hardwired systems. Higher performance with more data.
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Hardwired Performance
Signal
TimeRelayEnergizes
Contact
ContactsClose
InputThresholdReached
8-20ms
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Network Performance
Signal
TimeRelaySends
Data to I/F
RelayReceivesData from I/F
< 4 ms
Network accessand collision
resolution
Using GSSE
over Ethernet
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Improved Performance Network access resolves very fast
(even with collisions) Duplex Ethernet switches eliminate
collisions
Data is transmitted multiple times to avoidmissing data.
Digital error checking instead of analogfiltering.
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JustificationDescription Legacy IEC61850 Impact
EquipmentPurchase $ $$ -
Installation $$ $ +
Configuration $ $ 0Protectionchanges $$$ $ +
Flexibility $$$ $ +
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Transducer Interfaces
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Legacy Approach
ProtectionRelay
BayController
A/D A/D A/D A/DInput Input
Voltagesand
currents
Voltagesand
currentsBreakerStatus
BreakerStatus
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Legacy Approach Individually and redundantly wired to all
devices needing the same signals: CTs PTs Status Inputs
Outputs Each individual sensor must be calibrated and
maintained separately.
Incremental cost is exponential (signals x devices) Result is minimization of I/O
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9-2 Process Bus
IEC61850 Approach
Merging Unit (MU)
A/D A/D Input
Voltagesand
currents
BreakerStatus
Ethernet
BayController
ProtectionRelay
FaultRecorder
RTU
Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet
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IEC61850-9-2 Process Bus Transducer and I/O signals are shared via a
network.
Only one transducer or I/O point per signal.
Minimization of calibration and maintenance.
Incremental cost is linear (signals only)
Future: Integrated MU with digital fiber optic
transducers
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Justification
Description Legacy IEC61850 Impact
EquipmentPurchase
$$ $ +
Installation$$$ $ +
Configuration $$ $ +
Flexibility $$$ $ +
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Conclusion IEC61850 substation architectures
provide significant benefits to users.
Key intangible: flexibility toaccomplish new objectives that aretoo costly (or not possible) withlegacy technology.
Justification is challenging butrealistic.
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Thank You
Ralph Mackiewicz
SISCO, Inc.
6605 19 Mile RoadSterling Heights, MI 48314 USA
Tel: +586-254-0020
Fax: +586-254-0053E-Mail: [email protected]