bellringer compare and explain in complete sentences what is a saturated solution
TRANSCRIPT
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BELLRINGER
Compare and explain in complete
sentences what is
a saturated solution.
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Previous homework
Finish and submit 4 BRs for the previous week.
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SOLUTIONSIII
Water and Solutions
Concentration and Solubility
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4 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Suppose you dissolve 10.0 g of sugar in 90.0 g of water. What is the mass percent concentration of sugar in the solution?
Asked: The mass percent concentration
Given: 10 g of solute (sugar) and 90 g of solvent (water)
Relationships: 100%mass of solute
concentrationtotal mass of solution
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5 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Suppose you dissolve 10.0 g of sugar in 90.0 g of water. What is the mass percent concentration of sugar in the solution?
Asked: The mass percent concentration
Given: 10 g of solute (sugar) and 90 g of solvent (water)
Relationships:
Solve:
100%mass of solute
concentrationtotal mass of solution
10
100%10 90
10%g sugar
concentrationg of solution
sugar
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6 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
( )( )
( )
( )( / )
( )
( )(%) 100
( )
,
mass of solute gconcentration g L
volume of solution L
mass of solute gconcentration
m
mol
ass of solution
es of solute mmol
oleconcentration
volume of solarity M
n
g
utio L
Concentration
There are several ways to express concentration
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7 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Concentration
Calculate the molarity of a salt solution made by adding 6.0 g of NaCl to 100 mL of distilled water.
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8 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Calculate the molarity of a salt solution made by adding 6.0 g of NaCl to 100 mL of distilled water.
Concentration
Asked: Molarity of solution
Given: Volume of solution = 100.0 mL, mass of solute (NaCl) = 6.0 g
Relationships:
22.99 35.45 58.44 /
1,000 1.0 , 100 0.10
molesM
L
Formula mass of NaCl g mole
mL L therefore mL L
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9 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Calculate the molarity of a salt solution made by adding 6.0 g of NaCl to 100 mL of distilled water.
Concentration
Asked: Molarity of solution
Given: Volume of solution = 100.0 mL, mass of solute (NaCl) = 6.0 g
Relationships:
Solve:
22.99 35.45 58.44 /
1,000 1.0 , 100 0.10
molesM
L
Formula mass of NaCl g mole
mL L therefore mL L
0.
0.1031.03
16.0
58.
0.100
344
10mole NaCl
moles NaCl g NaClg NaC
mole
moles Na
s
Cl
M
l
ML
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10 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Calculate the molarity of a salt solution made by adding 6.0 g of NaCl to 100 mL of distilled water.
Concentration
Asked: Molarity of solution
Given: Volume of solution = 100.0 mL, mass of solute (NaCl) = 6.0 g
Relationships:
Solve:
Answer: 1.03 M solution of NaCl
22.99 35.45 58.44 /
1,000 1.0 , 100 0.10
molesM
L
Formula mass of NaCl g mole
mL L therefore mL L
16.0 0.103
58.4
0.
4
103
0.101 03
0.
mole NaClmoles NaCl g NaCl moles NaCl
g NaCl
Mmoles
ML
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11 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
sugar
100 mLH2O
10 g
What happens when you add 10 g of sugar to 100 mL of water?
Conc. (%) = 10 g/110 g
Solubility
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12 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
100 mLH2O
What happens when you add 10 g of sugar to 100 mL of water?
Conc. (%) = 10 g/110 g
Water molecules dissolve sugar molecules
sugar10 g
Solubility
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13 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
What happens when you add 10 g of sugar to 100 mL of water?
But when two sugar molecules find each other, they will become “undissolved” (solid) again…
Solubility
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14 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
What happens when you add 10 g of sugar to 100 mL of water?
But when two sugar molecules find each other, they will become “undissolved” (solid) again…
… then, they become redissolved in water again.
Solubility
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15 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
What happens when you add 10 g of sugar to 100 mL of water?
This is an aqueous equilibrium!
Equilibrium
Solubility
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16 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Solubility
low
high
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n
Equilibrium
dissolving “undissolving”
10 g sugar
100 mLH2O Conc. (%) = 10 g/110 g
20oC
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17 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Solubility
low
high
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n
Equilibrium
dissolving “undissolving”
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18 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
saturation: situation that occurs when the amount of dissolved solute in a solution gets high enough that the rate of “undissolving” matches the rate of dissolving.
Equilibrium
dissolving “undissolving”
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19 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
saturation: situation that occurs when the amount of dissolved solute in a solution gets high enough that the rate of “undissolving” matches the rate of dissolving.
204 g sugar
100 mLH2O Conc. = 204 g/100 mL
20oC
Solubility
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20 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Solubility
low
high
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n
Equilibrium
dissolving “undissolving”
250 g sugar
100 mLH2O
Conc. = 250 g/100 mL
20oC
Undissolved sugar
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21 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
210 gsugar
100 mLH2O
20oC
Undissolved sugar
Temperature and solubility
210 gsugar
100 mLH2O
30oC
All the sugar is dissolved
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22 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Temperature has an effect on solubility
Temperature and solubility
210 gsugar
100 mLH2O
20oC
Undissolved sugar
210 gsugar
100 mLH2O
30oC
All the sugar is dissolved
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23 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
ACTIVITY
READ THE TEXTBOOK FROM PAGE 239.
WORK PROBLEMS FROM PAGES 244 and 245.
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24 9.2 Concentration and Solubility
Homework
FINISH YOUR ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT AND SUBMIT IT
TOMORROW.