Bell Work1-23-12

An experiment should be controlled because it allows the scientist to test a

a. conclusionb. a mass of informationc. several variablesd. a single variable

So what is a cell?

A Cell is…

The most basic unit of organization that can be considered as life.

Original Cell Theoryhttp://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/unity/cell.text.htm

Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden , 1839

1) The cell is the unit of structure, physiology, and organization in living things. 2) The cell retains a dual existence as a distinct entity and a building block in the construction of organisms. 3) Cells form by free-cell formation, similar to the formation of crystals (spontaneous generation).

Cell Theory

Spontaneous Generation was part of the original cell theory

Spontaneous Generation: http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/vrchemistry/chapter26/page02.htm

Modern Cell Theory1. All known living things are made up of cells. 2. The cell is the structural & functional unit of all living

things.3. All cells come from pre-existing cells by division.

(Spontaneous Generation does not occur).4. Cells contain hereditary information which is passed from

cell to cell during cell division.5. All cells are basically the same in chemical composition. 6. All energy flow (metabolism & biochemistry) of life occurs

within cells.

70

There are 2 fundamental types of cells

There are 2 types of cellshttp://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cells/common.html

What are the two types of cells?

Two Types of Cells http://www.biologymad.com/

http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fancher/ProkEuk.htm http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cells/common.htmlhttp://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap2.html#Eukaryotic

http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fancher/CellStructure.htmCells Alive: http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

1. Prokaryotes2. Eukaryotes

Life on Marshttp://www.actionbioscience.org/biodiversity/salyers2.html?print

Life on Jupiter’s Moon Europa?

What do you think?

History of the Universehttp://www.historyoftheuniverse.com/archaebact.html

There are 2 types of cellsProkaryotic Eukaryotic

Page 195 Page 195

Cell that lacks internal structures surrounded by membranes.

Organisms that have cells containing internal, membrane-bound structures.

Usually single-celled organisms. Organelle: Each has its own membrane.

Nucleoli rather than nucleus

Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Monera (Eubacteria)

Kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungae, Animalia.

Appeared 3.5 billion years ago Evolved 1.5 billion years ago

Kingdoms and Cell Typehttp://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/six_kingdoms/index.htm

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/32547/archaea

http://faculty.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/3domain/3domain.html

Prokaryote – Eubacteria / Monera

Unicellular ProkaryotesArchaebacteria: Found in extreme environments

Protista – The Protozoans Eukaryotes

Euglena Amoeba Paramecium

Plant Cell / Eukaryote

Animal Cell / Eukaryote

Cell Partshttp://www.biology.arizona.edu/CELL_BIO/tutorials/pev/page3.html

www.cellsalive.com http://www.johnkyrk.com/CellIndex.html

Plant Cell Coloring Sheet http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/cell_color_plant.htmlAnimal Cell Coloring Sheethttp://www.biologyjunction.com/biology_coloring_worksheets.htm Human Cellhttp://www.crayola.com/free-coloring-pages/print/human-cell-coloring-page/

Take Notes and Color Your Cell

Animal Cell

1. Nucleolus: black

2. Nucleoplasm: pink

3. Nuclear Membrane: dark brown

Plant Cell

Nucleolus: black

Nucleoplasm: pink

Nuclear Membrane: dark brown

Chromatin: gray

Page 196-199

Define:• Nucleus• Nucleolus• Nuclear Membrane• Nucleoplasm• Chromatin

Parts of a Cell

• Nucleus: the largest membrane bound organelle; contains the cell’s DNA and manages cell function.

• Nucleolus: Region within the nucleus that produces ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis

• Nuclear Membrane: The membrane of the nucleus

Parts of a Cell

• Nucleoplasm: The fluid contained within the nucleus of a eukaryote in which the chromosomes and nucleoli are found.

• Chromatin: long tangled strands of DNA found in the interphase nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Cell Function Review

Great Cells Alive

1-24-12Finish ColoringFinish Defining

Read 189 to 208Page 212, 1-9

Write and answer the questions

Animal Cell

1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: light blue

2. Ribosomes: red

3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: dark blue

4. Cell Membrane: light brown

Plant Cell1. Smooth endoplasmic

reticulum: light blue

2. Ribosomes: red

3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: dark blue

4. Chloroplast: light green

5. Cell Membrane: light brown

Page 196-199

Define:• Ribosomes• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum• Chloroplast• Cell Membrane

Parts of a Cell

• Ribosomes: Eukaryotic organelles involved in protein synthesis

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: folded, complex system of membranes forming a type of transport system in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. No ribosomes.

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: with ribosomes

Parts of a Cell• Chloroplast: chlorophyll containing organelle

found in green plants and some protists; site where light energy is converted into chemical energy, which is stored in food molecules

Cell Membrane: found in plant and animal cells; also called the plasma membrane. Serves as the boundary between the cell and its external environment and allows materials such as oxygen and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave.

Animal Cell

1. Microtubules: dark green

2. Lysosomes: pink

3. Mitochondria: dark brown

4. Golgi Apparatus: pink

5. Flagella: red and blue striped

Plant Cell

1. Mitochondria: dark brown

2. Golgi Apparatus: pink

3. Vacuole: light blue

Page 196-199

Define:1. Microtubules2. Lysosomes3. Mitochondria4.Golgi Apparatus5.Flagella6.Vacuole

Parts of a Cell

• Microtubules: hollow, thin, protein cylinders found in the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells; important in cell structure and locomotion

• Lysosomes: membrane bound organelles containing enzymes that digest food particles, viruses, bacteria, worn-out cell parts, and sometimes the cell itself

Parts of a Cell

• Mitochondrion: Eukaryotic membrane-bound organelle in which food molecules are broken down to produce ATPs; containing highly folded inner membrane that produces energy-storing molecules

• Golgi Apparatus: membrane sacs that receive, chemically modify, and repackage proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep stored

Parts of a Cell

• Flagella: long, threadlike structures composed of microtubules, project from within the plasma membrane and propel cells and organisms by a whip like motion

• Vacuole: membrane-bound, fluid-filled space within the cytoplasm; temporarily stores food, enzymes, and wastes

Chapter 7

Finish ColoringFinish Defining

Read 189 to 208

Write and answer the questionsPage 212, 1-9

You Tube Cell Videos

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTicXXxzQA4, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg&feature=related, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8&feature=related, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LP7xAr2FDFU&feature=related

Congratulations!

• Enjoy this crossword puzzle.

http://education.jlab.org/sciencecrossword/cell_structures_01.pdf

http://go.hrw.com/resources/go_sc/bpe/HL1RCELV.PDF