December 7, 2010Lauren Unkefer

Behavior Modification

What it is Benefits Steps involved What it looks like Arguments against

Outline

What it is

Behavior Modification:› Techniques

involving environmental manipulations to change behavior. (Martin, 1999)

What it is

Subcategories:› Applied behavior

analysis (ABA)› Behavior therapy

(Kearney, 2008)

Benefits

Provides a classroom behavior plan

Quick and easy It works

(Martin, 1999)

Steps involved

Screening Base-line Treatment Follow-up

(Martin, 1999)

Screening

Identify problem behavior

Discover cause

(Martin, 1999)

Screening: Problem Behavior

Identify problem behavior› Deficits or excesses› Patterns

(Martin, 1999)

Screening: Cause

Functional Assessment› Cause

Attention Self-stimulation Environmental

consequences Escape Respondents

› How assess?(Martin, 1999)

Question

Baseline

Baseline: amount of desired behavior occurrences in a normal setting.

Define desired behavior

Collect data

(Martin, 1999)

Baseline: Desired Behavior

Define(Martin, 1999)

Use cause› Intervention › Elimination

Positive

Baseline Assessment

Mon

day

Tues

day

Wed

nesd

ay

Thur

sday

Frid

ay0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Positive behaviorStudents in class

Question

Treatment

Treatment: the solution in action.

Plan› Purpose: to

encourage desired behavior.

(Martin, 1999)

Treatment:The Plan

Includes› Method to

publically record behavior

› Reinforcement

Plan Example: Symbols

Names on board Symbols (points)

› Positive: * (+3)› Negative: / (-2)

Record points Reinforce

(Rockwell, 1993)

Plan Example: Daily Point Sheet Set goals Record

accomplishments Reinforce

› Play money› Class “store”

(Rockwell, 1993)

Subject

Goal 1

Goal 2

Goal 3

Goal 4

Goal 5

Math 2 2 0 2 2

Spelling

1 0 2 2 2

Read 2 1 2 2 0

Treatment:Reinforce

Item Rewards› Candy› Marshmallows› Erasers› Games› Notebooks› Stickers

(Rockwell, 1993)

Treatment:Reinforce

Social Rewards› Painting› Clay› Computer› Listening to CDs

(Rockwell, 1993)

Verbal Reinforcement

Question

Follow-up

Data: solution working?

Reversal-Replication (ABAB) Research design

Multiple-Baseline design across behaviors(Martin, 1999)

Follow-up: Reversal-Replication Baseline Treatment Reversal Treatment

(Martin, 1999)

Base

line

Trea

tmen

t

Rever

sal

Trea

tmen

t0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Positive Be-havior Occu-rances (Base-line)PBO (Treat-ment)PBO (Re-versal)

Follow-up:Multiple-Baseline Baseline

(multiple subjects)

Begin treatment with one subject

If it works, add another subject(Martin, 1999)

Base

line

(Mat

h)

(Rea

ding

)

(Spe

lling

)0

1

2

3

4

5

6

MathReadingSpelling

Question & Activity

What it looks like …

Classroom› http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=XroJtR9gQc8

Single student› http://www.youtube.co

m/watch?v=im04U9Be4mA&feature=related

Negatives

Bribery(Rockwell, 1993)

Ignores bad behavior(Kearney, 2008)

Behavior focus(Mars Hill Church)

What it is Benefits Steps involved What it looks like Arguments against

Review

astrid447. (2008, October 29) ABA Therapy for Autism [Video file]. Retrieved from http://

www.youtube.com/user/astrid447Biffle, Chris. (2007,November 08) Whole Brain

Teaching: 6th Grade, Classroom Management [Video file]. Retrieved from

http://www.youtube.com/user/ChrisBiffle#p/u/3/XroJtR9gQc8

Kearney, A.J. (2008). Understanding Applied Behavior Analysis, (27-28;84-86). Philadelphia, PA: Thomson-Shore, Inc.Mars Hill Church (2008, February 12) Destroying

Behavior Modification [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/user/mhcseattle#p/search/2/VHj6Jm7Y5Ek

Martin, G., & Pear, J. (1999). Behavior modification: What it is and how to do

it. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall.Rockwell, S. (1993). Tough to reach, though to

teach: Students with behavior problems, (27-39;55). Reston, Virginia: The Council for Exceptional Children.

References