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CAREER PATHWAYS IN TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION (CP-TLE)

Home Economics I Beauty Care

Quarter 3: Basic Pedicure

Module in Basic Designs in Pedicure

Pedicure services are given to both male and female customers.

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In this module, you will learn about the history and fundamentals of pedicure;

the hows of achieving good and healthy toenails; the structure, parts, shapes, and disorders/diseases of the nails; the uses/functions of tools, implements, supplies, equipment and materials used in pedicure, the step-by-step procedure in giving a pedicure; basic pedicure designs; basic foot massage; and how to prepare and interpret details of a job order.

Each lesson comes with activities designed to measure your progress in each leasson. Thus, you have to answer each to the best of your ability and as honestly as you can. Hopefully, at the end of this module, you will feel confident enough to take on your first customer as a pedicurist. Have fun learning!

Hello there.!

Do you think you can also do what the lady in the picture is doing? Of course you can! With proper training and practice, you too, can be a pedicurist. Not just a pedicurist but a professional, at that! So, are you ready to become one?

EXPLORE Your Understanding

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Guide Questions:

Be sure to go over the questions below, before digging into the lessons, for these will help you focus more. Now, get your activity notebook, and write your tentative answers to the questions that follow.

• What are the basic concepts and principles underlying the process and delivery in basic pedicure ? Why do you need to understand these?

• Do you think pedicuring service is profitable? Why?

• What qualifications, do you think, must you have to become a pedicurist?

• What safety rules should you observe when pedicuring? Why is it important to observe ‘safety’ while pedicuring your customer’s toenails?

• What other services can you can give your customers once you have mastered the skills involved in basic pedicure?

• What are your preferences in selecting nail polish? Would you go for the branded but expensive nail polish or would you prefer the generic but cheaper ones?

Done? Great! Keep your notebook for now. Later on, we shall go back to your

answers. Take the pre-assessment to find out what you already know about

pedicuring as a service. Ready? Start... Pre-Assessment Directions: Read the statements below. Write the letter of the best answer on your answer sheet.

1. A pedicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment given to your customer’s _______.

A. Toe B. Feet C. Toenails D. All of the above

2. How often should a pedicure be given?

A. At least once a week B. Every month C. Twice a month D. Everyday

3. Which is not a qualification of a good pedicurist?

A. ability to give a good pedicure in a systematic and efficient manner B. ability to care for the patron’s pedicuring problem C. ability to recognize nail disorders which can be treated cosmetically and

those that should be referred to a physician D. ability to buy branded nail polish

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4. A half-moon shape located at the base of the nail is called ____________.

A. Nail Bed B. Matrix C. Lunula D. Nail Root

5. ___________ is the portion of the skin upon which the nail rests. A. Nail folds B. Nail bed C. Cuticles D. Matrix

6 The overlapping epidermis around the nail is called ______________. A. Nail Walls

B. Nail Grooves C. Cuticle D. Mantle

7. __________ is a kind of nail irregularity caused by uneven growth of the nails, which usually results from an illness or injury.

A. Furrows B. Wavy Ridges C. Leuconychia D. Ptyrygium

8. This is a kind of nail disorder caused by an overgrowth of the nail. A. Onychopagy B. Onychatrophia C. Onychauxis D. Onychorhexis

9. The word “pedicure” comes from the Latin word “pedis” and “cura”. The latter means cure while the former means _________.

A. Toe B. Foot C. Toenails D. Nails

10. ____________ is applied before the liquid nail polish to make the color adhere readily to the nail surface.

A. Base coat B. Cleaning C. Top coat D. Nail bleaches

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11. ___________ is used to soften and lubricate the skin around the nails. A. Cuticle cream B. Cuticle remover C. Cuticle oil D. Nail cleansers

12. An implement used for loosening cuticle and for applying oil and cream is called ___________.

A. cuticle pusher B. emery board C. nail file

D. orangewood sticks

13. Foot massage is given _______ a pedicure service A. before B. after C. during

D. in between

14. Pedicure was first introduced in ___________. A. Babylonia B. Greece C. Egypt D. America 15. The total expenses incurred in doing a pedicure service is called _________.

A. cost sales B. cost of production C. daily sales D. expenses

Now, turn to page 48 for the correct answers. Check your work; then,

refer to the rubric below:

Score Interpretation 15 – 12 Very Good 10 – 7 Satisfactory 6 – below Needs Improvement

I’m sure you are excited to start the lessons. So, what are you waiting for?

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Did you know when pedicure started? Or what pedicure is? Would you like to

know? Read on... Lesson 1: History of Pedicure

Purpose

Did you ever wonder why a pedicure is important? Generally, pedicures improve the appearance of the feet and the toenails. How? Well, when you get a pedicure, your toenails are cleaned, strengthened, shaped and dressed. As a result, deformation of toenails and other damages like fragile tips, cuts, and nail splits are prevented. Not only that, as your feet is massaged, its skin improves due to increased in blood flow; consequently, the wrinkles on your feet smoothens out.

Origin of Pedicure

Early pedicure history begins in ancient Egypt. Within the tomb of a pharaoh, an

ancient carving depicted the king receiving foot and leg massages by his servants. Most

cultures including Asian and Indian societies practice reflexology and foot massage to

improve their health and well-being. The word pedicure is derived from the Latin words

"pedis" for foot and "cura" meaning care.

Pedicure is a grooming ritual for the feet. A pampering salon service used for

relaxation and as a spa treatment, the pedicure is standard foot care for both men and

women. From the ancient origin of foot maintenance to the use of a foot massage to

rejuvenate the feet, the pedicure is a necessary procedure to maintain healthy toes and

nails.

Abnormal foot conditions include corns, calluses and ingrown nails, are best

treated by a qualified foot doctor known as podiatrist.

FIRM UP Your Understanding

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Pedicurist

So, what does it take to become a good pedicurist? You should have these

qualifications:

• knowledge of foot structure as well as toenails

• knowledge of composition of various cosmetics, materials used in pedicuring

• ability to give a good pedicure in a systematic and efficient manner

• ability to care for the customers pedicuring problem

• ability to recognize nail disorders which may be treated and nail diseases that shoud be referred to a physician.

• ability to please and satisfy customer

It’s time for Activity 1. Let’s find out how much you have learned from this lesson. Bring out your activity notebook and answer the activity below.

Activity 1 Directions: Read the statements carefully, then write the letter of the correct answer.

1. In the past, the main reason why they do pedicuring is ___________.

A. to protect nails B. for status C. for aesthetic purposes D. all of the above

2. Pedicure was first introduced in ____________.

A. China B. Egypt C. Greece D. America

3. The purpose of pedicure at the present time is _____________.

A. For beautification B. For popularity C. For the protection of the base of the nail D. All of the above

4. _______________ is a cosmetic treatment for feet and toenails.

A. Manicure B. Pedicure C. Spa D. Massage

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5. Abnormal foot conditions should be treated by a _______________.

A. Pediatrist B. Podiatrist C. Psychiatrist D. Psychologist

Turn to page __48___ for the answer key. Did you get a perfect score? Excellent!

Now, take a breather. Go get a drink so you can stretch those stiff muscles a

little bit.

If you answered all the above questions with YES, then your nails are

normal and healthy. Good for you! It’s time to get to know your toenails. Lesson 2: The Nail Well, the condition of your nail, is like the skin, it says a lot about a person . A normal, healthy nail is firm and flexible and appears to be slightly pink in color. The surface of your nail is smooth, curved and unspotted, without any hollows or wavy ridges. Your nail is composed of keratin, a protein substance that forms the base of tissues like bones. The nail is whitish in appearance and allows the pinkish color of the nail bed to be seen.

Refreshed? Let’s proceed to the next lesson. But first, I’d like you to take a look at your toenails. Observe:

� Are your nails firm and flexible?

� Slightly pink in color? � Smooth, curved, unspotted? � Without any hollows or

wavy ridges?

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Your toenails protect the tissues of your toes. They are made up of layers of a hardened protein called keratin, which is also in your hair and skin. Your nails' health can be a clue to your overall health. Healthy nails are usually smooth and consistent in color. Specific types of nail discoloration and changes in growth rate can signal various lung, heart, kidney and liver diseases, as well as diabetes and anemia. White spots and vertical ridges are harmless. You know how fast your nail grow? Let’s find out.

Nail Growth

You that the growing part of your nail is the part still under the skin at the

nail's proximal end under the epidermis, which is the only living part your nail. Thus,

in your index finger it grows faster than that of your little finger; and your

fingernails grow up to four times faster than your toenails.

Your nails grow at an average rate of 3 mm (0.12 in) a month (as they are a

form of hair). nails require 3 to 6 months to regrow completely, and your toenails

require 12 to 18 months. The actual growth rate of your nail is dependent upon

your age, gender, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors. So your nails

grow faster in the summer than in any other season.

Let's find out what nutrients are good for your nails!

Your nails need the following nutrients:

You know that Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for the cell and tissue of

your nails that maintain the glossy effect of your nail.

Vitamin D and calcium work together in cases of maintaining your

homeostasis, creating muscle contraction,and transmission of nerve pulses. If

your nail is lack of Vit. A , Vit. D and Calcium it may cause dryness and

brittleness.

Vitamin B12 is mainly found in animal sources such as liver and kidney, fish,

chicken, and dairy products . Lack of Vit.B12 will lead to excessive dryness,

darkened nails and rounded or curved nail ends

If there is insufficient intake of Vit.A and B it may result to fragile nails with

horizontal and vertical and rounded curved nail ends.

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Protein is a building material for your new nails, therefore low dietary protein

intake may cause white nail beds. A lack of protein and combined with

deficiencies in vitamin C produce hangnails.

Now. It’s time to learn how to maintain healthy toenails!

By following the Toenail Care Tips below, you can be sure to see a big

improvement in the appearance and health of your toenails.

4 Tips to Keep Toenails Healthy

Tip # 1: Take a Good Look

Try to spend a few moments looking at your feet and observe your toes. Examine your

nail for any discoloration. A healthy nail should be naturally white and pink.

Tip # 2: Tips on Daily Care

Try to give your feet and toenails a daily care routine. Scrub them with warm water and

a mild soap every day. Remove any dirt that build up under the nail tip. Wash your feet

as well after wearing shoes for a full day to remove bacteria and fungus . Doing this

daily routine can help you maintain clean and healthy toenails.

Tip # 3: Tips on Weekly or Bi-Weekly Care

Soak your feet in a foot bath once a week or every 2 weeks then push back the cuticles

of your toenails gently using a cuticle pusher. Do not push them too far because this

might break the skin causing it to bleed.

Tip # 4: Tips for Treating Ingrown Toenails, Hangnails and Other Woes

If you happen to have an ingrown nail, soak your feet in a salt water bath. Let your feet

stay there for 15-20 minutes. Be sure to do this daily. In some cases, the nail

automatically evens out, but in other cases, you still need to clip the hangnail gently.

Wait for the nail to re-grow in time. .

http://nailcarehub.com/healthy-nails/maintain-healthy-toenails-4-tips-toenails-healthy.html

These are ways on how you can maintain healthy nails on your toes. The

process requires patience and a few minutes of your daily time. Make sure you follow

these tips consistently.

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Wow! You’re nearly done. Get your activity notebook and do Activity 2. Doing

so, will help you know, how much you have learned from the lesson.

Activity 2 Directions: Arrange the jumbled words inside the parenthesis to form a word about

nails.

1. (gwinnor sailnote) ____________ - a common form of nail disease

2. ( stirdopati) ____________ - a foot doctor

3. (arnitek) _____________ - a layer of hardened protein

4. (minvita) _____________ - micronutrients essentials for cells and

tissues of nails

5. (netipor) _____________ - a building material for new nails

Turn to page 49__ for the answer key. Did you get a perfect score? Excellent!

Go get a chocolate so you can refresh a little bit. It’s time to know the parts

of your toenails.

. 1. Don’t make things worse by picking at the skin around it. You

h have to cut any excess skin carefully.

2. Injured nails might also develop any time. Sometimes a black

or blue toenail has been bruised and in severe cases causes

the toe nail to fall off.

3. Soak your foot in warm water and apply a triple antibiotic

n ointment and bandage the toenail until a new nail grows.

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Lesson 2b. Parts of the Toenail

You should know the different parts of the nails with their description.

Nail Parts Definitions

Matrix is the tissue upon which your nail rests; it is the part of your nail bed that extends beneath your nail root and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels. The matrix is responsible for the production of the cells that become the nail plate.

Nail bed is the portion of the skin upon which your nail rests. Like all skin, it is composed of two types of tissues: the deeper dermis, the living tissue fixed to the bone which contains capillaries and glands, and the superficial epidermis, the layer just beneath the nail plate which moves forward with the plate.

Nail root is the part of your nail situated in the nail sinus specially at the base of the nail embedded underneath the skin.

Nail plate or Body of nail is the visible portion of your nail that is attached to the nail bed. The nail body extends from the root to the free edge.

Free Edge is the end portion of your nail plate that reaches over the fingertip.

Nail Grooves are slits or tracks on the sides of your nail upon which the nail moves as it grows.

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Nail Walls or the proximal folds are the folds of skin overlapping the sides of your nails. Lunula is the half- moon crescent located at the base of your nail.

Cuticle is the overlapping skin surrounding your nail. Its job is to protect the matrix from invading bacteria and physical damage. Mantle is the deep fold of skin in which your nail root is embedded. Eponychium is the extension of the cuticle at the base of the nail body, which partly overlaps the lunula. Hyponychium is the portion of the epidermis under the free edge of the nail. Time to get your activity notebook again. Try not to peek at the definitions above as you answer Activity 3. Activity 3 Directions: Match column A with column B. Copy and answer on your activity notebook.

Column A Column B

_______1. Hyponychium A. visible portion of the nail

_______2. Eponychium B. deep fold of skin which the nail root embedded

_______3. Mantle C. extension of the cuticle at the base of the

nail body

_______4. Nail Body D. halfmoon crescent located at the base of the nail

_______5. Lunula E. portion of the epidermis under the free edge of the

nail

Did you make good with the activity? If yes, proceed to the next lesson. If not, go over the definitions once more, before you go to the next lesson.

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Lesson 2b Nail Shapes

Look at your nails. What shape are they? Would you like to change its shape?

There is no ideal nail shape as this largely depends on the individual’s

preferences. However, there are several options you can choose from. There shapes,

though, give more stability to your nails which allows them to grow longer without

breaking.

A well-chosen nail shape not only helps you obtain a more delicate and stylish

look for your feet, but can also boost self-confidence. So, you have to choose a shape

that suits or flatters you and makes you feel better. Don’t just jump into the trend. If the

current trend does not fit you, why wear it?

BASIC NAIL SHAPES

You need to familiarize the basic nail shapes, for that you can apply this to your customer. Here are some of the basic nail shapes you can choose:

You can shape the nails using :

� STRAIGHT SIDED With a Slightly Oval Tip

Allow the sides of the nail to grow straight and slightly round to the tip. This shape provides the maximum support for the nail.

� OVAL

You canfile the tip of the nail into an egg shape, and file away some of the side of the nails, this does weaken the nails to some extent but is ideally suited to nails that are thick or wide as it gives them a more delicate appearance.

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� SQUARE OVAL

As the oval shape but followed by squaring off the tip, this gives the nail tip

strength over the oval shape.

� ROUND

This is ideal for shorter nails, then the tip is filed into a rounded shape. This is a strong shape which is great for those who keep their nails short. You can apply this shape to men.

� SQUARE

You can do this by filing the tip straight across at right angles with the rest of the nail plate. Short square shaped nails can make hands look blunt and heavy.

Pedicures are not just a relaxing treat. They are vital to keeping feet healthy

and looking their best. You can shape toe nails in a square shape to give toes a clean,

finished look. Perform pedicures on yourself or for others using these techniques for

shaping toe nails.

There you are, its time to proceed to the next level. You need to observe the do’s

and dont’s of trimming and shaping toenails.

The Basics: Trimming and Shaping Toenails

Cut straight across: "The nails should not dig down on the sides," . You should

guide the nail cutter straight across the nail of each toe and you should avoid cutting

nails into a curved shape.

Use appropriate toenail cutters. You can use larger nail cutters for larger nails, and

it is easier to cut toenails with than fingernail cutters. You should keep nail cutters

and any other tools you use on your toes disinfected (clean them with rubbing alcohol

before and after using them).

Leave nails a little long. You shoud not cut nails too short, as it's another reason

ingrown toenails occur. It can also leave your toenail prone to infection — plus, it

hurts!

Cut nails when they're dry, not wet. Cutting dry nails will give you a cleaner,

smoother cut.

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Make a few small cuts. You should not try to cut each toenail in one shot. Make a

few small cuts across your nail.

Try filing. If you prefer to file your toenails, don't drag the file or emery board back

and forth. You gently move the nail file in one direction across the top of your toenail

until smooth and the appropriate length.

Don't cut cuticles. If you want to tame cuticles on your toenails, use orange wood

stick to push them back. Cutting them can cause bleeding or infection, but pushing

them out of the way gives feet a neat look without unnecessary damage.

Clean, well-cared, and neatly trimmed toenails mean comfortable and healthy

feet. Since your feet take a beating during the day, you should keep your toes in tip-top

shape with proper, regular trims to prevent foot problems.

That’s it! That was a mouthful, wasn’t it? I hope you enjoyed the lesson. Now, it’s time to take out your activity notebook again.

Activity 4

Directions: Select from the word box the best answer for each number.

____________1. Nail shape suited to nails that are thick or wide.

____________2. Ideal for shorter nails. ____________3. It makes hand look blunt and heavy, men likes this shape. ____________4. It gives the nail tip strength over the oval shape. ____________5. This shape best on women with long slender toenails.

Now, let’s proceed to the next lesson.

Round shape Oval shape

Straight sided shape

Square shape Square oval.

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Lesson 2c: Nail Disorders and Diseases

What you should do if you encounter a patron with nail disorder or disease? Are you going to give a pedicure or you are going to refer her to a podiatrist? Think wise!

Nail conditions that show signs of infection or inflammation require medical

assistance and cannot be treated at a beauty parlor. Deformity or disease of the nails

may be referred to as onychosis.Latin word for nail is “onyx”.

Familiarize yourself with the following nail disorders and diseases:

Common Nail Diseases and Disorders.

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Onychia > is an inflammation of the folds of the nail.

Onychocryptosis > commonly known as "ingrown nails",

can affect either the fingers or the toes.

Onychodystrophy > a deformation of the nails that can

result from cancer chemotherapy . It can

include discoloration of the nail.

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Onychogryposis > also called "ram's-horn nail", is a

thickening and increase in curvature of the nail. It is usually

the result of injury to the matrix.

Onycholysis > is a loosening of the exposed portion of

the nail from the nail bed, usually beginning at the free

edge and continuing to the lunula.

Onychomadesis > is the separation and falling off of a

nail from the nail bed. It is sometimes a side effect

of chemotherapy or x-ray treatments for cancer.

Onychoptosis > is the periodic shedding of one or more

nails, in whole or part.

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Paronychia > is a bacterial or fungal infection where the

nail and skin meet.

Onychauxis or hypertrophy > is an overgrowth of the

nail , usually in thickness ratherv than length.

Leuconychia > or white spots they may be caused by

injury to the base of the nail. As the nail continues to

grow , these white spots eventually disappear.

Pterygium > is a forward growth of the cuticle that

adheres to the base of the nail

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Corrugation or Wavy Ridges > are caused by uneven

growth of nails, usually result of illness or injury

It’s time to take a coffeebreak before proceeding to the next activity. Refresh! Get your

notebook and answer the activity to familiarize the lesson.

Activity 5

Word Hunt

Directions: Look for words that are all about Nail disorders and diseases on the table below. Write your answers on your notebook.

C W R O N Y C H O S I S S D P

G L E R T Y H K J K L M P I A

P H U O N Y C H A U X I O G R

S A O B E A U S R Y O M O I O

E N V B B N U I O P R O N T N

P T E R Y G I U M O W N N A Y

D N E W Y J X S E T N Y A L C

O A G H T H Y G S R N C I C H

M I E E M Y D O Q T G H L Y I

O L E S E G D I R Y V A W V A

J M E R Y S S A C J T E S I E

Great job! Let’s go to the next lesson.

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Lesson 3 Kinds, Functions/Uses of the Implements,Tools and

Materials in Basic Pedicure

The articles used in pedicuring, that are more or less durable or permanent,are

referred to as equipment and implements or tools. Materials refer to cosmetics and

other supplies that are consumed and therefore must be replaced from time to time.

Equipment are permanent and are durable.

Tools, Implements, Equipments and Nail cosmetics

Implements

Orangewood stick – to loosen the cuticle, and for applying oil, cream bleach to the nail and cuticle

Nail file – to shape and smooth the free-edge of the nail

Cuticle pusher – to push back and loosen cuticle

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Cuticle nipper – to trim the cuticle

Nail brush – to cleanse the toenails and tips with the aid of warm soapy water

Emery boards – to shape the free-edge of the nail with the coarse side and to bevel the nail with the finer side.

Tweezers – to gently lift small bits of cuticle

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Nail buffer – for buffing and polishing the nails.

Nail Cutter – use to cut toenail tips

Nail Cosmetics

You need to be familiar with the following nail cosmetics.:

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Nail Polish Remover – contain organic solvents and are used to dissolved old polish on nails. To offset the drying action of the solvent, oil may be present in the nail polish remover.

Cuticle oil – softens and lubricates the skin around the nails.

Cuticle creams – are usually petroleum gel, they are used to prevent or correct brittle nailsand dry cuticle.

Nail bleaches – are used to remove stains under the free edges or on nail tips.

Cuticle remover – solvents may contain 2-5% sodium or potassium hydroxide plus glycerine . After the cuticle is softened with this liquid, it can removed easily.

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Liquid nail polished – is the solution that gives color or gloss to the nail.

Nail polish thinner – used for thinning out nail polish that has thickened, contains acetone or any other thinning solvent.

Base coat – is applied before the liquid nail polish to make the color adhere readily to the nail surface. It also prevent the color in the nail polish from staining the nail plate.

Top coat – is applied over the nail polish, serves as sealer to protect the polish and minimize its chipping or cracking.

You also need the following equipments in rendering pedicure service to customer:

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Equipment

Low stool for the pedicurist

Ottoman on which to rest patron’s foot

Two basins of warm water, large enough for foot bath.

You also need the following materials:

Waterproof apron or extra towel placed over the lap to protect the clothes.

Two medium towels for drying patron’s feet

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Absorbent cotton

Soap to cleanse the feet.

Disinfectant /Antiseptic solution (Alcohol) for sanitizing the implements ,hands and feet.

Spatula for cuticle creams

Foot powder

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Did you enjoy the lesson?Did you enjoy the lesson?Did you enjoy the lesson?Did you enjoy the lesson? You need to prepare all those things before proceeding You need to prepare all those things before proceeding You need to prepare all those things before proceeding You need to prepare all those things before proceeding

to the next lesson. Its time to the next lesson. Its time to the next lesson. Its time to the next lesson. Its time to to to to answer answer answer answer the activity the activity the activity the activity provided for you provided for you provided for you provided for you????

Activity 6 Muiltiple choice: Directions: Read the statements carefully, then write the letter of the correct answer. _______1. Use to softens and lubricates the skin around the nails

A. Cuticle creams B. Cuticle oil C. Cuticle remover

_______2. Use to prevent brittle nails and dry cutile. A. Cuticle creams B. Cuticle oil C. Cuticle remover

_______3. A solution that gives color or gloss to the nail.

A. Nail polish thinner B. Liquid nail polish C. Nail bleaches

_______4. It is applied before the liquid nail polish to prevent color stain on nail. A. Top coat B. Base coat C. Last coat

_______5. Use to remove stains under the free-edge or on nail tips.

A. Nail whiteners B. Nail bleaches C. Nail strengtheners Activity 7 Identify the following materials use in pedicure service: .

1.

2.

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3.

4.

5.

Well done. Proceed to the next lesson.

Lesson 4: Step-by Step Procedure in Basic Pedicure

Do you give your feet the pampering they deserve? Think about it. Our feet have

a tough job. We walk around all day in high heels, stand for hours. And our feet not

only have to put up with all this, but they have to do it while supporting our entire body

weight! So give your feet a break and inject some tender loving care into their lives.

Indulge your feet with the perfect pedicure.

Safety Rules in Pedicuring

Ooops! Wait a minute. You need to observe safety practices.Ooops! Wait a minute. You need to observe safety practices.Ooops! Wait a minute. You need to observe safety practices.Ooops! Wait a minute. You need to observe safety practices.

Safety rules in pedicuring can be a great help for you, in preventing accidents and injury to the patron or pedicurist. The following safety rules will guide you as the pedicurist in protecting your patron.

1. Keep all containers covered and labeled. 2. Handle sharp-pointed implements carefully and avoid dropping them.

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3. Dull over-sharpened cutting edges of sharp implements with an emery board. 4. Don’t file deeply into nail corners. 5. Avoid pushing the cuticle back too far. 6. Avoid too much pressure at the base of the nail. 7. Do not work on a nail that is diseased or contain pus.

Things You'll Need

• Basin or tub • Foot Soak, Epsom salt or bath salts • Pumice footstone • Small brush • Nail polish remover / cotton balls • Nail polish • Base coat for nails • Top coat for nails • Clippers • File • Orangewood stick (Cuticle stick) • Lotion • Foot scrub treatment

Excited? It’s time to go to the next level, the step-by-step procedure of basic

pedicure.

Pedicure Procedures

First thing you need to do is to place all your implements, files and supplies on a towel within easy reach. The files you will use will be a different grit as the toenails are generally thicker than the fingernails and require a grit of about 180 to remove length. You will also need to use your toenail nippers. You may also spray or wipe the feet with an antiseptic spray prior to starting your pedicure, and be sure to thoroughly wash your hands.

Ready! Start now.

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1.Remove old polish from the nails of both feet.

2. Soak feet in a tub of warm, soapy water.

3. Remove from tub and wipe your feet with a soft towel.

4 . File nails in one direction. Avoid using a seesaw motion. Hold the file firmly in the right hand with the right thumb underneath it for support and the other four fingers on its upper surface.

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5. Apply cuticle remover, wait till the cuticle gets softened.

6. Push the cuticle back with the wedged end of the orange wood stick. It is held in the manner as in writing with a pencil.

7. Trim the cuticle using the cuticle nipper. Handle it with care, Place the bent tip of the index finger over the shank and the thumb on the side of the handle with the remaining finger over the opposite handle.

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8. Massage each foot with generous amount of foot lotion for 5 minutes.

9. Apply a base coat. Allow it to dry.

10. Apply two coats of nail polish. Clean any stray marks with a cotton.

11. Finish the pedicure with a top coat of a clear polish.

34

Relax, Take a deep breath. Exercise your hands and muscles. Ready for the activity? Start now. Activity 8 Get a partner and try practicing the procedure of pedicure ( Cleaning). How do you evaluate the quality of your service? Criteria for evaluation:

Rubric for Performance

Dimension Highly

Skilled

5

Skilled

4

Moderately

Skilled

3

Unskilled

2

No Attempt

1

Use of tools, equipment and materials

Approriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materials and

tools/

equipment all

the time

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materilas and

tools/

equipment

most of the

time

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materiald and

tools/

equipment

some of the

time

Never Selects,

prpares and

use

appropriate

materials and

tools/equipmen

t

No attempt to

use tools/

equipment

Tips & Warnings

• Put your feet in a basin or sink full of ice-cold water if you need your nails to dry in a hurry.

• Avoid cutting your cuticles with scissors or nail clippers.

35

Application of procedure

Systematic

application of

procedures all

the time

without

supervision

Systematic

application of

procedures

most of the

time with

minimum

supervision

Systematic

application of

procedures

some of the

time with

constant

supervision

Never follows

systematic

application of

procedures

and highly

development

on supervision

No attempt to

apply

procedures to

project

Safety / Work Habits

Higly self-

motivated and

observes all

safety

precautions at

all times

Self-motivated

and observes

most safety

precautions

most of the

time

Self-motivated

and observes

sometimes

some safety

precautions

Needs to be

motivated and

does not

observe safety

precaution

No motivation

and totally

disregards

precaution

Speed / Time

Work finished

ahead of time

Work finished

meets deadline

Work finished

close to

deadline

Work finished

way beyond

deadline

No concept of

time

You need to know the proper technique of color application

Color Application Techniques

Before you apply nail polish, roll the bottle well between the palms of your hands

as some colors tend to separate or settle. The small stainless steel balls found in the bottom of many bottles help keep the mixture uniform in color and consistency and facilitate smooth application. Before starting your pedicure, make sure that the nails are absolutely clean, dry and free of any oily film. Always protect the nail plate of your patron with a base coat, and allow it to set before applying nail polish. Use long, even strokes when applying polish ; avoid dabbing, The second coat will cover missed areas. Dip brush into polish and wipe off excess on bottle neck.

36

Remember the following tips, it helps you a lot.

1. You should test consistency of polish on nail tip before beginning.

2. Begin by applying polish down to the center of the nail in one stroke, from base to tip, leave a small space between polish and cuticle.

3. Apply polish to cuticle base, stopping just short of the cuticle.

4. Lift the brush and stroke one side of nail from base to the tip, avoiding the cuticle.

5. Stroke other side of nail from base to tip. If color has touched the cuticle or skin, wait until the polish has dried and remove with a cotton wool wrapped cuticle stick dipped in nail polish remover.

6. To make your manicure last longer, apply top coat or following the final coat of polish and allow to dry thoroughly. An additional coat of applied every second day will extend the life of a pedicure.

To level up your know-how, let’s go on to the polishing procedure.

Step by Step Polishing Procedure

1. Use a toe separator to avoid toenails touching each other

2. Please always start applying base coat, nail polish and top coat from the same toe. Apply base coat on free edges. Apply base coat on nail plates.

37

3. Apply nail polish on free edges. Apply nail polish on nail plates . Apply 2nd coat of nail polish on nail plates if needed

4. Apply top coat on free edges. Apply top coat on nail plates.

5. Leave nails for at least 30 minutes before touching them

Okay, you’ve just finished the best looking simple nails. Now it’s time to add

some spice to your nails to make them look unique!

38

Activity 9 Get a partner , practice applying nail polish following the application technique for nail color. How do you evaluate the quality of your service? Criteria for evaluation:

Rubric for Evaluation of Service

Criteria

Very Satisfactory

(VS)

3

Satisfactory (S)

2

Unsatisfactory

(US)

1

1. Design

If design is original

If design is

common in the

market

If design appears

copied and

stereotyped

2. Materials

Materials used are

always available in

the market

Materials used are

seldom available in

the market

Materials used are

not easily available

in the market

3. Service rendered

Service rendered

appears original

Service rendered

appear similat to

commercial

services

Servicerendered

appear cl.osely to

commercial

services

Try to answer the activity to refresh your mind with the procedure of basic

pedicure.

39

Activity 10

Arrange the following in chronological order the procedure of pedicuring. Using numbers 1-11 .Copy and answer on your notebook. 1. _______ Soak feet in a tub of warm soapy water 2. _______ Apply base coat 3. _______ Apply cuticle remover 4. _______ Apply nail polish on nail plates 5. _______ Remove old polish 6 _______ Push the cuticle back 7. _______ Wipe off feet with soft towel 8. _______ Trim the cuticle 9. _______ Apply top coat 10. _______ Massage each foot 11. _______ File nails in one direction

Turn to page _____ for the answer key. Did you get a perfect score? Excellent!

Go get a cold drink so you can refresh a little bit. It’s time to know the

fundamental basic pedicure design.

Lesson 5: The Fundamentals of Basic Pedicure Design

Our feet is one of the most underrated and often neglected part of our body in

the regular beauty care regimen. While some women out there have weekly pedicures,

others hardly get time to even trim their nails. Pedicure is one of the essential foot

care proceedings that are insisted upon by the beauty experts. It is the best way to relax

and groom our feet and enhance their appearance. Clean, smooth and pedicured feet

look great with delicate pedicure designs on toenails. Surprisingly, you can easily create

various designs on your toenails at home too!

All that you need is some acrylic colors, some nail polish shades, some nail

brushes and a little bit of creativity! Once you gather all these things, then you can

create different kinds of nail designs on your toenails!

What are you waiting for. Start now!

40

There are several Basic Designs in Pedicure you can apply to your customer:

A. V-shape Design B. Halfmoon Design C. Plain with Tip Design D. Elephant tusk E. Halfmoon with tip F. Plain

There are still many basic designs available. I will provide you an illustration of

Plain with tip design from simple to complex way of designing.

Reminders: You must observe safety rules in pedicuring to prevent accidents and injuries to the patron Activity 11

Go visit any beauty salon who offers pedicure services and ask what are the different basic designs they do to their customers, and ask the pedicurist about the process and the procedure of any of the basic designs. Activity 12

Now you are ready to have samples of the different basic designs you know aside from the designs discussed and presented here. Using plastic spoons apply the principles of pedicuring basic design.Mount them on any illustration board and label.

Let’s go to the next phase of lesson.

41

Lesson 7 Computing the cost of service

In this lesson, you will be learn how to calculate the cost of your pedicuring service. You don’t need somebody to do your finances in rendering pedicuring services.

The following are steps to determine the cost of service rendered:

1. Add all the cost of materials (implements, supplies, nail cosmetics). 2. Add the operating expenses ( transportation, bills, rentals) 3. Set your certain mark-up percentage for profit. 4. Add all cost of materials and operating expenses. (total expenses) 5. Multiply total expenses with the mark-up percentagein the form of decimal,

then divide it with the number of working days

Below is the formula:

CS = Total expenses x Mark-up % Number of working days Legend: CS- Cost of service OE- Operating Expenses Activity 13 Compute for the cost of service of Loraine .Through the following variables given.

a. Tools and Materials - 450.00 b. Transportation - 150.00 c. Working days - 5 Days d. Desired profit - 50%

After the lessons about basic pedicuring, you are now going to the third phase of the module. You need now to perform what ever you have learned . You may now proceed to the next level.

42

You are now ready to apply the concept and principles underlying the process

of pedicure service. There are suggested activities that you need to do. Activity A

Get a partner or any volunteer patrons to whom you can perfom the different

basic designs given following the procedure in pedicuring. You will be rated according to the standard rubrics.

a. Cleaning b. Plain c. Plain with tip d. Halfmoon e. Halfmoon with tip f. V-shape g. Elephant tusk

Activity B

Compute your cost of Service using the given formula: CS = Total Expenses x Mark-up % Number of working days

Activity C

Perform basic pedicure designs with to outsiders. You will be rated according to standard rubrics.

DEEPEN Your Understanding

43

Activity D

Make samples of the new basic designs in pedicure. Use plastic spoon labeled and mounted on an illustration board or plywood.

Activity E.

Compare and contrast the different styles and designs in pedicure. You have come a long way on Basic Pedicure. Are you ready to start a

home pedicure service? Now is the time. Go to the next phase.

You are now ready to become an entrepreneur by undertaking pedicuring service. Activity 1 Go to your neighbors, friends, classmates or teachers and offer your pedicure service. Show samples of basic design they can choose from.

TRANSFER Your Understanding

44

The learner produces marketable original/new basic designs following the basic

concepts and principles underlying the process and services in basic pedicure.

Suggested Activities 1. Perform

cleaning toenails.

2. Perform the plain pedicure

3. Perform the application of nail polish

4. Perform the shaping of nails

5. Perform the basic design of pedicure

6. Perform the simple foot massage

Suggested Projects

1. Samples of

Basic Designs in Pedicure

2. Samples of Created designs out of the Basic design

3. Samples of

New Designs

(Note: samples are on plastic spoons )

Suggested Services

1. Cleaning

2. Plain

pedicure

3. Render Basic designing in pedicure

4. Give simple foot massage after pedicure.

45

Appendix A

Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Home Economics

Rubric for Performance

Dimension Highly

Skilled

5

Skilled

4

Moderately

Skilled

3

Unskilled

2

No Attempt

1

Use of tools, equipment and materials

Approriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materials and

tools/

equipment all

the time

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materilas and

tools/

equipment

most of the

time

Appropriate

selection,

preparation

and use of

materiald and

tools/

equipment

some of the

time

Never Selects,

prpares and

use

appropriate

materials and

tools/equipmen

t

No attempt to

use tools/

equipment

Application of procedure

systematic

application of

procedures all

the time

without

supervision

Systematic

application of

procedures

most of the

time with

minimum

supervision

Systematic

application of

procedures

some of the

time with

constant

supervision

Never follows

systematic

application of

procedures

and highly

development

on supervision

No attempt to

apply

procedures to

project

Safety / Work Habits

Higly self-

motivated and

observes all

safety

precautions at

all times

Self-motivated

and observes

most safety

precautions

most of the

time

Self-motivated

and observes

sometimes

some safety

precautions

Needs to be

motivated and

does not

observe safety

precaution

No motivation

and totally

disregards

precaution

Speed / Time

Work finished

ahead of time

work finished

meets deadline

Work finished

close to

deadline

work finished

way beyond

deadline

No concept of

time

46

Appendix B

Rubric for Projects

Dimension Excellent

4

Very Good

3

Good

2

Fair

1

a. Marketability

b. Quality

b.Appearance

c.Price

Very functional

and very

versatile

Very attractive

Affordable

Functional and

versatile

Attractive

Affordable by

some

Less functional

and less

versatile

Less attractive

Affordable by

few

Not functional

and nor

versatile

Not attractive

Not affordable

1. Originality

a. Color

b. Design

c. Materials

Very pleasing

color

combination

Very unique

and very

original

Very idigenous

and very

innovative

Pleasing color

combination

Unique and

original

Indigenous and

innovative

Less pleasing

combination

Less unique

and less

original

Less

indigenous and

less innovative

Not pleasing

color

combination

Not unique and

not original

Not indigenous

and not

innovative

47

Appendix C

Rubric for Evaluation of Service

Criteria

Very Satisfactory

(VS)

3

Satisfactory (S)

2

Unsatisfactory

(US)

1

4. Design

Product design if

original

Product design is

common in the

market

Product design

appears copied and

stereotyped

5. Materials

Materials used are

always available in

the market

Materials used are

seldom available in

the market

Materials used are

not easily available

in the market

6. Service rendered

Service rendered

appears original

Service rendered

appear similat to

commercial

services

Servicerendered

appear cl.osely to

commercial

services

48

Appendix D Post-Assessment

Activity 1

Directions: Read the statements below. Write the letter of the best answer on your answer sheet.

4. A pedicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment given to your customer’s _______. E. Toe F. Feet G. Toenails H. All of the above

5. How often should a pedicure be given? E. At least once a week F. Every month G. Twice a month H. Everyday

6. Which is not a qualification of a good pedicurist? A. ability to give a good pedicure in a systematic and efficient manner B. ability to care for the patron’s pedicuring problem C. ability to recognize nail disorders which can be treated cosmetically and

those that should be referred to a physician D. ability to buy branded nail polish

4. A half-moon shape located at the base of the nail is called ____________.

A. Nail Bed B. Matrix C. Lunula D. Nail Root

5. ___________ is the portion of the skin upon which the nail rests. A. Nail folds B. Nail bed C. Cuticles D. Matrix

49

6 The overlapping epidermis around the nail is called ______________.

A. Nail Walls B. Nail Grooves C. Cuticle D. Mantle

7. __________ is a kind of nail irregularity caused by uneven growth of the nails, which usually results from an illness or injury.

A. Furrows B. Wavy Ridges C. Leuconychia D. Ptyrygium

14. This is a kind of nail disorder caused by an overgrowth of the nail. A. Onychopagy B. Onychatrophia C. Onychauxis D. Onychorhexis

15. The word “pedicure” comes from the Latin word “pedis” and “cura”. The latter means cure while the former means _________.

A. Toe B. Foot C. Toenails D. Nails

16. ____________ is applied before the liquid nail polish to make the color adhere readily to the nail surface.

A. Base coat B. Cleaning C. Top coat D. Nail bleaches

17. ___________ is used to soften and lubricate the skin around the nails. A. Cuticle cream B. Cuticle remover C. Cuticle oil D. Nail cleansers

50

18. An implement used for loosening cuticle and for applying oil and cream is

called ___________. A. cuticle pusher B. emery board C. nail file

D. orangewood sticks

19. Foot massage is given _______ a pedicure service A. before B. after C. during

D. in between

14. Pedicure was first introduced in ___________. A. Babylonia B. Greece C. Egypt D. America 15. The total expenses incurred in doing a pedicure service is called _________.

A. cost sales B. cost of production C. daily sales D. expenses

Congratulations! You finished the module. Check your smileys down for rating

yourself.

Happy Sad Depressed

51

Appendix E

KEY TO CORRECTIONS OF PRE AND POST ASSESSMENT

1. D

2. A

3. D

4. C

5. B

6. C

7. B

8. C

9. B

10. A

11. C

12. D

13. A

14. C

15. A

Activity 1

1. D

2. B

3. D

4. B

5. B

52

Activity 2

1. Ingrown toenails

2. Podiatrist

3. Keratin

4. Vitamin

5. Protein

Activity 3

1. E

2. C

3. B

4. A

5. D

Activity 4

1. Oval shape

2. Round shape

3. Square shape

4. Square oval

5. Straight sided

Activity 5

Onychosis

Paronychia

53

Pterygium

Onychauxis

Spoon nail

Activity 6

1. B

2. A

3. B

4. B

5. A

Activity 7

1. Nail buffer

2. Spatula

3. Nail cutter

4. Nail brush

5. Orange woodstick

Activity 10

1. 2

2. 9

3. 5

4. 10

5. 1

6. 6

54

7. 3

8. 7

9. 11

10. 8

11. 4

Activity 13

600 x .50 = 300 5 5 Cost of service = Php 60.00

55

Appendix E

References:

Kibbee, Constance V. Standard Textbook of Cosmetology. A PracticalCourse on the Scientific Fundamentals of Beauty Culture for Students and PracticingCosmetologist. Milady Publishing House.

http://www.create-magical-nails.com/

http://www.hooked-on-nails.com/disorders.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedicure,

http://www.ehow.com/about_4672062_pedicures.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedicure.

http://www.ehow.com/about_4672062_pedicures.html

www.sallyhansen.co.uk/nail-shapes

http://www.everydayhealth.com/foot-health/toenail-cutting-tips.aspx

http://nailcarehub.com/healthy-nails/maintain-healthy-toenails-4-tips-toenails-

healthy.html