battery randolph

8/12/2019 Battery Randolph

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R C S : DOI-1005Form No. 10-306 Rev. 10-74)UNITE STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICENATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY NOMINATION FORMF O R F E D E R A L P R O P E R T I E S

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETENATIONAL REGISTER FORMSTYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS

HISTORICArtillery District o Honolulu__________________________________A N D / O R C O M M O N Battery Randolph Fort D e R u s s y ) a n d Batteries S e l f r i d g e , J a c k s o n ,H a w k i n s , Hawkins A n n e x and Hasbrouck ( F o r t Kamehameha^_______________

S T R E E T N U M B E R Building 32 Kalia Road Fort D e Russy and Buildings 420 430 440450. and 460. Fort Kameharoeha _ N O T F O R P U L I C T I O NCITY. TOWNHonolulu

STATEHawaiiVICINITY OFCODE15

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

COUNTY CODEHonolulu 3HJCLASSIFICATION

CATEGORYDISTRICT_BUILDING(S)STRUCTURESITEOBJECTJDHEMATIC

GROUP

OWNERSHIPXPUBLICPRIVATEBOTH

PUBLIC ACQUISITIONIN PROCESSBEING CONSIDERED

STATUSX-OCCUPIEDUNOCCUPIEDWORK IN PROGRESS

ACCESSIBLEX_YJ[S: RfSTBICTED .v Fort Karaenaraeha/LYES: UNRESTRICTED^ort DeRussy

PRESENT USE_GRICULTURE J&UJSEUM _ _Fort DeRussCOMMERCIAL PARKEDUCATIONAL PRIVATE RESIDENCEENTERTAINMENT RELIGIOUSGOVERNMENT SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL TRANSPORTATIONXMILITARY, _ T H E R :

;Fort KaroehamenaREGIONAL HEADQUARTERS: If applicable

ST R EET N U MBERDirectorate ofCITY T O W NFort Shafter

Engineering and Housing VICINITY OF STATEHawaii 96858

LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTIONCOURTHOUSE.REGISTRY OF DEEDS,ETC. US Army Support Command . Hawaii

Directorate of Engineering and HousingCITY. TOWN STATE

Hawaii 96858REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYST I T L U S Army Support C o m m a n d , H a w a i i , Historical Property Inventory and Ev aluationReport ( b y B e r n i c e P . Bishop Museum)__________________________________

D AT EApril 1 9 7 7 X F E D E R A L _STATE _COUNTY L O C A L

CITY. TOWNFort Shafter STATEHawaii 96858


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EXCELLENTX-GOOD_FAIR

CONDITIONDETERIORATED

RUINS_NEXPOSED

CHECK ONEUNALTEREDX-ALTERED

CHECK ONEX-ORIGINALSITE

MOVFD DATF

A . Description o f t h e Thematic G r o u p . T h e Artillery District o f Honolulu w a s establishby WD GO N o . 7 4 o n 2 4 April 1 9 0 9 a n d consisted o f F o r t s R u g e r , D e R u s s y , K a m e h a m e h a , a n dA r m s t r o n g . T h e District was renamed Headquarters C o a s t D e f e n s e s o f Oahu s o m e t i m e betwee1 9 1 1 1 9 1 3 . Following World War I a n d u n t i l t h e e n d o f World War I I , a d d i t i o n a l c o a s t abatteries were constructed a t t h e above-mentioned a n d o t h e r l o c a t i o n s throughout t h eI s l a n d , For t h e most p a r t t h e s e l a t e r fortifications a n d even t h o s e o r i g i n a l structuresremaining a t Fort Ruger and Fort Armstrong, a r e no l o n g e r under Army-control. F o r t sRuger and Armstrong h a v e s i n c e been returned o r s o l d t o t h e State o f H a w a i i . Otherfortifications r e m a i n under military ownership o r , in a f e w c a s e s , private o w n e r s h i p .T h e r e f o r e , only t h o s e structures a t Forts DeRussy and K a m e h a m e h a , under Army-controla n d reflecting t h e Roosevelt-Taft period o f expanding American i n t e r e s t i n t h e P a c i f i c ,a r e presently included i n t h e Thematic G r o u p .B . G e n e r a l P h y s i c a l Description o f t h e S t r u c t u r e s . T h e attached T a b l e ( I n c l 1 ) brieflysummarizes t h e information referenced i n paragraphs 6 and 9 . Attached a t I n c l 2 a r einventory f o r m s a n d drawings f o r a l l individual p r o p e r t i e s . O r i g i n a l s of t h e drawingsmay b e found in t h e National Archives < R G 7 7 , O f f i c e o f t h e C h i e f o f E n g i n e e r s , GeneralCorrespondence 1 8 9 4 - 1 9 2 3 , N o . 6 8 , 2 5 8 ) .C . Maps and P h o t o g r a p h s . Maps (7.5-Minute S e r i e s ) showing t h e location of BatteryR a n d o l p h , Fort DeRussy ( I n c l 3 ) a n d t h e g e n e r a l locations o f fortifications a tF o r t Kamehameha ( I n c l 4 ) are a t t a c h e d . Detailed maps showing t h e s a m e structure a r ealso included ( F o r t DeRussy a t I n c l 5 a n d Fort Kamehameha a t I n c l 6 ) . Photographsshowing various aspects of most o f t h e fortifications a r e attached a t I n c l o s u r e s 7through 1 6 . T h e following information i s supplied on t h e back o f each p h o t o g r a p h :

1 . Name o f t h e p r o p e r t y .2 . City and State where l o c a t e d .3 . Name o f t h e photographer.4 . D a t e o f t h e p h o t o g r a p h .5 . Location of photograph n e g a t i v e .6 . Description of view indicating direction o f c a m e r a .7 . Photograph n u m b e r .


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No. 10-300a10-74

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIORNATIONAL PARK SERVICE

REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY NOMINATION FORM

FOR N FS

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 3

2 . T h e Army mission i n H a w a i i was defined i n 1 9 2 0 a s t h e d e f e n s e o f P e a r l HarborN a v a l Base against d a m a g e f r o m n a v a l o r aerial bombardment o r b y enemy sympathizersa n d attack b y enemy expeditionary f o r c e o r f o r c e s , supported o r unsupported by anenemy f l e e t o r f l e e t s , t h e batteries a t F o r t K a m e h a m e h a , a s t h e coast d e f e n s e f o rP e a r l H a r b o r , was t h e k e y s t o n e o f t h i s m i s s i o n . Batteries a t F o r t Weaver a n d FortBarrette (constructed i n 1 9 3 5 ) completed pre-World W a r I I c o a s t a l defense network f o rP e a r l H a r b o r . Batteries a t F o r t D e R u s s y , including Battery R a n d o l p h , and F o r t R u g e r ,were responsible f o r t h e d e f e n s e o f Honolulu H a r b o r . W h i l e n o n e o f t h e l a r g e caliberg u n s were ever f i r e d e x c e p t i n p r a c t i c e , t h e secondary anti-aircraft g u n s o f c o a s t a lartillery u n i t s a t Fort K a m e h a m e h a were credited with shooting d o w n a number o f attaca i r c r a f t o n t h e morning o f 7 December 1 9 4 1 . During t h e y e a r s t h a t followed a n dcontinuing t o t h e end o f World War I I , t h e batteries had a calming eff ect o n t h el o c a l p o p u l a c e . T h e following quotation f r o m Blake Clark s Remember P e a r l Harborpublished i n 1 9 4 2 provides a feeling o f t h e t i m e s i n 1 9 4 1 a n d 1 9 4 2 i n H a w a i i :

B u t s u p p o s e t h a t t h e J a p s break through t h e outer ring? T h e y d i d i to n c e . No matter whe re an enemy l a n d s o n O a h u , h e w i l l meet a murderousbarrage o f f i r e . From Diamond Head t o W a i a n a e , t h e artillery o f concealedf o r t s - - R u g e r , D e R u s s y , K a m e h a m e h a , Shafter and more--covers e v e r y inch o fo c e a n a n d b e a c h . When they open u p with big c a n n o n , five-inch AA g u n s a n d9 , 1 2 , and 1 5 - i n c h r i f l e s , t h e whole e n d o f t h e island s h a k e s a s i f i nviolent earthquake.


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SIGNIFICANCEPERIOD

1500-15991600-16991700-17991800-1899

AREAS O F SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOWARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORICARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC_AGRICULTUREJ&XRCHITECTUREARTCOMMERCECOMMUNICATIONS

COMMUNITY PLANNINGCONSERVATIONECONOMICSEDUCATION.^ENGINEERINGEXPLORATION/SETTLEMENTINDUSTRYINVENTION

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURELAW_LITERATURE.XMILITARYMUSICPHILOSOPHYPOLITICS/GOVERNMENT

RELIGIONSCIENCESCULPTURESOCIAL/HUMANITARIANTHEATERTRANSPORTATIONOTHER (SPEC' cv\

SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECTSTATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE. Architectural and Engineering Significance o f Batteries a t Forts D eRussy andK a m e h a m e h a .

1 . I n 1 9 0 5 , President Roosevelt convened a g r o u p , headed by Secretary o f W a rWilliam Howar d T a f t , t o review t h e entire c o a s t a l defense program a n d bring i t u p t od a t e . T h e T a f t B o a r d n o t only accelerated t h e installation o f many modern f e a t u r e s i nexisting batteries reco mmended and cons tructed by t h e earlier E n d i c o t t Board ( c a 1 8 8 5 ) ,b u t i t also proposed construction o f new f o r t i f i c a t i o n s outside t h e continental UnitedS t a t e s . These new f o r t s were designed t o protect newly acquired insular possessionsin t h e Philippines, H a w a i i , and t h e C a n a l Z o n e . T h e M a n i l a Bay works were badly damagedduring World W a r I I . T h o s e remaining i n H a w a i i a n d t h e C a n a l Z o n e , i n c o n t r a s t , tend t ob e i n excellent condition although lacking any o f their original a r m a m e n t . While manyo f t h e s e structures a r e architecturally similar in appearance t o t h e many heavy-caliber,dispersed batteries remaining f r o m t h e Endicott period ( r e f 9 a ) , t h e y a r e products o f adifferent e r a a n d expanding f o r e i g n p o l i c y . In f a c t , Battery Randolph a n d t h e c o a s t a latteries a t Fort Kamehameha a r e but a few examples o f structures recommended by t h eT a f t B o a r d and s t i l l under United States c o n t r o l .

2 . Battery Randolph a t Fort DeRussy a n d t h e batteries a t Fort Kamehameha ( S e l f r i d g eJ a c k s o n , H a w k i n s , Hawkins A n n e x , and H a s b r o u c k ) demonstrate t h e s h i f t i n emphasis f r o mfortification structures to t h e weapons contained t h e r e i n . I n contrast t o t h e s t a r k ,v e r t i c a l walls o f older f o r t s , t h e new works o f reinforced concrete were designed tos o f a r a s p o s s i b l e , into t h e surrounding l a n d s c a p e . The l o w p r o f i l e , massivemplacements a l l possess concrete f r o n t a l walls a s much a s twenty f e e t thick behind 3 0or m o r e additional f e e t o f e a r t h . T h e batteries were ( a n d s t i l l a r e ) a l l but invisibleand invulnerable f r o m t h e seaward d i r e c t i o n . T h e permanency of construction i s alsoevident by their p r e s e n t c o n d i t i o n .B .

1 . T h e historical r o l e played by t h e Hawaiian C o a s t Artillery Command i s bestdescribed i n a n article by t h e C o u n c i l o n Abandoned Military P o s t s ( C A M P ) entitledC o a s t Defenses o f Hawaii ( r e f 9 b ) , and by Appendix G a n d Appendix I o f A Historyo f F o r t S h a f t e r ( r e f 9 c ) .


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A . L e w i s , B . I U , 1 9 7 9 , Seacoaat Fortifications o f t h e United S t a t e s . Leeward P u b l i c a t i o n s I n c . , Annapolis, M D .B , C l a r k , R . N . S , , 1 9 7 3 . Coast Defense o f H a w a i i . C o u n c i l o n Abandoned MilitaryP o s t s ( C A M P ) P e r i o d i c a l . 5 ( 2 ) : 1 5 - 2 5 .C , A History o f Fort Shafter d a t e d 3 1 December 1 9 7 4 . Unpublished manuscriptavailable f r o m Deputy Ins tallation C o m m a n d e r , Fort S h a f t e r , U S A S C H .

6.7 Acres

ZO N E

Battery Randolph Fort DeRussy.B Approximate center of fortifications at Fort Kamehameha

I6l2.0l7.0i0l I 2. 3J5t3l7i5.0| flip .-.ri Ifi I'Q.7J6'. S.fl| i ?. 3 J S.ftiZONE EASTING NORTHINGA ST IN Gu _ - L - l N O R T H I N GI . I . I J-JL Z O N EJ L - L- L J L

t h e thematic group c o n s i s t s o f Building 3 2 a t Fort DeRussy and Buildings 4 2 0 , 4 3 0 ,4 4 0 , 4 5 0 , a n d 460 a t Fort K a m e h a m e h a , including any earthen w a l l s , seaward o f t h e s es t r u c t u r e s .

STATE CODE COUNTY CODE

NAME/TITLEA l v i n L . C h a r . E n v i ro n me n t al P r o t e c ti o n S p a e ia l is t

ORGANIZATION DATEDirectorate o f Engineering and H o u s i n g , U S Army Support C o m m a n d , H a w a i i , ( 8 0 8 > 6 5 5 * 0 6 9 1

STREETS NUMBER TELEPHONE

CITY O R TOWNPort- Sha friar

STATE

C E R T IF IC A TI O N O F NOMINATIONSTATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER RECOMMENDATI

STATE OfllC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATUREIn compliance with Executive Order 11593,1 hereby nominate this property to the National Register, certifying that the StateHistoric Preservation Officer has been allowed 90 days ip which to present the nomination to the State Review Board and toevaluate its significance. The evaluated level of signi^^nce is^/__Nalio/ijl 8^3iQJ__Local.FEDERAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE

TITLE

OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HJST0RIC PRESERVATION

GPO 899-214


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N o . 1 0 - 3 0 0 a1 0 - 7 4

UNITED ST TES DEP RTMENT OF THE INTERIORN TION L P RK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY NOMINATION FORM

F O R N F S u s e

D TEENTiBI

CONTINU TION SHEET ITEM NUM R 10 P A G E

1 0 . G E O G R A P H I C A L DATA. The information provided on this C o n t i n u a t i o n Sheets u p e r s e d e s that pre v iou s ly p r o v i d e d for Item Number 1 0 ( G E O G R A P H I C A L DATA ),I n c l o s u r e 1 ( Approximate Area o f S t r u c t u r e and E a r t h Ber m ), and I n c l o s u r e 2( UTM COORDI NATES ).Total A c rea g e o f N omi n a t e d P r o p e r t y 9 . 3 acres

A . A c rea g eo f I n d i v i d u a lP r o p e r t i e s

2.5

B . UTMRe f eren c e sZone E a s t i n g N o r t h i n g

FJ 620700 2353750

B a t t e r y S e l f r i d g eBldg N o . 4 2 0 ,Fort Kamehameha

B a t t e r y J a c k s o nBldg N o . 4 3 0 ,Fort Kamehameha

B a ttery H a w k i n sBldg N o . 4 4 0 ,Fort Kamehameha

B a ttery H a w k i n s A n n e xBldg N o . 4 5 0 ,F o r t Kamehameha

2.5

1. 1

0.5

0.1

2 . 6

F J 60835 0 2358 080

F J 6079 20 235815 0

F J 6 0 7 5 2 0 2358 280

F J 6 0 7 5 0 0 2 3 5 8 3 8 0

FJ 607 400 235 8880

C . VerbalB o u n d a r yD e s c r i p t i o nRe f eren c e originalfenceline o n 1916 p l a tmap (Inclosure 2 ) ,excluding the areaformerly o c c u p i e d byB a ttery Dudley. F e n c ei s n o longer present.Re f eren c e originalfenceline o n 1916 platmap (Inclosure 2 ) .Original fence i s nolonger present.Re f eren c e o r i gi n a lfenceline o n 1916 platmap (Inclosure 2 ) .Fence i s no longerpresent.Re f eren c e o r i gi n a lfenceline on 1916 platmap (Inclosure 2 ) .Fence i s n o longerpresent.Rein f or c e d c o n c r e t estructure and earthberm only.Re f eren c e originalfenceline on 1916 p l a tmap (Inclosure 2 ) .Fence i s n o longerpresent.

battery randolph

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