Application of RFID Technology and the Maximum Spanning Tree Algorithm for Solving Vehicle Emissions in Cities on Internet of Things

AIM:

The main intention of this project is to design a system and placed inside of vehicle and it can respond you like giving location where it is, and also that system can finds the accident which happened to your vehicle and will inform to related one with location of your vehicle where accident made and when.

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this project is to find the vehicle where it is and also automatic identification of vehicle entering in to the tollgate and allots particular slot and also display the bill on LCD at the time of exit. Most of the times we may not able to find accidents because we dont know where accident will happen, in order to give treatment for injured people first we need to know that where that happened through location tracking and sending to your related one when your there inside of vehicle.

Block DiagramS:

SECTION1 :( VEHICLE UNIT)

SECTION2 :( TRAFFIC signal control UNIT)

SECTION3 :( ON road UNIT)

Description:

The process of working of this project is now a days transportation plays an important role in urbanization In this fast paced modern world we are facing a number of transport related problems. RFID technology can be effectively used to solve some of them.Problems that require immediate attention are accident risk management, traffic rule violation control, parking slot control, tollgate management, vehicle theft identification and traffic signal management. RFID tags are placed on the road giving area information and environment alerts (such as school zone, industry, market, bridge etc.). In this project total 5 sections are there

Section1:

This unit consists of RFID reader, GPRS module to transmit alert data to the mobile receiver already configured. The total equipment of this project placed in a vehicle. The authorized person details with mobile number and some predefined parameters are stored in the Microcontroller. Whenever any vehicle hits our vehicle. Accident of a vehicle is identified by using a sensor informs of a vehicle. Whenever the accident will happen the information will be sent to the authorized person through GPRS modem. We have temperature sensor and CO sensor which are interfaced to the micro controller. Temperature sensor through which we can measure amount of Temperature exhausted from the vehicle. CO sensor will sense the amount of CO gas emitted from the vehicle. These values are also displayed on LCD. Whenever the CO gas level exceeds the threshold limit then the motor of the vehicle is stopped. Then the Microcontroller gets the location of vehicle found by the on road RFID tags (section5 :) and sends the message to the same mobile using GSM modem. The message includes the location at which the vehicle is present at that particular instant of time. In this section we are using an H-bridge circuit to drive the motor. This will be useful for investigation and for security reasons to avoid theft in accident place.Section2:

Here the RFID used to read the information of the vehicle like, RC book information, vehicle license and it will display on LCD. If anything is invalid then buzzer will buzz.. Here we are using timely based traffic lights management.

Section 3: In this unit we have N number of RFID tags to transmit general area information and alert on special zones like school ,hospital ,weak bridges and zigzag bends etc .in our vehicles the RFID reader is there to identify the area by reading that RFID tags.TECHNOLOGY:

RFID:

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a silicon chip-based transponder that communicates via radio waves. Radio Frequency Identification is a technology which uses tags as a component in an integrated supply chain solution set that will evolve over the next several years. RFID tags contain a chip which holds an electronic product code (EPC) number that points to additional data detailing the contents of the package. Readers identify the EPC numbers at a distance, without line-of-sight scanning or involving physical contact. Middleware can perform initial filtering on data from the readers. Applications are evolving to comply with shipping products to automatically processing transactions based on RFID technologyGPRS:

GPRS is expected to profoundly change the mobile data services that GSM, CDMA and TDMA (ANSI-I36) network operators can offer. GPRS will increase opportunities for higher revenues and enable new, differentiated services and tariff dimensions to be offered (such as a charge for the number of kilobytes of data transferred). GPRS combines mobile access with Internet protocol (IP)-based services, using packet data transmission that makes highly efficient use of radio spectrum and enables high data speeds. It gives users increased bandwidth, making it possible and cost-effective to remain constantly connected, as well as to send and receive data text, graphics and video.

SOFTWARES:

1. Embedded C

2. Keil IDE

3. Uc-Flash or ISP

4. Express PCB

HARDWARES:

1. Micro Controllers

2. Power Supply

3. GSM/GPRS Modem

4. RFID TAG & READERS

5. LCD.

6. Accident identification sensors

7. Motor driver

8. Motor

9. BUZZER

10. TRAFFIC LIGHTS

11. STEPPER MOTOR

12. MAX232

13. TEMPERATURE SENSOR

14. SMOKE SENSOR

ADVANTAGE:

We have so many advantages by implementing this project, it gives complete solution for traffic and transport related problems such as accident alert, tollgate control, parking management and special zone alert system. It is proposed as a low cost optimized solution using RFID and GPRS modem. Applications:

1. Accident Alert System.2. Driver License verification3. Safety in case of engine heat/smoke emission

MICRO CONTROLLER

AVR AT MEGA

RFID reader

RFID TAG

GPRS/GSM

SENSORS (TEMP, SMOKE)

BATTERY

MOTOR

DRIVERS

MOTORS

MOBILE

RF receiver

Decoder

RF transmitter

Encoder

Switches

Wi-Fi

Txr

MICRO CONTROLLER

(LPC2148)

WIFI RECEIVER

TRAFFIC SIGNALS

POWER SUPPLY

LCD

BUZZER

RFID TAG

MICRO CONTROLLER

RFID TAG

MOTOR

RFID TAG

RFID TAG