What is Chunking?

Why chunk content?

How to Chunk?

What is Chunking?

Strategy

Easy to ManageShorter

Bite-size pieces

Easier to remember

InformationBreaking up content

Chunking is a strategy used to improve memory performance.

What is Chunking?

Organising and grouping various pieces of information togetherOrganise

Memorise the chunks instead of the individual information - working memory hold a limited amount of data at the same time.

Process

Easy retrieval of the information (short-term memory)Retrieve

These chunks also act as cues, allowing for easy recollection of information.

Cues

Our Memory

Before we learn further, let’s

understand these 2 terms.

Short-term Memory

Working Memory

After this, information is either committed to long term

memory, or lost all together.

What is Short-term Memory?

Sounds

imageswords

Stores information for about 20 - 30 seconds.

Stores sounds,

images and words

Hello Premier Brain Ice Cream

Short-term Memory Characteristics

The 3 Main Characteristics

Last up to 20 seconds.

Its capacity is limited to 7 ±2 chunks of independent information (Miller’s Law)

Reasons for weakening of memory, include (medication, sleep deprivation or a head injury )

Brief Duration

7 ± 2 Chunks

Weakening

Working Memory

Learning is the process of acquiring new information in your working memory and integrating it with existing knowledge in your long-term memory. Once it’s in long-term memory you can

recall it and apply the knowledge to the real world.

This is how our brain process the

information received.

Working Memory

So, chunking the content helps our brain to

process new information more easier

and faster.

HAIYA!!!

OK, now we learn how to chunk The Content

But, why chunk content? It helps you present

information in a way that makes it easy for

your audience to understand and

remember.

3 Chunking Strategies

• Remove irrelevant or unnecessary information

Classify and prioritize the e-Learning course’s content

• Separate your e-Learning course’s content in modules and then divide them into sections.

Efficiently group your e-Learning course’s content

• Content should have a rational flow, starting from basic and broad concepts and then progressively advance into more complex ideas. Each concept should contain the right amount of information.

Organize your information

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2

3

Learning is acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines. Progress over time tends to follow learning curves. Learning is not compulsory; it is contextual. It does not happen all at once, but builds upon and is shaped by what we already know. To that end, learning may be viewed as a process, rather than a collection of factual and procedural knowledge. Learning produces changes in the organism and the changes produced are relatively permanent

How to Chunk Content?

1 Start by listing topics covered by your learning outcomes.

2 Group the topics into similar items.

3 Give a topic name to each group.

Example: Content Chunking

Topic 1: item A Topic 2: item B Topic 3: item C Topic 4: item D Topic 5: item E Topic 6: item F Topic 7: item GTopic 8: item HTopic 9: item J

Step 1 List all topics covered by your learning outcomes.

Example: Content ChunkingStep 2 Group the topics into similar items

Topic 1: item A Topic 2: item B Topic 3: item C Topic 4: item D Topic 5: item E Topic 6: item F Topic 7: item GTopic 8: item HTopic 9: item J

Example: Content ChunkingStep 3 Give a topic name to each group

Topic 1: item A Topic 2: item B Topic 3: item C Topic 4: item D Topic 5: item E Topic 6: item F Topic 7: item GTopic 8: item HTopic 9: item J

Basic of x

Types of y

Process of z

Process of w

System concept descriptions provide:

• The missions, features, capabilities and functions of the system • Major system components and interactions • Operational environment including manual procedures required • Operational modes such as production, backup and maintenance • Interfaces with other systems • Required performance characteristics such as response time, throughput

and data volumes • Quality attributes such as availability, reliability and usability • Other considerations such as security, audit, safety and failure modes in

emergency situations • Deployment considerations such as acquisition of business data to

support the system including data cleansing and loading • The classes of users that will interact with the system • Requirements for support of the system such as maintenance

organization and help desk.

The following bulleted list has too many chunks presented at once:

Bad Example

• The missions, features, capabilities and functions of the system• Major system components and interactions• Operational environment including manual procedures required• Operational modes such as production, backup and maintenance• Interfaces with other systems

Functional Requirements

• Required performance characteristics such as response time, throughput and data volumes

• Quality attributes such as availability, reliability and usability • Other considerations such as security, audit, safety and failure modes in

emergency situations

Non-functional Requirements

• Deployment considerations such as acquisition of business data to support the system including data cleansing and loading

• The classes of users that will interact with the system • Requirements for support of the system such as maintenance organization and

help desk.

Deployment and Operational Requirements

System concept descriptions provide:Example 1 (Bullet Style)

System concept descriptions provide:

Example 2 (Diagram)

Functional RequirementsThe missions, features,

capabilities and functions of the system

Major system components and interactions

Operational environment including manual

procedures required

Operational modes such as production, backup and

maintenance

Interfaces with other systems

Non-functional Requirements

Required performance characteristics such as

response time, throughput and data volumes

Quality attributes such as availability, reliability and

usability

Other considerations such as security, audit, safety

and failure modes in emergency situations

Deployment and Operational

Requirements Deployment considerations

such as acquisition of business data to support the system including data

cleansing and loading

The classes of users that will interact with the

system

Requirements for support of the system such as

maintenance organization and help desk.

Activity256398741

Try to memorize the following "code symbols" in

20 seconds

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

By grouping the symbols into a meaningful, memorable pattern, we reduce the number of individual things you have to memorise.

How about now? It is easier right?

Chop

content

Summary

Easy to learn

Improve

memory

performance

Yeah! It has Improved my

memory performance!

References

http://elearningindustry.com/3-chunking-strategies-that-every-instructional-designer-should-know

3 Chunking Strategies

Chunking Psychology

Effective Memory Strategy

4 Tips for Content Chunking

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunking_%28psychology%29

https://k12teacherstaffdevelopment.com/tlb/how-can-i-use-chunking-as-an-effective-memory-strategy-in-the-classroom/

http://elearningindustry.com/4-tips-for-content-chunking-in-e-learning

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Fareeza Marican Abu Backer MaricarSenior Learning Designer

E-mail : fareeza_marican@imu.edu.mySlides : www.slideshare.net/FareezaM Twitter: http://twitter.com/fareeza81IMU : http://www.imu.edu.my