basic referee 8/1/20071 basic referee course regional referee badge required for u9 and above...

Basic Referee 8/1/2007 1

Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course

Regional referee badge Required for U9 and above Includes Safe Haven Referee No prerequisites

Requirements: Register for course Attend course Sign roster + eAYSO pre-reg. Pass tests Signed volunteer application Field clinic (recommended)


Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course *** Opening Remarks (Introductions & Housekeeping) (15 min.) *** Module 1 Safe Haven Certification (40 min.) [video][test] Module 2 The Game of Soccer (10 min.) Module 3 Pre-game Preparation (15 min.) [video] Module 4 Starting the Game (10 min.) Module 5 Stopping Play (15 min.) Module 11 Post Game (10 min.) [video] Module 6 Ref/AR Mechanics & Restarting Play (1:45 hr.) [video][field][class] *** Lunch Served (30 min.) *** Module 8 Misconduct (15 min.) Module 7 Fouls (45 min.) [video] Module 9 Offside – Introduction (15 min.) *** Break (5 min. *** Review - Referee and Assistant Referee Mechanics (10 min.) Review - Restarts (20 min.) *** Basic Referee Test and Review (45 min.) *** Module 9 Offside – Examples (30 min.) [The Soccer Tutor] Module 12 Referee Support & Review (10 min.) Field Positioning Clinic (45 min.) [field]

—Agenda —


Basic Referee Course IntroBasic Referee Course Intro 3 min.


Why Are You Here?Why Are You Here?

Top Reasons: I need the money My spouse signed me up If I don’t do it my kids can’t play Youth Referee Benefits

Whatever your reason for being here — Let’s make it an enjoyable learning experience!

Community service - Yes Earn registration fees - Yes Earn referee points for team - Yes


ModuleModule 1

Audio Version Standard Version Test


The Game of SoccerThe Game of Soccer

Module

2


““Soccer For Dummies”Soccer For Dummies” Soccer is

a game played by two opposing teams, in two halves of equal time, with a spherical ball, on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.

The object of the game is to get the ball entirely over your opponents’ goal line and inside their goal, without using your hands or arms.

After the kick-off, play is continuous until either: The ball entirely leaves the field of play, or The referee blows the whistle.

Play is restarted fairly based on why it was stopped.

The referee’s job is to keep the game

— SAFE, FAIR and FUN for everyone. §…


History of the GameHistory of the Game

Known as “Association Football”

Historical Roots — Kicking an “object” from one goal to another goal.

Modern Game — LOTG written in 1863 at a meeting in Fleet Street, London.

FIFA was created in Paris in 1904 and moved to Zurich in 1974.

AYSO games are played in accordance with FIFA Laws and AYSO Rules & Regulations.§ (Our special rules all fit under FIFA’s exceptions for youth soccer)


Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game Over-riding philosophy — “Spirit of Fair Play”

If ball leaves the field, the other team gets to restart. (throw-in, goal kick or corner kick)

For infringements of the Law opponents receive a free kick (direct free kick, indirect free kick or penalty kick)

In the extreme, but only if necessary, a caution or send-off.

Game should be SAFE, FAIR and FUN. § Referee has full authority to enforce the LOTG

Referee’s degree of discretion is fundamental and unique. Authority to stop, suspend, or terminate, at his/her discretion.

Game is meant to flow continuously Played with as little interference as possible, Stops only if ball completely leaves the field, or Referee blows the whistle


Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game (Rules & Regs)

National Rules & Regulations “The Laws of the Game are intended to provide that

games should be played with as little interference as possible, and in this view it is the duty of the referee to penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law”.

“Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper on the part of the players and spoils the pleasure of spectators”.


Philosophy of RefereeingPhilosophy of Refereeing

Be a friendly “aunt or uncle” not a policeman.

Maintain a fun learning environment. Know, understand and apply the rules.

— Always use common sense — You must see an infraction to punish it. The need to caution or send-off a young

player is extremely rare and can usually be avoided.


Small-sided PlaySmall-sided Play

Smaller fields mean more games.

More touches on the ball.

Faster skill development.

Must check local rules Number of players Field sizes and markings Special rules


Dealing with Young PlayersDealing with Young Players

Positive Coaching is Mandatory

Positive – Instructional – Encouraging §


Age Specific IssuesAge Specific Issues

U-6 very simple rules — just fun

U-8 simple rules — start learning game

U-9/10 the whole game — control parents

U-12 skills better — parents better

U-14 hormones kick in — control is key

U-16 better be in shape — fouls galore

U-19 a little easier — if you can keep up


ReviewReview

Soccer is a game with a long & interesting history. Underlying “Spirit of the Game” is Fairness. AYSO is based on five key philosophies. We want a SAFE, FAIR and FUN environment. § No Tobacco or Alcohol permitted. §

“AYSO Team” must work together for the kids. Referee should be a “Friendly Authority.” Referee must understand and adjust to age

differences.


ConfirmationConfirmation

Name the 3 elements of positive coaching (PIE)? § A coach may smoke if the players cannot see it? If a member of the AYSO team does not support

the team who gets hurt? The main focus of the “spirit of the game” is? A young player who misbehaves must be publicly

disciplined as an example?


Wrap-upWrap-up

Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees. Take advantage of it.

…... Applause


Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation

Module

3


Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation5 min.


Field IssuesField Issues

The coaches’ area is an important aid in reducing sideline problems. Coaches’ Area exists even if not marked Mark one if necessary (use cones or bags)

AYSO fields may not be perfect. goal posts, nets, corner

flags, lines, coaches’ area, holes, water, mud, debris,

sprinkler heads. Use common sense

play the game if it’s safe.


Ball IssuesBall Issues

The referee is responsible for securing and approving a proper ball for the match The home team is generally responsible for providing

game balls, and has the right to do so. (May need backup balls on some fields)

Check the number on the ball, don’t guess. (See lineup card or AYSO LOTG for the correct sizes)

Smooth, no loose panels, rotates evenly when tossed, most colors are okay

Not too hard or too soft – depress ¼ inch

Regional or competition policies concerning the game ball may vary


Uniform & Safety IssuesUniform & Safety Issues Players must have the required equipment (5 items)

(shirt, shorts, shinguards, socks and shoes). All players on a team, except the goalkeeper, should

have the same uniforms. Teams and goalkeepers must be reasonably

distinguishable from each other. (Home team must change). § Goalkeepers must be distinguishable from the referee. § Socks must be put on over and completely cover the

shinguards. Allowed: prescription glasses, medical alert bracelets

and knee braces, unless they are clearly unsafe. Not allowed: jewelry, casts or splints, hats with hard

bills. Nothing dangerous is allowed.


Game Cards … One from each Team

Team

Game Score

Referee Report

Player

Participation


Referee Pre-game ChecklistReferee Pre-game Checklist

Arrive: ½ hour early, properly dressed, warm-up,smile, be prepared to have FUN.

Bring: uniform, badge, coin, whistle, flags, law book, Rules & Regs, watch, pencil, pad, shoes.

Referees: shake hands, review responsibilities.

Coaches: shake hands, get game cards, #subs. (AYSO team)

Field: check goal posts, nets, holes, water, mud, debris,sprinkler heads, lines, coaches’ area, corner flags.

Players: check for: safe shoes, shinguards, socks, jewelry, uniform colors, goalkeeper colors, hats, shoes tied properly, shirts tucked in.

Ball: obtain and inspect the game ball.

Start: conduct coin toss.

Read this checklist before leaving for every game!


ConfirmationConfirmation What would you do if a child says that a soft

friendship bracelet cannot be removed? What would you do if a player is wearing a cast

that is wrapped in ½” closed-cell, slow-recovery foam with no hard edges showing?

Why is the coaches’ area required by AYSO? Which is worse, a ball that is too hard, or too soft? What are the two most important thing to consider

when deciding if a field is playable?


Wrap-upWrap-up

A referee who comes to the field on time, prepared, and with a positive attitude, has a much better chance of enjoying the experience.

…... Applause


Starting the GameStarting the Game

Module

4


Coin TossCoin Toss

Don’t forget to bring a coin! Visiting team gets to make the call. Winner chooses end of field to start on. Loser kicks off to start game. At the start of the 2nd half.

Teams switch ends of the field. Team that didn’t kick off to start the game, kicks

off to start the 2nd half. Kick-off is in the same direction as the 1st half

kick-off.


Players and SubstitutesPlayers and Substitutes

In full-sided games each team must have at least 7 and no more than 11 players*.

On the lineup card. Mark any players who are missing or unable to

play, and any who later become injured. Mark substitutes on the lineup card.

Count players on the field before the kick-off. Notify coach if any player is playing less than

the minimum playing time.* (Report if not corrected).

* Check local rules for team sizes and minimum playing times.

* Check the LOTG or lineup card for small sided games.


The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball stationary and all

players in their own half. Opposing players

outside the center circle. Ball must be kicked

forward.

Note: The kick-off will be covered in detail later


Keeping TimeKeeping Time Referee is the official timekeeper.

The game is played in two halves of equal time. —See times on the lineup card — start clock when ball is in play.

Time starts with the opening kick-off, and runs § continuously except for substitutions and half-time*.

Referee allows substitutions approximately midway through each half. —Usually when play is already stopped.

Referee may add time lost by excessive time wasting, injuries, or unavoidable occurrences*.

* Check local competition rules



Who kicks off to start the game? What is the minimum number of players on

a full sized team? When is the clock started? §

When is the game over? When is the clock stopped?


Wrap-upWrap-up

The best way to start a game is — on time —

…... Applause


Stopping PlayStopping Play

Module

5


Ball In/out of Play Ball In/out of Play §

Lines are part of the areas they enclose.

Touch lines and goal lines are part of the field. (Boundary lines).

Ball is out of play when it wholly crosses a touch line or a goal line, on the ground or in the air.

Only D is out of play. The ball’s position determines whether it is in or

out of play, not the player’s position.

Restarts are covered later


Goal ScoredGoal Scored

Goal lines are part of the field.

The ball’s position determines if it is a goal, not the goalkeeper’s position.

A goal is scored when the ball entirely crosses the goal line, on the ground or in the air, under the crossbar and between the goalposts. §

Only D is a goal.


Injury or Outside InterferenceInjury or Outside Interference

Take immediate action. (Use common sense).

Injury prevention- be safety conscious - move location- correct problems - cancel if necessary- modify activity or rules - report problems.

Bleeding playermust leave field until bleeding is stopped, wound is covered and any blood on clothing is disinfected.

Outside interferencestop if it is unsafe, unfair, or unsporting behavior.


SubstitutionsSubstitutions Made at approximately the middle of each half,

at half-time, or for injuries. (4 times).

Must be made as quickly as possible. Try to stop when ball is out of play. Mark substitutes on the lineup card. Inform coach if a player is not playing the

minimum time. (Must report if not corrected).

Restart based on why play was stopped. With the referees prior permission, any player

on the field may switch with the goalkeeper. § (the ball must be out of play)


Injuries (Stopping Play)(Stopping Play)

Referee may stop at any time for an injury. § Referee may wait if injury is not serious and the

player is in no danger. If a coach or any other adult enters the field, the

injured player must leave the field. May substitute for the player. §

Player may not return until the next regular substitution time. May play down one player. §

Injured player may return at any time with the referee’s permission.

No one is allowed to enter the field without the referees prior permission.


End of Half or Game End of Half or Game (Stopping Play)(Stopping Play)

Referee signals the end of each half when regulation time and any stoppage time* for that half has expired.

The half or game ends when the referee decides that time has expired.

Stoppage time should be added only for unusual delays, for example, serious injury, excessive time wasting, or a long delay caused by outside interference.* * Local rules vary concerning stoppage time. §


Fouls or Misconduct Fouls or Misconduct (Stopping Play)(Stopping Play)

The referee blows the whistle to stop play if a foul or misconduct occurs.

The referee may blow the whistle immediately, or chose to wait until the ball is out of play to penalize misconduct.

If play is stopped, the restart is a free kick to the opposing team.

If the referee blows the whistle, even accidentally, play stops immediately and must be restarted appropriately. § (don’t run with the whistle in your mouth)

Note: In the lower divisions the primary consideration for stopping play to award a free kick is whether the act caused danger to or lessened the enjoyment of any of the participants.



When should the referee stop the game for an apparent injury?

When is the ball out of play? When can substitutions be made?


Wrap-upWrap-up

The game is meant to be played with as little interference as possible.

When stopping a game use common sense and consider the age and experience of the players.

…... Applause


Post GamePost Game

Module

11


Post-game Duties½ min.


Collect the BallCollect the Ball

Referee is responsible for making sure that the game ball is returned to the proper person or place.

The official closest to the ball should retrieve and return it to proper person or place or to the referee.


Supervise Post Game CeremonySupervise Post Game Ceremony

Officials should supervise the team handshake and any other normal post game ceremony.

Players may need to be encouraged to show good sportsmanship at this time.

Officials must continue to act as good role models.


Complete Game ReportComplete Game Report

Referee should complete the lineup card and any other required reports after supervising the handshake ceremony.

Make sure all officials concur on the score. Be sure to report any safety issues,

misconduct and sideline problems accurately and in detail.

Deliver your report to the designated person or place promptly.


Post-game ConferencePost-game Conference

Referees should conduct a brief post game conference with their assistants.

This is the best time for positive feedback in both directions.



Teams always take care of their game ball?

Why bother sending in a report, nobody reads them anyway?


Wrap-upWrap-up

On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.

…... Applause


Restarting PlayRestarting Play

Module

6


Restarts – Ball Leaves Field10 min.


General Rules for RestartsGeneral Rules for Restarts

Restarts are to be made without any interference or distraction by opponents.

Opponents must stay a safe and fair distance away.

Except for a dropped ball, the player taking a restart may not touch the ball again until it touches another player. (IFK to opponents). §

No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Restarts Restarts (On the field)(On the field)

Field (105 minutes) Referee & AR Mechanics (Signaling) Area A: TI — Area B: GK,CK & PK — Area C: KO,DFK,IFK & DB


The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball is stationary and all

players are in their own half. Opposing players must be

outside the center circle. Referee checks positions

then signals start. (Whistle)

Ball must be kicked forward.

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. If not taken correctly, the kick-off is retaken. Kicker may not touch the ball again until it touches

another player. (IFK is awarded to opponents) A goal can be scored directly from a kick-off.


Throw-inThrow-in

Thrower must —. § Face the field of play. Have part of each foot —.

Touching the ground, and On or behind the touchline.

Must use both hands to throw the ball from behind and over the head.

Ball is in play when released and any portion is on or over the outside edge of the touch line.

Opponents at least 2 yards from thrower. A goal may not be scored from a throw-in.

Taken when ball goes over the touch-line. (All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Goal KickGoal Kick

Taken from anywhere in the goal area. Lines are part of the

area they enclose.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by attacking team. (All general restart rules apply)

Opponents must leave the penalty area. Ball is in play when it leaves penalty area. A goal may be scored directly, but only

against opponents.



Corner KickCorner Kick

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. Can score directly into opponents’ goal.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by defending team. (All general restart rules apply)

Ball is placed in the corner area on the side where it left the field. Lines are part of the

area. Only E is incorrect Player cannot move flag



Free KickFree Kick

Direct (DFK) or indirect (IFK) IFK – cannot score until the ball touches another player §

(Referee holds up arm until ball is touched or leaves the field.)

Taken from the place where the infringement occurred, or in certain cases where the ball was when play was stopped.‡

Opponents must be at least 10 yards* from the ball. (* Subject to small-sided & goal area issues.)

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves.(If taken inside ones’ own penalty area it must leave the area.)

(All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch

‡ A free kick awarded inside the goal area is moved out to the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line.


Free Kicks in the Goal Area


Penalty KickPenalty Kick

All players except GK and kicker must be: Behind the ball Outside penalty area At least 10 yards from

ball (outside arc)

Taken when a DFK foul is committed by a defender in their own penalty area. (All general restart rules apply)

Only A & B are in correct positions. Goalkeeper may move laterally along goal line. Referee signals (whistle) when players are ready. Retaken or IFK if not taken correctly. (Spirit of Fairness)



Dropped BallDropped Ball

When play is stopped by the referee for an unusual reason, e.g an injury or outside interference, the game is restarted with a “dropped ball.”

The ball is dropped by the referee where it was when play stopped, but never in the goal area.

The ball is in play when it hits the ground. Drop it from about the player’s waist height.



What are the 3 general rules for restarts? Where is a “dropped ball” taken? Where is a free kick taken? A player is taking a DFK from inside the goal

area, when is the ball in play? If a penal foul (DFK) is not too bad should the

referee award an IFK? §


Wrap-upWrap-up

When you stop play it is a really good idea to know how to restart it!

…... Applause


Lunch Break

30 Minutes


Fouls & MisconductFouls & Misconduct

Modules

7 & 8


Law 12 - Fouls & MisconductLaw 12 - Fouls & Misconduct

Penal Non-penal


Types of MisconductTypes of Misconduct

7 Cautionable offenses Show yellow card

7 sending-off offenses Show red card

1. Misconduct requiring a sanction by the referee is rare in lower division games. Most problems can be handled with a verbal warning.

2. In some regions showing the cards is not allowed in the lower divisions. However, cautions and sendoffs are usually still allowed.


Cautionable OffensesCautionable Offenses

7 Cautionable Offenses Unsporting behavior * Dissent by word or action * Persistent infringement Delay restart * Fail to respect distance on restart Enter field without permission Leave field without permission

* Also applies to substitutes


Sending-off OffencesSending-off Offences 7 Sending-off Offences

Serious foul play Violent conduct Spits at an opponent or

anyone else Denies OGSO by handling the ball Denies OGSO to an opponent moving

toward the goal by committing a foul Offensive, insulting or abusive language

and/or gestures A second caution in the same game

7 Cautionable Offenses Unsporting behavior * Dissent by word or action * Persistent infringement Delay restart * Fail to respect distance on restart Enter field without permission Leave field without permission


Types of FoulsTypes of Fouls

10 penal fouls DFK or PK

8 non-penal fouls IFK

1. A foul must be committed by a player, against an opponent, on the field of play and while the ball is in play.

2. A foul may also be misconduct requiring a sanction by the referee.

3. The restart is based on the type of foul, not on how bad it was. §


Common Fouls10 min.

Common Fouls


Fouls—DefinedFouls—Defined

Foul–An unfair or unsafe act committed By a player Against an opponent (or the opposing team) On the field of play While the ball is in play

Fouls are penalized by the awarding of a free kick to the opposing team at the place where the foul occurred. *

* This symbol indicates special circumstances regarding free kicks in the Goal Area as described under Restarts.


Penal Fouls—generalPenal Fouls—general Some actions are a penal foul only if they are

committed in a manner that the referee considers to be careless, reckless, or involving excessive force. (CREF)

Careless: did not exercise due caution (routine foul) Reckless: unnatural movement to intimidate or gain an unfair

advantage (caution?) Excessive Force: far exceeded necessary force (send-off?)

[Penal][Penal]

However, the mere attempt to commit some actions is in itself a penal foul.

Penal fouls are punished by a DFK* taken from where the offense occurred. * PK if the foul occurs inside the offending player’s own penalty area


6 Require CREF-----------------------------------

Tripping an opponent *

Striking an opponent *

Kicking an opponent *

Jumping At an opponent

Pushing an opponent

Charging an opponent

4 Do Not Require CREF------------------------------------------

Tackling an opponent before the ball

Holding an opponent

Handling the ball (deliberately)

Spitting at an opponent

CREF = Careless, Reckless, or Excessive Force

Restart: Direct Free Kick (DFK) or Penalty Kick (PK)

* Attempt is a Foul

The 10 Penal Fouls The 10 Penal Fouls §[Penal][Penal]


TrippingTripping

A player who trips or attempts to trip an opponent in a CREF manner, has committed a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred, not where the opponent lands.

[Penal][Penal]

Referees must carefully distinguish between an act of tripping and the fact of being tripped.

Tripping is not a foul. Tripping an opponent in a CREF manner is a foul.


Tripping - ExamplesTripping - Examples

Young players often lose their balance, or trip over their own feet or the ball, when running.

Just because a player falls down or gets hurt, doesn’t mean that there was a foul.

[Penal][Penal]


StrikingStriking

A player who strikes or attempts to strike an opponent in a CREF manner, has committed a penal foul.

Striking includes the use of any object (including the ball) as well as the hands, arms, or head.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

[Penal][Penal]


Striking - ExamplesStriking - Examples[Penal][Penal]

Striking may also be Misconduct (either serious foul play or violent conduct).


KickingKicking A player who kicks or attempts to kick an

opponent in a CREF manner, has committed a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

[Penal][Penal]

Note: If the kicker makes no attempt to play the ball, but deliberately kicks an opponent the action should also be considered violent conduct, and the kicker should be sent off and shown the red card.


Kicking - ExamplesKicking - Examples[Penal][Penal]


Jumping AtJumping At A player who jumps at an opponent in a CREF

manner, has committed a penal foul. The foul is considered to have occurred at the place

where contact occurred, or would have occurred.

[Penal][Penal]

If the jump was made in the process of playing the ball, and not in a CREF manner, the player should not be penalized.


PushingPushing A player who pushes an opponent in a CREF

manner with any part of the body, whether playing the ball or not, has committed a penal foul.

[Penal][Penal]


ChargingCharging

A player who charges an opponent, in a CREF manner, has committed a penal foul.

[Penal][Penal]

Charging is making contact with an opponent in a staccato manner, with the shoulder, and as near as possible to the opponent’s shoulder, in an effort to move the opponent away from the ball.

Fairly charging an opponent while not in playing distance of the ball is penalized by an IFK

Contact may be made on the shoulder blade of the opponent but only if the opponent is fairly obstructing.


Charging -ExamplesCharging -Examples

It is a violation of the Law to fairly charge an opponent who is already being fairly charged by another player. ( A “Sandwich” is considered holding )


Charging—GoalkeepersCharging—Goalkeepers

Goalkeepers are particularly vulnerable to being unfairly charged.

In order to prevent serious injury, it is your duty to protect them by applying the Law.(… there are no special laws concerning charging goalkeepers …)


6 Require CREF-----------------------------------





Pushing an opponent




Holding an opponent





* Attempt is a Foul

The 10 Penal FoulsThe 10 Penal Fouls[Penal][Penal]


TacklingTackling

Tackling an opponent, making contact with the opponent before touching the ball, is a penal foul.

Touching the ball first does not necessarily mean that a foul was not committed. If the tackle is performed in a CREF manner, one of the other penal fouls will most likely have been committed.

A tackle which endangers the safety of an opponent should also be punished as serious foul play.

Tackling means using your feet to move the ball away from the feet of an opponent. It is usually fair play.

[Penal][Penal]

Tackling from behind is difficult to do legally, but is not in itself a foul. §


Tackling - ExamplesTackling - Examples[Penal][Penal]


HoldingHolding Holding an opponent includes the act of

stretching the arms out to prevent an opponent from moving past or around, and is a penal foul.

A player who blatantly holds onto and pulls an opponent’s clothing should also be cautioned, and shown the yellow card. §

[Penal][Penal]


Handling the BallHandling the Ball Handling the ball involves deliberate contact with

the ball by a player’s hand, or arm. § Deliberate contact means any one of the following:

The player could have avoided the touch but didn’t. The player’s arms were not in normal playing position. The player deliberately continued an initially accidental contact in an

attempt to gain an unfair advantage.

[Penal][Penal]

The fact that a player may benefit from the ball contacting the hand does not make an accidental event a foul.

Moving hands or arms instinctively to protect the body when suddenly faced with a fast approaching ball does not constitute deliberate contact unless there is subsequent action to direct the ball. §


SpittingSpitting

Spitting at an opponent, on the field of play, while the ball is in play is a penal foul.

The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact with the opponent occurred, or would have occurred.

Spitting at an opponent, or anyone else is also a sending-off (red card) offense.

[Penal][Penal]


6 Require CREF-----------------------------------





Pushing an opponent




Holding an opponent





* Attempt is a Foul

The 10 Penal Fouls (Review)The 10 Penal Fouls (Review)[Penal][Penal]



A foul is penal or non-penal based on how bad it is?

At the taking of a free kick when is the ball in play?

For which penal fouls is the attempt itself a foul?

Is “high-kicking” dangerous play?

What are the 4 most common penal fouls in younger players’ games?


Wrap-upWrap-up

Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.


Any questions?


Non-Penal Fouls - Non-Penal Fouls - GeneralGeneral

Non-penal fouls are divided into two categories: Those committed only by a goalkeeper, and Those committed by any player.

Non-penal fouls are punished with an IFK taken from where the offense occurred. *

[Non-penal][Non-penal]


The 8 Non-Penal FoulsThe 8 Non-Penal Fouls

By a Goalkeeper

• Controls ball with hands for more than 6 seconds.

• Handles ball directly from a teammate’s throw-in

• Handles ball deliberately kicked to him by a teammate.

• Handles ball a 2nd time after releasing control of it.

By Another Player

• Plays in a dangerous manner.

• Impedes the progress of an opponent.

• Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball.

• Any other offense not mentioned in the Laws where play is stopped to issue a caution or to send off a player.

Restart: Indirect Free Kick (IFK) from where the foul occurred. *



Goalkeeper Control of the Ball The goalkeeper is considered to be in control of

the ball by touching it with any part of his hand or arms.

Controlling the ball includes deliberately parrying the ball, but not circumstances where the ball rebounds accidentally from the goalkeeper, for example after he makes a save.

Releasing the ball into play means no longer controlling it with the hands. (The ball is in play) §

The goalkeeper retains control of the ball while bouncing or punting it.



GK 2nd TouchGK 2nd Touch

It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands after he has released it into play, and it has not yet touched any other player.

When a goalkeeper releases the ball into play she may continue to play the ball as long as she does not touch it with her hands again until it has been touched by another player.



GK 2nd Touch - ExampleGK 2nd Touch - Example[Non-penal][Non-penal]


Goalkeeper Six Second ViolationGoalkeeper Six Second Violation A goalkeeper controlling the ball with the hands for

more than 6 seconds commits a non-penal foul. §

The 6 seconds does not include the time it takes the goalkeeper to take control of the ball or to recover from momentum.


If the goalkeeper is making a reasonable effort to release the ball into play, the referee should give her the benefit of the doubt.


GoalkeeperGoalkeeper Handles Throw-in Handles Throw-in

It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper handles the ball inside his own penalty area after it has been thrown in by a teammate and it has not touched another player.

The goalkeeper may handle a ball directly thrown to him by an opponent.



The 8 Non-Penal FoulsThe 8 Non-Penal Fouls

By a Goalkeeper

• Controls ball with hands for more than 6 seconds.

• Handles ball directly from a teammate’s throw-in

• Handles ball deliberately kicked to him by a teammate.

• Handles ball a 2nd time after releasing control of it.

By Another Player

• Plays in a dangerous manner.

• Impedes the progress of an opponent.

• Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball.

• Any other offense not mentioned in the Laws where play is stopped to issue a caution or to send off a player.

Restart: Indirect Free Kick (IFK) from where the foul occurred. *



GK Handles Ball Kicked by TeammateGK Handles Ball Kicked by Teammate

It is a non-penal foul if a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands inside his own penalty area, after it has been deliberately kicked, by a teammate, to him or to a place where he can legally handle it.

“Deliberately kicked” does not include situations where, in the opinion of the referee, the ball has been accidentally deflected, or misdirected. §

The IFK is taken from the place where the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands.*



Dangerous PlayDangerous Play

If, in the opinion of the referee, a player acts in a manner that is dangerous to himself or anyone else, and that action causes a nearby opponent to cease playing the ball or to be otherwise disadvantaged, then that player is “playing in a dangerous manner,” and has committed a non-penal foul. §

Dangerous play is the non-penal foul most often seen in youth games.


If, in a game involving young players, a dangerous situation occurs, the referee may stop play to eliminate the danger, even if an opponent is not nearby. In this case, the game would be restated with a dropped ball (DB).

A player lying on the ground may kick the ball if it is done safely. §


Dangerous PlayDangerous Play[Non-penal][Non-penal]


Impeding an OpponentImpeding an Opponent

Impeding the progress of an opponent is a non-penal foul.

This offense requires that the ball is not within playing distance or not capable of being played.

Physical contact between the player and the opponent is normally absent.

Impeding means moving on the field so as to obstruct, interfere with, or block the path of an opponent.


There are many occasions during a game when a player will come between an opponent and the ball, but in a majority of such instances, this is quite natural and fair.


Preventing GK from Releasing BallPreventing GK from Releasing Ball

It is a non-penal foul for a player to prevent an opposing goalkeeper from releasing the ball into play from his hands.

A verbal warning for a first offense may be more fair than an IFK.



Other OffensesOther Offenses

A player who charges an opponent in an otherwise legal manner, but away from the ball, is penalized with an IFK. If the charge was made in a CREF manner, the penalty would be a DFK, or PK.

When the goalkeeper does not have possession of the ball (in his hands) he may be fairly charged like any other player.

However, when he has possession of the ball (in his hands), he may not be charged.

Any other offense, not mentioned in Law 12, for which play is stopped to caution or send off a player, is penalized with an IFK.




A foul is penal or non-penal based on how bad it is? §

What are the 4 non penal fouls committed by a player ( other than the goalkeeper)?

For which penal fouls is the attempt itself a foul?

Is “high-kicking” dangerous play? What are the 4 most common penal fouls in

younger players’ games? §


Wrap-upWrap-up


U10 players respond to talking and whistling.


Any questions?


OffsideOffside

Module

9Use of The Soccer Tutor™ to teach offside is recommended.


Law 11 – Offside IntroductionLaw 11 – Offside Introduction

The basic law is only 185* words long, but discussion, misunderstanding and controversy are never ending. * 350 words including the 2 recent decisions……. (which were clarifications, not changes)

History: Offside was introduced to force players to move up and down the field, which makes the game more exciting.


Definition of OffsideDefinition of Offside A player is offside when:

He is in an offside position At the moment the ball is played

by or touches a teammate And, is involved in active play (All 3 conditions must be met)

Offside position is judged when the ball is played by or touches a teammate, not when the player in the offside position touches the ball.

The player must be involved in active play (as defined by FIFA) to be offside.

Offside Position (OSP) Ahead of the ball Ahead of the 2nd last defender (SLD) Not in own half of the field(Being in an offside position is not in itself an offence)

Active Play (as defined by FIFA) Interfere with play (play or be touched by the ball) Interfere with an opponent (impede or prevent an opponent from playing the ball) Gain an advantage by being in that position (interfere with play after a rebound)

Exceptions § Directly from Goal Kick,

Corner Kick, or Throw-in(Hint: Restart is because ball left the field)


Penalty for OffsidePenalty for Offside

FIFA Law:

The penalty for Offside is an IFK taken from where the infringement occurred.

FIFA Q&A:

The infringement occurred where the player was when the ball was played by or touched the player’s teammate.** Not where the player was when he became involved in Active Play!!!


When to Signal Offside

The assistant referee must not signal simply because a player is in an offside position, but must look for active involvement.

If an assistant referee is in any doubt as to whether a player is actively involved or not, the assistant referee is expected to refrain from signaling offside.

The referee, too, must be certain that there is active involvement before deciding for offside.

From: Advice for Referees

Guidelines:

Only signal when you are sure that an offside has actually occurred.


How to Signal Offside

When you are sure that offside occurred: Stop Raise flag Wait for whistle

After the whistle: Run to proper

restart position Signal near,

center or far side of field


Why Stay with the SLD

Is the green ball ahead of the white balls ?

The balls are actually in a straight line.

AR must stay in line with the Second Last Defender.


Offside Examples

Slide Presentation The Soccer Tutor Examples (hit Esc key)


Offside - Examples 1 & 2Offside - Examples 1 & 2

Clearly Offside In offside position when ball

was played by a teammate Interfered with play

Clearly Offside In offside position when ball

was played by a teammate Interfered with play



Not Offside B was not in an offside

position when his teammate played the ball.

Not Offside B was in an offside position

when his teammate played the ball, but

Was not involved in active play.



Offside B was in an offside

position when teammate A played the ball, and gained an advantage.

Not Offside B was not in an offside

position when teammate A played the ball.


Offside ConfirmationOffside Confirmation

What 3 conditions must exist for a player to be in an offside position?

What 3 conditions must exist for you to correctly signal an offside infraction?

What 3 actions are considered as “being involved in active play”?

How does the AR signal offside?

How does the referee signal offside?

Who makes the final decision?


Law 11 – Decision 2

Interfering with play means playing or touching the ball passed or

touched by a team-mate.

Interfering with an opponent means preventing an opponent from

playing or being able to play the ball by clearly obstructing the

opponent’s line of vision or movements or making a gesture or

movement which, in the opinion of the referee, deceives or distracts an

opponent.

Gaining an advantage by being in that position means playing a ball

that rebounds to him off a post or the crossbar having been in an

offside position or playing a ball that rebounds to him off an opponent

having been in an offside position.

The definitions of elements of involvement in active play are as follows:


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Break

5 Minutes


Review Referee and AR MechanicsReview Referee and AR Mechanics

Module

10


System of ControlSystem of Control

Diagonal system of control Referee and two assistant referees

(referred to as center and AR’s) Only FIFA, USSF and AYSO approved

system of control Dual referee system of control

Used in college, high school and some other competitions

Used in AYSO for over 40 years


Referee MechanicsReferee Mechanics Run along a broad diagonal

Stay close to play (10-20 yards) Keep ball between self and AR §

Control Play Use whistle to start play

(only when necessary) Use whistle to stop play Use hand signals to indicate

restart Use cards to indicate misconduct Use voice to provide positive

instruction

Accept advice from your AR (when appropriate) § - must remember to check AR frequently -

Don’t be afraid to correct mistakes Sell your calls!!!


Assistant Referee MechanicsAssistant Referee Mechanics Runs along touch line between

goal line and halfway line. § Stays in-line with 2nd last defender. Follows ball to goal line. Keeps flag straight down when

running. Stops before signaling, and then

snaps flag.

Doesn’t “chat” with coaches and spectators.

Keeps coaches and spectators off touch line. Checks substitutes and counts players on the field (or subs). Looks and acts involved and professional.


Referee DutiesReferee Duties Enforce Laws of the Game Ensure ball & players’ equipment meet standards Act as timekeeper & keep record of match Control match in cooperation with ARs §

Control Substitutions Stop, suspend or terminate match for cause Stop play when necessary for injury Restart match after it has stopped Apply advantage when appropriate Punish most serious if multiple offences

Keep match SAFE, FAIR & FUN Referee’s decisions on facts are final.


Referee Signals Referee Signals §


Assistant Referee Duties Assistant Referee Duties (Neutral)(Neutral)

Indicate ball in/out of play § (over your touch line and/or your goal line)

Offside (including involvement in active play)

Fouls or misconduct CR cannot see

Keep track of substitutions

Assist CR with sideline behavior

Assist CR in any other way requested


Club LinesmanClub Linesman

Signal when the whole ball has completely crossed the touch line.

Any other tasks assigned by referee. Remove debris Check nets Locate game ball(s) Collect lineup card(s)

Referee must communicate with club linesmen to keep them focused.


Assistant Referee Signals Assistant Referee Signals §


Confirmation—AR Signals Confirmation—AR Signals §


ConfirmationConfirmation If a coach feels that a referee isn’t calling

obvious fouls he should appeal the result of the game?

If both sides of the field are yelling foul, but neither the referee nor the AR saw a foul, the referee should call a foul?

When should a referee blow the whistle? How long should the referee hold his arm up to

indicate an IFK? § Referees should never change their decisions

because they will lose face?


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Review of RestartsReview of Restarts



The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball is stationary and all

players are in their own half. Opposing players must be

outside the center circle. Referee checks positions

then signals start. (Whistle)

Ball must be kicked forward.

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. If not taken correctly, the kick-off is retaken. Kicker may not touch the ball again until it touches

another player. (IFK is awarded to opponents) A goal can be scored directly from a kick-off.


Throw-inThrow-in

Thrower must — § Face the field of play Have part of each foot —

Touching the ground, and On or behind the touchline

Must use both hands to throw the ball from behind and over the head.

Ball is in play when released and any portion is on or over the outside edge of the touch line.

Opponents at least 2 yards from thrower § A goal may not be scored from a throw-in.

Taken when ball goes over the touch-line. (All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch


Goal KickGoal Kick

Taken from anywhere in the goal area. Lines are part of the

area they enclose.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by attacking team. (All general restart rules apply)

Opponents must move out of penalty area. Ball is in play when it leaves penalty area. A goal may be scored directly, but only

against opponents.



Corner KickCorner Kick

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. Can score directly into opponents’ goal.

Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by defending team. (All general restart rules apply)

Ball is placed in the corner area on the side where it left the field. Lines are part of the

area. Only E is incorrect § Player cannot move flag



Free KickFree Kick

Direct (DFK) or indirect (IFK) IFK – cannot score until the ball touches another player.

(Referee holds up arm until then.)

Taken from the place where the infringement occurred, or in certain cases where the ball was when play was stopped.‡

Opponents must be at least 10 yards* from the ball. (* Subject to small-sided & goal area issues.)

Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. § (If taken inside ones’ own penalty area it must leave the area.)

(All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch

‡ A free kick awarded inside the goal area is moved out to the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line.


Penalty KickPenalty Kick

All players except GK and kicker must be: Behind the ball Outside penalty area At least 10 yards from

ball (outside arc)

Taken when a DFK foul is committed by a defender in their own penalty area. (All general restart rules apply)

Only A & B are in correct positions. Goalkeeper may move laterally along goal line. Referee signals (whistle) when players are ready. Retaken or IFK if not taken correctly. (Spirit of Fairness)



Dropped BallDropped Ball

When play is stopped by the referee for an unusual reason, for example, an injury or outside interference, the game is restarted with a “dropped ball.” §

The ball is dropped by the referee where it was when play stopped, but never in the goal area.

The ball is in play when it hits the ground. Drop it from about the player’s waist height.


Review of Restarts §

RESTART KO TI GK CK IFK DFK PK DB

When is the ball in play?

Kicked forward

Released & breaks plane

Leaves Penalty Area

Kicked Kicked and leaves own Penalty Area

Kicked and leaves own Penalty Area

Kicked forward

Hits ground

Can player be offside directly from restart?

No No No No Yes Yes No No

Can a goal be scored directly from restart?

Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes


Test & Review — Basic RefereeTest & Review — Basic Referee

Be sure to print your name clearly on the form.

Test (20 min.) Review Test (10 min.) Graduation


Referee Support & ReviewReferee Support & Review

Module

12


Referee SupportReferee Support

Mentoring

Assessing Appearance Pre-game Instructions Fitness Attitude Courage, Character & Consistency Accuracy of Decisions Control

Continuing Education


MentoringMentoring

Friendly way to impart knowledge On-the-job training Evaluate what you hear Ask your support chain if you question

the advice, don’t be confrontational Keep an open mind Seek on-going training


Continuing EducationContinuing Education Attend formal training. Attend referee meetings. Read your manuals. Look on the Internet. Ask experienced referees. Ask your Director of Instruction or your

instructors, and check websites. www.ayso85.org www.ayso11L.org


AYSO National Referee ProgramAYSO National Referee Program

Organization NBOD, Section, Area, Region NSTC – Paid support staff (www.soccer.org)

AYSO Referee Grades U-8 Official (R85 Official) Assistant Referee Basic Referee (Regional) Intermediate Referee (Area) Advanced Referee (Section) National Referee (National)



Rules are rules at any age? What are the 5 AYSO Philosophies? The referees’ job is to keep the game

SAFE, FAIR and ______ ? The coach is my enemy so I need to

show him who is boss? Once I pass this course I’m a referee

and that’s all the training I need?


Thank You for Volunteering!½ min.


Wrap-upWrap-up



Any questions?


Referee Positioning Field ClinicReferee Positioning Field Clinic

Module

13

basic referee 8/1/20071 basic referee course regional referee badge required for u9 and above...

Documents

game safe

game of soccerspirit

review referee

post game

referee points

pregame preparation

referee support review

modern game lotg