baryon spectroscopy in the sextet gauge model · baryon spectroscopy in the sextet gauge model chik...
TRANSCRIPT
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopyin the Sextet Gauge Model
Baryon Spectroscopyin the Sextet Gauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky) Wong
Lattice Higgs Collaboration (LatHC):Zoltán Fodor $, Kieran Holland ∗,Julius Kuti †, Santanu Mondal −,
Dániel Nógrádi −, Chik Him Wong $
†: University of California, San Diego *: University of the Pacific $: University of Wuppertal -: Eötvös University
SCGT 2015
1 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
OutlineOutline
Review: Sextet Model as a Composite Higgs candidate modelBaryon Spectroscopy in the Sextet Model
Operator ConstructionPreliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Sextet Baryons as Dark Matter Candidates?Conclusion
2 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Goal: Look for a Composite Higgs model:An infrared fixed point almost exists + Confining⇒ models at theedge of conformal windowAfter Higgs boson discovery : Light 0++ Higgs + reproducedetected phenomenologyParameter Space:NC, Nf , Representations of SU(NC)
Focus of this talk: SU(3) Nf = 2 Sextet(Two-index symmetric)Model
3 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Goal: Look for a Composite Higgs model:An infrared fixed point almost exists + Confining⇒ models at theedge of conformal windowAfter Higgs boson discovery : Light 0++ Higgs + reproducedetected phenomenologyParameter Space:NC, Nf , Representations of SU(NC)
Focus of this talk: SU(3) Nf = 2 Sextet(Two-index symmetric)Model
3 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Goal: Look for a Composite Higgs model:An infrared fixed point almost exists + Confining⇒ models at theedge of conformal windowAfter Higgs boson discovery : Light 0++ Higgs + reproducedetected phenomenologyParameter Space:NC, Nf , Representations of SU(NC)
Focus of this talk: SU(3) Nf = 2 Sextet(Two-index symmetric)Model
3 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Goal: Look for a Composite Higgs model:An infrared fixed point almost exists + Confining⇒ models at theedge of conformal windowAfter Higgs boson discovery : Light 0++ Higgs + reproducedetected phenomenologyParameter Space:NC, Nf , Representations of SU(NC)
Focus of this talk: SU(3) Nf = 2 Sextet(Two-index symmetric)Model
3 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelSU(3) gauge theory with Nf = 2 fermions in Two-index symmetricrepresentation: (a,b = 0,1,2)
ψLab = ψ
Lba ≡
uLab
dLab
, ψRab = ψ
Rba ≡
(uR
ab dRab)
Flavor symmetry:SU(2)L×SU(2)R×U(1)“Minimal” Composite Higgs Theory:SU(2)L×SU(2)R → SU(2)V ⇒ SU(2)W ×U(1)Y → U(1)em
*taken and modified from a post by FLIP TANEDO in Quantum Diaries http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2012/02/14/why-do-we-expect-a-higgs-boson-part-ii-unitarization-of-vector-boson-scattering/
U(1) remains unbroken⇒ Baryon number conservation
4 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelSU(3) gauge theory with Nf = 2 fermions in Two-index symmetricrepresentation: (a,b = 0,1,2)
ψLab = ψ
Lba ≡
uLab
dLab
, ψRab = ψ
Rba ≡
(uR
ab dRab)
Flavor symmetry:SU(2)L×SU(2)R×U(1)“Minimal” Composite Higgs Theory:SU(2)L×SU(2)R → SU(2)V ⇒ SU(2)W ×U(1)Y → U(1)em
*taken and modified from a post by FLIP TANEDO in Quantum Diaries http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2012/02/14/why-do-we-expect-a-higgs-boson-part-ii-unitarization-of-vector-boson-scattering/
U(1) remains unbroken⇒ Baryon number conservation
4 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelSU(3) gauge theory with Nf = 2 fermions in Two-index symmetricrepresentation: (a,b = 0,1,2)
ψLab = ψ
Lba ≡
uLab
dLab
, ψRab = ψ
Rba ≡
(uR
ab dRab)
Flavor symmetry:SU(2)L×SU(2)R×U(1)“Minimal” Composite Higgs Theory:SU(2)L×SU(2)R → SU(2)V ⇒ SU(2)W ×U(1)Y → U(1)em
*taken and modified from a post by FLIP TANEDO in Quantum Diaries http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2012/02/14/why-do-we-expect-a-higgs-boson-part-ii-unitarization-of-vector-boson-scattering/
U(1) remains unbroken⇒ Baryon number conservation
4 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelSU(3) gauge theory with Nf = 2 fermions in Two-index symmetricrepresentation: (a,b = 0,1,2)
ψLab = ψ
Lba ≡
uLab
dLab
, ψRab = ψ
Rba ≡
(uR
ab dRab)
Flavor symmetry:SU(2)L×SU(2)R×U(1)“Minimal” Composite Higgs Theory:SU(2)L×SU(2)R → SU(2)V ⇒ SU(2)W ×U(1)Y → U(1)em
*taken and modified from a post by FLIP TANEDO in Quantum Diaries http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2012/02/14/why-do-we-expect-a-higgs-boson-part-ii-unitarization-of-vector-boson-scattering/
U(1) remains unbroken⇒ Baryon number conservation
4 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Review:Sextet Model as Composite Higgs candidate
Sextet ModelIntrinsically close to Conformal Windowβ function investigation is ongoing (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419)
Consistent evidence of χSBChiral Condensate: non-zero (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2013) 089)
Potential: Confining(Fodor et al, PoS (Lattice 2012) 025)
Hadron Spectrum: consistent with χSB (Fodor et al, Phys.Lett B 718, p. 657-666 )
Meson Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 419 )
f0 seems to be light⇒ Composite Higgs ImpostorMasses of a0, a1 and ρ’s are within LHC reach
Baryon Spectroscopy: (Fodor et al, PoS (LATTICE 2014) 281 )
What are the predictions from the Baryon Spectrum?Can the Sextet Baryons serve as Dark Matter candidates?
5 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Color structureIn fundamental representation (QCD), the baryon color singlet isgiven by three fermions:
3⊗3⊗3 = 1⊕2×8⊕10,
where ψa transforms as ψa′ → Ua′a ψa, and the constructed colorsinglet is Anti-symmetric:
εabc ψa ψb ψc
In the sextet representation, a color singlet can also be obtained bythree fermions:
6⊗6⊗6 = 1⊕2×8⊕10⊕10⊕3×27⊕28⊕2×35,
where ψab transforms as ψa′b′ → Ua′a ψab UTbb′ , and the constructed
color singlet is Symmetric, in sharp contrast with QCD:
εabc εa′b′c′ ψaa′ ψbb′ ψcc′ ≡ TABCΨAΨBΨC,
where A,B,C = 0,1,2,3,4,5
6 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Color structureIn fundamental representation (QCD), the baryon color singlet isgiven by three fermions:
3⊗3⊗3 = 1⊕2×8⊕10,
where ψa transforms as ψa′ → Ua′a ψa, and the constructed colorsinglet is Anti-symmetric:
εabc ψa ψb ψc
In the sextet representation, a color singlet can also be obtained bythree fermions:
6⊗6⊗6 = 1⊕2×8⊕10⊕10⊕3×27⊕28⊕2×35,
where ψab transforms as ψa′b′ → Ua′a ψab UTbb′ , and the constructed
color singlet is Symmetric, in sharp contrast with QCD:
εabc εa′b′c′ ψaa′ ψbb′ ψcc′ ≡ TABCΨAΨBΨC,
where A,B,C = 0,1,2,3,4,5
6 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Color structureIn fundamental representation (QCD), the baryon color singlet isgiven by three fermions:
3⊗3⊗3 = 1⊕2×8⊕10,
where ψa transforms as ψa′ → Ua′a ψa, and the constructed colorsinglet is Anti-symmetric:
εabc ψa ψb ψc
In the sextet representation, a color singlet can also be obtained bythree fermions:
6⊗6⊗6 = 1⊕2×8⊕10⊕10⊕3×27⊕28⊕2×35,
where ψab transforms as ψa′b′ → Ua′a ψab UTbb′ , and the constructed
color singlet is Symmetric, in sharp contrast with QCD:
εabc εa′b′c′ ψaa′ ψbb′ ψcc′ ≡ TABCΨAΨBΨC,
where A,B,C = 0,1,2,3,4,5
6 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Spin-Flavor structureSymmetric Color Structure⇒ Anti-symmetric Spin-Flavor StructureIn non-relativistic limit, a spin-up Sextet Nucleon is given byanti-symmetrizing | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉:
| ↑ N〉= | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉+ | ↓ u ↑ u ↑ d 〉+ | ↑ d ↓ u ↑ u 〉− | ↓ u ↑ d ↑ u 〉− | ↑ d ↑ u ↓ u 〉− | ↑ u ↓ d ↑ d 〉
The lattice operators that respect the Spin-flavor structure belong to asuitable multiplet of taste SU(4)(H. Kluberg-Stern et al, Nucl. Phys. B 220, 447 (1983), M. F. L. Golterman et al, Nucl. Phys. B 255, 328 (1985))
The lattice Sextet Nucleon operator that respect the overallstructure, in Dirac basis, takes the form
Nαi(2y) = TABC uαiA (2y)
[uβ j
B (2y) (Cγ5)βγ (C∗γ∗5 )ij dγj
C (2y)],
C : charge conjugation matrix, y : elementary staggered hypercubes
7 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Spin-Flavor structureSymmetric Color Structure⇒ Anti-symmetric Spin-Flavor StructureIn non-relativistic limit, a spin-up Sextet Nucleon is given byanti-symmetrizing | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉:
| ↑ N〉= | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉+ | ↓ u ↑ u ↑ d 〉+ | ↑ d ↓ u ↑ u 〉− | ↓ u ↑ d ↑ u 〉− | ↑ d ↑ u ↓ u 〉− | ↑ u ↓ d ↑ d 〉
The lattice operators that respect the Spin-flavor structure belong to asuitable multiplet of taste SU(4)(H. Kluberg-Stern et al, Nucl. Phys. B 220, 447 (1983), M. F. L. Golterman et al, Nucl. Phys. B 255, 328 (1985))
The lattice Sextet Nucleon operator that respect the overallstructure, in Dirac basis, takes the form
Nαi(2y) = TABC uαiA (2y)
[uβ j
B (2y) (Cγ5)βγ (C∗γ∗5 )ij dγj
C (2y)],
C : charge conjugation matrix, y : elementary staggered hypercubes
7 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Spin-Flavor structureSymmetric Color Structure⇒ Anti-symmetric Spin-Flavor StructureIn non-relativistic limit, a spin-up Sextet Nucleon is given byanti-symmetrizing | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉:
| ↑ N〉= | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉+ | ↓ u ↑ u ↑ d 〉+ | ↑ d ↓ u ↑ u 〉− | ↓ u ↑ d ↑ u 〉− | ↑ d ↑ u ↓ u 〉− | ↑ u ↓ d ↑ d 〉
The lattice operators that respect the Spin-flavor structure belong to asuitable multiplet of taste SU(4)(H. Kluberg-Stern et al, Nucl. Phys. B 220, 447 (1983), M. F. L. Golterman et al, Nucl. Phys. B 255, 328 (1985))
The lattice Sextet Nucleon operator that respect the overallstructure, in Dirac basis, takes the form
Nαi(2y) = TABC uαiA (2y)
[uβ j
B (2y) (Cγ5)βγ (C∗γ∗5 )ij dγj
C (2y)],
C : charge conjugation matrix, y : elementary staggered hypercubes
7 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Spin-Flavor structureSymmetric Color Structure⇒ Anti-symmetric Spin-Flavor StructureIn non-relativistic limit, a spin-up Sextet Nucleon is given byanti-symmetrizing | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉:
| ↑ N〉= | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉+ | ↓ u ↑ u ↑ d 〉+ | ↑ d ↓ u ↑ u 〉− | ↓ u ↑ d ↑ u 〉− | ↑ d ↑ u ↓ u 〉− | ↑ u ↓ d ↑ d 〉
The lattice operators that respect the Spin-flavor structure belong to asuitable multiplet of taste SU(4)(H. Kluberg-Stern et al, Nucl. Phys. B 220, 447 (1983), M. F. L. Golterman et al, Nucl. Phys. B 255, 328 (1985))
The lattice Sextet Nucleon operator that respect the overallstructure, in Dirac basis, takes the form
Nαi(2y) = TABC uαiA (2y)
[uβ j
B (2y) (Cγ5)βγ (C∗γ∗5 )ij dγj
C (2y)],
C : charge conjugation matrix, y : elementary staggered hypercubes
7 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Spin-Flavor structureSymmetric Color Structure⇒ Anti-symmetric Spin-Flavor StructureIn non-relativistic limit, a spin-up Sextet Nucleon is given byanti-symmetrizing | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉:
| ↑ N〉= | ↑ u ↑ d ↓ u 〉+ | ↓ u ↑ u ↑ d 〉+ | ↑ d ↓ u ↑ u 〉− | ↓ u ↑ d ↑ u 〉− | ↑ d ↑ u ↓ u 〉− | ↑ u ↓ d ↑ d 〉
The lattice operators that respect the Spin-flavor structure belong to asuitable multiplet of taste SU(4)(H. Kluberg-Stern et al, Nucl. Phys. B 220, 447 (1983), M. F. L. Golterman et al, Nucl. Phys. B 255, 328 (1985))
The lattice Sextet Nucleon operator that respect the overallstructure, in Dirac basis, takes the form
Nαi(2y) = TABC uαiA (2y)
[uβ j
B (2y) (Cγ5)βγ (C∗γ∗5 )ij dγj
C (2y)],
C : charge conjugation matrix, y : elementary staggered hypercubes
7 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Substituting qαi(2y) = 18 ∑η Γαi
η χq(2y+η) and combiningparity-opposite channels for locality in time:
Nαi(2y) =− 183 TABC ∑
~η ′Γ
αi~η ′ χ
Au (2y+~η ′)
·∑~η
S(~η) χBu (2y+~η) χ
Cd (2y+~η),
where Γ = γη11 γ
η22 γ
η33 γ
η44 and S(η) =±1
Local terms vanish due to symmetric color structureSurviving terms have the u quark and the diquark at diagonallyopposite corners, e.g.:
Set a:
Set b:
IVxy IVyz IVzx VIII
: χu : χd
8 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Substituting qαi(2y) = 18 ∑η Γαi
η χq(2y+η) and combiningparity-opposite channels for locality in time:
Nαi(2y) =− 183 TABC ∑
~η ′Γ
αi~η ′ χ
Au (2y+~η ′)
·∑~η
S(~η) χBu (2y+~η) χ
Cd (2y+~η),
where Γ = γη11 γ
η22 γ
η33 γ
η44 and S(η) =±1
Local terms vanish due to symmetric color structureSurviving terms have the u quark and the diquark at diagonallyopposite corners, e.g.:
Set a:
Set b:
IVxy IVyz IVzx VIII
: χu : χd
8 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy - Operator ConstructionBaryon Spectroscopy - Operator Construction
Substituting qαi(2y) = 18 ∑η Γαi
η χq(2y+η) and combiningparity-opposite channels for locality in time:
Nαi(2y) =− 183 TABC ∑
~η ′Γ
αi~η ′ χ
Au (2y+~η ′)
·∑~η
S(~η) χBu (2y+~η) χ
Cd (2y+~η),
where Γ = γη11 γ
η22 γ
η33 γ
η44 and S(η) =±1
Local terms vanish due to symmetric color structureSurviving terms have the u quark and the diquark at diagonallyopposite corners, e.g.:
Set a:
Set b:
IVxy IVyz IVzx VIII
: χu : χd
8 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Action: Tree-level Symanzik-Improved gauge action withStaggered Nf = 2 Sextet SU(3) fermionsRHMC algorithm with multiple time scales and Omelyan integratorLattices used: ( ∼ 1000−1500 Trajectories each)
β ≡ 6/g2 L T mq
3.20 48 96 0.00332 64 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008
Comparison of operators:(V = 323×64, mq = 0.007, 1000 trajectories, tmax = 20)
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set a
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set b
9 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Action: Tree-level Symanzik-Improved gauge action withStaggered Nf = 2 Sextet SU(3) fermionsRHMC algorithm with multiple time scales and Omelyan integratorLattices used: ( ∼ 1000−1500 Trajectories each)
β ≡ 6/g2 L T mq
3.20 48 96 0.00332 64 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008
Comparison of operators:(V = 323×64, mq = 0.007, 1000 trajectories, tmax = 20)
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set a
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set b
9 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Action: Tree-level Symanzik-Improved gauge action withStaggered Nf = 2 Sextet SU(3) fermionsRHMC algorithm with multiple time scales and Omelyan integratorLattices used: ( ∼ 1000−1500 Trajectories each)
β ≡ 6/g2 L T mq
3.20 48 96 0.00332 64 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008
Comparison of operators:(V = 323×64, mq = 0.007, 1000 trajectories, tmax = 20)
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set a
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set b
9 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Action: Tree-level Symanzik-Improved gauge action withStaggered Nf = 2 Sextet SU(3) fermionsRHMC algorithm with multiple time scales and Omelyan integratorLattices used: ( ∼ 1000−1500 Trajectories each)
β ≡ 6/g2 L T mq
3.20 48 96 0.00332 64 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008
Comparison of operators:(V = 323×64, mq = 0.007, 1000 trajectories, tmax = 20)
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set a
12 13 14 15 16tmin
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
MN
VIIIIV
xy
IVyz
IVzx
Set b
9 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Operator IVxy in set a is chosenChiral extrapolation at β = 3.20
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
0.06
F
Fπ=F + p
F m
F=0.02422(45)
pF=4.07(10)
Χ2/dof=1.28
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
MN
MN
=c0 + c
1 m
c0=0.332(13)
c1=38.8(2.1)
Χ2/dof=0.506
10 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Operator IVxy in set a is chosenChiral extrapolation at β = 3.20
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
0.06
F
Fπ=F + p
F m
F=0.02422(45)
pF=4.07(10)
Χ2/dof=1.28
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
MN
MN
=c0 + c
1 m
c0=0.332(13)
c1=38.8(2.1)
Χ2/dof=0.506
10 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Chiral extrapolation at β = 3.20
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6M
MN
Ma
1
Mρ
Mπ
3.2
β
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
M /
F
0
0.49
0.98
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.4
3.9
4.4
4.9
5.4
M /
TeV
MN
Ma
1
Mρ
11 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
β = 3.25 is being investigatedPreliminary results:(with ∼ 250 trajectories of V = 483×96 at m = 0.002,0.003)
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
MN
MN
=c0 + c
1 m
c0=0.2471(33)
c1=33.23(65)
Χ2/dof=1.92
12 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
Baryon Spectroscopy -Preliminary Lattice Simulation Results
β = 3.25 is being investigatedPreliminary results:(with ∼ 250 trajectories of V = 483×96 at m = 0.002,0.003)
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008m
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
MN
MN
=c0 + c
1 m
c0=0.2471(33)
c1=33.23(65)
Χ2/dof=1.92
12 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?
Lightest Sextet Baryon as we know so far:Mass could be in the range of 3 TeVStable
If the Sextet model is a viable composite Higgs candidate,Can the Sextet Baryons be Dark Matter candidates?
if Yes→ Can any predictions be made?if No→ Look for variants and extensions (or find a better model)
Embedding Electroweak interaction:ABJ Anomaly Free⇒ Tr Y = Tr Y3 = 0Hypercharge generator: Y ≡ 2(Q−T3)⇒ QuL = QuR = 1
2 , QdL = QdR =− 12 is a consistent choice
⇒ YuL = YdL = 0, YuR = 1, YdR =−1The Lightest Sextet Baryons : Sextet Nucleons (uud and udd)Quud = 1
2 , Qudd =− 12 as Dark Matters
⇒ Fractionally CHArged Massive Particle (FCHAMP) Category*Background picture taken and modified fromhttp://www.cita.utoronto.ca/ dubinski/iya2009/gallery/images/Simulation_dubinski_cosmoslice_blue.jpg
13 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
Dark Matter Candidates?Dark Matter Candidates?Sakharov’s Conditions for Baryogenesis: (J. M. Cline, hep-ph/0609145)
B-violation: Possible by non-Abelian non-perturbative anomaliesLoss of Thermal Equilibrium
Sextet baryons and antibaryons are produced in the Electroweak phasetransition (expected to be of second order with two fermion flavors inthe chiral limit)Charge symmetric sextet baryon and sextet antibaryon densities inthermal equilibrium will continue to decrease well below the criticaltemperature Tc until at freeze-out temperature T∗Expansion rate sets the density to its relic abundance level from thesolution of the Boltzmann equationT∗ and the related relic abundance level are very sensitive to theannihilation rate of Sextet Baryons and Sextet AntibaryonsExperimental Constraints & Theoretical Requiem prefer tiny FCHAMPrelic abundance (P. Langacker and G. Steigman, Phys. Rev. D 84, 065040 (2011)
Boltzmann suppression from ∝ e−MB/T∗ is expectedC, CP violation: Undetermined
The lightest Baryons of the “Minimal” Sextet model cannot beDark Matter candidates⇒ Possible extensions:
New Lepton doublets and singlets: φ L ≡
νL
eL
, φ R ≡(νR eR)
QCD-like Q assignment⇒ Lightest Sextet Baryon expected to be neutralThird fermion flavor which is massive and electroweak singlet 14 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15
BaryonSpectroscopyin the SextetGauge Model
Chik Him (Ricky)Wong
Outline
Review
BaryonSpectroscopy
Operator Construction
Simulation Results
Dark Mattercandidates?
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusionBaryon Spectroscopy is studied in the Sextet model, a compositeHiggs candidate modelSextet baryon operators are constructed differently from QCD dueto the symmetric color structurePreliminary Lattice results are shown
Mass of the lightest Sextet Baryon: ∼ 3 TeVMore comprehensive studies on extended dataset are undergoing
The Possibility of Sextet Baryons being Dark Matter candidates isexplored
*taken from http://cdn.thewestsidestory.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Scientists-detect-possible-pragmatic-existence-of-dark-matter.jpg
15 / 15