Barriers to Effective CommunicationBarriers to Effective Communication

• Process Barriers:Process Barriers: involve all components of the perceptual model of communication

• Personal Barriers:Personal Barriers: involve components of an individual’s communication competence and interpersonal dynamics between people communicating

• Physical Barriers:Physical Barriers: pertain to the physical distance between people communicating

• Semantic Barriers:Semantic Barriers: relate to the different understanding and interpretations of the words we use to communicate

• For class discussion:For class discussion: Which of the barriers to effective communication is the most difficult to deal with? Explain.

Listening StylesListening Styles

Results-style:Results-style: Interested in the bottom line or result of a message.

Reasons-style:Reasons-style: Interested in hearing the rationale behind a message.

Process-style:Process-style: Likes to discuss issues in detail.

TWO PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION

1. Communication is an on-going, dynamic, transactional process

(Two models of Communication)

Self-Concept Circle

1. The person I

think I am.

2. The person others

think I am.

3. The person others think

I think I am.

As I See Myself

Other’s Reactions to Me

As Others See Me

My Actions

DefinitionsDefinitions

• Self-concept: Picture or perception of Self-concept: Picture or perception of ourselves ourselves

• Self Esteem: Feelings we have about Self Esteem: Feelings we have about ourselves ourselves

• Self-ideal: The way we would like to beSelf-ideal: The way we would like to be

Models of Communication

LINEAR MODEL

RMS

TRANSACTIONAL MODEL

S/R R/S

Context/Environment

Noise

M/F

F

TWO PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION

1. Communication is an on-going, dynamic, transactional process

(Two Models of Communication)

2. It is impossible to NOT communicate(Five Types of Communication)

FIVE TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

Intrapersonal

Small Group

Mass

Interpersonal

Public

STAGES OF LISTENING

1. Hearing

2. Selecting

3. Attending

4. Understanding

5. Evaluating

6. Remembering

7. Responding

TYPES OF LISTENING

Listening for enjoyment

Listening for information

Empathic listening

Critical / evaluative listening