baroque and rococo 17 th and 18 th century. baroque the term baroque once had a negative meaning....
TRANSCRIPT
BaroqueBaroqueThe term Baroque once had a negative meaning.
The name is derived from Baroque pearls ◦pearls with unusual, odd shapes
Compared to Renaissance art, it was considered to be ◦“over-dramatic” ◦ The architecture, “overly decorated”.
Baroque PearlBaroque Pearl
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Baroque StyleBaroque StyleBaroque style is DramaticStrong Contrast of Light and Dark
Dynamic CompositionArchitecture is decorative / many details
Roman Catholic Church supported Baroque art style in response to the Protestant Reformation (movement to reform Catholic Church) ◦ communication of religious themes with
viewer's direct and emotional involvement
Aristocracy adopted Baroque style◦ to impress visitors and to express triumphant
power and control
Baroque Art – 1600-1750
Catholic Countries: Italy, Flanders (Flemish), Spain, France
Common Traits that reflect the values of the time:
-Gigantic religious works to display their faith’s triumph and to over-whelm and attract new worshippers.
-Massive displays of wealth by absolute monarchs to enchant and impress visitors.
Baroque Art – 1600-1750
Catholic Countries: Italy, Flanders (Flemish), Spain, France
What to look for:
-Use of light – harsh light from single source to concentrate your eye (chiaroscuro but for focal point…).
-Saints and miracles looking like ordinary people and events
Baroque Art – 1600-1750
Catholic Countries: Italy, Flanders (Flemish), Spain, France
What to look for:
-Use of light – harsh light from single source to concentrate your eye (chiaroscuro but for focal point…).
-Saints and miracles looking like ordinary people and events
-dynamic explosion of energy – images captured at height of action
-VERY voluptuous female nudes
-portraits – posed to show refinement but looked “real”
-huge clouds in landscapes
Baroque Art – 1600-1750
Two distinct “schools” of Baroque Art:
1. Catholic Countries: Italy, Flanders (Flemish or
Austrian/Spanish Netherlands), Spain, France
2. Protestant Countries: England & Holland (Dutch)
Annibale CarracciAnnibale Carracci, , Loves of the GodsLoves of the Gods, 1597 – 1601, Ceiling , 1597 – 1601, Ceiling FrescoFresco
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Commissioned by Cardinal Farnese to celebrate the wedding of his brother
Various Gods and Humans in love“quadro riportato” – looks like framed easel paintings
Inspired by Italian Renaissance art (Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Annibale Carracci, Loves of the Gods
ComparisonComparison
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Baroque fresco Renaissance fresco
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Caravaggio, Conversion of St. Paul, 1601, Oil on Canvas
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Story of Pharisee Saul converting to Christianity
Appears to be an accident in the horse stable (everyday life)
Caravaggio used strong light and dark / shadowy style (greatly influenced European art)
Perspective and Chiaroscuro (light and shadow) used to bring the viewer closer to the event
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Caravaggio, Calling of St. Matthew, 1597 – 1601, Oil on Canvas
Christ enters from the right to summon Levi (a Roman tax collector) to a “higher calling”
Bland street scene (“normal, everyday life”)
Caravaggio’s style of strong light and shadowLight as a symbol of God
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
ComparisonComparison
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Gianlorenzo Bernini, Baldacchino, 1624 – 1633, Gilded Bronze
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Bronze “canopy” over the tomb of St. Peter
Focal point of church
Made from Bronze of doors of the ancient Roman Pantheon (Pantheon was a temple for Pagan religion)
Commissioned by the Barberini Family
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
St. Peter's, Rome exterior – late Renaissance (Completed 1690) designed in part by Michelangelo
Largest interior of any Catholic Church in world – holds up to 60, 000 people
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Ancient Roman Pantheon, 125 – 28 CE
This supreme example of Baroque art was the first masterpiece that the twenty-six year old genius, Gianlorenzo Bernini made for St. Peter's Basilica. It is impossible not to admire this fantastic, sumptuous bronze canopy supported by four spiral columns, richly decorated with gold, as it majestically rises upward. It is the largest known bronze artwork. He sent most of his life working on St. Peter’s Cathedral
Baldachin of St. Peter’s Cathedral
BerniniItalian
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Diego Valazquez,Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor),1656
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Informal family portrait Theme “Mystery of the
Visual World”
Young Princess in middle “Infantata”
Maids in waiting helping her
Her favorite dwarfs and her dog
Valasquez is working on large canvas (portrait of King Philip IV and Queen Mariana (reflections in mirror)
Man framed in doorway
Made for King Philip IV
Spanish Victory over Dutch in 1625
Spanish troops on right (organized - victory)
Dutch troops on left (disorganized – defeat)
Spanish General patting the back of Dutch General
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Francisco de Zurbaran, Saint Serpion, 1628,
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
St. Serpion (Martyr) – tied to a tree and tortured (devotion to religion)
St. Serpion - monk born in England -◦ “commoner”
De Zurbaran inspired by Caravaggio’s light and shadow
Figure fills the foreground (close to viewer)
Baroque Art – 1600-1750
Protestant Countries: Holland (Dutch) & England
Common Traits that reflect the values of the time:
-Still lifes
-Landscapes
-Portraits
-Very little to no religious imagery
Independence from SpainTrade and Banking = Patrons of
ArtProtestant rejected religious art,
traded for portraits, genre scenes, and landscapes
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Created when he was a student
Exercise in lighting, expression
Rembrandt created at least 70 self-portraits during his lifetime (oil paintings and etchings)
Rembrandt van Rijn Self-Portrait in a Cap, Etching, 1630
Rembrant Self-PortraitsRembrant Self-Portraits
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Rembrandt van Rijn, Return of the Prodigal Son, 1665,
Stillness / inward contemplation (less dramatic than Italian Baroque paintings)
Humility and humanity of Christ
Father and Son relationship (father forgiving Christ)
Light mixed with shadow
Light focused on father and son
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Frans Hals, The Women of the Regents of the Old Men’s Home at Haarlem, 1664
Somber and Serious
Very orderly composition
Monochromatic Color Palette (black and white and gray)
Women look out of painting (2 look at viewer)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Hyancinthe Rigaud, Louis XIV, 1701,
Louis XIV expanded the Louve and extended expenses for the building and completion of versailles
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
King Louis XIV
Grandiose
Absolute Monarchy
Wore high heels to make him taller (5’4”)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Charles Le Brun, Hall of Mirrors (Palace of Versailles), 1680, interior architecture
Hall of Mirrors in King Louis XIV’s Palace of Versailles
Mirror – Baroque source of illusion
100’s of rooms in palace
Rich decoration / details
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Means pebble, or shellRefined, fanciful, playful style
fashionable in France due to Louis XIV’s pampered lifestyle.
1700-1789Scenes showed the luxuries and
leisurely pursuits of aristocrats and the wealthy
More decorative and non-functional then Baroque
Rococo
Rococo StyleRococo StylePastel colorsDelicately curving formsDainty figures,Light heartedSensual and erotic
David
• Compare and Contrast each “David”.• Discuss the Artist, Time Period, and Materials used• Discuss what style characteristics are evident in each piece and how does it compare to the others?• Discuss the theme and situation that the statue portrays. How Does it fit in the time period?
Compare and ContrastCompare and Contrast
Compare the artwork of Baroque and Rococo.What characteristics of style did they have in
common? In contrast?What were the themes of Baroque? Of Rococo?What was going on in society when Baroque
was popular?What was going on in society during the
Rococo period?