bao cao thuc tap led ma tran 9698

Trng H Cng Nghip H ni

Khoa in T

LI NI U ******O()O******Qung co lun l mt trong cc vn ng vai tr quan trng trong s pht trin ca mt cng ty, doanh nghip hay thm ch l ca mt ca hng. Qung co tt s em li nhiu li ch to ln. Cng chnh v vy m khng ngc nhin khi hng nm cc doanh nghip u t rt nhiu vo vn ny. Mt trong nhng bi n php c a dng hin nay l s dng bng qung co bng n LED, v s n gin, hin i, bt mt, chi ph hp l cng nh tnh hiu qu ca n. Nhng b ng thng tin, cng cho hay nhng bng LED qung co vi mu sc sc s, bt mt, gy nhiu ch chc hn khng cn xa l i vi ngi dn, nht l ngi dn th. Qung co bng n LED hin nay c ng dng rt rng ri trong nhi u ngnh, nhiu lnh vc. N khng ch gii hn bi vic hin th cc dng ch, cc bin hiu nhp nhy m cn c th hin th cc hnh nh ha, cc hnh nh y mu sc v c bit l c th hin th c c video. N cng khng ch gii hn trong vic qung co trong nh (indoor), bn ngoi tri (semi outdoor ) m cn c th qung co c ngoi tri, ngay gia ban ngy vi sng v sc nt cao. Do vy, em c thy gio Nguyn Xun Chin giao cho ti:Nghin

cu xy dng Bng qung co t LED Ma tr n lm ti thc tp ttnghip. Nhim v thit k : Bng ma trn LED hin th ch 1 mu chy hiu ng t phi qua tri. Hin th c ng h kim c c gi,pht, giy. Trong thi gian lm n em lun nhn c s gip ch bo tn tnh ca cc thy c gio trong khoa in t, c bit l thy Nguyn Xun Chin v cc bn sinh vin khc cng vi s n lc ht mnh, em hon thnh bn n mt cch tt nht. Tuy nhin do trnh cn hn ch v thi gian c hn nn bn n c a em hn vn cn nhiu thiu st. Em knh mong nhn c s ng gp ca cc thy c gio v cc bn bn n ca em c hon thin hn. Em xin chn thnh cm n!

Sinh vin th c hi n: Nguy n Vn Gii.

Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7

Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


Khoa in T

Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. H ni, Ngy thng 05 nm 2011

GV hng dn:




Khoa in T

CHNG 1. T VN V NHIM V1.1. L do chn ti in in t l mt trong nhng lnh vc rt pht trin v nh gi c tc pht trin v kinh t cng nh khoa hc k thut ca mt t nc. Vic pht trin, ch to cc lai Chip, cc lai IC tch hp thng dng, c ng dng nhiu trong thc t c vai tr to ln trong qu trnh pht trin khoa hc k thut lin quan n k thut in in t - t ng ha. Vit Nam cng ngh ch to cc l ai Chip vi iu khin, cc cng ngh tch hp IC cha c ch trng pht trin, phn ln cn ng dng v ph thuc nhiu vo cc cng ngh tin tin ca cc nc pht trin nh: M, Nht Bn c bit l tp on in t khng l Intel V vy vic hc tp, tm hiu nghin cu li nhng cng ngh pht trin ca cc nc bn c ngha c bit quan trng i vi ngi hc v ng vai tr khng nh trong qu trnh pht trin nn gio dc ca nc nh. 1.2. i tng nghin cu i tng nghin cu ca n mn hc ni ring v cc mn h c chuyn ngnh in t ni chung l cc sinh vin theo hc, tm hiu v nghin c u trong lnh vc in t, ng thi l tt c nhng ngi yu thch chuyn ngnh in t, v y l mn hc c bn lm nn tng, trang b kin thc cho ngi hc c th t tm hiu, nghin cu cc ti liu hc tp cho cc mn hc tip theo, ng thi cng c kin thc cc mn hc c hc trong thi gian theo hc ti trng. 1.3. Phng php nghin cu Phng php nghin cu ti ca n mn hc : Nghin cu xy dng Bng qung co t LED ma trn ch yu bng thc nghim. V mn hc c tnh cht l thuyt, v lin quan mt thit n thc t nn vic tm kim ti liu ting Vit lin quan n ti l rt kh khn nn qu trnh han thnh n mn hc ch yu bng cc ti liu do gio vin hng dn cung cp cng s gip ca bn b, cc sinh vin kha trn v mt s ti liu trn mng Internet.




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CHNG 2. TNG QUAN V PHNG PHP IU KHIN LED MA TRN2.1. Khi qut chung v LED 2.1.1. Lch s hnh thnh n LED Cch y 13 nm, n LED qu l khng tng cho ti khi khoa hc cng ngh xut hin. N gii quyt mi kh khn cn vng mc. K t , n LED to nn cuc cch mng nhanh chng. Chng hin ang c lp t trong rt nhiu thit b, bao gm c h thng chiu sng ca b bi, n c n LED c mt t nhng thp nin 60, nhng m hu ht ch dng hin th thi gian ca ng h bo thc hay dung lng pin ca my ghi hnh. Mt thi gian di, n LED khng c dng lm ngun sng bi v chng ch cho nh sng , xanh l cy v vng m khng cho nh sng trng. n nm 1993, cng ty ho cht Nichia ca Nht Bn cho ra i loi n LED xanh dng, l s kt hp gia nh sng v xanh l cy cho ra nh sng trng. S kin ny m ra mt lnh v c mi v cng ngh LED. n LED da trn cng ngh bn dn ngy cng tng v chiu sng, hiu sut v tui th, ging nh b x l ca my tnh, pht trin ngy cng nhanh v gi thnh ngy cng gim theo thi gian. Nhng nm 1960: Pht minh ra n Led nh sng . Nhng nm 1970: Pht minh ra Led 7 on. Nhng nm 1980: Pht minh ra led xanh l cy. Nhng nm 1990: Pht minh ra led xanh dng l c s pht trin n led nh sng trng. Nhng nm 2000: Thi im bng n n Led chiu sng. 2.1.2. Khi nim v LED LED (vit tt ca Light Emitting Diode, c ngha l it pht quang) l cc it c kh nng pht ra nh sng hay tia hng ngoi, t ngoi. Cng ging nh it, LED c cu to t mt khi bn dn loi p ghp vi mt khi bn dn loi n. 2.1.3. Hot ng ca n LED Hot ng ca n LED ging vi nhiu loi it bn dn. Khi bn dn loi p cha nhiu l trng t do mang in tch dng nn khi ghp vi khi bn dn n (cha cc in t t do) th cc l trng ny c xu hng chuyn ng khuch tn sang khi n. Cng lc khi p li nhn thm cc in t (in tch m) t khi n chuyn sang. Kt qu l khi p tch in m (thiu ht l trng v d tha in t) trong khi khi n tch in dng (thiu ht in t v d tha l trng).Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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bin gii hai bn mt tip gip, mt s in t b l trng thu ht v khi chng tin li gn nhau, chng c xu hng kt hp vi nhau to thnh cc nguyn t trung ha. Qu trnh ny c th gii phng nng lng di dng nh sng (hay cc bc x in t c bc sng gn ). Ty theo mc nng lng gii phng cao hay thp m bc sng nh sng pht ra khc nhau (tc mu sc ca LED s khc nhau). Mc nng lng (v mu sc ca LED) hon ton ph thuc vo cu trc nng lng ca cc nguyn t cht bn dn. LED thng c in th phn cc thun cao hn it thng thng, trong khong 1,5 n 3V. Nhng in th phn cc nghch LED th khng cao. Do , LED rt d b h hng do in th ngc gy ra. Loi LED in th phn cc thun: : 1,4 - 1,8V. Vng: 2 - 2,5V. Xanh l cy: 2 - 2,8V. 2.1.4. u nhc im ca n LED u im + Tui th cao: Hin ti n LED cho nh sng trng c tui th ln ti 50,000 gi s dng lin tc gp 50 ln so vi bng n 60W thng thng. Nu s dng 10 gi mi ngy, th bng c th s dng trong 23 nm. + Li ch kinh t: n LED tit kim 70-80% nng lng so vi cc loi bng n thng thng. + Tt cho th lc ca ngi s dng: nh sng ca n LED du mt, hiu ng chi mt thp v hon ton khng nhp nhy h ca bng hunh quang, vn b coi l nguyn nhn gy ra bnh au na u v ng kinh. + t nh hng ti mi trng: Do phn ln nng lng c chuyn ha thnh quang nng, do hiu ng nhit ca n LED rt thp. N hon ton khng ta nhit vo mi trng. Cc nghin cu khoa hc cho thy mt bng LED trung bnh ta ra mt lng nhit 3,4 btu/h (tng ng vi 1W), trong khi mt bng n dy tc c sng tng ng ta ra nhit lng khong 85 btu/h (tng ng vi 25W). Ngoi ra bng n LED khng cha thy ngn v do s t gy hi cho mi trng hn khi thi b + Thi gian khi ng nhanh: Khng ging vi bng n hunh quang, n LED gn nh bt sng ngay lp tc khi c cp in.Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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+ Bn vng c bit: Do c lm t cht liu nha cao cp nn n LED c th chu ng cc lc va p mnh, hoc cc nh hng bi thi tit nh ma , nng

Nhc im + Chi ph sn xut cao, lp t thi cng phc tp, tn nhiu thi gian hn cc loi bng thng thng khc. + To nhit chn n, gy nh hng n cc b phn lin k. + Cha tin dng: n LED vn l mt hng cng ngh cao phi mua t i l c a hng, b iu khin ca hng no ch chy vi n LED ca ng hng y m thi. 2.1.5. ng dng ca n LED + n chiu sng s dng cc LED pht nh sng trng. + LED c dng lm b phn hin th trong cc thit b in, in t, n qung co, trang tr, n giao thng. + C nghin cu v cc loi LED c sng tng ng vi bng n bng kh neon. n chiu sng bng LED c cho l c cc u im nh gn nh, bn, tit kim nng lng. + Cc LED pht ra tia hng ngoi c dng trong cc thit b iu khin t xa cho in t dn dng. + n LED c th c s dng trong nhiu lnh vc nh n c, chiu sng b bi, nht l cho chiu sng qung co ngoi tri ti nhng ni kh thay l p, do c tui th cao hn nhiu ln so vi bng n neon, ng thi c nhiu mu sc phong ph nh: , xanh l, xanh da tri, mu h phch... nc ta, n LED c ng dng tit kim nng l ng, phc v cho qung co, chiu sng th. in hnh l vic lp t h thng n LED ti c u sng Hn v Thun Phc (TP. Nng). 2.2. Phng php iu khin n LED Theo yu cu ca n: Nghin cu xy dng Bng qung co t LED n . Hin th c dng ch chy: KHOA IN T. Bng hin th mu , vi kch thc 16x64. V vy ta chia ra lm 2 modul nh vi kch thc mi modul l 16x32 LED tng ng vi mt LED ma trn c kch thc 16x32. Sau ta iu khin theo nguyn tc ca LED ma trn. 2.2.1. C s l thuyt Da trn nguyn tc nh qut mn hnh, ta c th thc hin vic hin th ma trn n bng cch qut theo hng v qut theo ct. Mi LED trn ma trn LED c th coi nh mt im nh. a ch ca mi im nh ny c xc nh ng thi biNguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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mch gii m hng v gii m ct, im nh ny s c xc nh trng thi nh d liu a ra t b vi iu khin AT 89C52. Nh vy ti mi thi im ch c tr ng thi ca mt im nh c xc nh. Tuy nhin khi xc nh a ch v trng thi ca im nh tip theo th cc im nh cn li s chuyn v trng thi tt (nu LED ang sng th s tt dn). V th hin th c ton b hnh nh ca ma trn n, ta c th qut ma trn nhiu ln vi tc qut rt ln, ln hn nhiu ln thi gian kp tt ca n. Mt ngi ch nhn bit c ti a 24 hnh/s do nu tc qut rt ln th s khng nhn ra c s thay i nh ca n m s thy c ton b hnh nh cn hin th. S khi:

Gii m ct

D liu

Gii m hng

Ma trn n LED

Hnh 2.1. S khi dng ma trn LED

thc hin c qut hng v qut ct th ma trn LED c thit k nh sau: + Cc LED trn cng mt hng s c ni cc chn dng vi nhau. + Cc LED trn cng mt ct s c ni cc chn m vi nhau nh hnh v. Ta c th m phng mt ma trn LED n gin 4x4 nh sau:

Hnh 2.2. S thit k ma trn LED




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Trng thi ca mt LED s c quyt nh bi tn hiu in p i vo ng thi c 2 chn. V d LED sng th in p 5v phi a vo chn dng v chn m phi c ni t, LED s tt khi khng c in p a vo chn dng. Vi ti ny, chng em chia ra lm 2 modul nh vi kch thc mi modul l 16x32 LED hin th.

Ta c s nguyn l ca ma trn LED 8x8:

Hnh 2.3. S nguyn l ma trn LED 8x8

2.2.2. Gii thiu chung v h thng Vi mc ch tm hiu v cch thit k v xy dng mt bng qung co in t bng n LED n gin chng em xy dng mt h thng quang bo vi s khi nh sau: Khi iu khin hin th: c chc nng x l cc d liu m my tnh truyn ti to ra cc d liu v mc logic cn cp cho cc LED trong tng ct ng thi iu khin qu trnh cp ngun cho led ma trn. Khi ny c xy dng bng cc th tc x l d liu trn vi iu khin. Khi nhn c d liu v chui k t cn hin th th khi ny s to d liu v mc logic cn cp cho LED ma trn. Khi nhn c d liu v mu sc,




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hiu ng hin th th khi ny s xc nh th tc gi d liu cho cc khi cht d liu hng v ct. 2.2.3. S khi ca mch hin th dng ma trn LED 2.2.4. Nhim v ca cc khi B vi iu khin 89S52 y l ni lu gi chng trnh iu khin chnh v d liu cho cc mch gii m hng v ct. AT89C52 l mt h vi tnh 8 bit n chip CMOS c hiu sut cao, cng sut ngun tiu th thp v c 4Kbyte b nh ROM Flash xo c/lp trnh c. Chip ny c sn xut da vo cng ngh b nh khng mt ni dung c tch hp cao. AT89S52 c cc c trng chun sau: 8Kbyte Flash, 256 byte RAM, 32 ng xut nhp, ba b nh thi/m 16 bit, mt cu trc ngt hai mc u tin v 6 nguyn nhn ngt, mt port ni tip song cng, mch to dao ng v to xung Clock trn Chip. Ch ngh dng CPU trong khi vn cho php RAM, cc b nh thi/ m, Port ni tip v h thng ngt hot ng. M t cc chn ca IC 8952:

Hnh2.4. S chn IC 89S52

- Vcc: Chn cung cp in.- GND: Chn ni t.




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- Port 0: Port 0 l port xut nhp 8 bit 2 chiu cc D h. Port 0 cn c c u hnhlm bus a ch (byte thp) v lm bus d liu a hp trong khi truy xut b nh d liu ngoi v b nh chng trnh ngoi. Port 0 cng nhn cc byte m trong khi lp trnh cho Flash v xut cc byte m trong khi kim tra chng trnh.

- Port 1: Port 1 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu c cc in tr ko ln bn trong.Khi cc logic 1 c ghi ln cc chn ca port 1, cc chn ny c ko ln mc cao bi cc in tr ko ln bn trong v c th c s dng nh l cc ng vo. Khi lm nhim v l cc port nhp, cc chn ca port 1 ang c ko xung mc thp do tc ng bn ngoi s cp dng do c cc in tr ko ln bn trong.

- Port 2: Port 2 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu c cc in tr ko ln bn trong.Khi cc logic 1 c ghi ln cc chn ca port 2, cc chn ny c s dng nh l cc ng vo. Khi lm nhim v port nhp, cc chn ca port 2 ang c ko xung mc thp do tc ng bn ngoi s cp dng do c cc in tr ko ln bn trong. Port 2 to ra byte cao ca bus a ch trong thi gian tm np lnh t b nh chng trnh ngoi, v trong thi gian truy xut b nh d liu ngoi s dng cc a ch 16 bit.

- Port 3: L port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu c cc in tr ko ln bn trong. Khi cclogic 1 c ghi ln cc chn ca port 3, cc chn ny c ko ln mc cao b i cc in tr ko ln bn trong v c th c s dng nh l cc ng vo. Khi lm nhim v port nhp, cc chn ca port 3 ang c ko xung mc thp do tc ng bn ngoi s cp dng do c cc in tr ko ln bn trong. Port 3 cn c s dng lm cc chc nng khc ca AT89C52: P3.0 g vo Port ni tip. P3.1 g ra Port ni tip. P3.2 g vo ngt ngoi 0. P3.3 g vo ngt ngoi 1. P3.4 g vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 1. P3.5 g vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 0. P3.6 iu khin ghi b nh d liu ngoi. P3.7 iu khin c b nh d liu ngoi.

- RST: Ng vo Reset. Mc cao trn chn ny trong 2 chu k my trong khi b daong ang hot ng s Reset AT89S52.




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Hnh 2.5. Mch Reset t ng khi khi ng my

Vi bi ny em thc hin Reset bng cch ni chn 9 ca 89S51 vi ngun 5V .

- ALE: ALE l mt xung ng ra cho php cht a ch ALE (Address Latch Enable)cho php cht byte thp ca a ch trong thi gian truy xut b nh ngoi. Chn ny cng c dng lm ng vo xung lp trnh (PROG) trong thi gian lp trnh cho FlashC. Khi hot ng bnh thng, xung ca ng ra ALE lun lun c tn s bng 1/6 tn s ca mch dao ng trn chip, c th c s dng cho cc mc ch nh thi t bn ngoi vto xung Clock. Tuy nhin cn lu l mt xung ALE s b b qua trong mi chu k truyxut ca b nh d liu ngoi. Khi cn, hot ng cho php cht byte thp ca a ch s c v hiu ho bng cch set bit 0 ca thanh ghi chc nng c bit c a ch byte l 8E(h). Khi bit ny c set, ALE ch tch cc trong thi gian thc thi lnh MOVX hoc MOVC. Ngc li chn ny s cko ln mc cao. Vic set bit khng cho php hot ng cht byte thp ca a ch skhng c tc dng nu b vi iu khin ang ch thc thi chng trnh ngoi.

- XTAL1: Ng vo n mch khuch i o ca mch dao ng v ng vo nmch to xung Clock bn trong chip.

- XTAL2: Ng ra t mch khuch i o ca mch dao ng. to mch daong cho vi iu khin 89C52 hot ng, chng em chn mch to dao ng nh hnh v di y, vi cc gi tr ca linh kin l: C1 = C2 =30pF. Thch anh dao ng c tn s 12MHz.Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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Ch : C1, C2 = 30 pF 10 pF for Crystals = 40 pF pF for Ceramic ResonatorsHnh 2.6. Kt ni ca mch dao dng

Mch gii m hng Dng IC 74LS138 (3 u vo, 8 u ra) gii m cho cc ct ca cc ma trn LED. Do mi thi im ch c mt IC gii m c lm vic nn ta phi thit k mch phn knh chn IC lm vic.V d dng chn P2.3 & P2.4 ca vi iu khin 89C52 lm u vo cho mch phn knh.

Hnh 2.7.

S chn IC 74LS138




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Hnh 2.8. S chn IC 74L

Ta c bng 1: bng trng thi cho mch phn knh nh sau:

H = HIGH Level L = LOW Level Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip

Trng H Cng Nghip H ni X = Dont Care G2 = G2A + G2B Hnh 2.9. Bng trng thi phn knh

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Theo nguyn tc qut ma trn led th ti mi thi im ta ch cp ngun cho mt hng ca ma trn do c th dng 74LS138 cp ngun cho cc hng ca ma trn . Cc u vo ( A,B,C) ca 74LS138 s c ni vi cc chn ca IC m tng dng, cc u ra ca 74LS138 c ni vi cc ct ca ma trn led thng qua mt cng ph nh ( hoc cc b m dng cp ngun cho hng ), cn cc chn G 1 c ni vi dng ngun,G2A c ni t, G2B ni vi chn cho php u ra ca IC m tng dng .Thng qua vic gi tn hiu t vi iu khin ti cc chn u vo ca 74LS138 ta c th chn c hng cn cp ngun . Khi m rng ma trn ta tng thm s lng IC cp ngun cho tt c cc hng, cc IC ny c th cng ni chung hoc ring chn iu khin. Hoc ch s dng mt IC nhng cp ngun ng thi cho tt c cc ma trn, khi mt chn ca IC s c ni vi cc hng ca cc ma trn khc nhau

Mch gii m ct iu khin cp ngun cho ct dng 74HC59 Chc nng ca 74HC59 74HC595 l b ghi dch 8 bt gm c : 1 u vo cho php (OE ) 1 u vo chn thanh ghi dch ( MR ) 1 u vo d liu ni tip (DS) 1 u vo cp xung cho thanh ghi dch (SH_CP) 1 u vo cp xung cho thanh ghi cha (ST_CP) 8 u ra 3 trng thi ( Q1 n Q7 v Q7)




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Hnh2.10. S chn 74HC595

Bng2 : Chc nng hot ng ca 74HC595 u vo SH_CP ST_CP OE DS u ra Q7 Qn Chc nng MR mc thp d liu ch dch X X X X

MR

L L H

L L L

X X X

L L L

k L Z

trong thanh ghi dch u ra khng i trng thi Xa thanh ghi dich np d liu vo thanh ghi cha Xa thanh ghi dch u ra trng thi tr khng cao Dch chuyn trng thi cao vo thanh ghi dch, gi tr trc ca bt th 6 trong thanh ghi

X

X

L

H

H

Q6

k

dch c chuyn sang u ra Q7 Ni dng ca thanh ghi dch

X

L

H

X

k

Qn

c chuyn sang thanh ghiBo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip



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cha v chuyn sang u ra Dch chuyn ni dung ca thanh ghi dch ng thi ni dung ca thanh ghi dch c

L

H

X

Q6

Qn

c chuyn vo thanh ghi cha v cc u ra song song

S dng 74HC595 cp ngun cho cc ct ca ma trn Khi dng 74HC595 cp ngun cho ma trn led ta ni cc u ra song song ca 74HC595 vi cc chn cp ngun cho cc ct ca ma trn. ng thi phi s dng 3 chn ca vi iu khin ni vi cc chn DS,SH_CP,ST_CP ca 74HC595. Cc bit d liu m ha mc logic cn cp cho cc ct ca 1 hng ma trn s c truyn lin tip DS ca 74HC595. ng b bit th vi iu khin mi khi xut 1 bit ti chn DS s pht mt xung c sn dng vo chn SH_CP. Sau khi truy n xong ht d liu, cc led trn ct sng th ta phi chuyn d liu trong thanh ghi dch vo cc u ra ca 74HC595 bng cch cp 1 xung sn dng vo chn ST_TP. Ch IC c th hot ng v y d liu ra cc chn u ra th chn OE phi ni t, chnMR

ni dng ngun.




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Hnh 2.11. Ghp ni 74HC595 vi vi iu khin cp ngun cho hng ca ma trnKhi m rng ma trn led ta ghp nhiu 74HC595 ni tip nhau: cc chn SH_CP c ni chung vi 1 ngun cp xung, cc chn ST_CP cng c ni chung vi nhau, u ra Q7 ca IC pha trc c ni vi u vo DS ca IC tip theo. Khi d liu s c dch ng b t IC ny sang IC khc v u ra ca cc IC cng c cht ng b.

Hnh 2.12. Ghp ni tip cc IC 74HC595




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CHNG 3. THIT K PHN CNG

3.1. Phn tch h thng3.1.1. Nguyn l hot ng ca bng in t Nguyn l hot ng ca bng in t da theo nguyn l hot ng ca cc mn hnh, l s dng phng php qut hnh theo tng dng.Mi dng gm nhiu im nh, mi im nh c th c mt hoc vi n, mu sc khc nhau. Mi n c biu din thng qua mt bit d liu, bit 1 tng ng vi n sng, bit 0 tng ng vi n tt. Ti mt thi im, khng phi tt c cc dng trn mn hnh u sng nh ng do tc qut nhanh v s lu nh trn vng mc to cho ngi nhn thy hnh nh lin tc. Trong qu trnh qut, mch iu khin s a d liu ra Module hin th, chnh d liu ny s quyt nh im nh no sng, im nh no tt, mu sc ca im nh l g. Cc im nh ny s to ra hnh nh trn bng in t.

Hnh 3.1. Nguyn tc to nh trn ma trn LED Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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3.1.2. Phn tch h thng Trong n ny, bng in t c kch thc 16x64 cm, ta chia lm 16x64 im nh, mi im nh l mt n LED, ta chia lm 2 Module, mi Module c kch thc 16x32 im nh. hin th mt hnh nh ta phi qut ht 16 dng. Nu thi gian qut mt dng l 1ms, th qut xong mt hnh nh ta phi mt 16ms. Nu thi gian tr cho mt hnh nh l 34ms th thi gian hin th ca hnh nh l 50ms. Nh vy, ta c th hin th c 1000/50 = 20 hnh/s.

Cht lng hnh nh ph thuc vo tc dng qut, t l thi gian sng v thi gian ti ca tng dng. Thi gian qut dng ph thuc vo thi gian y d liu ra v thi gian tr sng cho dng . tr sng ca dng c nh hng n mc sng ti cng nh mu sc ca hnh nh, v vy, to ra nhiu mc sng ti v tng s mu hin th th phi c kh nng thay i tr sng ca dng. 3.2. Thit k tng quan h thng 3.2.1. Thit k tng quan phn cng Phn cng bng in t gm c: Module iu khin, Module qut dng, Module quet ct v cc Module hin th. Module iu khin ly d liu a ra bng in t, ng thi a cc tn hiu iu khin ti Module qut dng iu khin vic qut dng. Module qut dng da vo cc tn hiu t Module iu khin a tn hiu chn dng ra Module hin th, quyt nh dng no sng, dng no ti. Cc Module hin th nhn d liu v tn hiu iu khin t Module iu khin v Module qut dng, thng qua cc IC chuyn dng iu khin cc n sng ti, to ra hnh nh trn bng in t. S khi tng quan phn cng nh sau:Cc tn hiu qut hng Kh i gii m hngCc tn hiu ghi dch ct Khi ghi dch ra ct

Cc tn hiu iu khi n Module iu khin

Module Hin th ( B ng Led Ma trn)



Trng H Cng Nghip H ni Hnh 3.2. S khi tng quan phn cng

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V h thng c thit k theo m hnh ca h thng t ng, nn chng trnh iu khin phi p ng tt c nhng cng vic t ra ca h thng, khi khi ng h thng chng trnh iu khin thc hin qut xu vn bn cn hin th, np d liu nhn c vo b m ca bng in t, sau th hin thng tin ln b ng in t, cng vic c lp i lp li nhiu ln.

3.2.2. Thit k phn cng Nh m t , phn cng ca bng in t gm c Module iu khin, Module qut dng, v cc Module hin th. Module iu khin ly d liu a ra bng in t, ng thi a cc tn hiu iu khin ti Module qut dng iu khin vic qut dng. Module qut dng da vo cc tn hiu t Module iu khin a tn hiu chn dng ra Module hin th, quyt nh dng no sng, dng no ti. Cc Module hin th nhn d liu v tn hiu iu khin t Module iu khin v Module qut dng, thng qua cc IC chuyn dng iu khin cc n sng ti, to ra hnh nh trn bng in t. Sau y l thit k chi tit tng module. a. Module hin th Module ny c nhim v nhn d liu v cc tn hiu iu khin a ti t Module iu khin xc nh im nh no s sng hay tt, sng mu g trn mi dng c qut. H thng s dng bng hin th Led ma trn anode chung c kch thc 16x32 LED. Cc ma trn ny c ni vi nhau thnh 16 dng v 32 ct. Module hin th s dng cc ma trn LED.Trong mt Module 16x32 ta chia lm 4 phn nh, mi phn c kch thc 4x32 LED. Sau y chng em trnh by s nguyn l ca mt bng hin th c kch thc 16x32 Led. S nguyn l ca mt Module ma trn LED nh sau: Error: Reference source not found Ti mi im l mt n LED. Mi n c hai cc dng v m. Cc dng s dng iu khin qut dng. Do tt c cc n trn cng mt dng c chung cc dng (Li). Cc n trn cng mt ct c chung cc m . D liu v cc tn hiu iu khin c a ra Module hin th theo ki u y ni tip. Cc IC iu khin led trn Module hin th s da vo cc tn hiu iuNguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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khin quyt nh y d liu n cc Module hin th tip theo hoc cht d liu hin th ra bng in t. Trn c s , mi module hin th cn phi c cc tn hiu chnh sau : SHIFT(CLOCK) :Xung ng h dch 1 bit d liu vo t (v ra khi) thanh ghi dch. DATA :Xut tn hiu iu khin ra khuch i cng sut 74HC245. OE : Chn cho php u ra A, B : Chn xut tn hiu ra hng LATCH : Cht d liu ra thanh ghi dch cp nht cc im nh trn ct. Sau y l s nguyn l ca Moule hin th led:

Hnh 3.5. S nguyn l ca mt Moule hin th led

H thng s dng cc IC iu khin led 74HC595. S chn ca IC ny nh sau:




Khoa in T

Hnh 3.6. S chn ca IC 74HC595

Mi module hin th kch thc 16x32 c iu khin bi 16 IC 74HC595. Mi IC ny c cc tn hiu vo ra nh sau : SRCLK(SHIFTM): Xung ng h vo Module. SDI : Tn hiu d liu vo thanh ghi dch. SDO : D liu ra t thanh ghi dch. RCLK(LATCHM): Tn hiu cho php cht d liu t thanh ghi dch. QA,..,QH : Cc chn ra t b thanh ghi dch 8 bit sau khi c cht Ngoi ra cn mt s thnh phn khc : S dng 1 IC 74HC245 lm IC m d liu v khuch i tn hiu (tng dng). S chn ca IC ny nh sau:

Hnh 3.7. S chn ca IC 74HC245

Hot ng ca Module ny nh sau: Cc bt d liu cho cc Led trn Module c a n chn SDI ca IC 74HC595 trn Module iu khin Led tng ng , u ra SDO ca IC trc c ni vi u vo SDI ca IC tip theo.Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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Khi xung SHIFTM c kch hot, ti mi IC, bit d liu u vo SDI c lu vo thanh ghi dch ti bit b0, ng thi bit b6 dch sang bit b7 v gi tr ca bt b7 c a ra SDO. Qu trnh dch lin tc n khi ht mt hng ngang cc Module, tng ng vi cc im nh cn hin th. Sau khi i mt khong thi gian (ph thuc vo tc qut), d liu cho ct mi c cp nht bng cch kch hot tn hiu LATCH cht tn hiu t cc thanh ghi dch ng thi ngun in cung cp cho ct trc b tt chuyn cho ct k tip. AM, BM l chn xut tn hiu ra hng. OEM l chn cho php xut tn hiu u ra a ti Module hin th th nht. LATCHM l chn cht d liu ca Module hin th th nht. SHIFTM l chn ghi dch tn hiu ra Module hin th th nht. DATAM l chn xut tn hiu ra Module hin th th nht. LATCHN l chn cht d liu ca Module hin th tip theo. SHIFTN l chn ghi dch tn hiu ra Module hin th tip theo. u im : Do s dng IC chuyn dng nn tc y d liu nhanh, nn c th tn dng thi gian cn li vo vic khc Do s dng b cht bn trong nn m bo thi gian tt rt nh, khng nh hng ti sng ca cc im nh b. Khi gii m hng Nhim v ca module ny l gii m tn hiu chn dng t module iu khin a xung, ti mi thi im ch cho mt dng c sng. Bng in t c kch thc 16 dng v 64 ct, c qut bi mt Module qut dng, u vo l cc tn hiu iu khin c a xung t Module iu khin, u ra s chn mt trong s 16 dng hin th. Mi Module hin th ti mt thi im ch cho mt dng c sng. Module qut dng phi chn mt trong s 16 dng hin th nn cn tn hiu chn dng t Module iu khin a xung l cc tn hiu AM, BM. Cc tn hiu chn dng s c gii m bng IC gii m 74LS138. Trn mi dng ca bng in t c 64 im , do vy mt dng s c 64 n. V vy, cc tn hiu chn dng ny phi i qua b khuch i cng sut c th cung cp dng cho 64 n sng ng thi trong trng hp cc i. Sau y l s khi v s nguyn l ca mt Module qut dng:Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


Khoa in T

S khi ca mt Module qut dng:

AM BM VCC GND OEMB phn gii m

. . .

B phn khuych i cng sut

Row 0 Row 1

. . .

Row 15

Hnh 3.9. S khi ca Module qut hng

B phn gii m gm IC 74LS138, ngoi 2 tn hiu chn dng AM, BM, cn c mt tn hiu OEM l tn hiu cho php u ra ca b iu khin a t Module dng bt tt dng c chn. Thc cht l tn hiu cho php IC gii m hot ng, n cng c ni chung n tt c cc chn cho php ca IC 74LS138. Khi tn hiu ny mc cao, IC gii m khng hot ng, dng tt. Khi tn hiu ny mc thp, IC gii m hot ng, ty thuc vo tn hiu AM,BM cho php chn mt trong s 16 dng. iu ny gip ta hon ton c th iu khin c thi im sng ca cc dng c chn. B phn khuch i cng sut khi c tn hiu chn dng s cung cp mt dng in c kh nng cho 64 n sng ng thi. Trn mi Module s gm 8 n cng sut, trong mi n iu khin hai dng ca Module hin th. S dng 4 con khuch i cng sut APM4953: L cc ng cung cp ngun cho 16 dng.S cu to ca APM4953 nh sau:

Hnh 3.11. S cu to ca APM4953




Khoa in T

Tn hiu u ra H1, H2, H3, H4 l cc tn hiu chn hng, mi mt tn hiu ny c a ti 2 con khuch i APM 4953, u ra ca APM 4953 tng ng vi cc tn hiu H1, H2, H3, H4 l HLED1, HLED2, HLED3, HLED4, HLED5, HLED6, HLED7, HLED8. y ta s dng chun qut Led ma trn 1:4 tc l vi mt tn hiu chn hng H1 u ra ca IC 74LS138 c a ti u vo ca 2 con khuch i cng sut APM 4953 ta s c 2 tn hiu u ra ca APM 4953 l HLED1 v HLED5 c a ti Anode ca hng 1 v hng 5 ca Module hin th Led lm cho hng 1 v hng 5 sng ng thi. Tng t vi cc tn hiu H2, H3, H4 ta c u ra tng ng l HLED2 v HLED6, HLED3 v HLED7, HLED4 v HLED8 c. Module iu khin y l Module iu khin chnh ca bng in t vi b x l trung tm l vi iu khin AT89C52. Module iu khin l Module quan trng nht, n iu khin ton b hot ng ca h thng. C th ni y l b no ca ton b h thng, n thc hin cc chc nng sau. - Nhn d liu t b nh chng trnh ghi vo b nh RAM - Ly d liu t b nh RAM v hin th qua bng in t thng qua cc thao tc y d liu v qut hng. Da trn nhng nguyn l v yu cu cng vic nh vy, Module iu khin c thit k nh sau. Trung tm ca Module iu khin cng l thnh phn chnh ca Module iu khin l vi iu khin AT89S52, vi iu khin ny s iu khin mi hot ng ca Module iu khin, vi iu khin c ch to trn cng ngh SRAM c kh nng lu tr chng trnh ln, v c kh nng cu hnh(np li chng trnh) nhiu ln. Vi iu khin c th c lp trnh bng ngn ng ASSEMBLY hoc C thc hin cc chc nng cn thit. u im ca vic s dng vi iu khin la: Nhanh chng xy dng c cc thit b iu khin cn thit vi cc chc nng phc tp da vao cc cng c thit k mch v ngn ng lp trnh. C th thc hin vi tc cao do thc hin bng phn cng. Do vy, vi yu cu ca vic iu khin bng in t chn vi iu khin lm vi mch iu khin l hp l v cn thit. Vi iu khin thc hin c d liu t RAM y d liu ra Module qut dng thng qua cc chn ca Port1 l AD0, AD1, AD2, AD3, AD4, AD5. trong AD0 AD3 l cc tn hiu chn dng,. Mt khc vi iu khin y d liu ra Module hin th qua cc chn ca Port1 l AD3, AD4, AD5. Trong AD3 l chn tn hiu SHIFT(CLK) dng a d liu vo thanh ghi dch ca cc IC 74HC595, AD4 lNguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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chn tn hiu LATCH dng cht d liu vo thanh ghi dch ca cc IC , chn cn li l AD5 l chn tn hiu iu khin cho cc hng ca Module hin th.

Ngoi ra Module diu khin cn c khi cung cp ngun nui vi iu khin v khi to xung nhp.




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J1 l gic cm truyn tn hiu t Module iu khin ti bng hin th th nht cn J2 l gic cm truyn tn hiu t bng hin th th nht sang bng hin th th hai.Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


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CHNG 4. THIT K PHN MM4.1. Lu thut ton Chng trnh chnh

Khi to h thng Hin Th Sai

Tr = x ms ng Dch con tr d liu

Sai S ln dch = s hng ngHnh 4.1. Lu chng trnh chnh th hin cc bc hin th

Con tr d liu v u Chng trnh con hin th

Chn ct

Cp ngun v d liu Sai

Hng= S Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7

hng Tr Tt Led Thot



Khoa in T

ngHnh 4.2. Lu chng trnh con thc hin ni dung hin th




Khoa in T

B t u

L y mu d liu

i=1

Xu t d liu c a c ct i ra 74HC595

Cht d liu ct i

i=i+1

T i>8

F

Hnh 4.3. Lu chng trnh cp ngun cho ma trn Led

4.2. Phn mm y em thc hin lp trnh bng ngn ng C. Sau y l ni dung phn mm: #include #include #include Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


Khoa in T

unsigned int i,j,k,m,n,p; unsigned char x,y; ///mang hang/cot code unsigned char text[32][8]={

//trang1//D4LTCNTD

0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0x0f,0xf6,0x07,0x7e,0x1d,0xfd,0xf7,0xc3, 0x77,0xf6,0xff,0x7d,0xed,0xfd,0xf7,0xdd, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xf5,0xfd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7a,0x02,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xf9,0xf7,0xde, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xf5,0xf7,0xde, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xed,0xf7,0xde, 0x7b,0x76,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xdd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7b,0x76,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xbd,0xf7,0xde, 0x7b,0xb6,0xff,0x7b,0xf5,0x7d,0xf7,0xde, 0x77,0xb6,0xff,0x7d,0xec,0xfd,0xf7,0xdd, 0x0f,0xd6,0xf8,0x0e,0x1d,0xfd,0x80,0xc3,




Khoa in T

0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, //trang 2//epu 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x80,0xcf,0xfc,0x3f,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x80,0xcf,0xf8,0x1f,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf1,0x8f,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x81,0xc1,0xf3,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x81,0xc0,0x73,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xce,0x33,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0x33,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0x33,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x9f,0xce,0x33,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0x80,0xc0,0x73,0xcf,0xff,0xff,




Khoa in T

0xff,0xff,0x80,0xc1,0xf3,0xcf,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, }; code unsigned char chuchay[16][13]={ 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0x0f,0xf6,0x07,0x7e,0x1d,0xfd,0xf7,0xc3,0xff,0x80,0xcf,0xfc,0x3f, 0x77,0xf6,0xff,0x7d,0xed,0xfd,0xf7,0xdd,0xff,0x80,0xcf,0xf8,0x1f, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xf5,0xfd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf1,0x8f, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf, 0x7b,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf, 0x7a,0x02,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xfd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0xf3,0xcf, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xf9,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x81,0xc1,0xf3,0xcf, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xf5,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x81,0xc0,0x73,0xcf, 0x7a,0xf6,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xed,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xce,0x33,0xcf, 0x7b,0x76,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xdd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0x33,0xcf, 0x7b,0x76,0xff,0x7b,0xfd,0xbd,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xcf,0x33,0xcf,




Khoa in T

0x7b,0xb6,0xff,0x7b,0xf5,0x7d,0xf7,0xde,0xff,0x9f,0xce,0x33,0xcf, 0x77,0xb6,0xff,0x7d,0xec,0xfd,0xf7,0xdd,0xff,0x80,0xc0,0x73,0xcf, 0x0f,0xd6,0xf8,0x0e,0x1d,0xfd,0x80,0xc3,0xff,0x80,0xc1,0xf3,0xcf, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff

}; /* 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xcf,0xff,0xff,0x7f, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xe1,0x39,0x7f,0x78,0x82,0x3c,0x3f,0x38, 0xc1,0x39,0x7f,0x70,0x82,0x3c,0x3f,0x98, 0x99,0x39,0x7f,0x66,0xf2,0x3c,0x3f,0xcf, 0x39,0x39,0x7f,0x4e,0xf2,0x3c,0x3f,0xcf, 0x39,0x39,0x7f,0x4e,0xf2,0x3c,0x3f,0xcf, 0x30,0x01,0x3f,0x4c,0xc2,0x1c,0x3f,0xcf, 0x30,0x01,0x3f,0x4c,0xc2,0x0c,0x3f,0xcf, 0x39,0x39,0x7f,0x4e,0xf2,0x24,0x3f,0xcf,Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


Khoa in T

0x99,0x39,0x7f,0x66,0xf2,0x30,0x3f,0xcf, 0xc1,0x39,0x7f,0x70,0x82,0x38,0x3f,0xcf, 0xe1,0x39,0x7f,0x78,0x82,0x3c,0x3f,0xcf, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xd7,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xef,0xff,0xff,0xff,

0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0x7e,0xfc,0xf3,0x24,0x4f,0xce,0x7f,0x9c, 0x3c,0xf8,0x73,0x26,0x4f,0xce,0x3f,0x98, 0x19,0xf3,0x33,0x27,0x4f,0xce,0x1f,0x93, 0x99,0xff,0x93,0x27,0x4f,0xce,0x9f,0x9f, 0x99,0xff,0xc3,0x27,0x4f,0xce,0x9f,0x9f, 0x99,0xff,0xe3,0x27,0x47,0xc0,0x9f,0x1f, 0x99,0xff,0xc3,0x27,0x43,0xc0,0x9f,0x1f,




Khoa in T

0x99,0xff,0x93,0x27,0x49,0xce,0x9f,0x9f, 0x19,0xf3,0x33,0x27,0x4c,0xce,0x1f,0x93, 0x39,0xf8,0x73,0x26,0x4e,0xce,0x3f,0x98, 0x71,0xfc,0xf3,0x26,0x4f,0xce,0x7f,0x9c, 0xef,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xef,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xdf,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,

0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0x1f,0xf7,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0x93,0x73,0xf8,0x0f,0x3a,0x7e,0xfe,0xe7, 0x93,0x33,0xf0,0xc7,0x9c,0x7c,0xfe,0xe7, 0x93,0x13,0xe3,0x67,0xc8,0x79,0xfe,0x67, 0x93,0x93,0xe7,0xe7,0xc9,0x79,0xfe,0x27, 0x13,0x90,0xe7,0xe7,0xc9,0x79,0xfe,0x87, 0x10,0x90,0xe7,0xe7,0xc9,0x79,0xfe,0xc7,




Khoa in T

0x90,0x93,0xe7,0xe7,0xc9,0x79,0xfe,0x87, 0x93,0x93,0xe7,0xe7,0xc9,0xb9,0xfd,0x27, 0xb3,0x1b,0xe7,0xc7,0xc8,0xd9,0xfb,0x67, 0x73,0x3d,0xf0,0x0f,0xcc,0xc9,0xf3,0xe7, 0xf3,0x7e,0xf8,0x1f,0xce,0xc9,0xf3,0xe7, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xff, 0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfd,0xff,

0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xc9,0xc9,0x39,0xce,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xcc,0xc9,0x19,0xcc,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xce,0xc9,0x89,0xc9,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xcf,0xc9,0xc9,0xcf,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xcf,0x09,0xc8,0xcf,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff,




Khoa in T

0x0f,0x08,0xc8,0x0f,0xf8,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0x0f,0xc8,0xc9,0x0f,0xf8,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xcf,0xc9,0xc9,0xcf,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xce,0xd9,0x8d,0xc9,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xcc,0xb9,0x1e,0xcc,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, o 0xcd,0x79,0x3f,0xce,0xf9,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, 0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, */ bdata unsigned char bbyte; sbit LSB = bbyte^0; sbit MSB = bbyte^7; // 32x16 red sbit oe=P0^0; sbit a=P0^1; sbit b=P0^2; sbit clk=P0^4; sbit sclk=P0^3; sbit r=P0^5; void delay (unsigned int ms)Nguyn Vn Gii - Lp TC-C T1 K7 Bo Co Thc Tp Tt Nghip


Khoa in T

{ unsigned int t; for(t=1;t

bao cao thuc tap led ma tran 9698

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