Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang

AI CNG HOA HOC HU C.Phn 1:KIN THC C BAN CN NH. I. Hp cht hu c va hoa hoc hu c. 1. Khai nim hp cht hu c va hoa hoc hu c: Hp cht hu c la hp cht cua cacbon ( tr CO2, CO, mui cacbonat, xianua, cacbua...). Hoa hoc hu c la nhanh Hoa hoc chUyn nghin cu cac hp cht hu c. 2. Phn loai hp cht hu c. Hp cht hu c c chia thanh hidrcacbon va dn xut hidrcacbon. a. Hidrcacbon la loai hp cht hu c H n gian nht, trong thanh phn phn t chi cha hai nguyn t la cacbon va hidro. H C H * Hidrocacbon mach h: H - Hidrocacbon no : Ankan CH4 - Hidrocacbon khng no co mt ni i :Anken C2H4 - Hidrcacbon khng no co hai ni i : Ankadien * Hidrocacbon mach vong : - Hidrocacbon no : xicloankan - Hidrocacbon mach vong : Aren b. Dn xut cua hidrocacbon la nhng hp cht ma trong phn t ngoai C, H ra con co mt s hay nhiu nguyn t khac nh O, N, S, halogen... * Dn xut halogen : R X ( R la gc hidrocacbon) * Hp cht cha nhom chc: - OH - : ancol; - O - : ete; - COOH: axit...... II. Phn tich nguyn t: xac inh cng thc phn t hp cht hu c ngi ta phai xac nh : -Thanh phn inh tinh nguyn t. -Thanh phn inh lng nguyn t. -Xac inh khi lng phn t. 1. Phn tich inh tinh nguyn t. - Phn tich inh tinh nguyn t xac inh thanh phn cac nguyn t hoa hoc cha trong mt cht. - Mun xac inh thanh phn cac nguyn t , ngi ta chuyn cac nguyn t trong hp cht hu c thanh cac hp cht v c n gian ri nhn ra cac san phm o. a. Xac inh cacbon va hidro. - Nhn Cacbon: t chay hp cht hu c: C + O CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 2 - Nhn Hidro: t chay hp cht hu c: 2H +OH 2 O +CuSO 4 khan CuSO 4 .5H 2 O ( mau xanh lam) 2 Hoc co th dung cht hut nc manh nh : H2SO4 , CaCl2 khan, P2O5. b. Xac inh nit va oxi. - Nhn N: t chay hp cht hu c, nu co mui khet thi hp cht o co nit. Hoc un hp cht hu c vi H2SO4 c ( NaOH c) co mui khai NH3 thi hp cht o co cha nit. to CxHyOzNt +HSO , (NH4)2SO4+...... 2 4 (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH to Na2SO4 + H2O + NH3 -Nhn O : Kho phn tich inh tinh trc tip, thng xac inh nh inh lng: mO = m hp cht tng khi lng cac nguyn t c.Xac inh halogen.CH2 CH CH 2 CH CH2 2 CH

T Ha Hc

1

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang Khi t chay hp cht hu c cha clo bi phn huy, clo tach ra dung HCl, ta dung dung dich AgNO3 HCl + AgNO3 AgCl + HNO3 2. Phn tich inh lng cac nguyn t: - Phn tich inh lng cac nguyn t xac inh khi lng cua mi nguyn t hoa hoc cha trong hp cht hu c. - Mun inh lng nguyn t, ngi ta chuyn cac nguyn t trong hp cht hu c thanh cac hp cht v c n gian, inh lng chung, t o suy ra khi lng tng nguyn t co trong mt cht. a. inh lng cacbon va hidro. VD: t chay cht hu c A thu c CO2 va H2O va N2 mC (A) = mC(CO2) = 12.nCO2 mH(A) = mH(H2O) = 2.n H2O b. inh lng nit: mN(A) = 28n N2 c. inh lng oxi: mO = m (A) ( mC + mH + mN ). * Chu y : - Dung H2SO4 c, P2O5, CaCl2 khan hp thu H2O. - Dung NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH) 2 hp thu CO2, tng khi lng cua binh hay khi lng kt tua CaCO3 giup ta tinh c CO2 - Chi dung CaO, Ca(OH) 2, NaOH hp thu san phm gm CO 2 va H2O thi khi lng binh tng chinh la tng khi lng CO2 va H2O. Vd1: Cho khi CO2 vao dung dich Ca(OH)2 (d) CO2 + Ca(OH)2 (d) CaCO3 + H2O Vd2: Thi khi CO2 vao dung dich Ca(OH)2 c kt tua, em dung dich nung c kt tua na. Phan ng xay ra : 2CO2 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2 (1 ) CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O (2) Mui Ca(HCO3)2 tan trong nc phn huy khi un nong. Ca(HCO3)2 to CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O 3. Thanh phn nguyn t: %C =mC mH .100 ; %H = .100 mA mA

; %N =

mN .100 ..... mA

III. Cng thc cht hu c. 1. Cng thc phn t : - Cho bit s nguyn t cac nguyn t trong phn t cht hu c. VD1: Cht hu c (X) gm C, H, O, N Vy: Cht hu c (X) co cng thc phn t : CxHyOzNt VD2: t chay cht hu c (A) thu c CO2 va H2O. Giai thich: Do A chay cho CO2 va H2O (A) cha C, H (co th co oxi). Vy cng thc phn t cua A CxHyOz 2. Cng thc nguyn hay cng thc thc nghim: - Cho bit ti l s lng nguyn t cua cac nguyn t trong hp cht hu c. VD: Cng thc phn t CxHyOz x : y : z = a : b : c Cng thc nguyn (CaHbOc)n Vi : n co th la 1, 2, 3.... 3. Cng thc n gian nht: - Cho bit ti l ti gian nht co th noi trung vi n = 1 IV. Khi lng phn t: bai cho Cach tinh M m 1. Khi lng (m) s mol cua mt cht; M=nT Ha Hc 2

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giangm T R 22, 4 m 2. Khi lng (m) cua mt th tich (V) nhit pV = nRT M = pV hoc M = va ap sut xac inh V 3. VA = k VB (o cung iu kin nhit , ap VA =k VB nA = knB ( nu th tich = nhau sut) thi s mol bng nhau)

4. Ti khi hi cua khi A so vi khi B ( dA/B) 5. ha nhit ng c hay tng nhit si khi hoa tan 1 mol cht A trong 1000 gam dung mi.

mA mB =k MA MB M A dA/B = MA = dA/B.MB M B

Suy ra :

Ap dung inh lut Raun

t = k

m ; t = ts (dd) ts (dm); k la ha M

nhit si khi hoa tan 1 mol cht A trong 1000 gam dung mi. IV. Lp cng thc phn t: 1. Lp trc tip: a. Theo cng thc : VD: Cht hu c (A) chay thu c CO2, H2O, N2 *Cach lp: - D oan cng thc da vao san phm CO2, H2O, N2 - Tinh cac gia tri: Khi lng cht hu c (A) la m(A), khi lng phn t M. Khi lng cacbon : mC Khi lng hidro : mH ; tng t tinh khi lng nit, oxi . t cng thc phn t CxHyOzNt12x y 16z 14t MA = = = = suy ra tng gia tri : x, y, z, t. mC mH mO mN mA 12x y 16 14t MA = = = = Chu y: Khi cho % cac nguyn t ap dung : suy ra : x, y, z, t %C %H %O %N 100

- Ap dung cng thc :

b. Theo phan ng : VD: Cht hu c (X) chay thu c CO2 va H2O * Cach lp: - Tinh mol cac ai lng : mol cht A, mol CO2; H2O; O2. - t vao phng trinh lp ti l. - Vit phan ng chay: CxHyOz + (x +y z ) O2 4 2

xCO2

+

y H2O 2

molA molO2 molCO2 molH2O Hoc: t th tich o cung iu kin 1 x molCO 2 = x= Ta co ti l : ; tng t tinh y, z... molA molCO 2 molA Chu y: Nu bai cho th tich cac khi o cung iu kin ta cung tinh tng t nh mol. Nu bai khng cho mol O2 ma cho M thi ta tinh z ( s nguyn t oxi) da theoM. 2. Gian tip : *Lp cng thc nguyn ( CaHbOcNd)n ; sau o tim n suy ra cng thc phn t. * Cach lp cng thc nguyn. a. Theo cng thc: VD: Cht hu c (A) chay thu c CO2, H2O, N2 *Cach lp cng thc : - D oan cng thc da vao san phm CO2, H2O, N2 - Tinh cac gia tri: Khi lng cht hu c (A) la m(A) Khi lng cacbon : mCT Ha Hc 3

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang Khi lng hidro : mH ; tng t tinh khi lng nit, oxi . t cng thc phn t CxHyOzNt - Ap dung cng thc. x : y : z : t = Nu x : y : z : t = a: b : c : d cng thc nguyn (CaHbOcNd)n Ta co cng thc n gian : CaHbOcNd. Chu y: Khi cho % cac nguyn t ap dung :x : y : z : t =%C %H %O %N : : : 12 1 16 14

mC mH mO mN : : : 12 1 16 14

b. Theo phng trinh phan ng : da vao phan ng lp ti l. c. Lp cng thc phn t t cng thc nguyn: * T cng thc nguyn (CaHbOcNd)n * Tim n da vao : - cho hng s M = Q ta co : (12a + 1b + 16c + 14d )n = M suy ra n = Nu n = . Vy cng thc phn t la: Ca Hb Oc Nd - cho M < hng s (VD : M < L) Ta tinh n nH2O nAnkin=nCO2-nH2O Oxi ha khng hon ton: 3CH CH + 8KMnO4 3(COOK)2 +2KOH + 8MnO2 + 2H2O IV. iu ch: 2CH4 1500 CH CH + 3H2 C H 2O C CaO + 3C O CaC2 Ca(OH)2 + C2H2 BI TP 1: Ankin l hidrocacbon: A. C dng CnH2n-2, mch h. B. C dng CnH2n-1, mch h. C. Mch h, c 1 lin kt ba trong phn t D. c A,C ng 2: Dy ng ng axetilen c cng thc chung l: A. CnH2n(n=>2) B. CnH2n+2(n=>2) C. CnH2n-1(n=>2) D. CnH2n-2(n=>2) 3: Cc ankin c ng phn v tr khi s cacbon trong phn t ln hn hoc bng: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 4: C5H8 c ng phn cu to l: A. 5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 C-CH3-CH3 ; c tn gi l: 5: Theo IUPAC CH3-C A.etylmetylaxetilen B. pent-3-in C.pent-2-in D.pent-1-in C-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3 ; c tn gi l: 6: Theo IUPAC CH A.isobutylaxetilen B.2-metylpent-2-in C.4-metylpent-1-in D.4-metylpent-1,2-in 7:Theo IUPAC CH3-C C-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH3 ; c tn gi l: A.4-imetylhex-1-in B. 4,5-imetylhex-1-in C. 4,5-imetylhex-2-in D. 2,3-imetylhex-4-in 8: Theo IUPAC CH3-CH(C2H5)-C C-CH(CH3)-CH2- CH2-CH3 ; c tn gi l: A.3,6-imetylnon-4-in B.2-etyl,5-metyloct-3-in C.7-etyl,6-metyloct-5-in D.5-metyl,2-etyloct-3-in C-CH(C2H5)-CH(CH3)-CH3 c tn gi l: 9: Ankin CH A.3-etyl,2-metylpent-4-in B.2-metyl,3-etylpent-4-in C.4-metyl,3-etylpent-1-in D.3-etyl,4-metylpent-1-in 10: Cu to c th c ca ankin C4H6 l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 11: Trong phn t axetilen lin kt ba gia 2 Cacbon gm: A.1 lin kt pi v 2 lin kt xich-ma B.2 lin kt pi v 1 lin kt xich-ma C. 3 lin kt pi D.3 lin kt xich-ma 12: Cc ankin bt u c ng phn mch cacbon khi s C trong phn t l: A. >=2 B. >=3 C. >=4 D. >=5 13: thc hin chuyn ha ankin thnh anken ta thc hin phn ng cng hidro iu kin xc tc: A. Ni, t0 B. Mn,t0 C. Pb/PdCO3 D. Pd/PdCO3 14: thc hin chuyn ha ankin thnh ankan ta thc hin phn ng cng hidro iu kin xc tc: A. Ni, t0 B. Mn,t0 C. Pb/PdCO3 D. Pd/PdCO3 15: phn bit ankan, anken, ankin ta dng thuc th duy nht l:0

T Ha Hc

33

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A. dd Brom B. AgNO3/ NH3 C. dd HCl D. dd Ca(OH)2 16: Ankin no khng tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 A. axetilen B. propin C. but-1-in D. but-2-in 17: phn bit but-1-in v but-2-in ta dng? A. dd KMnO4 B. dd brom C. dd HCl D. dd AgNO3/NH3 18: Hn hp gm 3 kh C2H2, C2H4, C2H6. tinh ch C2H2 ta cho hn hp qua dd: A. Brom B. KMnO4 C. AgNO3/NH3 v Br2 D. C A,B,C 19: Phn ng hp nc ca C2H2 c sn phm chnh l: A.CH3-CH-(OH)2 B. CH2=CH-OH C. CH3-CHO D. CH2OH-CH2OH 20: phn bit metan v axetilen ta dng : A. t chy B. Cho vo nc C. Cho vo NaOH D. dd Brom 21: phn bit etilen v axetilen ta dng : A. th pH B. Cho vo nc C. Cho vo NaOH D. dd AgNO3/NH3 22: Axetilen c th iu ch t cht no sau y? A. Nhit phn CH4 15000C B. Cho Al4C3 hp nc C. un natriaxetat vi vi ti xt D. Kh nc ca ru etilic 23: Cho cc cht (1)but-1-in (2)but-2-in (3)propin (4)but-1,3-iin.Cc cht c phn ng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta vng nht l: A.(1),(3),(4) B. (2),(3),(4) C. (1),(2),(3) D. (1),(2),(4) 24: HC CH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 A + 2B .Vy A,B ln lt l: A. HC CAg ; NH3 B. AgC CAg ; NH3 C. AgC CAg ; NH4NO3 D. HC CAg ; NH4NO3 25: CH3-C CH +AgNO3 + NH3 A .Ct to ca A l: A. AgCH2-C CH B. AgCH2-C CAg C. CH3-C CAg D. CH3-CAg CAg 26: Cho A(C4H6)c phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta vng nht .A l: A.But-2-in B. But-1-in C. But-2-en D. But-1-in CH + AgNO3 + NH3 A + B. A ,B ln lt l: 27: R-C A. R-C CAg B. R-C CAg ; NH4NO3 C. Ag ; NH4NO3 D. R-CAg=CAg ; NH4NO3 28: 1 cht hu c A + [Ag(NH3)2](OH)2 to ra kt ta vy A l: A.anehyt B.axit cacboxylic C.ank-1-in D.anehyt hoc ank-1in 29: 1 Cht hu c B + AgNO3 + NH3 vng nht.Vy B thuc loi hp cht: A. anehyt B.HCOOR C.ankin D.ank-1-in 30: Ankin cng vi brom xy ra hai giai on,mun phn ng dng li giai on 1 ta tin hnh phn ng nhit : A. thp B. cao C. trung bnh D. rt cao 31:Dietylaxetilen tc dng vi nc Brom nhit thp to ra sn phm: A.3,3,4,4-tetrabromhexan B.3,4-ibromhex-3-en C.3,4-ibromhex-2-en D. 3,3,4,4-tetrabromheptan 32: Cho but-2-in tc dng vi nc brom d ta thu c sn phm l: A.2,3-ibrombut-2-in B.2,3-ibrombut-2-in C.1,2,3,4-tetrabrombutan D.2,2,3,3-tetrabrombutan 33:Cho axetilen tc dng vi HCl trong iu kin c xc tc HgCl2 150-200oC,ta thu c sn phm cng l: A.vinylclorua B.etylclorua C.1,2-icloetan D.1,1-icloetan 34: Cho axetilen tc dng vi HCl trong iu kin khng c xc tc,ta thu c sn phm cng l: A.vinylclorua B.etylclorua C.1,2-icloetan D.1,1-icloetan 35: Phn ng cng nc vo propin trong iu kin c xc tc HgSO 4/H2SO4 80oC to ra sn phm:T Ha Hc 34

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.CH3CH2CHO B.CH3COCH3 C.CH3-C(OH)=CH2 D.CH3-CH=CH2-OH 36: Cho axetilen tc dng vi H2O A.Vy cu to ca A : A.CH3CHO B.CH2=CH-OH C.CH3CH2OH D.CH3COOH C-CH3 cng nc (HgSO4/H2SO4 /80 oC) to ra sn phm: 37: CH3-C A. CH3-CH=C(OH)-CH3 B. CH3CH2CH2CHO C.CH3-CO-CH2CH3 D. CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH 38: Trong iu kin thch hp v xc tc v nhit ,axetilen tham gia phn ng nh hp to ra: A.buta-1,3-ien B.buta-1,3-in C.Vinylaxetilen D.xiclobuten o 39: Trong iu kin thch hp (C;600 C),axetilen tham gia phn ng tam hp to thnh phn t: A.stiren B.benzen C.toluen D.hexen 40: Propin tham gia phn ng tam hp to ra sn phm: A.1,2,3-trimetylbenzen B. 2,4,6-trimetylbenzen C. 1,3,5-trimetylbenzen D.etyl,metylbenzen 41: Trong iu kin thch hp pent-2-in tam hp thnh sn phm: A.1,2,3-trietyl-4,5,6-trimetylbenzen B. 1,2,4-trietyl-3,5,6-trimetylbenzen C. 1,3,5-trietyl-2,4,6-trimetylbenzen D. 4,5,6-trimetyl-1,2,3-trietyl-benzen 42: Axetilen + CH3COOH (xt) A.Vy A l: A.etylaxetat B.vinylaxetat C.etilenglicol D.metylacrylat o 43: Etin + C2H5OH (xt ,t ) B.Vy B l: A.etylvinylete B. etylvinyleste C. vinyletylete D. vinyletyleste 44: Axetilen + A vinylaxetat.Vy A l: A.ancoletylic B.anehytaxetic C.axit axetic D.ancolvinylic 45: Axetilen + B etylvinylete.Vy B l: A. anehytaxetic B. axit axetic C. ancolvinylic D. ancoletylic 46: t chy hon ton 1 ankin ta c : A. S mol CO2 < H2O B. S mol CO2 > H2O C.nCO2 = nH2O + 1 D. nCO2 = nH2O - 1 47: t chy a mol ankin b mol CO2 v c mol H2O.Quan h gia a,b,c l: A.b>c v a= b-c B. bc v a= b+c D. b>c v a= c-b 48: Cho s : C2H2 ABCH3COOH A,B ln lt l: A.etilen;etanal B.etanal;etanol C.etilen;etanol D.ABC u ng 49: Cho s : CaC2 ABCH3CHO A,B ln lt l: A.C2H2;CH2=CH2 B. C2H2;CH2=CHCl C. C2H2;CH3-CHCl2 D.ABC u ng 50: Cho axetilen + HCN sn phm A.Vy A c cu to l: A.CH3CH2CN B.HC C-CN C.CH2=CH-CN D.CN- C C-CN 51: Cho s propin A + dd KMnO4 B . A,B ln lt l: A.propen;propan-1,2-iol B.propen; propan-1,3-iol C. propan-1,3-iol; propen D. propan-1,2-iol; propen 52: phn bit propan;propen;propin ta dng 1 thuc th l: A. dd AgNO3/NH3 B. dd Brom C. dd NaOH D. dd HCl 53: tch C2H2;C2H6 ra khi hn hp ca chng ta ln lt thc hin phn ng vi cc cht : A. dd AgNO3/NH3; dd HCl B. dd HCl ;dd AgNO3/NH3 C.dd Br2 ;Zn D. Zn ;dd Br2 54: Ankin A c cng thc (C4H7)n .Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C12H21 B.C5H8 C.C8H10 D.C8H14 55: Axetilen c iu ch bng cch: A.nhit phn kh metan B.cho t n hp nc C. hiroho etilen D. ABC u ng. 56: Phn ng no ca axetilen c dng trong hn ct kim loi?T Ha Hc 35

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.cng nc B.t chy trong oxi khng kh. C.cng H2 D. t chy trong oxi nguyn cht. 57: Hm lng axetilen trong khng kh c th gy chy n l: A.1,5% B.2,5% C.3.5% D.4,5% 58: Cch n gin c th phn bit etan,etilen,etin bng 1 thuc th l: A.Br2 B.Cl2 C.H2 D. AgNO3/NH3 59: ng vi cng thc C6H10 c bao nhiu cu to ankin? A.5 B.6 C.7 D.8 60: phn bit but-2-in v buta-1,3-ien ta dng 1 thuc th l: A.Br2 B.Cl2 C.H2 D. AgNO3/NH3 61: Ngn la n x oxi-axetilen dng trong hn v ct kim loi c th t ti nhit : A.1000oC B. 2000oC C. 3000oC D. 4000oC 62: Ankin A p vi dd KMnO4 /KOH theo phng trnh: A + KMnO4 + KOH CH3COOK + K2CO3 + MnO2 + H2O Vy A l: A.axetilen B.propin C.but-1-in D.but-2-in AgNO 3/ NH 3 HCl 63: A(C3H4) B D B;D ln lt l: CAg;AgCl A. CH3-C B. AgCH2-C CAg;AgCl C. CH3-C CAg;Ag D. AgCl; AgCH2-C CAg 64: Dy cc cht u c phn ng vi axetilen ( iu kin thch hp) l: A.H2O, AgNO3/NH3, Br2, C2H2, H2 B.H2O, NaOH, Br2, C2H2 C.H2O, Br2, H2, CaO, KMnO4 D.Br2, H2, HCl, CH3COOH, NaOH 65: A (C2H4) + Cl2 sp B (c ng phn cis trans). Vy B l: A.CHCl2 CHCl2 B.CH2Cl CH2Cl C.CH3CHCl2 D.CHCl = CHCl 66: Cng thc tng qut ca mi hidrocacbon l CnH2n+2-2k. Gi tr ca hng s k cho bit: A.S lin kt pi B.S vong no C.S lin kt i D.S lin kt pi + vng no 67: Cng thc tng qut ca hidrocacbon mch h l CnH2n+2-2a. Gi tr ca a cho bit: A.S vng no B.S lin kt pi C.S lin kt i D.S lin kt pi hoc lin kt i. 68: Cho cng thc CnH2n+2-2k. ng vi ankin th gi tr ca n v k phi tha mn: A. n 1, k 2 B. n 1, k 1 C. n 2, k 2 D. n 2, k 3 69: A c dng CnH2n+2-2k. A l anken th gi tr ca n v k phi tha mn: A. n 2, k 2 B. n 2, k 1 C. n 2, k 0 D. n 1, k 2 70:A,B l hai ankin ng ng th kh, trong iu kin thng t khi B so vi A l 1,35. Vy A,B l: A. etin v propin B. etin v butin C. propin v butin D. propin v petin 71:Ankin A cha 11,11% H v khi lng. Vy A l: A. etin B. propin C. butin D. petin 72:Ankin B c cha 90% C v khi lng, mch thng, tc dng c vi bc nitrat trong mi trng amonac. Vy B l: A. axtilen B. propin C. but-1-in D. but-2-in 73: Mt hn hp X gm 1 g propin v 2,7 g ankin B(C4H6) tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d to 3,675 g kt ta.Vy B l: A.but-1-in B.but-2-in C.ivinyl D. but-1-in hoc but-2in 74: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol ankin A 0,4 mol H2O.Hiro ho hon ton 0,2 mol ankin A ri t ht sn phm to thnh thu c a mol H2O.Gi tr ca A l: A.0,8 B.0,6 C.1,25 D.2,5 75: t chy V(l) (ktc) mt ankin A 21,6 g H2O.Nu cho ton b sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo bnh ng dd nc vi trong ly d ,th khi lng bnh tng 100,8 g .V c gi tr l:T Ha Hc 36

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.6,72l B.4,48l C.3,36l D.13,44l 76: t chy V(l) (ktc) mt ankin th kh thu c CO2 v H2O c tng khi lng bng 50,4 g.Nu cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong d th thu c 90 g kt ta.V c gi tr l: A.6,72l B.4,48l C.3,36l D.13,44l 77: t chy hon ton 4 g ankin A 6,72 l CO2 (ktc) v 3,6 ml H2O(lng).Cng thc phn t A l: A.C2H2 B. C3H4 C. C4H6 D. C5H8 78: Ankin B (mch thng)c t khi i vi H2 l 17,khng phn ng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 .Vy B l: A.but-1-in B.but-2-in C.butin-1 D.1-butin 79: t chy ht 5,4 g Hirocacbon X(CnH2n-2) thu c 0,4 mol CO2 v 0,3 mol H2O.X tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta vng nht.Vy X l: A.But-1-in B.but-2-in C.buta-1,2-ien D. buta-1,3-ien 80: Cho 1,3 g ankin A cht kh k thng tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 to 12 g kt ta vng nht.Vy CTPT ca A l: A.C2H2 B.C3H6 C.C3H4 D.C4H8 81: Cho 2 g ankin B cht kh k thng tc dng vi dd AgNO 3/NH3 to 7,35 g kt ta vng nht.Vy CTPT ca B l: A.C2H2 B.C3H6 C.C3H4 D.C4H8 82: t chy hon ton 2 ankin k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ri dn sn phm qua dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c 50 g kt ta .Cng thc phn t ca 2 ankin l: A.C2H2 v C3H4 B. C3H4 v C4H6 C. C4H6 v C5H8 D. C5H8 v C6H10 83: Cho 13,2 g hn hp 2 ankin A v B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng;M A = 3tc dng vi dd AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 3,675 g kt ta .Cng thc phn t ca ankin l: A.C3H4 B.C4H6 C.C5H8 D.C6H10 90: Hin nay PVC c iu ch theo s sau: C 2H4 CH2Cl CH2Cl V.C PVC.Nu hiu sut t 80% th lng PVC thu c t 280kg etilen l: A.50kg B.500kg C.55kg D.781,25kg 91: Hin nay PVC c iu ch theo s sau: C2H4 CH2Cl CH2Cl C2H3Cl PVC.Nu hiu sut t 80% th lng C2H4 cn dng sn xut 5000kg PVC l:T Ha Hc 37

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.28kg B.1792kg C.2800kg D.179,2kg 92: Trn 300ml hn hp hidrocacbon (X) vi 500ml oxi (d) ri t chy thu c 750ml hn hp kh v hi. Lm lnh hn hp cn li 650ml, tip tc cho qua dung dch KOH d cn li 450ml. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A.C2H2 B.C2H4 C.C2H6 D.C3H6 93: A(C4H2) c cha 1 lin kt n C C , tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta. Cho 2,3kg A tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d to ra m(g) kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A.11000 B.12000 C.13000 D.13050 94: t chy hon ton 100ml A(CxHy) trong mt lng oxi va thu c 500ml hn hp kh v hi. Lm lnh hi cn li 300ml (cc th tch kh cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C3H4 B.C3H6 C.C2H2 D.C4H2 95: t chy hon ton 1 cht hu c A ch thu c sn phm gm CO 2 v H2O. T khi hi ca A i vi CH4 l 1,625. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C2H4 B.C2H6 C.C2H2 D.C4H2 96: S ng phn cu to tha mn iu kin: c mt ni ba, cng thc phn t l C 6H10, mch di nht c cha 5 cacbon l: A.3 B.6 C.4 D.5 97: S ng phn cu to tha mn iu kin: c mt ni ba, cng thc phn t l C 6H10, mch di nht c cha ot61i a 5 cacbon l: A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 98: 0,1mol A(CxHy), cht kh iu kin thng, chy hon ton to 0,3 mol H 2O, phn ng vi Br2 theo t l 1 : 2. A l: A.C2H6 B.C3H6 C.C4H6 D.Butin 99: A(CxHy). 2,7g A c th tch bng th tch ca 0,8g CH4 250C, 740mmHg. A l: A.C2H2 B.C2H6 C.C3H6 D.C4H6 100: Cho a(g) CaC2 + H2O (d) V(lit) kh v dung dch A. trung ha dung dch A cn va dung dch cha 0,2 mol HCl 1. Gi tr ca V (ktc) l: A.1,12 (l) B.2,24 (l) C.3,36 (l) D.4,48 (l) 2. Gi tr ca a bng: A.6,4g B.10g C.12,8g D.18,2g C ,600o C 101: Cho 20 g CaC2 + H2O(d) Kh A 4,68 g benzenBit hiu sut phn ng to benzen l 60%. tinh khit t n l: A.90% B.92% C.94% D.96% 102: t chy 2 ankin A,B k tip thu c V hi H2Ogp 0,6 ln th tch CO2 cng k.Cng thc A,B ln lt l: A.C2H2 v C3H4 B. C3H4 v C4H6 C. C4H6 v C5H8 D.C4H6 v C3H4 103: Cho h hp gm 2 ankin C2H2 a mol v C3H4 b mol.Tnh gi tr s C trung bnh ca 2 ankin trn: A.2,5 B.2a+3b C.(2a+3b)/5 D.(2a+3b)/(a+b) 104: Cho 2 HC CxHy(amol) v CnHm (b mol).S H trung bnh ca 2 HC trn l: A.(y+m)/2 B.ay+bm C.(ay+bm)/(x+n) D.(ay+bm)/(a+b) o 105: 50 g t n cng nc 18,5 lt C2H2 (20 C;740mmHg).Hiu sut 100%(c tp cht).% tp cht c trong t n l: A.92% B.29% C.8% D.95% 106: Phn tch 0,02 mol A (cha C v Ag)ta c 17,6 g CO 2 v 5,74 g AgCl.Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C2Ag2 B.C3H3Ag C. C3H4Ag D. C3H2Ag2 107 Cho 2 ankin A;B c MA < MB.T khi hi ca B i vi A l 1,35.Vy A,B ln lt l: A.axetilen;propin B.propin;axetilen C.butin;propin D.propin;butinT Ha Hc 38

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang 108: Dn 8,1g hn hp X gm but-1-in v but-2-in li qua bnh ng dd Brom d, thy c m gam dd brom b mt mu. M c gi tr l: A. 16 B. 32 C. 48 D. kqk 109: Dn 17,4g hn hp X gm propin v but-2-in li tht chm qua dd bc nitrat trong mi trng amoniac. Thy c 44,1g kt ta. %V ca propin v but-2-in ln lt l: A. 80%-20% B. 25%-75% C. 68,96%-31,04% D. kqk 110: Hn hp X (propan, propen, propin) c t khi hi so vi hidro l 21,2.t chy ht 0,1 mol X thu c tng khi lng CO2 v nc l: A. 20,4g B. 18,96g C. 16,8g D. 18,6g 111:t chy hon ton 1 lt hn hp X ( etin v 1 hidrocacbon A) thu c 2 lt CO 2 v 2 lt nc cng iu kin. Ctpt A l: A. C2H6 B. C2H4 C.C2H2 D. C2H3 BENZEN L THUYT I. ng ng, ng phn, danh php: ng ng ca benzen c cng thc chung: CnH2n-6 (n 6) Benzen c ng phn v mch cacboon II. Tnh cht vt l: Benzen v ng ng l nhng cht khng mu, khng tan trong nc, benzen v toluen c mi thm nh.Chng hn benzen c hi cho sc khe. III. Tnh cht ha hc: 1.Phn ng th H trn vng benzen:H Br

Phn ng halogen ha:CH3

+ Br2

Fe

+ HBr

CH3 Br

+ HBr

+ Br2

Fe

o-bromtoluen 41%CH3

+ HBr

p-bromtoluenBr

59%

Phn ng nitro ha:H NO2

HNO3

H2SO4

+ H2O

CH3 NO2 CH3

o-nitrotoluen 58%CH3

HNO3 H2SO4

p-nitrtoluen 42%

NO2

Khi vng benzen c sn cc nhm CH3, -OH, -NH2, -OCH3 u tin th vo v tr o v p Khi vng benzen c sn cc nhm NO2, -COOH, -SO3H u tin th vo v tr mT Ha Hc 39

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang 2.Phn ng th H trn nhnh:0 CH3 + Br2 t

CH2Br

+ HBr

3.Phn ng cng: -Cng hidro:+ 3H2 Ni, t0 xiclohexan

-Cng clo:Cl + 3H2 nh sng Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl hexancloran

4. Phn ng oxi ha: -Benzen khng lm mt mu KMnO4 -Toluen lm mt mu KMnO4CH3 + 2KMnO4 t0 COOK + 2MnO2 + KOH + H2O

-Phn ng oxi ha hon ton: CnH2n-6 + STIREN Cng thc phn t: C8H8 Cng thc cu to: Tnh cht: -Stiren lm mt mu dd brom: -Cng vi hidro:H2C CH3 + H2 t0,p,xt +3H2

3n 3 O2 nCO2 +(n-3) H2O 2

C CH2 HBr Br C CH2 H

C CH2 H

Br2

H2C CH3 t0,p,xt

-Phn ng trng hp:HC CH2 n t0,p,xt H H2 C C n

NAPHTALEN Cng thc phn t: C10H8 Cng thc cu to: Tnh cht: Phn ng th:Br + Br2 xt, t0 + HBr 1-bromnaphtalen

T Ha Hc

40

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin GiangNO2 HNO3 H2SO4 t0 + H2O 1-nitonaphtalen

Phn ng cng hidro:2H2 xt, t0 tetralin 3H2 xt, t0 decalin

BI TP 1. Trong phn t benzen: A.6 nguyn t H v 6 C u nm trn 1 mt phng. B.6 nguyn t H nm trn cng 1 mt phng khc vi mp ca 6 C C.Ch c 6 C nm trong cng 1 mt phng. D. Ch c 6 H mm trong cng 1 mt phng. 2. Cho cc CT :H

(1) (2) (3) Cu to no l ca benzen: A.(1) v (2) B.(1) v (3) C.(2) v (3) D.(1) ; (2) v (3) 3. Dy ng ng ca benzen c cng thc chung l: A.CnH2n+6 ; n>=6 B. CnH2n-6 ; n>=3 C. CnH2n-6 ; n==6 4. Cho cc cht C6H5CH3 (1), p-CH3C6H4C2H5 (2), C6H5C2H3 (3), o-CH3C6H4CH3 (4) Dy gm cc cht l ng ng ca benzen l: A.(1);(2) v (3) B.(2);(3) v (4) C.(1);(3) v (4) D.(1);(2) v (4)CH3

CH3 5. Cho cu to sau:C tn gi g sau y: A.o-xilen B.m-xilen C.p-xilen D.1,5-imetylbenzen 6. CH3C6H2C2H5 c tn gi l: A.etyl,metylbenzen B. metyl,etylbenzen C.p-etyl,metylbenzen D.p-metyl,etylbenzen 7. (CH3)2CHC6H5 c tn gi l: A.propylbenzen B.n-propylbenzen C.i-propylbenzen D.imetylbenzen 8. Ankylbenzen l HC c cha A.vng benzen B.gc ankyl v vng benzen C.gc ankyl v 1 benzen D.gc ankyl 9. iu no sau u khng ng kh ni v 2 v tr trn 1 vng benzen: A. v tr 1,2 gi l ortho B.1,4-para C.1,3-meta D.1,5-ortho 10. t chy 16,2 g 1 cht hu c (A) thu c 1,2 mol CO 2 ; 0,9 mol H2O. 150 < MA < 170.Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C8H10 B.C9H12 C.C10H14 D. C12H18 11.Mt ankylbenzen A (C12H18)cu to c tnh i xng cao.A l: A.1,3,5-tri etylbenzen B. 1,2,4-tri etylbenzen C. 1,2,3-tri metylbenzen D. 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaetylbenzen 12. C7H8 c s ng phn thm l: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 13. A l ng ng ca benzen c cng thc nguyn l: (C3H4)n. Cng thc phn t ca A l:

T Ha Hc

41

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.C3H4 B.C6H8 C.C9H12 D. C12H16 14. ng vi cng thc C9H12 c bao nhiu ng phn c cu to cha vng benzen? A.6 B.7 C.8 D.9 15. Mt ankylbenzen A c cng thc C9H12, cu to c tnh i xng cao. Vy A l: A.1, 2, 3 trimetyl benzen B.n propyl benzen C.iso- propyl benzen D.1, 3, 5 trimetyl benzen 16. Cc cht benzen, toluen, etyl benzen c nhit nng chy: A.bng nhau B.C6H6 < C6H5CH3 < C6H5C2H5 C.C6H6 > C6H5CH3 > C6H5C2H5 D.C6H6 < C6H5CH3 = C6H5C2H5 17. Tnh cht no sau y khng phi ca ankyl benzen A.Khng mu sc B.Khng mi v C.Khng tan trong nc D.Tan nhiu trong cc dung mi hu c 18. Tnh cht no khng phi ca benzen? A.Tc dng vi dung dch Br2 (Fe) B.Tc dng vi HNO3 /H2SO4() C.Tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 D.Tc dng vi Cl2 (as) 19. Tnh cht no khng phi ca toluen? A.Tc dng vi dung dch Br2 (Fe) B.Tc dng vi Cl2 (as) C.Tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4, t0 D. Tc dng vi dung dch Br2 20. So vi benzen, toluen + ddHNO3/H2SO4 (): A.D hn, to ra o nitro toluen v p nitro toluen B.Kh hn, to ra o nitro toluen v p nitro toluen C.D hn, to ra o nitro toluen v m nitro toluen D.D hn, to ra m nitro toluen v p nitro toluen 21. Toluen + Cl2 (as) xy ra phn ng: A.Cng vo vng benzen B.Th vo vng benzen, d dng hn C.Th nhnh, kh khn hn CH4 D.Th nhnh, d dng hn CH4 22. Tin hnh th nghim cho nitro benzen tc dng vi HNO3/H2SO4 (), nng ta thy: A.Khng c phn ng xy ra B.Phn ng d hn benzen, u tin v tr meta C.Phn ng kh hn benzen, u tin v tr meta D.Phn ng kh hn benzen, u tin v tr ortho 23. Dy cc nhm th lm cho phn ng th vo vng benzen d dng hn v u tin v tr o- v pl: A.CnH2n+1, -OH, B.OCH3, -NO2 C.CH3, COOH D.NO2, -COOH, -SO3H 24. Dy gm cc nhm th lm cho phn ng th vo vng benzen d dng hn v u tin v tr ml: A.-CnH2n+1, -OH B.OCH3, -NO2 C.CH3, -COOH D.NO2, -COOH, -SO3H 25. iso-propyl benzen cn gi l: A.Toluen B.Stiren C.Cumen D.Xilen 26. Phn ng no sau y khng xy ra: A.Benzen + Cl2 (as) B.Benzen + H2 (Ni, t0) C.Benzen + Br2 (dd) D.Benzen + HNO3 /H2SO4() 27. Cho benzen + Cl2 (as) ta thu c dn xut clo A. Vy A l: A.C6H5Cl B.p-C6H4Cl2 C.C6H6Cl6 D.m-C6H4Cl2 Ni ,t o 28. A + 4 H2 etyl xiclo hexan. Cu to ca A l: A.C6H5CH2CH3 B.C6H5CH3 C.C6H5CH2CH=CH2 D.C6H5CH=CH2 Ni ,t o 29. B + 3H2 etyl benzen. B l: A. etyl benzen B. metyl benzen C. vinyl benzen D. ankyl benzen 30. phn bit benzen, toluen, stiren ta ch dng 1 thuc th duy nht l:T Ha Hc 42

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.Brom (dd) B.Br2 (Fe) C.KMnO4 (dd) D.Br2 (dd) hoc KMnO4(dd) 31. Hin tng g xy ra khi cho brom lng vo ng nghim cha benzen, lc ri yn? A. Dd brom b mt mu B. Kh tham gia phn ng cng C. C kh thot ra D. Dd brom khng b mt mu 32.Hin tng g xy ra khi nung nng toluen vi dd thuc tm? A. Dd thuc tm khng mt mu B. Si bt kh C. C kt ta trng D. Dd thuc tm b mt mu 33. Tnh cht no khng phi ca benzen? A.D th B.Kh cng C.Bn vi cht oxi ha D.Km bn vi cc cht oxi ha xt ,t o 34. A toluen + 3H2. Vy A l: A.metyl xiclo hexan B.metyl xiclo hexen C.n-hexan D.n-heptan 35. Benzen + X etyl benzen. Vy X l A.axetilen B.etilen C.etyl clorua D.etan xt ,t o 36. C6H6 + Y etyl benzen + HCl. Vy Y l: A.CH2ClCH2Cl B.CH2=CHCl C.CH3CH2Cl D.CH2=CH-CH2Cl 37. ng dng no benzen khng c: A.Lm dung mi B.Tng hp monome C.Lm nhin liu D.Dng trc tip lm dc phm 38. Thuc n TNT c iu ch trc tip t A.benzen B.metyl benzen C.vinyl benzen D.p-xilen 39. Cht no sau y c th cha vng benzen: A.C10H16 B.C9H14BrCl C.C8H6Cl2 D. C7H12 40. Cu to ca 4-cloetylbenzen l:C2H5C2H5

C2H5C2H5 Cl

Cl A. B. C. D. 41. ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10 c bao nhiu cu to cha vng benzen? A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 42.Cht no sau y khng th cha vng benzen A.C8H10 B. C6H8 C. C8H10 D. C9H12 43. Phn ng chng minh tnh cht no;khng no ca benzen ln lt l: A.th,cng B.cng,nitro ho C.chy,cng D.cng,brom ho 44. phn bit c cc cht Hex-1-in,Toluen,Benzen ta dng 1 thuc th duy nht l: A. dd AgNO3/NH3 B.dd Brom C.dd KMnO4 D.dd HCl 45. D phn bit d dng Hex-1-in,Hex-1-en,benzen ta ch dng 1 thuc th duy nht l: A. dd Brom B. dd AgNO3/NH3 C.dd [Ag(NH3)2]OH D.dd HCl 46. Phn ng no sau y khng dng iu ch Benzen: A.tam hp axetilen B.kh H2 ca xiclohexan C.kh H2,ng vng n-hexan D.tam hp etilen 47. Phn ng Benzen tc dng vi clo to C6H6Cl6 xy ra trong iu kin: A. c bt Fe xc tc B .c nh snh khuych tn C.c dung mi nc D.c dung mi CCl4 48. Phn ng no khng iu ch c Toluen? AlCl3 ;t o A.C6H6 + CH3Cl B. kh H2,ng vng benzen C.kh H2 metylxiclohexan D.tam hp propin 49. Gc C6H5-CH2- c tn gi l: A.Phenyl B.Vinyl C.anlyl D.benzylClCl

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Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang 50.Stiren khng phn ng c vi nhng cht no sau y: A.dd Br2 B.kh H2 ,Ni,to C.dd KMnO4 D.dd NaOH 51. Cho cc cht (1)benzen ; (2) toluen; (3)xiclohexan;(4)hex-5-trien; (5)xilen;(6) Cumen Dy gm cc HC thm l: A.(1);(2);(3);(4) B. (1);(2);(5;(6) C. (2);(3);(5) ;(6) D. (1);(5);(6);(4) trung / hop 52. Cho phn ng A 1,3,5-trimetylbenzen .A l: A.axetilen B.metyl axetilen C.etyl axetilen D.imetyl axetilen 53. Cng thc tng qut ca hirocacbon CnH2n+2-2a.i vi stiren ,gi tr ca n v a ln lt l: A. 8 v 5 B.5 v 8 C.8 v 4d D.4 v 8 54. Cng thc tng qut ca hirocacbon CnH2n+2-2a.i vi naptalen ,gi tr ca n v a ln lt l: A.10 v 5 B.10 v 6 C.10 v 7 D.10 v 8 55. Benzen A o-brom-nitrobenzen.Cng thc ca A l: A.nitrobenzen B.brombenzen C.aminobenzen D.o-ibrombenzen 56. C2H2 A B m-brombenzen .A v B ln lt l: A.benzen ; nitrobenzen B.benzen,brombenzen C.nitrobenzen ; benzen D. nitrobenzen; brombenzen 57. Phn ng ng trng hp gia stiren v buta-1,3-ien to ra sn phm l: A.cao su buna B.cao su buna-N C.cao su buna-S D.cao su isopren 58. t chy hon ton 10,8g mt ankyl benzen A thu c 39,6g CO 2. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C6H6 B.C8H8 C.C8H10 D.C9H12 59. t chy 10,8g A (CxHy) 10,8g H2O. A c cha 1 vng benzen. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A.C3H4 B.C6H8 C.C9H12 D.C12H16 60.Cho benzen vo 1 l ng Cl2 d ri a ra asng .Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 5,82 kg benzen.Tn ca sn phm v khi lng benzen tham gia phn ng l: A.clobenzen;1,56kg B.hexacloxiclohexan;1,65kg C.hexacloran;1,56kg D.hexaclobenzen;6,15kg 61. t chy hon ton 12 g cht hu c A , ng ng ca benzen thu c 20,16 lt CO2 (ktc) Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. C9H12 B. C8H10 C. C7H8 D. C10H14 62. t chy hon ton m g A ng ng ca benzen thu c 20,16 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 10,8 ml H2O (lng).Cng thc ca A l: A. C7H8 B. C8H10 C. C9H12 D. C10H14 63. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol CxHy thu c 20,16 lt CO2 (ktc) v 10,8 g H2O (lng).Cng thc ca CxHy l: A. C7H8 B. C8H10 C. C10H14 D. C9H12 as 64. 1 mol Toluen + 1 mol Cl2 A . A l: A.C6H5CH2Cl B. p-ClC6H4CH3 C. o-ClC6H4CH3 D.B v C u ng H 2 SO4 d B + H2O. B l: 65. 1 mol nitrobenzen + 1 mol HNO3 to A.m-initrobenzen B. o-initrobenzen C. p-initrobenzen D.B v C u ng. 66. t chy hon ton hi A(CxHy) thu c 8 lt CO2 v cn dng 10,5 lt oxi.Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. C7H8 B. C8H10 C. C10H14 D. C9H12 67. t chy hon ton 1,3 g A(CxHy) 0,9 g H2O .Cng thc nguyn ca A l: A.(CH)n B.(C2H3)n C.(C3H4)n D.(C4H7)n 68. A t 1 hp cht vng c to thnh t s trng hp axetilen,dA/kk l 3,59.C.thc phn t A l: A. C8H8 B. C6H6 C. C10H14 D. C4H4 69. A c cng thc phn t l C8H8 ,tc dng vi dd KMnO4 nhit thng to ra ancol 2 chc.1 mol A tc dng ti a vi:T Ha Hc 44

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A.4 mol H2; 1 mol brom B. 3 mol H2; 1 mol brom C.3 mol H2; 3 mol brom D. 4 mol H2; 4 mol brom 70. 5,2 g stiren b trng hp 1 phn tc dng va vi dd cha 0,0125 mol brom.Lng stiren cha b trng hp l: A.25% B.50% C.52% D.75% 71. 1 ankylbenzen A(C9H12),tc dng vi HNO3 c (c xt H2SO4 ) theo t l mol 1:1 to ra 1 dn xut mononitro duy nht . Vy A l: A. n-propylbenzen B.p-etyl,metylbenzen C.iso-propylbenzen D.1,3,5trimetylbenzen 72. A l 1 HC mch h , cht kh iu kin thng 4,48 lt kh A ktc tc dng va vi 0,4 mol Brom to ra sn phm B cha 85,562% brom v khi lng. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. C2H6 B. C3H6 C. C4H6 D. C6H6 73Cho m g HC (A) chy thu c 0,396 g CO2 v 0,108 g H2O.Trng hp 3 phn t A thu c cht B l ng ng ca benzen.A v B thuc dy no sau? A.A,B u l ankin B.A,B u l ankylbenben C.A:ankylbenzen;B:ankin D. A:ankin ; B:ankylbenzen* 74. Cho a g cht A(CxHy) chy thu c 13,2 g CO2 v 3,6 g H2O.Tam hp A thu c B,mt ng ng ca ankin benzen.Cng thc phn t ca A v B ln lt l: A.C3H6 v C9H8 B. C2H2 v C6H6 C. C3H4 v C9H12 D. C9H12 v C3H4 75. 1 mol HC A(C6H6) tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 theo t l mol nA : nAgNO3 = 1:2.Vy A l: A.benzen B.hexaien C.hexaiin D.xiclohexin 76. 1,3 g cht hu c A chy hon ton thu c 4,4 g CO 2 v 0,9 g H2O.T khi hi ca A i vi oxi(d) tho mn iu kin 3 III > II. B. IV > III > I > II. C. II > III > I > IV. D. I > II > III > IV. 46. Th t sp xp theo s tng dn tnh axit ca CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CO2 v C6H5OH l A. C6H5OH < CO2 < CH3COOH < C2H5OH B. CH3COOH < C6H5OH < CO2 < C2H5OH C. C2H5OH < C6H5OH < CO2 < CH3COOH D. C2H5OH < CH3COOH < C6H5OH < CO23

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Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang 47. Trung ha 5,92 gam mt axit no n chc A bng mt dung dch NaOH va .C cn dung dch thu c 7,68 gam mui khan.Cng thc phn t ca A l? A. HCOOH B. CH3COOH C. C2H5COOHD. C3H7COOH 48. Khi cho 4,5 gam axit oxalic tc dng vi kim loi Na d, thu c V lt hidro ktc. Gi tr ca V l? A. 1,12 B. 2,24 C. 3,36 D. 4,48 49. Hn hp X gm CH3OH v HCOOH. Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1:t chy hon ton to ra 6,72 lt hidro ktc. Phn 2:c este ha hon ton v va thu c mt este. Khi t chy este ny th khi lng nc sinh ra l? A. 2,7g B. 5,4g C. 1,8g D. 7,2g 50. t chy a gam C2H5OH thu c 1 mol CO2 t chy b mol CH3COOH thu c 1 mol CO2 Cho a gam C2H5OH tc dng vi b gam CH3COOH c H2SO4 c lm xc tc (h=100%). Thu c c gam este. Gi tr ca c l A.44 B. 39,6 C. 22 D. 30,8 51. trung ha 40 ml dd gim n cn dng 25ml dd NaOH 1M.Coi khi lng ring ca gim bng khi lng ring ca nc.Nng % ca axit axetic trong gim n l A. 3,75% B. 3,57% C. 5,75% D. 5,37% 52. Mun trung ha 200ml gim cn dng 300ml dd NaOH 1M. Vy trung ha 1 lt gim cn bao nhiu gam NaOH? A. 30g B. 90g C. 60g D. 45g 53. Cho 9,2 gam hn hp HCOOH v C2H5OH tc dng ht Na d thu c V lt hidro ktc. Gi tr ca V l? A. 1,12 B. 2,24 C.3,36 D. 4,48 54. Cho a gam hn hp HCOOH v C2H5OH tc dng ht Na d thu c 1,68 lt hidro ktc. Gi tr ca a l? A. 4,6 B. 5,5 C. 6,9 D. 7,2 55. A,B l hai axit no n chc lin tip trong dy ng ng.Cho hn hp gm 4,6 gam A v 6gam B tc dng ht vi Na thu c 2,24 lt H2 ktc. CTPT cc axit l: A. HCOOH v CH3COOH B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH D. C4H9COOH v C3H7COOH 56. Khi lng MgO cn ly tc dng va vi 39 gam CH3COOH l? A. 10 g B. 13 g C. 14 g D. 15 g 57. Khi lng CuO cn ly tc dng va vi 39 gam CH3COOH l? A. 23 g B. 21 g C. 25 g D. 26 g 58. Cho 14,8g hai axit hu c no n chc tc dng vi lng va Na2CO3 sinh ra 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui thu c l: A. 19,2g B. 20,2 g C. 21,2 g D. 23,2 g 59. Trung ha 9 gam mt axit no n chc bng lng NaOH va thu c 12,3 gam mui. Axit l: A. HCOOH B. CH3COOH C. C2H5COOHD. C3H7COOH 60. Thc hin phn ng este ha hon ton m gam CH3COOH bng mt lng va C2H5OH thu c 0,02 mol este. Vy m c gi tr l A. 2,1g B. 1,1g C. 1,2g D. 1,4g 61. Khi lng CH3COOH cn ly tc dng va vi 12,6g C4H9OH? A. 10,2g B. 11,6g C. 12,6g D. 13,6g 62. Cho 0,1 mol CH3COOH tc dng vi 0,15 mol C2H5OH thu c 0,05 mol CH3COOC2H5. Hiu sut phn ng l? A. 20% B. 30% C. 50% D. 100% 63. Axit hu c A c thnh phn nguyn t gm 40,68% C; 54,24% O. trung ha 0,05 mol A cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M. CTCT ca A lT Ha Hc 65

Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang A. HOOC CH2 CH2 COOH. B. HOOC CH (CH3) CH2 COOH. C. HOOC CH2 COOH. D. HOOC COOH. 64. Mun trung ha 6,72g mt axit hu c A cn dng 200g dung dch NaOH 2,24%. A l A. CH3COOH. B. CH3 CH2 COOH. C. HCOOH. D. CH2 = CH COOH. 65. t chy hon ton 2,22g mt axit hu c no, n chc A thu c 1,62g H2O. A l A. C3H7COOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. HCOOH. D. CH3COOH. 66. Cho 2,46g hn hp gm HCOOH, CH3COOH, C6H5OH tc dng va vi 400ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Tng khi lng mui thu c sau phn ng l A. 3,54g. B. 4,46g. C. 5,32g. D. 11,26g. 67. Cho 16,6g hn hp gm HCOOH, CH3COOH tc dng ht vi Mg thu c 3,36 lt H2 (kc). Khi lng CH3COOH l A. 12g. B. 9g. C. 6g. D. 4,6g. 68.t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp X gm 2 axit cacboxylic ng ng k tip thu c 6,16 gam CO2 v 2,52 gam H2O. Cng thc ca 2 axit l A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH. C. HCOOH v CH3COOH. D. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. 69.Axit icacboxylic mch thng c phn trm khi lng ca cc nguyn t tng ng l % C = 45,46%, %H = 6,06%, %O = 48,49%. Cng thc cu to ca axit l A. HOOC-COOH. B. HOOC-CH2-COOH. C. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH. 70. trung ho 8,8 gam mt axit cacboxylic mch thng thuc dy ng ng ca axit fomic cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca axit l A. CH3COOH.B. CH3(CH2)2COOH. C. CH3(CH2)3COOH. D. CH3CH2COOH. 71. Cho 5,76g axit hu c n chc X tc dng ht vi CaCO3 d, thu c 7,28g mui. Tn gi ca X l A. axit fomic B. axit axetic C. axit butyric. D. axit acrylic. 72. trung ho a gam hn hp X gm 2 axit no, n chc, mch thng l ng ng k tip cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,3M. Mt khc, t chy hon ton a gam X thu c b gam nc v (b+3,64) gam CO2. Cng thc phn t ca 2 axit l A. CH2O2 v C2H4O2. B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2. C. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2. D. C4H8O2 v C5H10O2. 73.Thc hin phn ng este ho m gam CH3COOH bng mt lng va C2H5OH (xc tc H2SO4 c, un nng) thu c 1,76 gam este (h=100%). Gi tr ca m l A. 2,1. B. 1,1. C. 1,2. D. 1,4. 74. trung ho 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc), cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 2,24%. Cng thc ca Y l A. CH3COOH.B. C2H5COOH. C. C3H7COOH. D. HCOOH. 75. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc, cn va V lt O2 (ktc), thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l A. 8,96. B. 11,2. C. 4,48. D.6,72. 76.Cho 24,0 gam axit axetic tc dng vi 18,4 gam glixerin (H2SO4 c v un nng) thu c 21,8 gam glixerin triaxetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng l A. 50%. B. 75%. C. 25%. D. 80%. 77.t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 2 ru n chc, ng ng k tip thu c 14,08 gam CO2 v 9,36 gam H2O. Nu cho X tc dng ht vi axit axetic th s gam este thu c l A. 18,24. B. 22,40. C. 16,48. D. 14,28. 78.Cho 5,76g axit hu c n chc X tc dng ht vi CaCO3 d, thu c 7,28g mui. Nu cho X tc dng vi 4,6 ru etylic vi hiu sut 80% th s gam este thu c l A. 6,40. B. 8,00. C. 7,28. D. 5,76.

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Trng THPT Vnh Thun-Kin Giang 79.t chy hon ton 19,68 gam hn hp Y gm 2 axit l ng ng k tip thu c 31,68 gam CO2 v 12,96 gam H2O. Nu cho Y tc dng vi ru etylic, vi hiu sut phn ng ca mi axit l 80% th s gam este thu c l A. 25,824. B. 22,464. C. 28,080. D. 32,280. 80.Cho 37,6 gam hn hp X gm C2H5OH v mt ru ng ng Y tc dng vi Na d thu c 11,2 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu cho Y bng lng Y c trong X tc dng ht vi axit axetic th thu c s gam este l A. 44,4. B. 22,2. C. 35,2. D. 17,6. 81.t chy hon ton hn hp 2 ru l ng ng k tip thu c 8,8 gam CO 2 v 6,3 gam H2O. Cng lng hn hp trn, nu cho tc dng ht vi axit oxalic th thu c m gam hn hp 3 este khng cha nhm chc khc. Gi tr ca m l A. 19,10. B. 9,55. C. 12,10. D. 6,05. 82.X, Y l 2 axit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho hn hp A gm 5,52 gam X v 10,80 gam Y tc dng ht vi Na thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu cho A tc dng ht vi ru etylic th thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l A. 24,72. B. 22,74. C. 27,42. D. 22,47. 83.Hn hp X gm HCOOH v CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam X tc dng vi 5,75 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c), thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l A. 10,12. B. 16,20. C. 8,10. D. 6,48.

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