bai giang cad excel 3378

B mn T ng ho Thit k Cu ng

Bi ging mn hc Thc tp cng nhn 1

TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI KHOA CNG TRNH

B MN T NG HO THIT K CU NG ----------------

Bi ging:

H thng CAD ng dng trong thit k cng trnh

Mn hc: Thc tp cng nhn Lp: T ng ho thit k cu ng

H ni 09/2005



MC LC

Chng 1: TNG QUAN ...............................................................................................................4 Chng 2: HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD..........................................................................6

2.1 Gii thiu AutoCAD ng dng trong thit k.................................................................6 2.1.1 Gii thiu cc tnh nng c bn ca phn mm AutoCAD........................................ 6 2.1.1.1 V cc bn v thit k ng dng trong thit k, lp quy hoch cc d n .................6 2.1.1.2 Xy dng cc bn v trao i vi cc ng dng khc: Word, Excel .....................8 2.1.1.3 Lp m hnh kt cu cho cc chng trnh phn tch kt cu: Midas/Civil, Sap.......9 2.1.1.4 Lp m hnh hnh hc cho chng trnh phn tch n nh mi dc: GeoSlope........9 2.1.2 Cc phng php hc AutoCAD. .............................................................................. 9 2.1.3 Cu trc d liu v t chc d liu c bn ca 1 bn v thit k. ........................... 10 2.1.3.1 Cu trc d liu hnh hc .........................................................................................10 2.1.3.2 Cu trc d liu phi hnh hc ...................................................................................10 2.2 ng dng AutoCAD thit lp cc bn v thit k 2D...................................................10 2.2.1 Gii thiu chng trnh AutoCad 2002 ................................................................... 10 2.2.2 Thit lp cc thng s c bn ca bn v................................................................. 10 2.2.2.1 Thit lp cc thng s c bn cho bn v.................................................................10 2.2.2.2 Cc lnh v mn hnh. ..............................................................................................10 2.3 Phng php xy dng cc i tng c bn trong khng gian 2D. ............................11 2.3.1 Xy dng cc i tng hnh hc ............................................................................ 11 2.3.2 Xy dng cc i tng phi hnh hc ...................................................................... 11 2.3.3 Gii thiu cc bin h thng trong AutoCad ........................................................... 12 2.4 Qun l v hiu chnh cc thuc tnh ca i tng 2D. ..............................................12 2.4.1 Hiu chnh cc i tng n .................................................................................. 12 2.4.2 Hiu chnh cc i tng nhm ............................................................................... 12 2.4.3 Trao i d liu vi cc bn v 2D khc. ................................................................ 13 2.4.4 T chc trang in. ...................................................................................................... 13 2.5 Lm vic vi my in......................................................................................................13 2.6 T chc, qun l bn v v tu bin AutoCAD. ...........................................................13 2.6.1 T chc bn v. ........................................................................................................ 13 2.6.2 Qun l bn v ......................................................................................................... 13 2.6.3 Tu bin AutoCAD.................................................................................................. 13 2.7 Lm vic vi cc h thng CAD khc trong AutoCAD................................................13 2.7.1 Nhp v xut cc nh dng file khc ...................................................................... 13 2.7.2 Trao i d liu vi cc chng trnh ng dng khc ............................................. 14 2.7.3 Lm vic vi nh Raster........................................................................................... 14 2.8 Kt ni ng dng AutoCAD trn Internet (Tham kho). ..............................................14

Chng 3: HNG DN S DNG PHN MM EXCE...........................................................15 3.1 Gii thiu MS Excel ng dng trong thit k. ..............................................................15 3.1.1 Gii thiu cc tnh nng c bn ca phn mm MS Excel. ..................................... 15 3.1.2 Cc phng php hc MS Excel.............................................................................. 15 3.1.3 Cu trc d liu v t chc d liu c bn ca 1 bng tnh Excel........................... 15 3.2 nh dng 1 bng tnh. ..................................................................................................15



3.2.1 nh dng s v vn bn: ......................................................................................... 15 3.2.1.1 nh dng s: ...........................................................................................................15 3.2.1.2 nh dng vn bn: ..................................................................................................16 3.2.1.3 nh dng ca min d liu: ....................................................................................16 3.2.2 nh dng hin th ni dung ca Cell, Sheet............................................................ 16 3.2.2.1 Hin th cng thc ca Cell......................................................................................16 3.2.2.2 a ch ca Cell ........................................................................................................16 3.2.2.3 Thm ghi ch cho Cell .............................................................................................16 3.2.3 Thit lp cc tu chn khng gian lm vic son tho........................................ 16 3.3 Phn tch d liu............................................................................................................16 3.3.1 Nhp cng thc trong bng tnh............................................................................... 16 3.3.2 Cc gi tr li thng gp khi nhp cc cng thc cha ng:................................ 18 3.3.3 Sao chp cc cng thc ............................................................................................ 18 3.4 Cc hm c bn trong bng tnh....................................................................................18 3.4.1 Gii thiu ................................................................................................................. 18 3.4.2 Cch kim tra cng thc xy dng v kim tra li.............................................. 18 3.4.3 Xy dng cc hm c bn trong bng tnh............................................................... 19 3.4.3.1 Hm ton hc: ..........................................................................................................19 3.4.3.2 Hm lng gic: .......................................................................................................20 3.4.3.3 Hm Logarit: ............................................................................................................20 3.4.3.4 Hm lin quan n ngy, gi....................................................................................20 3.4.3.5 Hm lin quan n mng:.........................................................................................20 3.4.3.6 Hm do ngi dng nh ngha:...............................................................................20 3.4.4 Cc hm phn tch iu kin gi nh ...................................................................... 20 3.4.4.1 Hm tm kim theo iu kin gi nh: ....................................................................20 3.4.4.2 Hm phn tch theo iu kin gi nh.....................................................................22 3.4.5 Hm tm mc tiu: Goal Seek, Solver...................................................................... 23 3.4.5.1 Hm tm mc tiu Goal Seek ...................................................................................23 3.4.5.2 Hm tm mc tiu Solver .........................................................................................24 3.5 Biu ..........................................................................................................................25 3.5.1 Cc k thut biu c bn..................................................................................... 25 3.5.1.1 Cch to biu .......................................................................................................25 3.5.1.2 Cc bc to biu ................................................................................................25 3.5.2 Thay i cch hin th ca biu ........................................................................... 27 3.5.3 Cc d liu ca biu ............................................................................................ 27 3.5.4 In n biu ............................................................................................................. 28 3.6 In n bng tnh...............................................................................................................28 3.6.1 Thit lp cc thng s cho trang in .......................................................................... 28 3.6.2 Thit lp cc thng s cho my in............................................................................ 29 3.7 Kt ni vi cc chng trnh CAD khc.......................................................................29 3.7.1 Kt ni vi chng trnh AutoCad........................................................................... 29 3.7.2 Kt ni vi chng trnh Word................................................................................ 29



Chng:

1 TNG QUAN

Thng thng s ra i ca mt cng trnh giao thng (cu, ng, ...) bt u t vic nghin cu ch ra s cn thit ca cng trnh hay vai tr ca n trong i sng x hi. Sau bc kho st thit k s c trin khai, kt qu ca qu trnh ny l nhng ti liu bao gm bn v, bn tnh v bn thuyt minh th hin cu to v cch thc c bn thi cng cng nh chi ph cho cng trnh . Qu trnh thi cng s da vo kt qu ca qu trnh thit k trc tip to ra cng trnh trn thc a. Nh vy thit k l mt khu trong qu trnh to ra mt cng trnh. Mt cch tng quan, vng i cc cng trnh xy dng bao gm cc giai on chnh sau:

1 - Lp d n xy dng 2 - Thit k:

Thit k kh thi (thit k c s) Thit k k thut Thit k thi cng

3 - Xy dng 4 - Khai thc, s dng 5 - Sa cha, nng cp 6 - Ph hy, thay th

Kt qu ca qu trnh thit k, nh nu trn, bao gm h thng cc bn v, bn tnh v thuyt minh m ni dung ca n ch r cu to ca cng trnh, phng php chnh thc hin v chi ph xy dng cng trnh. Vic to ra h thng cc ti liu trn lun i hi mt khi lng tnh ton v thao tc rt ln v th vic gim bt cng sc cho ngi thit k ng thi nng cao c nng sut v cht lng ca n thit k l mt cng vic rt c ngha.

Qu trnh thit k l s vn dng kin thc chuyn mn v cng c h tr gii quyt hng lot cc vn nhm to ra h s thit k. Thc t chng t rng vi kin thc chuyn mn tt nhng cng c cha tt th hiu qu cng vic khng cao cn nu thiu kin thc chuyn mn th d c cng c h tr tt th cht lng n s khng m bo. Nh vy y chnh l hai yu t ch cht to nn mt n thit k c cht lng.

Kin thc chuyn mn y bao gm nhiu ni dung khc nhau v c cung cp trong sut qu trnh hc i hc di dng tng hc phn hay mn hc c th. Mi mn hc s ng vai tr nh mt b phn to nn mt khi kin thc tng hp gip cho ngi k s c th nh hng c cch gii quyt cc vn trong qu trnh to ra cng trnh. V d c t liu bt u thit k, ngi k s cn nm c nhng thng tin v a hnh, a cht v thy vn cng nh mt s thng tin khc ca khu vc xy dng cng trnh. c c nhng thng tin ny, v d nh thng tin v a hnh v a cht, ngi ta s thc hin vic kho st a hnh v a cht ca khu vc ny. Kin thc c bn gip hon thnh hai cng vic trn nm trong mn hc Trc a cng trnh giao thng v a cht cng trnh, hai mn hc ny cung cp phng php p ng nhu cu thng tin cho qu trnh thit k. Nhu cu thng tin ny c a ra da trn nhng yu cu cho loi cng trnh c th, v d cng trnh ny l mt tuyn ng th mn hc Thit k ng t s l ni ch ra nhng thng tin no cn thu thp.

Cng c h tr thit k gip ngi k s trin khai chi tit tng ca mnh v trong thc t n ng mt vai tr quan trng trong vic quyt nh nng sut v cht lng ca qu trnh thit k. Vi nhng cng c h tr v, tnh ton n gin th nhiu vn phc tp, mc d v mt l



thuyt c th gii quyt c, nhng khng th trin khai trong thc t, v d tnh ton kt cu ln, phc tp theo s khng gian ba chiu hoc th hin kt qu thit k ca tuyn ng di dng m hnh ba chiu.

Vi c th ca cng tc thit k ch yu l tnh ton v trin khai bn v cho nn nhng cng c h tr mang li hiu qu thit thc s phi p ng c nhng yu cu v tnh ton, to bn v v lu tr d liu. Do c im ca nhng yu cu trn cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin cho nn c th thy rng h thng cc phn mm h tr thit k l cng c thch hp nht.

H thng phn mm h tr thit k bao gm nhng chng trnh chuyn dng c xy dng gii quyt mt hay nhiu vn no trong qu trnh thit k cng trnh, nh AutoCad, ExcelVy c th thit k c cc cng trnh trc ht sinh vin cn phi nm vng v s dng thnh tho AutoCad v Excel.



Chng:

2 HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD

Mc ch: Gip cho sinh vin hiu c nguyn tc thc hin v hon thin 1 bn v trn AutoCad. Hiu c nguyn tc, cc k nng c bn ca cc lnh trong AutoCad, cch t chc trang in, trao i d liu vi cc chng trnh ng dng khc...

Ni dung:

2.1 Gii thiu AutoCAD ng dng trong thit k.

2.1.1 Gii thiu cc tnh nng c bn ca phn mm AutoCAD.

2.1.1.1 V cc bn v thit k ng dng trong thit k, lp quy hoch cc d n ng dng trong v cc bn v thit k: Trong cc bn v thit k cng trnh cu, ng, cc cng trnh xy dng dn dng khc

Hnh 2.1: ng dng AutoCad trong thit k cng trnh cu



Hnh 2.2: ng dng AutoCad trong thit k cng trnh ng

ng dng trong lp quy hoch cc d n:



Hnh 2.3: ng dng AutoCad trong lp quy hoch

2.1.1.2 Xy dng cc bn v trao i vi cc ng dng khc: Word, Excel



2.1.1.3 Lp m hnh kt cu cho cc chng trnh phn tch kt cu: Midas/Civil, Sap..

2.1.1.4 Lp m hnh hnh hc cho chng trnh phn tch n nh mi dc: GeoSlope

2.1.2 Cc phng php hc AutoCAD. AutoCad khng phi l mt chng trnh m ngi s dng c th d dng nm bt c khi s dng. c th khai thc ti a cc tnh nng ca AutoCad ngi s dng cn c o to cc tnh nng c bn v tham gia cc kho o to chuyn su v AutoCad Cc phng php hc AutoCad:

- Hc t nh phn phi: Hu ht cc nh phn phi u c km theo cc kho o to c bn hoc chuyn su khi ngi dng mua sn phn AutoCad.

- Tham gia mt kho o to: Vit nam bn c th ng k tham gia cc kho o to ti cc trng i hc hoc cc trung tm tin hc chuyn o to chuyn su v AutoCad, hoc c th ng k o to trc tuyn trn trang Web: http://www.autodesk.com

- Hc t ngi dng khc: Phng php ny thng t c hiu qu nht nu ngi dng bit cn bn v AutoCad. Nu trong vn phng c nhiu ngi s dng AutoCad bn c th chia s thng tin v th thut vi h.

- c cc tp ch v AutoCad v c cc ti liu trn Internet. - Nhn cc h tr k thut t nh cung cp sn phm.



2.1.3 Cu trc d liu v t chc d liu c bn ca 1 bn v thit k.

2.1.3.1 Cu trc d liu hnh hc - Cc i tng n: Gm cc i tng ring l v c cc thuc tnh ring: Line,

rectangle, circle, text. - Cc i tng nhm: Gm 2 hoc nhiu cc i tng n to thnh 1 nhm: Block,

region, bhatch.

2.1.3.2 Cu trc d liu phi hnh hc - Layer - Dimstyle - TextStyle - LineStyle - Model (Model Space) - Layout (Paper Space)

2.2 ng dng AutoCAD thit lp cc bn v thit k 2D.

2.2.1 Gii thiu chng trnh AutoCad 2002 Giao din AutoCad 2002 bao gm:

- Interface - Menu - Toolbar - Command

2.2.2 Thit lp cc thng s c bn ca bn v.

2.2.2.1 Thit lp cc thng s c bn cho bn v. - n v s dng khi v i vi cc bn v k thut trong AutoCad: mm - Thit lp cc thng s c bn ca bn v, s dng cc lnh:

Units Limits

2.2.2.2 Cc lnh v mn hnh. - Cc lnh phng to, thu nh mn hnh (Zoom):



- Cc lnh v di chuyn mn hnh (Pan):

2.3 Phng php xy dng cc i tng c bn trong khng gian 2D.

2.3.1 Xy dng cc i tng hnh hc - H to trong AutoCAD. - Truy bt im trong AutoCad - To cc i tng trong AutoCad:

Cc i tng n: - Line - Ray - Xline - Polyline

----------------------------------------------- - Polygon - Rectangle

----------------------------------------------- - Circle - Arc - Donut - Elip - Spline

----------------------------------------------- - Point

----------------------------------------------- - Text

----------------------------------------------- - Dimension

Cch to cc i tng nhm: - Block: Block, Attribute - External Reference - Region - Hatch

2.3.2 Xy dng cc i tng phi hnh hc - Layer



- Dimstyle - TextStyle - LineStyle

2.3.3 Gii thiu cc bin h thng trong AutoCad - Bin h thng cho lnh mirror: MIRRTEXT - Bin h thng cho lnh chamfer: CHAMFERA, CHAMFERB - Bin h thng cho lnh polygon: POLYSIDES - Bin h thng cho lnh fillet: FILLETRAD - Bin h thng cho lnh au to save: SAVETIME - Bin h thng cho lnh donut: DONUTID - Bin h thng cho lnh linetype scale: PSLTSCALE - ..

2.4 Qun l v hiu chnh cc thuc tnh ca i tng 2D.

2.4.1 Hiu chnh cc i tng n - Properties

----------------------------------------------- - Object:

Polyline Spline Text: Single Text, MultiText

----------------------------------------------- - Eare - Copy - Mirror - Offset - Array

----------------------------------------------- - Move - Rotate - Scale - Stretch

----------------------------------------------- - Trim - Extend - Break - Chamfer - Fillet

2.4.2 Hiu chnh cc i tng nhm - Hiu chnh Block



- Hiu chnh Attribute

2.4.3 Trao i d liu vi cc bn v 2D khc. - Copy i tng t cc bn v khc - Insert External Block

2.4.4 T chc trang in. - To Layout - Hiu chnh layout - Thit lp t l cho layout

2.5 Lm vic vi my in. - Thit lp cc thng s c bn vi my in - To file nh dng in mu

2.6 T chc, qun l bn v v tu bin AutoCAD.

2.6.1 T chc bn v. Thit lp cc chun cho bn v:

- Tn bn v v cc tm tt lin quan v s hu - Block: Tn Block, im chn - Layer: Phm vi p dng, tn, mu, kiu nt v c nt - Dimstyle: Thit lp cc nh dng chun cho Dimenstion Style - TextStyle: Thit lp cc nh dng chun cho Text Style - Line Style: Thit lp cc nh dng chun cho Line Style bao gm: Kiu ng v t l

ng nt khi hin th.

2.6.2 Qun l bn v qun l bn v trc khi in n ngi dng cn thm thng tin sau cho bn v:

- Ngy xut bn bn v - Cc ghi ch v cc ln chnh sa v ni dung chnh sa ca bn v - Cc ni dung chnh ca bn v, cc tiu chun k thut p dng cho cc kt cu trong bn

v Gii thiu cng c AutoCad Design Center trong qun l cc i tng phi hnh hc ca bn v v trao i d liu vi cc bn v AutoCad khc.

2.6.3 Tu bin AutoCAD. - Tu bin cc lnh v trong AutoCAD. - Tu bin thanh cng c. - To lnh tt v phm tt cho cc lnh.

2.7 Lm vic vi cc h thng CAD khc trong AutoCAD

2.7.1 Nhp v xut cc nh dng file khc Cc file nh dng ca AutoCad:



*.dwg: File bn v ca AutoCad. *.dxf: File bn v cu trc bn v dui dng text *.dws: File bn v theo chun thit k *.dwt: File bn v Template *.wmf: File nh vector *.bmp: File nh bitmap *.3ds: File s liu chng trnh 3Dmax

2.7.2 Trao i d liu vi cc chng trnh ng dng khc Trao i d liu bng tnh t Excel sang AutoCad Trao i bn v t AutoCad sang Excel, Word Trao i file bn v (*.dxf) vi cc chng trnh tnh ton kt cu:

- Vi chng trnh Midas/Civil - Vi chng trnh Sap2000 - Vi chng trnh GeoSlope

2.7.3 Lm vic vi nh Raster Insert\ Raster Image

2.8 Kt ni ng dng AutoCAD trn Internet (Tham kho).



Chng:

3 HNG DN S DNG PHN MM EXCEL

Mc ch: Gip cho sinh vin hiu c nguyn tc thc hin v hon thin 1 bng tnh trn Excel. Hiu c nguyn tc, cc k nng c bn ca cc hm trong bng tnh, qun l d liu trong bng tnh, cch trnh by cc biu trong bng tnh...

Ni dung:

3.1 Gii thiu MS Excel ng dng trong thit k.

3.1.1 Gii thiu cc tnh nng c bn ca phn mm MS Excel. Cc lu khi s dng chng trnh Excel:

- S ct ti a - S dng ti a

3.1.2 Cc phng php hc MS Excel. - Hc t nh phn phi: Hu ht cc nh phn phi u c km theo cc kho o to c bn

hoc chuyn su khi ngi dng mua sn phn MSoffice. - Tham gia mt kho o to: Vit nam bn c th ng k tham gia cc kho o to ti

cc trng i hc hoc cc trung tm tin hc chuyn o to chuyn su v MSoffice. - Hc t ngi dng khc: Phng php ny thng t c hiu qu nht nu ngi dng

bit cn bn v Excel. Nu trong vn phng c nhiu ngi s dng Excel bn c th chia s thng tin v th thut vi h.

- Nhn cc h tr k thut t nh cung cp sn phm khi nng cp sn phm MSoffice.

3.1.3 Cu trc d liu v t chc d liu c bn ca 1 bng tnh Excel. - Workbook - Worksheet - Cell

3.2 nh dng 1 bng tnh.

3.2.1 nh dng s v vn bn:

3.2.1.1 nh dng s: Excel cho php dng cc loi nh dng s sau:



Ch : Excel ch lu c 15 ch s u tin ca gi tr ( trc v sau du thp phn)

3.2.1.2 nh dng vn bn: Cch nhp nh dng di dng k t Ch :

- S k t ti a ca 1 l 1024 - Khi nhp gi tr dng vn bn ch cch nhp di dng List nhp cc k t trng nhau

3.2.1.3 nh dng ca min d liu: Bao gm cc dng nh dng sau:

3.2.2 nh dng hin th ni dung ca Cell, Sheet

3.2.2.1 Hin th cng thc ca Cell

3.2.2.2 a ch ca Cell a ch tng i a ch tuyt i t tn cho gi tr ca Cell

3.2.2.3 Thm ghi ch cho Cell Insert\Comment

3.2.3 Thit lp cc tu chn khng gian lm vic son tho - Chn hng - Chn ct - nh dng chiu cao hng - nh dng chiu cao ct - n/Hin th hng, ct - To v xo Worksheet

3.3 Phn tch d liu

3.3.1 Nhp cng thc trong bng tnh Cc cng thc l nn tng v sc mnh ca Cell. V MSExcel cho php nhp cng thc vo cc bng tnh, tnh ton v hin th ngay kt qu.



Trnh t nhp cng thc vo bng tnh: - Chn mun t cng thc - G du = hoc + bt u nhp cng thc - Nhp cng thc - t ch tnh ton t ng hoc khng t ng cho Excel:

Cc cng thc, ton t n gin:

Ton t Cng thc + Php cng - Php tr * Php nhn / Php chia ^ Php lu tha % Php ly %

Cc cng thc, ton t boolean: Ton t Cng thc > Php so snh ln hn < Php so snh nh hn >= Php so snh ln hn hoc bng



3.3.2 Cc gi tr li thng gp khi nhp cc cng thc cha ng: Gi tr li Miu t #Div/0! Php tnh chia khng xc nh (do chia cho 0) #N/A! Php tnh cung cp gi tr li #NAME? Cng thc s dng tn hoc khng c xc nh (tn hm vit

sai hoc chui vn bn khng c du #NULL Cng thc tham chiu 1 khng c trong Excel #NUM Mt i s khng hp l c cung cp cho hm (Kt qu l qu

ln hoc qu nh hin th trong Excel #REF Cng thc tham chiu cc khng cn tn ti do b xo #VALUE Cng thc s dng cc ton hng hoc cc i s sai

3.3.3 Sao chp cc cng thc - Sao chp bng lnh Copy - S dng phm tt: Ctrl+D

3.4 Cc hm c bn trong bng tnh

3.4.1 Gii thiu Trong Excel c khong 350 hm trong Excel c khong 200 hm v 150 hm c trong ToolPak. Cch ci t ToolPak: Tools\Add-Ins

Hm trong ToolPak: Cc hm k thut: Engineering

3.4.2 Cch kim tra cng thc xy dng v kim tra li - Kim tra li: S dng cng c Erro checking



- Kim tra cng thc xy dng: S dng cng c trong Formula Auditing - Kim tra gi tr ca khi ch bit a ch ca : S dng cng c Go To hoc Go

To Special

3.4.3 Xy dng cc hm c bn trong bng tnh

3.4.3.1 Hm ton hc: ABS DEGREES RADIANS INT MOD ODD PI() POWER ROUND SQRT SUM TRUNC



3.4.3.2 Hm lng gic: SIN, ASIN COS, ACOS TAN, ATAN

3.4.3.3 Hm Logarit: EXP LN LOG LOG10

3.4.3.4 Hm lin quan n ngy, gi DATE DAY TODAY MONTH YEAR TIME SECOND MINUTE HOUR

3.4.3.5 Hm lin quan n mng: - Hm chuyn i hng thnh ct - Hm chuyn ct thnh hng - Hm tnh gi tr ca nh thc trong ma trn - Hm chuyn tr ma trn - Hm nghch o ma trn

3.4.3.6 Hm do ngi dng nh ngha: - Cch xy dng hm do ngi dung nh ngha - Cch s dng cc hm do ngi dng nh ngha

3.4.4 Cc hm phn tch iu kin gi nh

3.4.4.1 Hm tm kim theo iu kin gi nh: - Hm SUMIF:



- VLOOKUP:

- HLOOKUP:



3.4.4.2 Hm phn tch theo iu kin gi nh - Hm IF:

- Hm AND:



- Hm OR:

3.4.5 Hm tm mc tiu: Goal Seek, Solver

3.4.5.1 Hm tm mc tiu Goal Seek Mc ch ca hm Goal Seek l tnh ton 1 gi tr cha bit tm 1 kt qu nh mong mun.

Trong :

Set cell: Hm mc tiu cn t c vi 1 gi tr n s cha bit To value: Gi tr ca hm mc tiu cn t theo mong mun By changing cell: Kt qu ca gi tr cn tm

Ch : Cng c Goal Seek ch gii cho nhng bi ton c 1 bin cha bit. Theo mc nh lnh Goal Seek s dng vic tm kim khi t c 100 ln lpv t ti chnh xc 0.001 (theo gi tr mc nh ca chng trnh). t c chnh xc cao hn cn thay i gi tr mc nh trong Option:



3.4.5.2 Hm tm mc tiu Solver Solver l hm c ci vi Add-In:

Khc vi Goal seek cng c Solver c th gii quyt nhng vn lin quan n nhiu cha bin cha bit.



Ch : Khi kt qu tm kim khng thnh cng Solver s bo cho bn khng tm c kt qu ti u

3.5 Biu

3.5.1 Cc k thut biu c bn

3.5.1.1 Cch to biu C 2 cch to biu :

- Insert\ Chart

- Hoc nhp vo biu tng trn thanh cng c

3.5.1.2 Cc bc to biu Bc 1: Chn kiu biu



Bc 2: Xc nh c s d liu cho biu

Bc 3: La chn cc tu chn cho biu

Bc 4: Chn v tr t biu :



3.5.2 Thay i cch hin th ca biu - Thay i kiu ng cho cc trc ca biu - Thay i t l hin th ca cc trc trong biu - Thay i Font ch hin th cho biu - Thay i tn biu - Hin thi li theo cc trc - Thay i nn cho biu

3.5.3 Cc d liu ca biu - Thay i d liu cho biu - Tm hm xp x cho tp hp cc d liu trong biu :

S dng cng c TrendLine trong biu :



3.5.4 In n biu

3.6 In n bng tnh

3.6.1 Thit lp cc thng s cho trang in - Xc nh cc vng d liu c nh cho nhiu trang in - Xc nh vng d liu cn in:

- Thm Head and Footer cho trang in:

- Chn tn trang cho trang in:



3.6.2 Thit lp cc thng s cho my in

3.7 Kt ni vi cc chng trnh CAD khc

3.7.1 Kt ni vi chng trnh AutoCad. S dng file *.wmf ca AutoCad trong Excel S dng bng tnh khi lng ca Excel trong AutoCad

3.7.2 Kt ni vi chng trnh Word S dng bng tnh khi lng ca Excel trong Word



PH LC THAM KHO PH LC A:

Bng lnh tt trong AutoCad Lnh tt Tn lnh Ghi ch

A ARC AA AREA AL ALIGN AP APPLOAD AR ARRAY AT ATTEDIT B BLOCK

BE BURST BH BHATCH BO BOUNDARY BR BREAK CR CIRCLE CH PROPERTIES

CHA CHAMFER COL COLOR CP COPY CL XLINE D DIMSTYLE

DAL DIMALIGNED DAN DIMANGULAR DBA DIMBASELINE DBC DBCONNECT DCE DIMCENTER DC DIMCONTINUE DD DIMDIAMETER DL QLEADER DE DIMEDIT DI DIST

DIV DIVIDE DLI DIMLINEAR DO DONUT

DOR DIMORDINATE DOV DIMOVERRIDE DR DRAWORDER

DRA DIMRADIUS DS DSETTINGS

DST DIMSTYLE DAL DIMALIGNED DT DTEXT DV DVIEW E ERASE

ED DDEDIT EL ELLIPSE EX EXTEND

EXIT QUIT EXT EXTRUDE

F FILLET R RAY



Lnh tt Tn lnh Ghi ch FI FILTER G GROUP

GR DDGRIPS H BHATCH

HE HATCHEDIT HI HIDE I INSERT

IAD IMAGEADJUST IAT IMAGEATTACH ICL IMAGECLIP IM IMAGE

IMP IMPORT IN INTERSECT

INF INTERFERE IO INSERTOBJ L LINE

LA LAYER LF LAYOFF LL LAYLCK LU LAYULK LC LAYCUR LO LAYON

LEN LENGTHEN LI LIST LS LIST LT LINETYPE

LTS LTSCALE LW LWEIGHT M MOVE

MA MATCHPROP ME MEASURE MI MIRROR ML MLINE MO PROPERTIES MS MSPACE MD DDEDIT MV MVIEW O OFFSET

OP OPTIONS ORBIT 3DORBIT

OS OSNAP P PAN

PA PASTESPEC PE PEDIT PL PLINE PO POINT

POL POLYGON PR OPTIONS

PRE PREVIEW PRINT PLOT

PS PSPACE PU PURGE RR RAY



Lnh tt Tn lnh Ghi ch RA REDRAWALL RE REGEN

REA REGENALL REC RECTANGLE REG REGION REN RENAME REV REVOLVE RM DDRMODES RO ROTATE

RPR RPREF RR RENDER S STRETCH

SC SCALE SCR SCRIPT SE DSETTINGS

SEC SECTION SET SETVAR SHA SHADE SL SLICE SN SNAP SO SOLID SP SPELL

SPL SPLINE SPE SPLINEDIT SU SUBTRACT TK TEXTMASK TM TXT2MTXT TA _.ARCTEXT T MTEXT

TA TABLET TH THICKNESS TI TILEMODE TO TOOLBAR

TOL TOLERANCE TOR TORUS TR TRIM UC DDUCS

UCP DDUCSP UN UNITS UNI UNION

V VIEW VP DDVPOINT W WBLOCK

WE WEDGE XP EXPLODE X X-DIMEXT Y Y-DIMEXT

XA XATTACH XB XBIND XC XCLIP XL XLINE XR XREF Z ZOOM



Lnh tt Tn lnh Ghi ch ST STYLE

LTY LINETYPE EXP EXPLORER NTD NOTEPAD

PBRUSH PBRUSH CTA CALC EXL EXCEL WD WINWORD

Lnh gi cc ng dng khc



PH LC B: Bng lnh tt trong Excel

STT Tn lnh Phm tt Ghi ch I Lnh v Workbook 1 To sheet mi SHIFT+F11 or

ALT+SHIFT+F1

2 i tn Sheet ALT+O H R 3 Copy hoc di chuyn Sheet ALT+E M 4 Xo Sheet hin hnh ALT+E L 5 Hin th hp thoi Go To F5 6 Hin th hp thoi Find SHIFT+F5 II Hiu chnh d liu 1 Hin th hp thoi FormatCell CTRL+1 2 Thay i a ch ca F4 3 Thay i s sang dng % CTRL+SHIFT+% 4 Thay i s sang dng ngy

thng CTRL+SHIFT+#

5 n cc hng chn CTRL+9 6 Hin th cc hng chn CTRL+SHIFT+( 7 n cc ct chn CTRL+0 8 Hin th cc ct chn CTRL+SHIFT+) 9 Chn d liu ca ct CTRL+SPACEBAR 10 Chn d liu ca hng SHIFT+SPACEBAR

III nh ngha tn bin CTRL+F3 IV Kim tra cng thc tnh F2 1 Hin th hp thoi ca hm SHIFT+F3 2 Hin th hp thoi Spelling F7 V Cc lnh lin quan n th 1 To mi th F11 or ALT+F1



NI DUNG KIM TRA I. Ni dung Gm 2 ni dung: 1. Bo co thc tp trong qu trnh tham quan ti cng trng 2. Bi tp thc hnh AutoCad v Excel

2.1. Bi tp thc hnh AutoCad S liu theo do sinh vin chn V 1 bn v thit k cu hoc ng theo cc quy nh sau: - T l bn v: ng theo yu cu - Layer:

Gm cc Layer sau: LaTim LaKhuat LaBao LaCotthep LaText LaDim LaKhungbv

- Text style: TxTenbv TxGhichu TxDim

- Dimmension Style: Theo thng nht chung: Dim100, Dim75, Dim50.

- Line Style: Continous Hidden Center

2.2. Bi tp thc hnh Excel Lp bng tnh ton ni lc ca kt cu dm gin n: S liu tinh ton do sinh vin chn bao gm: - S liu mt ct, hnh hc - S liu v vt liu - S liu v ti trng Kt qu bo co l 1 bng tnh Excel theo ni dung yu cu sau: - Sheet1: Nhp s liu: Nhp s liu v hnh hc, vt liu, ti trng (ti trng cho trc l

tnh ti GII: 500kg/m) - Sheet2: Tnh c trng hnh hc ca mt ct



- Sheet3: Tra ti trng tng ng ca hot ti ti cc mt ct cn tnh ton. - Sheet4: V v tnh din tch ng nh hng ni lc (M,Q) ti cc mt ct: ti gi,

Ltt/8, Ltt/4, Ltt/2. - Sheet5: Tnh ton ni lc (M,Q) ti cc mt ct: ti gi, Ltt/8, Ltt/4, Ltt/2 (vi s liu cho

trc v h s phn b ngang (t: 0.5, xe nng: 0.4, ngi: 0.6). II. Hnh thc kim tra Kim tra trn my v vn p Ni dung nh gi:

bo co thc tp ti cng trng (kim tra vn p): 20% bi tp thc hnh (kim tra trn my v vn p): 80%

Thi gian kim tra: i vi lp THTKC K43: Ngy 5/11/2005.

bai giang cad excel 3378

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