bacha khan university charsadda department of mathematics

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Bacha Khan University Charsadda

Department of Mathematics & Statistics

Discipline of Physics

Scheme of Studies for Two-Year Associate Degree Program

AD PHYSICS

First Year: First Semester

First Year: Second Semester

Second Year: Third Semester

Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours

ELL-311 English I: Functional English Gen Ed 03

PS-321 Pakistan Studies Gen Ed 03

CS-311 QR-1 (Introduction to ICT) Gen Ed 03

NS-I* Gen Ed 03

PHY-311 Mechanics-I Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-312 Electricity and Magnetism-I Subject-Specific 03

Total Credit Hours 18


ELL-321 English II: Composition Writing Gen Ed 03

IS-312 Islamic Studies Gen Ed 03

Arts and Humanities-I (Languages) Gen Ed 03

SOC -313 SS-1 (Citizenship Education and

community Engagement)

Gen Ed 03

PHY-321 Mechanics-II Subject-Specific 03

PHY-322 Electricity and Magnetism-II Subject-Specific 03(2+1)


Course code Course title Course type Credit

hours

ELL-411 English III: Academic Reading and Writing Gen Ed 03

NS-II * Gen Ed 03

PHIL-302 QR-II (Logic and Quantitative Reasoning) Gen Ed 03

PHY-411 Waves and Oscillation Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-412 Heat and thermodynamics Subject-Specific 03

MATH-404 Discrete Structures Subject-Specific 03


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Second Year: Fourth Semester


Arts and Humanities-II Gen Ed 03

Social Sciences - II Gen Ed 03

PHY-421 Modern Physics Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-422 Optics Subject-Specific 03

PHY-423 Cosmology/Relativity Subject-Specific 03

Internship PLL Non-Credit Hour

Entrepreneurship/Youth Club/ Sports PLL Non-Credit Hour


Arts and Humanities

I. Pashto, Urdu, Arabic, Turkish, Chinese or any other language

II. Islamic History and Culture, Philosophy, History, Education, Home Economics or any other

approved course of BKUC

Social science II

Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Law , or any other approved Basic course

of BKUC

Natural Sciences (any two subjects may be selected from the following disciplines)

Mathematics, Statistics, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Physics, Geography, GIS, Geology,

Electronics, Geophysics, computer, (or any other approved Basic Course of BKUC)

Minimum Credit Hours required = 60

Total Credit Hours = 69

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Semester 1st

ELL-311 ENGLISH–I: FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH Credit Hours: Three (3)

Course Description

The subject aims to enhance the students' ability in the meaningful use of grammatical structures.

Students will be able to use the targeted grammatical structures meaningfully and appropriately

both in oral and written production.

Course Objectives

1. To enable students to identify main/topic sentences.

2. To teach them to use effective strategies while reading texts.

3. To acquaint them with cohesive devices and their function in the text.

Course Contents

• Vocabulary (Frequently confused / misused words, Phrases, synonyms, antonyms, idioms

& General vocabulary),

• Practical Use of Grammar (Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions,

Conjunctions, Articles, Interjections & Tenses),

• Transitive and Intransitive verbs

• Punctuations, 14 American English Punctuations.

• Sentences (Types of sentences, Parts of sentences, Direct and Indirect Speech, Active &

Passive Voice & Conditional Sentences),

• Composition + Summarization (Describing, Narrating, Argumentation, Short / long

Composition)

• Comprehension + Précis writing.

• Phrase, Types of Phrase

• Clause, Types of Clause

Recommended Books

• High School English Grammar & Composition by Wren and Martin.

• Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson & A.V. Martinet. Exercises 1 & 2. 3rd

edition. Oxford University Press.

• Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand& Francoise Grellet.

Oxford Supplementary Skills. 4th

Impression 1993.

• Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brian Tomilson & Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills.

3rd

Impression 1992.


ELL-311 English I: Functional English Gen Ed 03

PS-321 Pakistan Studies Gen Ed 03

CS-311 QR-1 (Introduction to ICT) Gen Ed 03

NS-I* Gen Ed 03

PHY-311 Mechanics-I Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-312 Electricity and Magnetism-I Subject-Specific 03


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PS-321 PAKISTAN STUDIES

Credit Hours: Three (3)

Course Objectives:

Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics, contemporary Pakistan,

ideological background of Pakistan and to Study the process of governance, national

development, issues arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.

Course Contents:

Historical Perspective

Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Factors leading to Muslim separatism

People and Land

i. Indus Civilization

ii. Muslim advent

iii. Location and geo-physical features.

Government and Politics in Pakistan

Political and constitutional phases:

1947-58

1958-71

1971-77

1977-88

1988-99

1999 onward

Contemporary Pakistan

Economic institutions and issues

Society and social structure

Ethnicity

Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges

Futuristic outlook of Pakistan

COURSE RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Amin, Tahir. (1999). Ethno-National Movement in Pakistan. Islamabad: Institute of Policy

Studies, Islamabad.

2. Burke,S.M and Ziring,Lawrence. (1993). Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An Historical analysis.

Karachi: Oxford University Press,

3. Mehmood, Safdar. (2001). Pakistan Kayyun Toota. Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-e-Islamia.

Club Road Press.

4. Mehmood, Safdar. (1994). Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore.

5. Waseem ,Muhammad. (1987). Pakistan Under Martial Law. Lahore: Vanguard.

6. Zaidi,Akbar. S.( 2000). Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

CS-311 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER


Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):

At the end of the course the students will be able to: Domain BT Level*

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Understand basics of computing technology (Knowledge)

Have knowledge of types of software (Understand)

Have knowledge of computing related technologies

Have practical knowledge of use of computer and MS office.

C

C

C

C

1

2

2

3

* BT= Bloom’s Taxonomy, C=Cognitive domain, P=Psychomotor domain, A= Affective

domain

Course Content:

Introduction:

Brief history of Computer, Basic Computer Elements and computer types

(Super, Mainframe, Mini and Micro), Digital and Analogue Computer

Computer Hardware:

(Input Devices, processor, Output Devices)

Storage Devices:

(Register, Cache, RAM, ROM, HDD, optical Storage devices (CD, DVD, Blue

rays), Cloud)

Computer Software:

System Software (Operating System, Device Drivers and Language processor)

Application software

Computer Network:

Types of Computer Network (LAN, MAN, WAN), Topologies (Bus, Star, Ring

Mesh), Clint, Server, Hub, Switch, Router

Internet and WWW:

Basic Structure of Internet, Web page, Website, Web application, Web Browser,

Search engine, email, cyber security

MS Word

MS Power Point

MS Excel

Basics of program relevant tools

Teaching Methodology:

Lectures, Written Assignments, Practical labs, Semester Project, Presentations

Course Assessment:

Sessional Exam, Home Assignments, Quizzes, Project, Presentations, Final Exam

Reference Materials:

1. Charles S. Parker, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, Course Technology, 25

Thomson Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA

2. Livesley, Robert Kenneth. An introduction to automatic digital computers. Cambridge

University Press, 2017.

3. Zawacki-Richter, Olaf, and Colin Latchem. "Exploring four decades of research in

Computers & Education." Computers & Education 122 (2018): 136-152.

4. Sinha, Pradeep K., and Priti Sinha. Computer fundamentals. BPB publications, 2010.

5. Goel, Anita. Computer fundamentals. Pearson Education India, 2010.

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PHY-311 MECHANICS-1


Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the different motions of

objects on a macroscopic scale and to develop simple mathematical

formalisms to analyze such motions. This is a calculus-based introductory

course with maximum emphasis on applying the acquired knowledge to

solving problems.

Basic Concepts: Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Changing Units,

Vector Analysis:Review of Vector in 3dimension and fundamental Operations, Directions,

Cosines, Spherical polar coordinates, Cylindrical coordinates. Adding Vectors: Graphical as

well as Component Method, Multiplying Vectors: Dot and Cross Products. Vector and Scalar

triple products, gradient of a vector, Divergence and curl of a vector, Physical significance of

each type, Divergence of a vector, flux, curl, and line integral (mutual relation). Vector identities.

Particle Dynamics: Position & Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration, Motion under

Constant Acceleration, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion, Relative Velocity and

Acceleration in One and Two Dimensions, Inertial and Non-Inertial Reference Frames. Effect of

drag force on motion. Applying Newton’s Law to obtain v(t) for the case of motion with time

dependent (integration approach) drag (viscous) forces, terminal velocity. Newton’s Laws of

Motion and their Applications involving some particular forces including Weight, Normal Force,

Tension, Friction, and Centripetal Force

Work and Kinetic Energy: Work done by Constant and Variable Forces: Gravitational and

Spring Forces, Power, Conservative and Nonconservative Forces, Work and Potential Energy,

Isolated Systems and Conservation of Mechanical Energy, Work Done by External Forces

including Friction and Conservation of Energy

System of Particles: Motion of a System of Particles and Extended Rigid Bodies, Center of

Mass and Newton’s Laws for a System of Particles, Linear Momentum, Impulse, Momentum &

Kinetic Energy in One and Two Dimensional Elastic and Inelastic Collisions

Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): Amplitude, Phase, Angular Frequency, Velocity and

Acceleration in SHM, Linear and Angular Simple Harmonic Oscillators, Energy in SHM, Simple

Pendulum, Physical Pendulum, SHM and Uniform Circular Motion, Damped Harmonic

Oscillator

PHY-312 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-I

Pre-requisite: Mechanics, Calculus I

Co-requisite: Calculus II


Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the Physics of

Electromagnetism and to develop simple mathematical formalisms to

analyze the electromagnetic fields and interactions. This is a calculus-

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based introductory course with maximum emphasis on applying the

acquired knowledge to solving problems.

Electrostatics: Electric Charge, Conductors and Insulators, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Fields due

to a Point Charge and an Electric Dipole, Electric Field due to a Charge Distribution, Electric

Dipole in an Electric Field, Electric Flux, Gauss’ Law and its Applications in Planar, Spherical

and Cylindrical Symmetry

Electric Potential: Equipotential Surfaces, Potential due to a Point Charge and a Group of Point

Charges, Potential due to an Electric Dipole, Potential due to a Charge Distribution, Relation

between Electric Field and, Electric Potential Energy

Capacitors and Capacitance: Parallel Plate, Cylindrical and Spherical capacitors, Capacitors in

Series and Parallel, Energy Stored in an Electric Field, Dielectrics and Gauss’ Law (1 week).

DC Circuits: Electric Current and Current Density, Resistance and Resistivity, Ohm’s Law,

Power in Electric Circuits, Semiconductors and Superconductors, Work, Energy, and EMF,

Resistances in Series and Parallel, Single and Multiloop Circuits, Kirchhoff’s Rules, RC Circuits,

Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor

Magnetic Field and Magnetic Force: Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields and their

Applications, Hall Effect, Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Wire, Torque on a Current

Loop, Magnetic Dipole Moment, Energy of Magnetic Dipole in field, Lorentz force with its

applications in CRO, Magnetic Field Due to a Current, Force between two Parallel

Currents,Ampere’s Law (integral and differential form), Gauss’s Law for Magnetism, Differntial

form of Gauss’s Law. Biot-Savart Law: Magnetic Field due to a Current, Long Straight Wire

carrying Current, Solenoids and Toroids, a current-carrying Coil as a Magnetic Dipole. Origin of

Atomic and Nuclear magnetism, Basic ideas. Bohr Magneton, Magnetization, Definition of M,

B, Magnetic materials: Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Ferromagnetism-Discussion.

Hysteresis in Ferromagnetic materials.

Recommended Text Books:

1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,

9th

ed. 2010.

2. R. A. Serway and J. W. Jewett, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers”, Golden Sunburst

Series, 8th

ed. 2010.

3. R. A. Freedman, H. D. Young, and A. L. Ford (Sears and Zeemansky), “University

Physics with Modern Physics”, Addison-Wesley-Longman, 13th

International ed. 2010.

4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw Hill.

2nd

ed. 1992.

5. D. C. Giancoli, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics”, Addison-

Wesley, 4th

ed. 2008.

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Semester 2nd

ELL-321 ENGLISH II: COMPOSITION WRITING Credit Hours: Three (3)

Course Description:

The course focuses on the basic strategies of composition and writing skills. Good writing skills

not only help students obtain good grades but also optimize their chances to excel in professional

life. The course includes modes of collecting information and arranging it in appropriate manner

such as chronological order, cause and effect, compares and contrast, general to specific etc. It

enables the students to write, edit, rewrite, redraft and proofread their own document for writing

effective compositions. Because of the use of a significant amount of written communication on

daily basis, sharp writing skills have always been valued highly in academic as well as

professional spheres.

Course Objectives:

This course aims to:

1. Assist students identify the audience, message, and the purpose of writing

2. Develop rhetorical knowledge and critical thinking

3. Enable them express themselves in a variety of writing styles

4. Help students write well organized academic texts including examination answers with

topic/thesis statement and supporting details.

5. Make students write argumentative essays and course assignments

6. Use different mechanics of writing to produce various types of compositions effectively

keeping in view the purpose and the audience

7. Demonstrate rhetorical knowledge

8. Demonstrate critical thinking in well-organized forms of academic texts

Course Contents:

• Writing Process,

• Invention in writing Process or brainstorming

• Generating Ideas (collecting information in various forms such as mind maps, tables,

lists, charts etc)

• Identifying Audience, Purpose, and Message,

• Ordering Information,

• Chronology for a narrative,

• Stages of a process,

• Deductive vs Inductive approach in writing

• Comparison and contrast,

• Problem solution pattern,

• Drafting,


ELL-321 English II: Composition Writing Gen Ed 03

IS-312 Islamic Studies Gen Ed 03

Arts and Humanities-I (Languages) Gen Ed 03

SOC -313 SS-1 (Citizenship Education and

community Engagement)

Gen Ed 03

PHY-321 Mechanics-II Subject-Specific 03

PHY-322 Electricity and Magnetism-II Subject-Specific 03(2+1)


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• Free Writing,

• Revising, Editing, Paraphrasing,

• Cohesion and Coherence, Cohesive Devices,

• Paragraph unity, Summary and Précis Writing,

• Creative Writing, Essay Writing,

• Developing a thesis, writing effective introduction and conclusion

• Organizing an essay, different types of essays, use of various rhetorical modes including

exposition, argumentation and analysis

Recommended Books

Critical Reading and Writing: An Introductory Course by Goatly, A. 2000. London: Taylor

& Francis

A Writer’s Reference by Hacker, D. 1992. 2nd ed. Boston: St. Martin’s

Study writing: A course in written English for academic and professional purposes. by

Hamp-Lyons, L. & Heasley, B. 1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Oxford English for Undergraduates by Howe, D. H, Kirkpatrick, T. A. & Kirkpatrick, D. L.

2004. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

• Patterns for College Writing: Fourth Edition. Kirszner, L.G & Mandell, S.R. 1989 USA:

St. Martin’s Press, Inc.

• Write to be Read: Reading, Reflection and Writing by Smazler, W. R. 1996. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

IS-312: ISLAMIC STUDIES Credit Hours: Three (3)

Course Objectives:

This course is aimed at:

1. To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies

2. To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic Civilization

3. To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships

4. To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues related to faith and

religious life.

Course Contents:

Introduction to Quranic Studies

Basic Concepts of Quran

History of Quran

Uloom-ul -Quran

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran

Verses of Surah Al-Baqra Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)

Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi(Verse No-1-18)

Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of faithful (Verse No-1-11)

Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-77)

Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam(Verse No-152-154)

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran

Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse No.6,21,40,56,57,58.)

Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of Judgment

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Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar,Tadabar (Verse No-1,14)

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I

Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)

Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah

Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II

Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina

Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina

Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina

Introduction ToSunnah

Basic Concepts of Hadith

History of Hadith

Kinds of Hadith

Uloom –ul-Hadith

Sunnah& Hadith

Legal Position of Sunnah

Introduction To Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence

Nature of Differences in Islamic Law

Islam and Sectarianism

Islamic Culture & Civilization

Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Historical Development of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization

Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary Issues

Islam & Science

Basic Concepts of Islam & Science

Contributions of Muslims in the Development of Science

Quranic& Science

Islamic Economic System

Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System

Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics

Islamic Concept of Riba

Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce

Political System of Islam

Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System

Islamic Concept of Sovereignty

Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam

Islamic History

Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida

Period of Ummayyads

Period of Abbasids

Social System of Islam

Basic Concepts of Social System of Islam

Elements of Family

Ethical Values of Islam

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COURSE RECOMMANDED BOOKS: 1. Bhatia, H.S. (1989). Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society. New Delhi: Deep &

Deep Publications.

2. Hasan, Ahmad. (1993) .Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. Islamabad: Islamic Research

Institute, IIU.

3. Waliullah, Mir. (1982). Muslim Jrisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes. Lahore:

Islamic Book Service.

4. Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad. (2001). Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia. Islamabad: Allama

Iqbal Open University.

SOC-313 CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT


Course Objectives: The overall objectives of this course are to:

Teach students the importance and role of active citizenship in promoting a productive,

harmonious and developed society/world

Educate students about the importance of concepts, skills and philosophy of community

linkages in developing a sustainable society

Inculcate the importance of community involvement for ensuring an improved, tolerant

and generative society/world

Provide an opportunity to the students to develop their relationship with the community

Learning Outcomes: The primary outcome is inclusive development through active citizenship locally and globally,.

Moreover, the following are the detailed outcomes of the course based on the three domains of

Bloom’s Taxonomy i.e Affective, Psychomotor and Cognitive. The students will be able to:

Understand the overall organization of the society

Recognize and exercise their rights, responsibilities and the significance of active

citizenship in positive societal development

Identify and critically evaluate social issues and implement practicable community based

solutions

Understand the concept of human rights and its significance

Appreciate diverse viewpoints and inter-cultural harmony

Course Outline:

Introduction to Citizenship Education and Community Engagement

Meaning & History

Attributes of Active Citizenship

Different Approach

i. Republican Approach

ii. Liberal Approach

iii. Cosmopolitan Approach

Dimensions of Active Citizenship

i. Rights

ii. Membership

iii. Participation

iv. Identity

Identity, Culture, and Social Harmony

Sociological Theories of Self Formation

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i. Sigmund Freud Theory

ii. George Herbert Mead Theory

iii. Charles Horton Cooley Theory

Cultural & Religious Harmony

Pluralism & Diversity

Democracy & Democratic Norms

Concept and Development of Identity

Components of Cultural and Social Harmony

Inter-Cultural Dialogue (me versus you)

Principles & Purpose

Ability to Support, learn and share through dialogue

Policy Dialogue (encourage young people to share their opinion and perspective with

policy makers and opinion makers.

Local & Global Communities

Concept of Community

Needs, Issues & Conflicts

Conflict Resolution

Communication & Networking

Social Cohesion

Social Capital

Social Networking

Advocacy

Social Entrepreneurship & Partnership

Social Action Planning

Skills in Project Planning & Management

Project Cycle

Stakeholder Analysis

Problem Identification

Writing Project Plan

Monitoring & Evaluation

Risk Analysis

Population Dynamics in Pakistan

Population Growth Pakistan

Factors Behind High Fertility Rate

i. Legislative Actions

ii. Dearth of Medical Facilities

iii. Delayed VS Early Age Marriages

iv. Poverty

v. Women Empowerment

vi. Spreading Awareness

vii. Providing Incentives

Population Theory

How to Control Population Growth

Text and Reference Books:

Core Readings:

Larsen, A. K., Sewpaul, V., & Hole, G. O. (Eds.). (2013). Participation in community

work: International perspectives. Routledge.

Alan, T. (2008). Community work, London: Palgrave Macmillan.

British Council, (2017) Active Citizen’s Social Action Projects Guide (Scotland: British

Council.

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Kaye, C. B. (2004). The complete guide to service learning: Proven, practical ways to

engage students in civic responsibility, academic curriculum, & social action. Free Spirit

Publishing.

Hans, R. (1993). Population Studies, Indian Council of Social Science Research, New

Delhi.

Demeny, P., McNicoll, G., & Hodgson, D. (2003). Encyclopedia of population. Hodgson,

Dennis (2003). Contemporary Population Thought.

Peterson, W. (1975). Population, New York, Macmillan.

Srinivasan, K. (1998). Basic demographic techniques and applications. SAGE

Publications Pvt. Limited.

Todaro, M. P. (1977). Economic Development in the Third World: An introduction to

problems and policies in a global perspective. Pearson Education.

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe – Official Web site

UNO (2000). Population Trends, World Population Monitoring, Population growth

Structure and Distribution 1999. Department of Economics and Social Affairs,

Population Division, UNO.

Weeks, J. R. (1992). Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Belmart California,

Wadsworth Publishing Company

PHY-321 MECHANICS-II


Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the concept of rotational

dynamics and their various properties, and to give basic understanding of

laws of angular momentum and gravitation and gravitational is daily life.

This also give mathematical concept and expression of various physical

parameters used in mechanics.

Rotational Motion: Rotation about a Fixed Axis, Angular Position, Angular Displacement,

Angular Velocity and Angular Acceleration, Rotation under Constant Angular Acceleration,

relationship between Linear and Angular Variables, Rotational Inertia, Parallel-axis Theorem,

Torque and Newton’s Law for Rotation, Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy, Power, Rolling

Motion, Angular Momentum for a single Particle and a System of Particles, Conservation of

Angular Momentum, Precession of a Gyroscope, Static Equilibrium involving Forces and

Torques, Determination of moment of inertia of various shapes i.e. for disc, bar and solid sphere

Angular Momentum: Angular Velocity, Conservation of angular momentum, effects of Torque

and its relation with angular momentum

Gravitation: Gravitational effect of a spherical mass distribution, its mathematical treatment,

Gravitational potential energy (develop using integration techniques), Newton’s Law of

Gravitation, Gravitational Potential Energy, Escape Velocity, Kepler’s Laws, Satellite Orbits &

Energy

Bulk Properties of Matters: Elastic properties of Matter, Physical basis of elasticity, Tension,

Compression and shearing. Elastic Modulus, Elastic limit. Poisson’s ratio, Relation between

three type of elasticity, Surface Tension, Viscosity, Physical basis, obtaining the Coefficient of

viscosity, practical examples of viscosity, fluid flow through cylindrical pipe (Poiseulle’s law)

Recommended Books: 1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,

9th

ed. 2010.

14


Series, 8th

ed. 2010.




4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw

Hill. 2nd

ed. 1992.


Wesley, 4th

ed. 2008.

PHY-322 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-II

Pre-requisite: Mechanics, Calculus I

Co-requisite: Calculus II


Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the inductance, and to

give the concept of alternating current circuits. To understand the use of

Gauss’s Law, Faraday Law, Ampere Law and their application. This is

also a calculus-based introductory course with maximum emphasis on

applying the acquired knowledge to solving problems.

Inductance: Faraday’s Law of Induction, Review of emf, and Lenz’s Law, induced electric

fields, Calculation and application using differential and integral form, Inductance. “Basic

definition”. Inductance of Solenoid and Toroid. Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field, Energy

Density. Induction and Energy Transfers, Inductors and Inductances, Self-Inductance, RL

Circuits, Mutual Induction. Electromagnetic Oscillation, Qualitative discussion. Quantitative

analysis using differential equations. Forced electromagnetic oscillations and resonance

Alternating Current Circuits: Alternating current, AC current in resistive, inductive and

capacitive elements. Single loop RLC circuit, Series and parallel circuits i.e. acceptor and

rejector, LC Oscillations, Damped Oscillations in an RLC circuit, Alternating Currents, Forced

Oscillations, Power in AC Circuits, Phase angles, RMS values, power factor

Electro-Magnetic Waves (Maxwell’s Equations): Summarizing the electromagnetic equations,

(Gauss’s Law for electromagnetism, Faraday Law, Ampere’s Law). Induced magnetic fields &

displacement current. Development of concepts, applications. Maxwell’s equations, (Integral &

Differential forms), Discussion and implications. Generating an electromagnetic wave. Traveling

waves and Maxwell’s equations. Analytical treatment: obtaining differential form of Maxwell’s

equations, obtaining the velocity of light from Maxwell equations. Energy transport and

Poynting Vector. Analytical treatment and discussion of physical concepts.

Recommended Text Books:

1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,

9th

ed. 2010.


Series, 8th

ed. 2010.




4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw Hill.

2nd

ed. 1992.


Wesley, 4th

ed. 2008.

15

Semester 3rd

ELL-411 ENGLISH III: ACADEMIC READING & WRITING Credit Hours: Three (3)

Course Description

This course aims at inculcating proficiency in academic writing through research. It guides

students to develop a well-argued and well documented academic paper with a clear thesis

statement, critical thinking, argumentation and synthesis of information. This course also teaches

students how to use different systems of citations and bibliography. It allows students to become

independent and efficient readers armed with appropriate skills and strategies for reading and

Comprehending texts at undergraduate level.

Course Objectives

To enable the students to:

1. Improve literal understanding, interpretation & general assimilation, and integration of

knowledge

2. Write well organized academic texts including examination answers with topic/thesis

statement and supporting details.

3. Write argumentative essays and course assignments

Course Contents:

Reading and Critical Thinking

• Read academic texts effectively by

• Using appropriate strategies for extracting information and salient points according to a

given purpose

• Identifying the main points supporting details, conclusions in a text of intermediate level

• Identifying the writer’s intent such as cause and effect, reasons, comparison and contrast,

and exemplification

• Interpreting charts and diagrams

• Making appropriate notes using strategies such as mind maps, tables, lists, graphs.

• Reading and carrying out instructions for tasks, assignments and examination questions

• Enhance academic vocabulary using skills learnt in Compulsory English I course

• Acquire efficient dictionary skills such as locating guide words, entry words, choosing

appropriate definition, and identifying pronunciation through pronunciation key,

identifying part of speech, identifying syllable division and stress patterns

• Writing Academic Texts

Organization and development of effective compositions • employ appropriate strategies for prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing as part of the

writing process

Course

code Course title

Course type Credit

hours

ELL-411 English III: Academic Reading and Writing Gen Ed 03

NS-II * Gen Ed 03

PHIL-302 QR-II (Logic and Quantitative Reasoning) Gen Ed 03

PHY-411 Waves and Oscillation Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-412 Heat and thermodynamics Subject-Specific 03

MATH-404 Discrete Structures Subject-Specific 03


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• compose coherent paragraphs, supporting central ideas with specific details

• Compose organized essays with genre-specific structure including thesis, introduction,

body, and conclusion.

• demonstrate control of key conventions of standard written English

• summarize a text objectively

• respond to a text subjectively

• analyze, synthesize, interpret, and evaluate information from multiple texts

• apply active reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, questioning, and annotating

• develop vocabulary; choose correctly among different forms of related words; evaluate

differences in diction

Recommended Books:

• English Practice Grammar (New edition with tests and answers) by Eastwood, J. 2004.

Karachi: Oxford University Press.

• Fisher, A. 2001. Critical Thinking. C UP

• Critical Reading and Writing: An Introductory Course. By Goatly, A. 2000. London:

Taylor & Francis

• A Writer's Reference. 2nd Ed. By Hacker, D. 1992. Boston: St.

Martin's

• Study writing: A course in written English for academic and professional purposes. By

Hamp-Lyons, L. & Heasley, B. 1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Oxford English for Undergraduates. By Howe, D. H, Kirkpatrick, T. A., & Kirkpatrick, D.

L. 2004. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

• Grammar in Use. By Murphy, R. 2003. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Write to be Read: Reading, Reflection and Writing. By Smazler, W. R. 1996. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

• Study Skills. By Wallace, M. 1992. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

PHIL-302 LOGIC AND QUANTITATIVE REASONING


Course contents:

Basic Logical Concepts:

Definition of Logic.

Logic as a Science and Art

The scope of Logic

Propositions, Arguments

Conclusion-indicators and Premise-indicators

The Laws of Thought

Characteristics of Induction and Deduction

The Uses of Language:

The basic uses of language

Discourse serving multiple functions

The forms of discourse

Kinds of agreement and disagreement

Fallacies:

The classification of Fallacies

Fallacy of Relevance

Fallacy of Ambiguity

Categorical Propositions:

The theory of Deduction

Classes and Categorical Propositions

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The four kinds of Categorical Proposition

Quality, Quantity and Distribution

The traditional square of opposition

Obversion, Contraposition

Symbolism and Diagrams of Categorical Proposition

Categorical Syllogism:

Standard form of Categorical Syllogism

The formal nature of Syllogistic arguments

Venn diagram technique for testing Syllogism

Syllogistic Rules and Fallacies

Exposition of the 15 Valid forms of Categorical Syllogism

Syllogism in ordinary Language:

Syllogistic Arguments

Dilemma

Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogism

Symbolic Logic:

Modern Logic and Symbolic Language

The symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction

The precise meaning of Valid and Invalid

Testing arguments on Truth Table

Science and Hypothesis:

Hypothesis

Scientific explanation and Unscientific explanation

COURSE RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Stewart, David and Blocker, Gene. H. (2006). Fundamentals of Philosophy. New

Delhi: Pearson Education.

2. Copi, Iring. M. And Cohen, Carl. (2009). Introduction to Logic. New Delhi: Pearson

Education.

3. Copi, Iring. M. , Cohen, Carl., Jetli, Priyadarshi. and Prabhakar, Monica.

(2009).Introduction to Logic. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley Pvt, Ltd.

PHY-411 WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS

Pre-requisites: Mechanics, Calculus II


Objective(s): To develop a unified mathematical theory of oscillations and waves in

physical systems

Simple and Damped Simple Harmonic Oscillation: Mass-Spring System, Simple Harmonic

Oscillator Equation, Complex Number Notation, LC Circuit, Simple Pendulum, Quality Factor,

LCR Circuit

Forced Damped Harmonic Oscillation: Steady-State Behavior, Driven LCR Circuit, Transient

Oscillator Response, Resonance

Coupled Oscillations: Two Spring-Coupled Masses, Two Coupled LC Circuits, Three Spring

Coupled Masses, Normal Modes, Atomic and Lattice Vibrations

Transverse Waves: Transverse Standing Waves, Normal Modes, General Time Evolution of a

Uniform String, Phase velocity, Group Velocity

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Longitudinal Waves: Spring Coupled Masses, Sound Waves in an Elastic Solid, Sound Waves

in an Ideal Gas

Traveling Waves: Standing Waves in a Finite Continuous Medium, Traveling Waves in an

Infinite Continuous Medium, Energy Conservation, Transmission Lines, Reflection and

Transmission at Boundaries, Electromagnetic Waves

Wave Pulses: Fourier Series and Fourier Transforms, Bandwidth, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty

Principle

Multi-Dimensional Waves: Plane Waves, Three-Dimensional Wave Equation, Laws of

Geometric Optics, Waveguides, Cylindrical Waves

Interference and Diffraction of Waves: Double-Slit Interference, Single-Slit Diffraction

Recommended Books:

1. J. Pain, “The Physics of Vibrations and Waves”, John Wiley, 6th

ed. 2005.

2. P. French, “Vibrations and Waves”, CBS Publishers (2003).

3. F. S. Crawford, Jr., “Waves and Oscillations”, Berkeley Physics Course, Vol. 3,

McGraw-Hill, 1968.

4. A. Hirose, and K .E. Lonngren, “Introduction to Wave Phenomena”, Krieger

Publications, 2003.

PHY-412 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS

Pre-requisites: Mechanics

Co-requisites:Calculus-II


Objective(s): To understand the fundamentals of heat and thermodynamics

Basic Concepts and Definitions in Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic system, Surrounding

and Boundaries. Type of systems. Macroscopic and microscopic description of system.

Properties and state of the substance: Extensive and Intensive properties, Equilibrium,

Mechanical and Thermal Equilibrium. Processes and Cycles: Isothermal, Isobaric and Isochoric.

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, Consequence of Zeroth law of Thermodynamics. The state of

the system at Equilibrium.

Heat and Temperature: Temperature, Kinetic theory of ideal gas, Work done on an ideal gas,

Review of previous conc103epts. Internal energy of an ideal gas: Equipartition of Energy,

Intermolecular forces, Qualitative discussion, The Virial expansion, The Van der Waals equation

of state.

Thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics and its applications to adiabatic, isothermal,

cyclic and free expansion. Reversible and irreversible processes. Second law of thermodynamics,

Carnot theorem and Carnot engine. Heat engine, Refrigerators. Calculation of efficiency of heat

engines. Thermodynamic temperature scale: Absolute zero, Entropy, Entropy in reversible

process, Entropy in irreversible process. Entropy and Second law of thermodynamics, Entropy

and Probability. Thermodynamic Functions: Thermodynamic functions (Internal energy,

Enthalpy, Gibb’s functions, Entropy, Helmholtz functions), Maxwell’s relations, TdS equations,

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Energy equations and their applications. Low Temperature Physics, Joule-Thomson effect and its

equations. Thermoelectricity: Thermocouple, Seabeck’s effect, Peltier’s effect, Thomson effect.

Introduction to Statistical Mechanics: Statistical distribution and mean values, Mean free path

and microscopic calculations of mean free path. Distribution of Molecular Speeds, Distribution

of Energies, Maxwell distribution, Maxwell Boltzmann energy distribution, Internal energy of an

ideal gas, Brownian Motion Legvaian equation, Qualitative description.

Recommended Books:

1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and K. Krane, “Physics”, John Wiley, 5th

ed. 2002.

2. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley, 9th

ed.

2010.

3. M. W. Zemansky, “Heat and Thermodynamics”, Mc Graw Hill, 7th

ed. 1997.

4. M. Sprackling, “Thermal Physics” McMillan 1991.

5. B. N. Roy, “Principle of Modern Thermodynamics”, Institute of Physics, London 1995.

MATH-404 DISCRETE STRUCTURES


Objectives: Introduces the foundations of discrete mathematics as they apply to Computer

Science, focusing on providing a solid theoretical foundation for further work. Further, this

course aims to develop understanding and appreciation of the finite nature inherent in most

Computer Science problems and structures through study of combinatorial reasoning, abstract

algebra, iterative procedures, predicate calculus, tree and graph structures. In this course more

emphasis shall be given to statistical and probabilistic formulation with respect to computing

aspects.

Course Outline: Introduction to logic and proofs: Direct proofs; proof by contradiction, Sets,

Combinatorics, Sequences, Formal logic, Prepositional and predicate calculus, Methods of Proof,

Mathematical Induction and Recursion, loop invariants, Relations and functions, Pigeonwhole

principle, Trees and Graphs, Elementary number theory, Optimization and matching.

Fundamental structures: Functions; relations (more specifically recursions); pigeonhole

principle; cardinality and countability, probabilistic methods.

Reference Material:

1. Kenneth H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 6TH edition, 2006,

Mcgraw Hill Book Co.

2. Richard Johnsonbaugh, Discrete Mathematics, 7TH edition, 2008, Prentice Hall

Publishers.

3. Kolman, Busby & Ross, Discrete Mathematical Structures, 4th edition, 2000, Prentice-

Hall Publishers.

4. Ralph P. Grimaldi, Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An Applied Introduction,

Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1985.

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Semester 4th


Arts and Humanities-II Gen Ed 03

Social Sciences - II Gen Ed 03

PHY-421 Modern Physics Subject-Specific 03(2+1)

PHY-422 Optics Subject-Specific 03

PHY-423 Cosmology/Relativity Subject-Specific 03

Internship PLL Non-Credit Hour

Entrepreneurship/Youth Club/ Sports PLL Non-Credit Hour


PHY-421 MODERN PHYSICS

Pre-requisites: Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism


Objective(s): To understand the non-classical aspects of Physics, the emphasis is on the

applications of Quantum Physics in microscopic-scale Physics, atomic and molecular structure

and processes.

Relativity

Special Relativity, Time Dilation, Doppler Effect, Length Contraction, Twin Paradox, Electricity

and Magnetism, Relativistic Momentum, Mass and Energy, Energy and Momentum, General

Relativity,

Particle Properties of Waves

Electromagnetic Waves, Blackbody Radiation, Photoelectric Effect, What Is Light? X-Rays X-

Ray Diffraction, Compton Effect, Pair Production, Photons and Gravity

Wave Properties of Particles

De Broglie Waves, Waves of What?, Describing a Wave, Phase and Group Velocities, Particle

Diffraction, Particle in a Box, Uncertainty Principle, Applying the Uncertainty Principle,

Atomic Structure

The Nuclear Atom, Electron Orbits, Atomic Spectra, The Bohr Atom, Energy Levels and

Spectra, Correspondence Principle, Nuclear Motion, Atomic Excitation, The Laser

Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Mechanics, The Wave Equation, Schrödinger’s Equation, Linearity and Superposition,

Expectation Values, Operators, Particle in a Box, Finite Potential Well, Tunnel Effect, Harmonic

Oscillator

Quantum Theory of the Hydrogen Atom

Schrödinger’s Equation for the Hydrogen Atom, Separation of Variables, Quantum Numbers,

Principal Quantum Number, Orbital Quantum Number, Magnetic Quantum Number, Electron

Probability Density, Radiative Transitions, Selection Rules, Zeeman Effect

Many-Electron Atoms

Electron Spin, Exclusion Principle, Symmetric and Antisymmetric Wave Functions, Periodic

Table, Atomic Structures, Explaining the Periodic Table, Spin-Orbit Coupling, Total Angular

Momentum, X-Ray Spectra

Molecules

The Molecular Bond, Electron Sharing, The H2 Molecular Ion, The Hydrogen Molecule,

Complex Molecules, Rotational Energy Levels, Vibrational Energy Levels, Electronic Spectra of

Molecules

Statistical Mechanics

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Statistical Distributions, Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics, Molecular Energies in an Ideal Gas,

Quantum Statistics, Rayleigh-Jeans Formula, Planck Radiation Law, Einstein’s Approach,

specific Heats of Solids, Free Electrons in a Metal, Electron-Energy Distribution, Dying Stars

The Solid State

Crystalline and Amorphous Solids, Ionic Crystals, Covalent Crystals, Van der Waals Bond,

Metallic Bond, Band Theory of Solids, Semiconductor Devices, Energy Bands: Alternative

Analysis, Superconductivity Bound Electron Pairs

Recommended Book:Concept of Modern Physics (Latest edition) by Beiser

PHY-422 OPTICS

Pre-Requisites: Waves and Oscillations


Objective(s): To understand the optical phenomena and their uses in physical systems

Propagation of Light & Image Formation: Huygens’ Principle, Fermat’s Principle, Laws of

Reflection and Refraction, Refraction at a Spherical Surface, Thin Lenses, Newtonian Equation

for a Thin Lens.

Matrix Methods in Paraxial Optics: Ray Transfer Matrices, Thick Lens, Significance of

System Matrix Elements, Cardinal Points of an Optical System with examples, Optical

Instruments including Simple Magnifiers, Telescopes and Microscopes, Chromatic and

Monochromatic Aberrations, Spherical Aberrations, Coma, Distortion, Stops, Pupils, Windows

Superposition & Interference: Standing Waves, Beats, Phase and Group Velocities, Two-

Beam and Multiple-Beam Interference, Thin Dielectric Films, Michelson and Fabry-Perot

Interferometers, Resolving Power, Free-Spectral Range

Polarization: Jones Matrices, Production of Polarized Light, Dichroism, Brewster’s Law,

Birefringence, Double Refraction

Fraunhofer Diffraction: from a Single Slit, Rectangular and Circular Apertures, Double Slit,

Many Slits, Diffraction Grating, Dispersion, Resolving Power Blazed Gratings

Fresnel Diffraction: Zone Plates, Rectangular Apertures, Cornu’s Spiral

Coherence & Holography: Temporal Coherence, Spatial Coherence, Holography of a Point

object and an Extended Object

Laser Basics: Stimulated Emission, Population Inversion, Resonators, Threshold and Gain,

Multilayered Dielectric Films.

Recommended Books: 1. F. Pedrotti, L. S. Pedrotti and L. M. Pedrotti, “Introduction to Optics”, Pearson Prentice

Hall, 3rd

ed. 2007.

2. E. Hecht and A. Ganesan, “Optics”, Dorling Kindersley, 4th

ed. 2008.

3. M. V. Klein and T. E. Furtak, “Optics”, John Wiley, 2nd

ed. 1986.

4. K. K Sharam, “Optics: Principles and Applications”, Academic Press, 2006.

5. C. A. Bennett, “Principles of Physical Optics”, John Wiley, 2008.

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PHY-423 Cosmology and General Theory of Relativity

Pre-Requisites: Modern Physics


Objective(s): This course is an introduction to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, and

includes applications to early universe cosmology

Cosmology: Fundamental of Particles-A history, the Electron and Proton, The Photon, The

Neutron, The Positron. Particle as Force mediators, Mesons. Particle Accelerators and Detectors,

Linear Accelerators, The Cyclotron, The Synchrotron, Available Energy, Colliding Beams.

Detectors, Cosmic Rays experiment. Four Forces and Their Mediating Particles, Quarks and

Gluons, the Three Original Quarks, The Standard Model and Beyond. Grand Unified Theories.

The Expanding Universe, The Big Bang Theory. The Beginning of Time. Matter and Antimatter

General Relativity:Principles of special relativity and relativistic mechanics: the addition of

velocities and Michelson-Morley experiment, Einstein’s resolution and its consequences, space-

time, time dilation and twin paradox, Lorentz boosts, four vectors, special relativistic kinematics

and dynamics, variational principle for free particle motion, light rays, observers and

observations. The curved space time of general relativity: testing of equality of gravitational and

inertial mass, equivalence principle. Black holes. Tensor algebra and tensor analysis.

Recommended books:

1. Gravity: an Introduction to Einstein’s General Relativity, J. B. Hartle (Addison-Wesley

2003).

2. Space-Time and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity, Sean Caroll (Addison-

Wesley 2004).

3. University Physics with Modern Phy., Hugh D. Young, R. A. Freedman and A. Lewis

Force

Arts and Humanities

I. Pashto, Urdu, Arabic, Turkish, Chinese or any other language

II. Islamic History and Culture, Philosophy, History, Education, Home Economics or any other

approved course of BKUC

Social science II

Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Law , or any other approved Basic course

of BKUC

bacha khan university charsadda department of mathematics

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