b9-b10 telecom evolution

B9-B10 Telecom Evolution - All Rights Reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

All rights reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

Evolium BSS - B9-B10 Telecom Evolution

Evolium BSSB9-B10 Telecom Evolution

TRAINING MANUAL

3FL12786AAAAWBZZA3Edition 03

Copyright © 2007 by Alcatel-Lucent - All rights reservedPassing on and copying of this document, use and

communication of its contents not permitted without written authorization from Alcatel-Lucent


All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007Evolium BSS

B9-B10 Telecom Evolution

2

Legal Notice

� Switch to notes view!Safety Warning

Both lethal and dangerous voltages are present within the equipment. Do not wear conductive jewelry

while working on the equipment. Always observe all safety precautions and do not work on the

equipment alone.

Caution

The equipment used during this course is electrostatic sensitive. Please observe correct anti-static

precautions.

Trade Marks

Alcatel and MainStreet are trademarks of Alcatel.

All other trademarks, service marks and logos (“Marks”) are the property of their respective holders

including Alcatel-Lucent. Users are not permitted to use these Marks without the prior consent of Alcatel

or such third party owning the Mark. The absence of a Mark identifier is not a representation that a

particular product or service name is not a Mark.

Copyright

This document contains information that is proprietary to Alcatel-Lucent and may be used for training

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Use or transmission of all or any part of this document in violation of any applicable Canadian or other

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© 2007 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

In no event will Alcatel-Lucent be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential

damages, including lost profits, lost business or lost data, resulting from the use of or reliance upon the

information, whether or not Alcatel has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

Mention of non-Alcatel-Lucent products or services is for information purposes only and constitutes

neither an endorsement nor a recommendation.

Please refer to technical practices supplied by Alcatel-Lucent for current information concerning Alcatel-

Lucent equipment and its operation.




3

Table of Contents

� Switch to notes view!1. telecom improvements

Module 1. B9 B10 Telecom Multiple CCCH

Module 2. B9 B10 Telecom Dual Transfer Mode

Module 3. B9 B10 Telecom 2G-3G Mobility Improvements

Module 4. B9 B10 Telecom Extended Dynamic Allocation

Module 5. B9 B10 Telecom Adaptive Multi Rate – Wide Band

Module 6. Abbreviations




4

Table of Contents [cont.]

� Switch to notes view!

This page is left blank intentionally




5

Course Objectives


Welcome to B9-B10 Telecom Evolution

After successful completion of this course, you should understand :

� In CS domain:

• Multiple CCCH

� In PS domain:

• Extended Dynamic Allocation

• DTM

• AMR WB

� 2G-3G synergies:

• Support of CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP for 2G to 3G cell re-selection

• Fast 3G re-selection at 2G CS call release

• Refined criteria for 2G-to-3G handover

• Allow 2G-to-3G cell reselection in PTM even when NC2 is activated

• 2G load provided to UTRAN when a 3G-to-2G HO is accepted by the BSS

• Compressed INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO element

• TD-SCDMA to 2G handover and reselection and 2G-to-3G TD-SCDMA cell reselection




6

Course Objectives [cont.]






7

About this Student Guide

� Switch to notes view!Conventions used in this guide

Where you can get further information

If you want further information you can refer to the following:

� Technical Practices for the specific product

� Technical support page on the Alcatel website: http://www.alcatel-lucent.com

Note

Provides you with additional information about the topic being discussed.

Although this information is not required knowledge, you might find it useful

or interesting.

Technical Reference (1) 24.348.98 – Points you to the exact section of Alcatel-Lucent Technical

Practices where you can find more information on the topic being discussed.

WarningAlerts you to instances where non-compliance could result in equipment

damage or personal injury.




8

About this Student Guide [cont.]






9

Self-Assessment of Objectives

� At the end of each section you will be asked to fill this questionnaire

� Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training

�

Switch to notes view!

Instructional objectives Yes (or globally yes)

No (or globally no)

Comments

1

2

Contract number :

Course title :

Client (Company, Center) :

Language : Dates from : to :

Number of trainees : Location :

Surname, First name :

Did you meet the following objectives ?

Tick the corresponding box

Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training

��




10

Self-Assessment of Objectives [cont.]


Instructional objectives Yes (or Globally yes)

No (or globally no)

Comments

Thank you for your answers to this questionnaire

Other comments

��

Section 1 � Module 1 � Page 1

All Rights Reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

3FL12786AAAAWBZZA3 Edition 03

Do not delete this graphic elements in here:

All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Evolium BSS � B9-B10 Telecom Evolution

1�1 Module 1B9 B10 Telecom Multiple CCCH


Section 1Telecom improvements






Telecom improvments � B9 B10 Telecom Multiple CCCH 1 � 1 � 2

Blank Page


First editionLast name, first nameYYYY-MM-DD01

RemarksAuthorDateEdition

Document History







Objectives

Describe the purpose of the "Multiple CCCH" feature and itsO&M impacts







Objectives [cont.]








Table of Contents

Switch to notes view!Page

1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 72 How Does It Work? 103 What Are the O&M Impacts? 17







1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?








Principles in B9

� The Common Control CHannel (CCCH) can only carry the signaling of a limited number of mobiles. The signaling bandwidth is not large enough to support more CS and PS traffic.

CCCH

Cell with CS and PS traffic

A single CCCH

cannot support the signaling load!

Base Station








Principles in B10

� The multiple CCCH enables to support the increasing signaling load of cells with high CS and PS traffic throughput. Indeed, the introduction of multiple CCCH increases the signaling bandwidth on the Air interface.

CCCH

Cell with CS and PS traffic

Base Station

CCCH

Air

The signaling load of all the mobilesis supported by the multiple CCCH!







2 How Does It Work?







2 How Does It Work?

CCCH Composition

� Do you remember which channels are carried on a CCCH?Select the correct channels.

Paging CHannel (PCH)

Slow Associated Control CHannel (SACCH)

Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH)

Random Access CHannel (RACH)

Access Grant CHannel (AGCH)

Fast Associated Control CHannel (FACCH)

Frequency Correction CHannel (FCCH)

Synchronization CHannel (SCH)

Paging CHannel (PCH): A channel used to call (page) a mobile terminal from the system.

Slow Associated Control CHannel (SACCH): For each TCH, a channel used for low rate, non-critical signaling.

Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH): A channel that continuously broadcasts, on the downlink, information

including base station identity, frequency allocations and frequency-hopping sequences.

Random Access CHannel (RACH): A channel used by the mobile terminal to request an access to the

network.

Access Grant CHannel (AGCH): A channel used to allocate an SDCCH to a mobile terminal for signaling (in

order to obtain a dedicated channel), following a request on the RACH.

Fast Associated Control CHannel (FACCH): A high rate signaling channel, used during call establishment,

subscriber authentication and for handover commands.

Frequency Correction CHannel (FCCH): A channel that carries information from the BSS for carrier

synchronization.

Synchronization CHannel (SCH): A channel that carries information from the BSS for carrier

synchronization.







2 How Does It Work?

CCCH Direction

� Can you determine the direction of the 3 channel types carried on a CCCH?Select the correct answer for each channel.

Mobile

Base Station

RACH

AGCH

PCH

CCCH







2 How Does It Work?

Multiframe Structure in BCC Mode

BCCH for

CELL INFORMATION

CCCH 2 CCCH 4 CCCH 6 CCCH 8

CCCH 7CCCH 5CCCH 3CCCH 1 CCCH 9TS0 Frame 1

TS0 Frame 11

TS0 Frame 21

TS0 Frame 31

TS0 Frame 41

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

TS0 Frame 51

51-multiframe

� A 51-multiframe describes the TS0 organization. A cell configured with the BCC mode conveys 9 CCCHs.







2 How Does It Work?

Multiframe Structure in CBC Mode

BCCH for

CELL INFORMATION

CCCH 2 SD00 SD02 A0A1

SD03SD01CCCH 3CCCH 1 A3A4

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

FCCH

SCH

TS0 Frame 1

TS0 Frame 11

TS0 Frame 21

TS0 Frame 31

TS0 Frame 41

TS0 Frame 51

51-multiframe

� A 51-multiframe describes the TS0 organization. With the CBC mode, the number of CCCHs is reduced to 3 blocks.







2 How Does It Work?

CCCH Organization and Capacity

� The 9 CCCHs offered with the BCC mode can be shared in downlink between 2 subchannels: AGCH and PCH.

� The parameter BS_AG_BLK_RESdefines the number of CCCH blocks reserved for AGCH. Hence the number of PCHs.

� For example, if BS_AG_BLK_RES = 4, then:

� 4 CCCHs are dedicated to AGCH and 5 to PCH.

� paging capacity is 32 paging messages per second.

TS0

CCCH 1 AGCH

CCCH 2 AGCH

CCCH 3 AGCH

CCCH 4 AGCH

CCCH 5 PCH

CCCH 6 PCH

CCCH 7 PCH

CCCH 8 PCH

CCCH 9 PCH

RACH

BCCH

SCH

FCCH

CCCH

CCCH 7

CCCH 6

CCCH 8

CCCH 9

CCCH 5

CCCH 4

CCCH 3

CCCH 2

CCCH 1

BCCH

51-multiframe

Cell Paging Capacity

Let us take the example of a cell configured with the BCC mode and with the parameter BS_AG_BLK_RES set to 4.

The number of paging requests per paging block is equivalent to 2.5 paging messages and the capacity estimation is

60% load.

Number of paging blocks per 51-multiframe

As there are 9 CCCH blocks in a cell configured with BCC and BS_AG_BLK_RES = 4,

And Number of paging blocks per 51-multiframe = number of CCCH blocks – number of CCCH blocks reserved for AGCH,

Then the result is 5 paging blocks per 51-multiframe.

Number of paging messages per multiframe

As the number of paging blocks is 5 and the number of paging requests per paging block is 2.5,

And Number of paging messages per multiframe = number of paging blocks x number of paging requests per paging

block,

Then the result is 12.5 paging messages per multiframe.

Number of paging messages per second

As the number of paging messages per multiframe is 12.5,

And Number of paging messages per second = number of paging messages per multiframe x (1/0.235),

Then the result is 53 paging messages per second.

Number of paging messages per second at 60% load

As the number of paging messages per second is 53,

And Number of paging messages per second at 60% load = number of paging messages per second x 0.6,

Then the result is 32 paging messages per second at 60% load.







2 How Does It Work?

Multiple CCCH Description

� To increase the signaling bandwidth on the Air interface, 3GPP defines up to 4 time slots to carry the CCCH information (TS0, TS2, TS4 and TS6). The Alcatel-Lucent solution supports multiple CCCH on TS0 and TS2 in G2 BSCs and MX BSCs.

Duplicationof the

SI message

The cell paging capacity reaches up to 60 paging messages per second.

With multiple CCCH,the System Information message

is broadcast on bothTS0 and TS2.

TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7

SI

A mobile terminal in idle mode belongs to a CCCH_GROUP (to listen to paging messages or make random

accesses). Each CCCH_GROUP is mapped to a specific TN (TS0 and TS2). To determine its own

CCCH_GROUP, a mobile terminal performs a computation based on the IMSI.

Formula:

CCCH_GROUP (0 .. BS_CC_CHANS-1) = ((IMSI mod 1000) mod (BS_CC_CHANS x N)) div N

Where:

� BS_CC_CHANS = number of basic physical channels supporting Common Control CHannels (CCCHs).

� N = number of paging blocks "available" on one CCCH = (number of paging blocks "available" in a 51-

multiframe on one CCCH) x BS_PA_MFRMS.

� BS_PA_MFRMS = number of 51-multiframes between transmissions of paging messages to mobiles in idle

mode of the same paging group.

� IMSI = International Mobile Subscriber Identity, as defined in 3GPP TS 23.003.

� mod = Modulo.

� div = Integer division.

The following table gives the relationship between the CCCH_GROUP number and the Time slot Number

(TN).

21

00

TNCCCH_GROUP







3 What Are the O&M Impacts?








Configuration Rules

� The CBC and CBH modes are forbidden.

� The CCH mode is only allowed on Evolium™ BTSs.

� The CCH mode should be configured on TS2 of the beacon TRX.

� Up to 176 SDCCH subchannels are allowed in the cell when the CCHmode is enabled (otherwise the limit is 88 SDCCH subchannels as in B9).

� Only 1 SDC/SDH must be added on a beacon TRX in multiple CCCH mode.

� There must be no SDD on a beacon TRX in multiple CCCH mode.

New templates

are defined for multiple CCCH.

TRE Hardware Limitation

The maximum is reached in single CCCH mode.

G3: maximum number of CCCH + SDCCH TSs = 3

G4: maximum number of CCCH + SDCCH TSs = 4

G5 (TWIN TRA): maximum number of CCCH and SDCCH TSs = 4

TRX Configuration Limitation

The limitation on the OMC is maximum 3 SDCCHs per TRX.

TCU Limitation

A TCU can cope with the load equivalent to 4-TS signaling channels (SDCCH or CCCH). The number of

SDCCHs on each TCU needs to be reduced in case of multiple CCCH.

The rule should be:

N_TS_CCCH + N_TS_SDCCH <=4

Dynamic Abis

The new channel type for CCCH can be considered as a "bonus" basic Abis nibble.








New Counters

� Performance management

� New PM counters and indicators: C8A, C8B, C8C, C8D

� Radio counters

� New BTS counters:

� NB_BUSY_RACH_SLOTS

� NB_ASSIGN_CMB_RECEIVED_ABIS

� NB_ASSIGN_CMD_DISCARDED

� NB_PAGING_CMD_RECEIVED_ABIS

� NB_PAGING_CMD_DISCARDED

C8A, C8B, C8C, C8D:

These PM counters are provided for all CCCH TSs of the beacon TRX.

NB_BUSY_RACH_SLOTS (MC925C):

Number of busy RACH slots.

NB_ASSIGN_CMD_RECEIVED_ABIS (MC925E):

Number of 48.058 IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND messages received by the BTS on Abis, that must be sent to the mobile terminal for CS and PS traffic.

NB_ASSIGN_CMD_DISCARDED (MC925F):

Number of 48.058 IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND messages received by the BTS on Abis and discarded in case of congestion.

NB_PAGING_CMD_RECEIVED_ABIS (MC925G):

Number of 48.058 PAGING COMMAND messages received by the BTS on Abis, that must be sent to the mobile terminal for CS and PS traffic.

NB_PAGING_CMD_DISCARDED (MC925H):

Number of 48.058 PAGING COMMAND messages received by the BTS on Abis and discarded in case of congestion.







Summary

� The "Multiple CCCH" feature offers a larger signaling bandwidth on the Air interface.

� The Alcatel-Lucent solution supports multiple CCCH on TS0 and TS2 in G2 BSCs and MX BSCs.

� In multiple CCCH mode, SI messages are broadcast on both TS0 and TS2.

� The following rules apply as regards multiple CCCH configurationrules:

� The CBC and CBH modes are forbidden.

� The CCH mode is only allowed on Evolium™ BTSs.

� The CCH mode is configured on TS2 of the beacon TRX.

� Up to 176 SDCCH subchannels are allowed in the cell when the CCH mode is enabled (otherwise the limit is 88 SDCCH subchannels as in B9).

� Only 1 SDC/SDH can be added on a beacon TRX in multiple CCCH mode.

� There must be no SDD on a beacon TRX in multiple CCCH mode.







Summary [cont.]

� Counters C8A, C8B, C8A and C8D are provided for all CCCH TSs of the beacon TRX.

� There are new BTS counters.







Self-Assessment on the Objectives

� Please be reminded to fill in the formSelf-Assessment on the Objectivesfor this module

� The form can be found in the first partof this course documentation







End of ModuleB9 B10 Telecom Multiple CCCH







1�2 Module 2B9 B10 Telecom Dual Transfer Mode








Telecom improvments � B9 B10 Telecom Dual Transfer Mode 1 � 2 � 2

Blank Page




Document History







Objectives

Describe the purpose of the "Dual Transfer Mode" feature, its O&M and telecom impacts







Objectives [cont.]








Table of Contents


1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 72 How Does It Work? 103 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 224 What Are the O&M Impacts? 27








Principles in B9

� In B9, it is not possible to make simultaneous packet and circuit calls.

CSCNPSCN

Establishmentof packet call

The standard has defined 3 classes of GPRS R’97 mobiles: class A, class B and class C.

Class A mobiles are capable of simultaneous circuit and packet calls.

Class B mobiles support simultaneous attach, simultaneous activation and simultaneous monitor, but

simultaneous traffic is not supported. The mobile user can make and/or receive calls on either of the two

services sequentially but not simultaneously.

Class C mobiles only support non-simultaneous attach (alternate use only).








Principles in B10

� In B10, thanks to the new Dual Transfer Mode (DTM) feature, simultaneous packet and circuit traffic is now possible.

CCCH

CCCH

Air

CSCNPSCN

Bla

BlaBla

Bla

Simultaneously

Dual Transfer Mode (DTM) means the support of simultaneous packet and circuit traffic in GSM/GPRS/EGPRS

mobiles which do not have two independent transmitter /receiver chains.

In DTM, the Mobile Station (MS) is simultaneously in dedicated mode and in Packet Transfer Mode (PTM).

This feature is optional for the MS and the network. It is only applicable for an MS supporting GPRS or

EGPRS. Dual transfer mode is a subset of class A mode of operation, only possible if there is radio resource

allocation coordination in the network.

DTM enables the support for all PS services to be run in parallel with any CS singleslot connection, both

mobile terminated and mobile originated. DTM also enables new types of services as well as service

continuity when handing over calls with simultaneous CS and PS services from a UMTS network.







2 How Does It Work?







2 How Does It Work?

Multislot Class

� Do you remember multislot class?Match each multislot class on the left with its definition on the right.

Multislot class 8

Multislot class 10

Multislot class 12

4 time slots in DL and 1 in UL max









2 How Does It Work?

Reminder on Multislot Class

NAxx119 to 29 like 10

000NA88218

011NA77217

121NA66216

131NA55215

131NA44214

131NA33213

121544112

121534111

121524110

12152319

12151418

13143317

13142316

13142215

13141314

13232213

13231212

24221111

TrbTraTtbSumTxRxTypeMultislot Class

MS Type

Type-1 MSs are simplex MSs, i.e., without duplexer: they are not able to transmit and receive at the same time.

Type-2 MSs are duplex MSs, i.e., with duplexer: they are able to transmit and receive at the same time.

Rx

The maximum number of received time slots that the MS can use per TDMA frame. The received TSs must be allocated

within window of size Rx, but they do not need to be contiguous. For SIMPLEX MS, no transmitted TS must occur

between received TSs within a TDMA frame. This does not take into account the measurement window (Mx).

Tx

The maximum number of transmitted time slots that the MS can use per TDMA frame. The transmitted TSs must be

allocated within the window of size Tx, but they do not need to be contiguous. For SIMPLEX MS, no received TS must

occur between transmitted TSs within a TDMA frame.

Sum

The maximum number of transmitted and received time slots (without Mx) per TDMA frame.

Meaning of Tfb, Tra and Trb according to the MS Type

� For SIMPLEX MS (type 1):

� Ttb is the minimum time (in time slot) necessary between the Rx and Tx windows.

� Tra is the minimum time between the last Tx window and the first Rx window of the next TDMA in order to be

able to open a measurement window.

� Trb is the same as Tra without opening a measurement window.

� For DUPLEX MS (type 2):

� Ttb is the minimum time necessary between 2 Tx windows belonging to different frames.

� Tra is the minimum time necessary between 2 Rx windows belonging to different frames in order to be able to

open a measurement window.








2 How Does It Work?

Radio Allocation Constraints

� Class 4 (3+1)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ttb Tra

Rx Rx Rx Mx

Tx

DL

UL

� Class 8 (4+1)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ttb Tra

Rx Rx Rx Mx

Tx

Rx DL

UL

MS Type

Type-1 MSs are simplex MSs, i.e., without duplexer: they are not able to transmit and receive at the same time.

Type-2 MSs are duplex MSs, i.e., with duplexer: they are able to transmit and receive at the same time.

Rx

The maximum number of received time slots that the MS can use per TDMA frame. The received TSs must be allocated

within window of size Rx, but they do not need to be contiguous. For SIMPLEX MS, no transmitted TS must occur

between received TSs within a TDMA frame. This does not take into account the measurement window (Mx).

Tx

The maximum number of transmitted time slots that the MS can use per TDMA frame. The transmitted TSs must be

allocated within the window of size Tx, but they do not need to be contiguous. For SIMPLEX MS, no received TS must

occur between transmitted TSs within a TDMA frame.

Sum

The maximum number of transmitted and received time slots (without Mx) per TDMA frame.

Meaning of Tfb, Tra and Trb according to the MS Type

� For SIMPLEX MS (type 1):

� Ttb is the minimum time (in time slot) necessary between the Rx and Tx windows.

� Tra is the minimum time between the last Tx window and the first Rx window of the next TDMA in order to be able

to open a measurement window.


� For DUPLEX MS (type 2):

� Ttb is the minimum time necessary between 2 Tx windows belonging to different frames.

� Tra is the minimum time necessary between 2 Rx windows belonging to different frames in order to be able to

open a measurement window.








2 How Does It Work?

DTM Concept

� The DTM operation is a simultaneous Circuit-Switched (CS) voice call and Packet-Switched (PS) session.

Example of Multislot Configuration (2 Uplink, 3 Downlink)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2

Rx

Tx

f1

f2

PS PS CS PS PS CS PS PS

PS CS PS CS

Mx

Mx

The number of time slots allocated to the CS connection is limited to one.

HR TCH is not supported in B10.

The time slots allocated in each direction are contiguous.

DTM allocation = 1 TCH and at least 1 PDCH







2 How Does It Work?

Definitions

� Can you find the definitions of each of the following terms? Match each term on the left with its definition on the right.

The MS is not allocated any radio resource on a packet data physical channel. It listens to the PBCCH and PCCCH or, if thoseare not provided by the network, to the BCCH and the CCCH

The MS is allocated radio resources on one or more packet data physical channels for the transfer of LLC PDUs

Main DCCH

Dual Transfer Mode(DTM)

Temporary Block Flow(TBF)

A physical connection used by the 2 RR peer entities to support the unidirectional transfer of LLC PDUs on packet data physical channels

The SDCCH or FACCH in dedicated mode

Dedicated mode

Packet Transfer Mode(PTM)

Packet Idle modeThe MS is allocated at least 2 dedicated channels, only one of them being an SACCH

The MS is allocated radio resources providing an RR connection and a TBF on one or more physical channels







2 How Does It Work?

RR Procedures: Packet Resource Establishment

� The establishment of a packet resource is supported by procedures on the main DCCH when the MS is in dedicated mode. Therefore, direct transition from idle mode to DTM is not possible.

� What happens when switching from the idle to the Dual Transfer Mode? Let's assume the MS is in idle mode when you start voice call and packet data transfer at the same time.

DTM

IdleDedicated

CS establishment

TBF(s)establishment

1. Establish CS to enter in dedicated mode

2. Establish TBFs in DTM







2 How Does It Work?

RR Procedures: Packet Resource Establishment [cont.]

� The establishment of a packet resource is supported by procedures on the main DCCH when the MS is in dedicated mode. Direct transition from Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) to DTM is not possible either.

� What happens when switching from PTM to DTM? Let's assume the MS is in PTM. There is a packet data transfer in progress. After a while, you start a voice call.

1. Release TBFs

2. Establish CS to enter in dedicated mode

3. Establish TBFs in DTM

DTM

Idle

DedicatedPTM

CSestablishment

TBF(s)establishment

TBF(s)release







2 How Does It Work?

RR Procedures: Maintaining Packet Resource

� In DTM, cell change is managed by a CS procedure. There is no PSmeasurements reporting. Therefore there is no cell reselection while in DTM. Only CS HO occurs.

� In addition, TCH changes must be avoided due to PS outage. So only emergency HOs are allowed.

5. TBFs are established in the new cell in DTM

3. MS abnormally releases the TBF

6. MS in DTM in the target cell

4. MS enters in target cell in dedicated mode

MS Cell A Cell B

MSin DTM

MSin DTM

MS indedicated

mode

CS and PS connection

CS connection

CS and PS connection

HO CMD

CS establishment

CS connection

TBF(s) establishment

1. MS in DTM in the serving cell

2. Handover CMD sent to the MS

Once the MS enters in dual transfer mode, the existing procedures apply (see 3GPP TS 44.060). The

exceptions to the existing procedures while in dedicated mode are:

� When all packet resources have been released (or aborted), the MS returns to dedicated mode.

� When the MS is in dual transfer mode, it must ignore any RR-CELL CHANGE ORDER or PACKET CELL

CHANGE ORDER message and must remain in dual transfer mode.

� When the MS receives a HANDOVER COMMAND or an ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message, it must abandon the

packet resource immediately, enter in dedicated mode and perform the handover or assignment procedure,

respectively.

� No GPRS measurement reporting is performed.







2 How Does It Work?

RR Procedures: Packet Resource Release

� In the case of the release of the RR connection while in dual transfer mode, the MS must abandon the packet resource and, once in idle mode and packet idle mode, it may start a new establishment.

� What happens when switching from DTM to PTM? Let's assume the MS is in PTM. There is a voice call and a packet data transfer in progress. After a while, the voice call is terminated whereas the packet data transfer continues.

1. Release TCH and abort TBF(s)

2. Establish TBFs in PTM

DTM

Idle

PTM

TCH andTBF(s) release

TBF(s)establishment

The release of a TBF must follow the procedures defined in 3GPP TS 44.060.







2 How Does It Work?

Reminder on the Transitions between 2 Modes

� Have you understood the transitions between 2 modes?Select the statements which are true.

Direct transition from idle mode to DTM is not possible

Direct transition from idle mode to DTM is possible

Direct transition from DTM to idle mode is possible

Direct transition from PTM to DTM is possible

Transition from DTM to dedicated mode is possible

Direct transition from DTM to PTM is not possible

DTM

Idle

PTMDedicated







2 How Does It Work?

DTM Context

� Contexts for an MS in DTM

The BSS manages two MS contexts for an MS operating in dual transfer mode:

� One MS context is located in the BSC and maintain information elements related to the CS domain.

� One MS context is located in the MFS and maintain information elements related to the PS domain.

� What has been created for each DTM-capable MS in dedicated mode?

� Procedure initiated by the BSC.

� Messages on BSCGP: BSC Shared DTM Info Indication.

� Message sent regularly by the BSC and at each change of the MS session in dedicated mode (allocation of a TCH, end of HO, CS release, etc.).

� MS identification

� IMSI (provided by the MSC at call establishment in the COMMON ID message).

� Internal BSC reference.







3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?








Supported MS Multislot Classes in B10

� In release 99:

� MS class 5 (1 TCH, 1 PDCH)

� MS class 9 (1 TCH, 2 PDCHs DL, 1 PDCH UL)

Possible Time Slot Patterns for DTM Multislot Classes 5 and 9

DL

UL

DL

UL

Class 5

Class 9

Timeslot for the PS part (PDCH/F)

Timeslot for the CS part (TCH/H or TCH/F)

or

or

Extended Dynamic Allocation (EDA) allows to support DTM timeslot configurations with more than one PDCH

in UL.

Single slot allocation (not supported in B10): 1 TS shared between CS and PS (TCH/H + PDCH/H).

Extended DTM multislot classes: TCH/H + PDCH/H + PDCH/F configuration (not supported in B10).

Additions in Rel.4: MS class 11 (1 TCH, 1 PDCH DL, 2 PDCHs UL, with EDA).








Paging Coordination

State of aGPRS-attached DTM

mobile station

CS paging PS paging

In packet idle modePCH if no PCCCH

PPCH if PCCCH

PCH if no PCCCH

PPCH if PCCCH

In packet transfer mode PACCH NA

In dedicated mode NA Main DCCH

In dual transfer mode NA NA

Principles:

� PS paging coordination: a DTM-capable MS must receive PS pagings while in CS to request DTM establishment.

� CS paging coordination: a DTM-capable MS must receive CS pagings while in PTM to switch to dedicated mode (and possibly re-establish TBFs in DTM).

Consequences:

� CS paging coordination: through the Gs interface. No coordination in the BSS.

� PS paging coordination: through the sharing of MS DTM contexts between BSC and MFS.








DTM Capabilities in B10

� Capabilities related to an MS

� Indication of MS DTM capabilities

� Capabilities related to a BSS

� Indication of BSS DTM capabilities

Indication of MS DTM capabilities:

Information given in MS Classmark 3 and Radio Access Capabilities:

� Support of DTM

� Support of 8-PSK in UL

� DTM GPRS multislot class

� DTM EGPRS multislot class

� Other information not used by BSS in B10

Indication of BSS DTM capabilities:

� SI 13 message: sent on BCCH when no PBCCH is present in the cell.

� SI 6 message:

� Sent on SACCH when the MS is in dedicated mode or in dual transfer mode.

� DTM support indicated to all MSs (DTM capable or not).

� DTM Information message:

� Sent on FACCH when the MS is in dedicated mode.

� Sent only to the DTM-capable MS to inform after an HO that DTM is supported in the new serving

cell.

� Allows fast PS re-establishment (sent before SI 6 with DTM information).

� PSI 13 message: sent on PACCH when the MS is in packet transfer mode.

� PSI 14 message:

� Sent on PACCH when the MS is in dual transfer mode.

� Alcatel simplification: PSI 14 sent on all PACCHs as soon as EN_DTM = 1.








GPRS Signaling on the Main DCCH

� The DTM feature includes the ability to send GPRS signaling data, for instance to perform cell update and Routing Area (RA) update, on the main DCCH when in dedicated mode. It avoid thus to have to set up a DTM connection in those cases.

Example of Cell Update

BSCGP DTM GPRS Info UL

[1st segment](3)

MS BSC MFS

Dedicated mode (SDCCH/TCH) (1)

GPRS Information

[UL LLC PDU] (2)

BSCGP DTM GPRS Info UL

[2nd segment](3)

UL LLC PDUs (4)

Conditions for GPRS Signaling on the Main DCCH

� The PDU contains signaling information.

� The length restrictions are met (see Note).

� There is a CS connection to the MS.

� The cell supports DTM.

� The MS supports DTM: the MS is not in dual transfer mode.

Note: The LLC frame length is limited by a length restriction: MAX_LAPDM.

If the LLC frame is too long (but all other conditions are met), the information is sent on an

uplink/downlink TBF instead, after entering in DTM.








Configuration Management

� 2 main radio parameters accessible at the OMC-R level:

� EN_DTM

� MAX_LAPDM

EN DTM:

This parameter enables DTM function.

At cell level, it is defined in the BSC.

MAX_LAPDM:

The maximum number of LAPDm frames that can be sent within a GTTP frame. At BSS level, it is defined in

the BSC.

This parameter is used to control the maximum length of the GPRS signaling messages sent on the FACCH

and is set per cell.

The value of MAX_LAPDM must be chosen so that GPRS signaling sent on the FACCH does not harm speech

quality. The recommendation is to use the lowest possible value (5) that allows messages of the length up

to 5 LAPDm frames (each LAPDm frame can contain 23 octets) to be sent on the FACCH. This makes it

possible to perform routing area update and cell update procedures using the FACCH. Higher values of the

parameter might be needed in the future if the length of the update messages is increased.








Performance Management

� New BSC counters:

� MC927a

� MC927b

� MC927c

� MC927d

� MC927e

� MC927f

� New MFS counters:

� P500

� P501

� P508

� P509

� P510

� P511

� P512

MC927a:

The number of UL TBF establishment attempts in DTM with TCH change.

MC927b:

The number of DL TBF establishment attempts in DTM with TCH change.

MC927c:

The number of UL TBF establishment attempts in DTM without TCH change.

MC927d:

The number of DL TBF establishment attempts in DTM without TCH change.

MC927e:

The number of UL TBF establishments in DTM with TCH change execution failures due to MS access problem.

MC927f:

The number of DL TBF establishments in DTM with TCH change execution failures due to MS access problem.

P500:

The number of contexts created for a DTM-capable MS, at GPU level.

P501:

The number of DTM contexts created on receipt of the BSCGP BSC Shared DTM Info Indication, at cell level.

P508:

The number of UL TBF establishment successes for a DTM-capable MS in dedicated mode, at cell level.

P509:

The number of DL TBF releases due to CS release (for MS in DTM), at cell level.

P510:

The number of UL TBF releases due to CS release (for MS in DTM), at cell level.

P511:

The number of DL TBF establishment failures for a DTM-capable MS in dedicated mode, due to congestion, at cell level.

P512:

The number of UL TBF establishment failures for a DTM-capable MS in dedicated mode, due to congestion, at cell level.







Summary

� The Dual Transfer Mode (DTM) allows simultaneous circuit and packet transfer in 2G.

� The establishment of a packet resource is supported by procedures on the main DCCH when the mobile station is in dedicated mode.

� There is no paging coordination in the BSS.

� To enter in DTM, a CS connection has to be set up first.

� MS class 5 (1 TCH, 1 PDCH) and MS class 9 (1 TCH, 2 PDCHs DL, 1 PDCH UL) are supported in B10.

� In DTM, TCH changes must be avoided due to PS outage. Onlyemergency HOs are allowed.







End of ModuleB9 B10 Telecom Dual Transfer Mode







1�3 Module 3B9 B10 Telecom 2G-3G Mobility Improvements








Telecom improvements � B9 B10 Telecom 2G-3G Mobility Improvements 1 � 3 � 2

Blank Page




Document History







Objectives

Describe the purpose of the "2G/3G Mobility Improvements" feature and its telecom impacts







Objectives [cont.]








Table of Contents


1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 72 How Does It Work? 103 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 25








Preamble on the 2G/3G Mobility Improvements

� 2G/3G Mobility Improvements are made up of 7 independent improvements listed in the table below.

In order to avoid 2G-3G ping-pong, the MS (1) in a 2G cell takes 3G coverage (CPICH RSCP)into account before reselecting a 3G cell.

In order to avoid double LA update, the 3G cell reselection is speeded up at 2G CS call release.

An MS in PTM in a 2G cell can stay in NC0 mode (2) in order to reselect a 3G cell.

The number of 2G-to-3G Handovers (HOs) can be reduced if some of them are useless (when a 2G cell is not loaded).

It is possible to speed up call establishment and to unload SDCCH using a compressed format for the INTER RAT HO INFO Element.

Interoperability with TD-SCDMA (3G TDD) networks is possible.

In order to reduce the number of 3G-to-2G failures due to rejection, the 3G network is provided with the 2G cell load information after a successful 3G-to-2G HO.

(1) In this training, all the mobiles are called Mobile Station (MS) even if the subscriber station is a UE (3G station).

(2) Only this feature is available for both FDD & TDD 3G networks. In all other cases, we assume 3G means FDD only.








Improvements and Feature Names

� Can you associate each improvement to the correct B10 feature?Match each element on the left with the appropriate B10 feature on the right.

Reduce the number of 2G-to-3G HOs

Allow interoperability with TD-SCDMA (3G TDD)

Speed up call establishment and unload SDCCH

Reduce the number of 3G-to-2G HO failures due to rejection

2G load provided to UTRAN when a 3G-to-2G HO is accepted by the BSS

Allow 2G-to-3G cell reselection in PTM even when NC2 is activated

Refined criteria for 2G-to-3G handover

Support of CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP for 2G-to-3G cell reselection

Avoid 2G-3G ping-pong reselection

Decrease the number of LA updates

Reselect a 3G cell when the MS is in PTM in a 2G cell

TD-SCDMA to 2G handover and reselection and 2G-to-3G TD-SCDMA cell reselection

Compressed INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO element

Fast 3G reselection at 2G CS call release







2 How Does It Work?







2 How Does It Work?

CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP for Reselection: Principles in B9

� In B9, the MS takes into account only CPICH Ec/No to decide for a 3G cell reselection. It can trigger reselection on a 3G cell with a bad CPICH RSCP. This situation leads to a 2G-3G ping-pong.

2G cell 3G cell

GoodCPICHEc/No

GoodCPICHEc/No

Bad CPICH RSCP

CPICH Ec/No

CPICH Ec/No is mostly determined by the system load. It gives an indication of the interference level in the

3G cell.

CPICH RSCP

CPICH RSCP gives an indication of coverage in the 3G cell.







2 How Does It Work?

CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP for Reselection: Principles in B10

� In B10, the MS measures the 3G cell CPICH Ec/No as well as the CPICH RSCP. The MS triggers reselection only if both CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP are good. There is no more 2G-3G ping-pong.

2G cell 3G cell

GoodCPICHRSCP

GoodCPICHEc/No

Good CPICH RSCP

GoodCPICHEc/No







2 How Does It Work?

Fast 3G Reselection at 2G CS Call Release: Principles in B9

� In B9, an MS in a 2G cell which ends a CS call started in a 3G cell:

1. performs an LA/RA update to camp on the 2G cell,

2. reselects the 3G cell,

3. performs an LA update to camp on the 3G cell.

2G cell 3G cell2G cell 3G cell

LA a LA b

I amPeterin LA b

I amPeterin LA a

Channel release

1

2

3

The initial strategy for many 2G/3G operators seems to be to prioritize 3G in cell reselection for 2G/3G

capable MSs, and to handle calls on 3G whenever possible. The 3G to 2G interworking is primarily used to

avoid calls from dropping when 3G coverage becomes poor.

According to the current specification, “when the MS releases all TCHs or SDCCH and returns to idle mode

or packet idle mode, it shall, as quickly as possible, camp on the cell whose channel has just been

released” (GSM 45.008 6.7.1.). So, the terminal camps on this last GSM cell.

However, the call could have been established initially in the 3G cell or in a 2G cell which may be different

from the 2G cell in which it starts the call (in case an internal handover occurs between 2 cells of the same

BSS). So the MSC is not aware of the new LA. In such a case, the mobile station may need to perform an

LA/RA update. Then the cell reselection procedure would move the MS back to a 3G cell. As 2G and 3G

cells should normally be in different location/routing areas, then the MS will have to perform another LA

Update / RA Update.

As this may become a behavior seen in many networks, an enhancement has been introduced in Rel-6,

where a terminal, if ordered by the network, directly selects a 3G cell (or other 2G cell). The terminal is

signaled the networks preference in the CHANNEL RELEASE message.

This saves the signaling and time needed for unnecessary LA Update / RA Update.







2 How Does It Work?

Fast 3G Reselection at 2G CS Call Release: Principles in B10

� In B10, when an MS ends a call in a 2G cell, the cell to reselect can be indicated to the MS in the Channel Release message.

�No useless LA update is performed anymore. The 3G reselection isspeeded up.

2G cell 3G cell XX2G cell 3G cell XX

LA a LA b

ZZZ

Channel release

Cell(s)

to rese

lect =

XX







2 How Does It Work?

Cell Reselection in PTM from 2G to 3G When NC2 Is Activated: Principles in B9

� In B9, an MS entering in PTM mode while NC2 is activated cannot reselect a 3G cell.

MS in PTM:PMO received, NC2 activated

MS in PTM:NC0 activated

2G cell 3G cell 2G cell 3G cell

When an MS enters in PTM mode with NC2 activated, it receives the "Packet Measurement Order" message

to switch to NC2 mode. But it cannot reselect a 3G cell because the MFS doesn’t perform any 3G radio

measurements. So, it can only reselect another 2G cell.

If the operator prefers to give an MS in PTM the possibility of 3G reselection instead of improving 2G-to-2G

cell reselection, he/she must deactivate NC2 and allow NC0 mode only.

Packet Transfer Mode (PTM)

There is a data exchange between MS and network in progress using the GPRS technology.

NC2

Mode in which the reselection is under the control of the network in order to optimize quality by

decreasing the number of reselections.

NC0

Mode in which the reselection is under the control of the MS.

Packet Measurement Order (PMO)

Message sent to the MS to switch from NC0 to NC2 mode.







2 How Does It Work?

Cell Reselection in PTM from 2G to 3G When NC2 Is Activated: Principles in B10

� In B10, there are 2 possibilities when NC2 is activated and the MS enters in PTM.

The 2G cell area is alsocovered by a 3G cell:

1. The MS enters in PTM.

2. PMO is not sent to the MS.

3. The MS remains in NC0.

4. The MS can reselect a 3G cell.

The 2G cell area is NOT well covered by a 3G cell:

1. The MS enters in PTM.

2. PMO is sent to the MS.

3. The MS switches to NC2.

4. 2G-to-2G cell reselection is preferred.

2G cell 3G cell 2G cell3G cell

When an MS enters in PTM with NC2 activated, the "PMO" command to switch to NC2 IS NOT sent by the network if the 2G cell area is also well covered by a 3G cell.

The parameter EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION must be set to value 3 (Enabled with 3G search activated

while the MS is in GMM ready state, even if Network_Control_Order > 1), ONLY if the 2G cell area is also

well covered by a 3G cell.

The time of NC2 activity and 3G search depends on 2 parameters:

� EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION,

� NC2_DEACTIVATION_MODE (0: at the end of PTM, 1: at T_READY expiration).







2 How Does It Work?

Refined Criteria for 2G-to-3G Handover: Principles in B9

� In B9, 2G-to-3G HOs are systematic for voice traffic even if the 2G cell is not loaded.

The 2G cell is loaded:

the MS performs a 2G-to-3G

handover.

The 2G cell is not loaded:


handover too!








2 How Does It Work?

Refined Criteria for 2G-to-3G Handover: Principles in B10

� In B10, the MS decides to perform 2G-to-3G HOs depending on the load of the 2G cell.

The 2G cell is not loaded:

the MS stays in the 2G

cell!

The 2G cell is loaded:


handover.


The "2G_3G_HO_Allowed" variable is set to "allowed" or "forbidden" depending on the cell load computed by

the BSC. This cell load is compared to a new parameter (THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REQ).







2 How Does It Work?

TD-SCDMA to 2G Handover and Reselection: Principles in B10

� The first Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) network has been implemented in China.

� In B10, HOs and reselections coming from TD-SCDMA networks have no impact on the BSS.

Incoming reselectionfrom the TD-SCDMA network

without constraint

Incoming HOfrom the TD-SCDMA network

without constraint

2G network3G TD-SCDMA

network 2G network3G TD-SCDMA

network

Bla bla

bla

TD-SCDMA stands for Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access. This third mobile network

generation technology is also called 3G TDD. TD-SCDMA is developed and used in China.

A 3G TDD network is equivalent to:

� a WCDMA network, also called 3G FDD and used in Europe and Japan.

� a CDMA2000 network, used in the USA.







2 How Does It Work?

TD-SCDMA Cell Reselection from 2G to 3G: Principles in B10

� In B10, 2G-to-3G TD-SCDMA cell reselection is possible.

2G network3G TD-SCDMA

network

TD-SCDMAcells list

As "TD-SCDMA to 2G handover and reselection" is not sufficient to assure a proper 2G-3G TD-SCDMA

interoperability (one way only), the 2G-to-3G TD-SCDMA cell reselection has been developed in B10.

The TD-SCDMA compliant MSs must be provided with the list of TD-SCDMA adjacencies.







2 How Does It Work?

Compressed INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO Element: Principles in B9

� In B9, the “INTER RAT HO INFO” element is sent by the MS at call establishment time in uncompressed mode. Segmentation of the message is necessary.

Call establishment

Channel Request

ImmediateAssignment

1 2

INTER RAT HO INFO(uncompressed and segmented)

2G network

3

RAT stands for Radio Access Technology (2G or 3G). This information is only useful for the RNC. So it is just

stored by the BSC then forwarded to the RNC via the MSC for 2G-to-3G HO purposes.







2 How Does It Work?

Compressed INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO Element: Principles in B10

� In B10, the "INTER RAT HO INFO" Element can be compressed.

� Around 700ms are saved at call establishment. SDCCH is unloaded as well.

Call establishment

Channel Request

Immediate Assignmentwith

Compressed_Inter_RAT_HO_INFO_IND

1 2

INTER RAT HO INFO(compressed and not segmented)

2G network

3

A compression of the INTER RAT HO INFO Element, agreed by 3GPP Rel-5, has been taken into account. If

the UTRAN network supports the compressed format, the BSS indicates the MS that it can compress this

information element.

As a result, time is saved at call establishment (around 700ms). SDCCH is unloaded as well.







2 How Does It Work?

Load of 2G Provided to UTRAN if 3G-to-2G HO Accepted by BSS: Principles in B9

� In B9, in case of 3G-to-2G HO, the 2G cell load information is provided to the 3G network only in case of rejection (the 2G cell is too much loaded).

2G cell loadedHO rejected

2G cell load information provided

2G cell not loadedHO accepted

2G cell load information NOT provided

I am too muchloaded (75%)


2G Cell Load Information

This info is made up of 2 elements:

� Cell capacity class (from 1 to 100 max) giving an information about the size of the cell in terms of TCH:

1=> 1TCH, 100=>126 (126 TCH channels in one GSM cell ([8 TSs X 16 TRXs] – 1 BCCH - 1 SDCCH).

� Cell load (from 0 to 100%) corresponding to the last computed Average Traffic Load.







2 How Does It Work?

Load of 2G Provided to UTRAN if 3G-to-2G HO Accepted by BSS: Principles in B10

� In B10, even if the 3G incoming HO is accepted, the 3G network is provided with the 2G cell load information.

� The 3G network can anticipate the 2G overload and avoid next HO failures towards 2G.

2G cell not loadedHO accepted

2G cell load information provided Next HO towards another cell

I am almostoverloaded (70%)


2G cell

MS 1MS 2 MS 1

MS 2








New Parameter and Values

� Can you associate each parameter or value to the correct B10 improvement?Match each element on the left with the appropriate B10 improvement on the right.

EN_FAST_3G_Reselection

EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION = 3

(Enabled even if NCO > 1)

EN_COMPRESSED_INTER_RAT_INFO

2G/TD-SCDMA interoperabilities

2G-to-3G reselection during PTM even if

NC2 is activated

No 2G-to-3G HO if 2G not loaded

TDD_ARFCN_LIST

EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO

FDD_RSCPmin INTER RAT HO INFO compressed

3G reselection speeded up after 2G CS call

release

3G coverage taken into account for 2G-

3G reselection

THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REQ

EN_2G_TO_3GTDD_CELL_RESELECTION








CPICH Ec/No and CPICH RSCP for Reselection

� FDD_RSCPmin is a new threshold defined for CPICH RSCP measurement. FDD_Qmin_Offset is a new offset defined for CPICH Ec/No. These 2 parameters are broadcasted to the MS. The MS decides for 3G reselection only if the 3G coverage is sufficient. Hence, a new algorithm for 2G-to-3G reselection.

3G Level > all 2G levels(serving & neighbor) + FDD_Qoffset

(1)

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes No

No

Ec/No ≥≥≥≥FDD_Qmin – FDD_Qmin_Offset

(2)

RSCP ≥≥≥≥ FDD_RSCPmin(2)

No

No

3G reselection

(1) FDD_GPRS_Qoffset in case of PS (already existing in B9)

(2) New in B10 for Rel-5 MSs

2 new parameters, FDD_RSCPmin and FDD_Qmin_Offset, are introduced from Rel-5 onwards, to be

broadcast in system information messages SI2:

� FDD_Qmin_Offset is used with the FDD_Qmin parameter so that Rel-5 onwards mobiles can put some dBs

offset to FDD_Qmin value: the threshold is now (FDD_Qmin - FDD_Qmin_Offset). It makes sufficient quality

UTRAN coverage look larger to Rel-5 onwards MSs using a GERAN cell.

� FDD_RSCPmin gives the MS the minimum threshold of RSCP for UTRAN FDD cell reselection.

Reminder:

FDD_Qoffset is the offset added to the received level average of the serving cell and of the neighbor GSMcells for UTRAN FDD cell re-selection.

Possible values:

0: -32: Always select a 3G cell if possible 8: 0: 0 dB

1: -28: -28 dB 9: 4: 4 dB

2: -24: -24 dB 10: 8: 8 dB

3: -20: -20 dB 11: 12: 12 dB

4: -16: -16 dB 12: 16: 16 dB

5: -12: -12 dB 13: 20: 20 dB

6: -8: -8 dB 14: 24: 24 dB

7: -4: -4 dB 15: 28: 28 dB (2G cell reselection is preferred)








Fast 3G Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

� Cell selection indicator is a new information element added to indicate the MS which cell to reselect (Frequency & Scrambling code) when it ends its 2G CS Call.

� This feature is activated with a new parameter: EN_FAST_3G_Reselection.

� When EN_FAST_3G_Reselection is set to:

� 0: the feature is not used.

� 1: the feature is used.

An information element is a part of a message (Channel release message in this case).

The new information element sent in the Channel release message is the "cell selection indicator". It

provides the MS with the cell(s) to reselect.

The existing FDD_ARFN_LIST (O&M parameter) is reused.

This enhancement has been introduced in Rel-6.

For a detailed description of the “cell selection indicator”, see 3GPP 45.008 and 44.018.








Cell Reselection in PTM from 2G to 3G When NC2 Is Activated

� A new value is introduced for the parameter EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION. When this parameter is set to 3, the 2G-to-3G cell reselection is enabled with 3G search activated while the MS is in GMM ready state, even if the Network_Control_Order > 1 (that is, the NC2 mode is activated).

MFS view

SGSN view

NC2

3G SEARCH

STANDBY STANDBYREADY

PTM PIM

3210EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION

1NC2_DEACTIVATION_MODE



When EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION = 3, it avoids the Packet Measurement Order (PMO) to be sent to

the MS, so to activate NC2 when the Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) starts.

Other already existing (B9) possible values are:

� 0: Disabled,

� 1: Enabled with 3G search activated while the MS is in GMM ready state,

� 2: Enabled with 3G search deactivated while the MS is in GMM ready state.








Cell Reselection in PTM from 2G to 3G When NC2 Is Activated [cont.]


MFS view

SGSN view

NC2

3G SEARCH


PTM PIM








� 0: Disabled,












MFS view

SGSN view

NC2

3G SEARCH


PTM PIM








� 0: Disabled,










Refined Criteria for 2G-to-3G Handover

� The 2G-to-3G HO decision may depend on 2G load. If the "Service Handover" Information Element provided by the MSC is not present at ASSIGNMENT or HANDOVER REQUEST, then, 2G-to-3G HO depends on 2 new parameters.

� Indeed, WHEN:

� EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO = 0, THEN 2G-to-3G HO is forbidden.

� EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO = 1, THEN:

IF the last N_TRAFFIC_LOAD averages AV_TRAFFIC_LOAD (including the new one), verify:

AV_TRAFFIC_LOAD > THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REQ

THEN 2G-3G-HO allowed

ELSE 2G-to-3G HO forbidden

Service Handover Information Element

� Missing (not present):

� Serving GSM cell not loaded: Stay in GSM.

� Serving GSM cell loaded: A parameter (EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO) gives the choice between

staying in GSM and trying an HO to 3G.

� "Shall not":


� Serving GSM cell loaded: Stay in GSM.

� "Should not":


� Serving GSM cell loaded: Stay in GSM.

� "Should":

� Serving GSM cell not loaded: Try HO to 3G.

� Serving GSM cell loaded: Try HO to 3G.

If THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REQ = 0, the feature is disabled. Then, 2G-to-3G HOs are systematic.








Refined Criteria for 2G-to-3G Handover [cont.]

� For example, when the Service Handover Information Element is not present at Assignment or Handover Request:

� EN_2G_3G_HO_NO_SERVICE_HO = 1

� N_TRAFFIC_LOAD = 3

AV_TRAFFIC_LOAD (%)

N_TRAFFIC_LOAD

HO detected

THR_CELL_LOAD_3G_REQ

0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9








TD-SCDMA Cell Reselection from 2G to 3G

� To activate the "2G-to-3G TD-SCDMA Cell Reselection" feature, you must:

� define 3G TDD frequencies at the BSS level with the TDD_ARFCN_LISTparameter (list of up to 3 TDD UARFCNs).

� enable 2G-to-3G TDD cell reselection at the 2G serving cell level with the EN_2G_TO_3GTDD_CELL_RESELECTION parameter.

This parameter has the same behavior as EN_2G_TO_3G_CELL_RESELECTION used for FDD.

� define the parameters used as criteria by the MSs for cell reselection at the 2G serving cell level, as for current 2G to 3G FDD cell reselection implementation: especially TDD_Qoffset.

TDD_Qoffset: Offset added to the received level average of the serving cell and of the neighbor GSM cells

for UTRAN FDD cell reselection.

Possible values:

0: -32: Always select a 3G cell if possible 8: 0: 0 dB

1: -28: -28 dB 9: 4: 4 dB

2: -24: -24 dB 10: 8: 8 dB

3: -20: -20 dB 11: 12: 12 dB

4: -16: -16 dB 12: 16: 16 dB

5: -12: -12 dB 13: 20: 20 dB

6: -8: -8 dB 14: 24: 24 dB

7: -4: -4 dB 15: 28: 28 dB (2G cell reselection is preferred)

The B10 enhancement allowing 2G-to-3G cell reselection in PTM even when NC2 is activated is also applied

to 3G TDD.

So, when EN_2G_TO_3GTDD_CELL_RESELECTION = 3, it avoids Packet Measurement Order (PMO) to be sent

to the MS, so to activate NC2 when the Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) starts.

Other possible values for this parameter are:

� 0: Disabled,










Compressed INTER RAT HANDOVER INFO Element

� This feature is activated through the new parameter EN_COMPRESSED_INTER_RAT_INFO which can be set to:

� 0: disable.

� 1: enable.

Caution

This feature must be activated only if all the neighboring RNCs of this BSS support the feature.







Summary

� An MS can perform a 2G-to-3G cell reselection only if the 3G cell coverage is good.So, the MS takes into account the CPICH RSCP.

� 3G cell reselection at 2G CS call release enables to avoid double LA update.The cell(s) to reselect is(are) indicated to the MS if EN_FAST_3G_Reselection is enabled.

� The NC2 mode is not activated in PTM to allow 2G-to-3G cell reselection during packet transfer. This mode must be activated (new parameter) only if the 2G cell is well covered by 3G.

� The useless 2G-to-3G HOs are no more performed (2G not loaded). 2 new parameters are defined: a flag and a threshold.







Summary [cont.]

� 2G-3G TDD (TD-SCDMA) interoperability is possible:

� Incoming reselection and handover from 3G TDD are welcome.

� 2G-to-3G TDD reselection is possible: a flag and a 3G TDD cell list are added.

� To speed up call establishment, the INTER RAT HO INFO Element must be compressed. This feature is activated (new parameter) only if the information is understandable by the RNC.

� The 2G cell load information is always provided to the 3G network after a 3G-to-2G HO. So, the 2G overload can be anticipated and any next HO failure due to rejection can be avoided.







End of ModuleB9 B10 Telecom 2G-3G Mobility Improvements







1�4 Module 4B9 B10 Telecom Extended Dynamic Allocation








Telecom improvements � B9 B10 Telecom Extended Dynamic Allocation 1 � 4 � 2

Blank Page




Document History







Objectives

Describe the purpose of the "Extended Dynamic Allocation" feature and its telecom impacts







Objectives [cont.]








Table of Contents


1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 72 How Does It Work? 103 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 18








DA Mode

� In B9, during the lifetime of the uplink TBF, the MS needs to listen to the downlink PDCHs corresponding to its uplink assigned PDCHs. On one assigned PDCH, whenever the MS detects its USF, it is allowed to transmit on the same uplink PDCH in the next block period. This operating mode is called Dynamic Allocation (DA).

PDCH1DL TBF

UL TBF

DL TBF

UL TBF

USF

Data

PDCH2

The monitoring of all the downlink PDCHs

corresponding to its uplink assigned PDCHsallows the MS to support 2 uplink PDCHs maximum.

When an uplink Temporary Block Flow (TBF) is established for a Mobile Station (MS), the network provides

the MS with the list of the uplink Packet Data Channels (PDCHs) assigned for that TBF and the list of the

Uplink State Flag (USF) identifiers of this TBF. One unique USF is assigned per TBF and per assigned PDCH.








EDA Mode

� In B10, during the lifetime of the UL TBF, the MS does not need to monitor all the downlink PDCHs corresponding to its uplink assigned PDCHs. On one assigned PDCH, whenever the MS detects its USF, it is allowed to transmit on the same uplink PDCH and on all higher numbered assigned PDCHs in the next block period. This operating mode is called Extended Dynamic Allocation (EDA).

USF

Data

PDCH1DL TBF

UL TBF

PDCH2DL TBF

UL TBF

PDCH3DL TBF

UL TBF

In one block period, as the MS does not monitor all thedownlink PDCHs corresponding to its uplink assigned PDCHs,

it can support more uplink PDCHs.

When an uplink Temporary Block Flow (TBF) is established for a Mobile Station (MS), the network provides

the MS with the list of the uplink Packet Data Channels (PDCHs) assigned for that TBF and the list of the

Uplink State Flag (USF) identifiers of this TBF. One unique USF is assigned per TBF and per assigned PDCH.







2 How Does It Work?







2 How Does It Work?

MS Constraints

� Do you remember the constraints which limit the number of PDCHs to 2 in uplink when the MS is in Dynamic Allocation mode?Select the correct answers.

Simplex MS (type-1 MS)

Duplex MS (type-2 MS)

MS Multislot Class

MS Class A

MS Class B

MS Class C

Simplex MS or Type 1 MS:An MS without duplexer, so which is not able to transmit and receive at the same time.

Duplex MS or Type 2 MS:An MS with duplexer, so which is able to transmit and receive at the same time.

MS Multislot Class or MS Capacity:

It characterizes the number of TSs that one MS can monitor in the UL and the DL simultaneously.

MS Classes A, B and C:

Classes A, B and C define the ability of one MS to support simultaneously the "circuit switching" and the

"packet switching" services.







2 How Does It Work?

Tta, Ttb, Tra, Trb Parameters

� In Packet Transfer Mode (PTM), the MS performs measurements on neighbor cells. To be able to perform this task but also to be ready to transmit or to receive some data, a minimum time is required. This minimum time depends on the MS Multislot Class but also on the direction of transfer.

� Can you associate each parameter to its correct definition?Match each element on the left to its correct definition on the right.

Ttb

Tta

Trb

Tra

Time needed for the MS to get ready to transmit

Time needed for the MS to perform adjacent cell

signal level measurement and get ready to transmit

Time needed for the MS to perform adjacent cell

signal level measurement and get ready to receive

Time needed for the MS to get ready to receive







2 How Does It Work?

DA Mode versus EDA Mode

� In DA mode, the constraints of measurements per TDMA frame limits the number of Time Slots (TSs) in uplink.

� Let us consider an MS multislot class 12 in the diagrams below.

DA mode DL

UL

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ttb=1 Tra=2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 76 73 DL + 2 UL

EDA mode DL

UL

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Tta=2 Trb=1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 76 7

1 DL + 4 UL







2 How Does It Work?

GPRS Packet Connection Configurations

� The EDA mode allows the support of radio configurations with more uplink Time Slots.

MultiSlotclass

Tx[1][3]

Tta TraRx[1][2]

Sum[4]

Ttb TrbSupported GPRS Packet Connection configurations

Sub-optimal Optimal

1 1 1 2 3 2 24 No (1+1)

2 2 1 3 3 2 13 (1+1) (2+1)

3 2 2 3 3 2 13 (1+1) (2+1), w/ EDA: (1+2)

4 3 1 4 3 1 13 (1+1), (2+1) (3+1)

5 2 2 4 3 1 13 (1+1), (1+2), (2+1) (2+2)

6 3 2 4 3 1 13 (1+1), (1+2), (2+1) (2+2), (3+1)

7 3 3 4 3 1 13 (1+1), (2+1), (1+2) (3+1), (2+2), [5]

8 4 1 5 3 1 12 (1+1), (2+1), (3+1) (4+1)

9 3 2 5 3 1 12 (1+1), (2+1), (3+1), (1+2), (2+2) (3+2)

10 4 2 5 3 1 12 (1+1), (2+1), (3+1), (2+2), (1+2) (3+2), (4+1)

11 4 3 5 3 1 12(1+1), (2+2), (2+1), (3+1), (1+2),

w/ EDA: (1+3)C(3+2), (4+1), w/ EDA: (2+3)

12 4 4 5 2 1 12(1+1), (2+2), (2+1), (3+1), (1+2),

w/ EDA: (1+3)C(3+2), (4+1), w/ EDA: (2+3), (1+4)







2 How Does It Work?

UL Transmission Principle in DA Mode

� Let us consider an MS in PTM with 2 PDCHs in uplink. Can you find the radio blocks on which the MS is able to transmit?Find the correct radio blocks for each PDCH.

USF USF USF

USFUSFUSF USF

PDCHX

PDCHX+1

DL

UL

DL

UL

When an uplink TBF is established for an MS, the network provides the MS with the list of the uplink PDCHs

assigned for that TBF and the list of the USF identifiers of this TBF.

On one assigned PDCH, whenever the MS detects its USF, it is allowed to transmit on the same uplink PDCH

in the next block period.







2 How Does It Work?

Basic Rules in EDA Mode

� Let us consider one MS in PTM with 4 PDCHs numbered PDCH1, PDCH2, PDCH3 and PDCH4 in uplink.

MS

1

2

3

4

5

6

PDCH1 PDCH2 PDCH3 PDCH4

PDCH1 PDCH2 PDCH3 PDCH4

When an uplink TBF is established for an MS, the network provides the MS with the list of the uplink

PDCHs assigned for that TBF and the list of the USF identifiers of this TBF.

UL Transmission Principle in EDA Mode

1. The MS starts listening to PDCH1 and detects its USF and the first Uplink PDCH. So it is able to transmit

on PDCH1, PDCH2, PDCH3 and PDCH4.

2. If there is no USF at least for one radio block, the MS shifts its listening to the next PDCH (here PDCH2).

3. The MS detects its USF on PDCH2. So it is able to transmit on PDCH2, PDCH3 and PDCH4.

4. The MS is able to transmit because there is no USF at least for one radio block.

5. The MS detects its USF on PDCH4. So it is able to transmit on PDCH4.

6. The MS detects its USF on PDCH2. So it is able to transmit on PDCH2, PDCH3 and PDCH4 (shifting USF to

the left increases UL allocation).







2 How Does It Work?

UL Transmission Principle in EDA Mode

� Let us consider an MS in PTM with 3 PDCHs in uplink. On which radio blocks is the MS able to transmit?Find the correct radio blocks for each PDCH.

USF

PDCHX

DL

UL

USF

PDCHX+1

DL

UL

USF

PDCHX+2

DL

UL

USF USF








Activation of the EDA Feature

� Activation at cell level

The feature is activated through the EN_EDA O&M parameter.

� Activation at BSS level

When activated, the EDA mode can be allowed through the EDA_MS_ACTIVATION_LEVEL O&M parameter, only for the following MSs:

� All mobile stations (supporting the feature).

� R99 onwards mobile stations (supporting the feature).

� Rel-4 onwards mobile stations (supporting the feature).

� The EDA mode can be forbidden in case of DTM operations through the ALLOW_DTM_EDA_COMBINATION O&M parameter (at BSS level).

The EDA feature is optional for the network.

The activation of EDA at BSS level limits the interoperability risks with the Mobile Station releases.

In case of DTM multislot class 11, the 2+3 configuration is forbidden if the EDA mode is not enabled with

DTM.









� New MFS counters:

� NB_EDA_MS_CONTEXT_GPU (P594)

� NB_EDA_ALLOWED_UL_TBF (P597)

� NB_EDA_USED_UL_TBF (P596)

� CUMULATED_TIME_ACTIVE_UL_CONNECTED_TIME_EDA_MODE (P595)

� NB_DA_EDA_REALLOC_UL_TBF (P598)

NB_EDA_MS_CONTEXT_GPU (P594):

The number of EDA-capable GPRS and EGPRS MS contexts.

NB_EDA_ALLOWED_UL_TBF (P597):

The number of uplink TBFs belonging to mobile stations allowed to use the EDA mode.

NB_EDA_USED_UL_TBF (P596):

The number of uplink TBFs that have used at least one time the EDA mode during their lifetime.

CUMULATED_TIME_ACTIVE_UL_CONNECTED_TIME_EDA_MODE (P595):

The cumulated overall time of uplink TBFs in active state operating in EDA mode.

NB_DA_EDA_REALLOC_UL_TBF (P598):

The number of reallocations between the DA and EDA modes for uplink TBF.







Summary

� The "Extended Dynamic Allocation" feature offers the MS the possibility to have more than 2 PDCHs in uplink if its multislot class allows it.

� When the EDA feature is activated:

� The MS does not need to monitor all the PDCHscorresponding to its uplink assigned PDCHs.

� When the MS detects an assigned USF value for any assigned uplink PDCH, the MS is allowed to transmit on that PDCH and all higher numbered assigned PDCHs.

� The EDA is an option and is activable thanks to new telecom parameters.

� EDA is possible with multislot classes 1-12.

� The DTM and EDA features can be combined.

� There are new MFS counters.







End of ModuleB9 B10 Telecom Extended Dynamic Allocation







1�5 Module 5B9 B10 Telecom Adaptive Multi Rate - Wide Band








Telecom improvements � B9 B10 Telecom Adaptive Multi Rate - Wide Band 1 � 5 � 2

Blank Page




Document History







Objectives

Describe the purpose of the "Adaptive Multi Rate – WideBand" feature and its telecom and O&M impacts







Objectives [cont.]








Table of Contents


1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 72 How Does It Work? 103 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 164 What Are the O&M Impacts? 20








Adaptive Codecs in B9

� AMR NarrowBand (AMR-NB) uses a sampling rate of 8 kHz to digitize an audio signal in the range of 200 to 3400 Hz.

SF(20 ms)

Speech

Coding

Channel

Coding

N bits

bit rate R

456 (FR)or

228 (HR) bits

Sampling rate: 8 kHz forNBVoice bandwidth: 200 Hz – 3.4 kHz








Adaptive Codecs in B10

� What differences AMR WideBand (AMR-WB) from AMR-NB is the much higher sampling rate. Indeed, AMR-WB uses an overall sampling rate of 16 kHz to include audible frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 7000 Hz. In 2G, this feature allows to improve voice quality and enables service continuity.

SF(20 ms)

Speech

Coding

Channel

Coding

N bits

bit rate R

456 (FR)or

228 (HR) bits

Sampling rate: 16 kHz for WBVoice bandwidth: 50 Hz – 7 kHz







2 How Does It Work?







2 How Does It Work?

AMR-WB Principles

� Do you remember the principles of AMR-NB?Select the correct statements.

With non adaptive codecs, the share of each coding is FIXED, thus not optimized.

Adaptive codecs use a variable balance between speech coding and channel coding.

When radio conditions are good, adaptive codecs increase speech information.

When radio conditions are bad, adaptive codecs protect speech information.

“Codec mode adaptation” is the change from one FR channel to an HR one and vice versa independently from the codec mode.

The dynamic change from one codec to another codec, using the same channel (FR or HR) is called “Channel Mode adaptation”.







2 How Does It Work?

AMR-WB Principles [cont.]

� Are the following statements about the AMR-NB principles true or false?Select the correct answers.

True

The BTS adapts the codec to the radio link condition among a subset of codecs

The TC adapts the codec to the radio link condition among a subset of codecs

With AMR-NB, maximum 4 codec modes are used for a given call

The same codec subset is used for both the uplink and the downlink

The codecs used in uplink and in downlinkcan be different: the adaptation is

independent in each direction

False







2 How Does It Work?

AMR-WB Principles [cont.]

� Adaptive codecs use a variable balance between speech coding and channel coding. When radio conditions are good, adaptive codec codecsincrease speech information. When radio conditions are bad, adaptive codecs protect speech information.

� 3 codec modes are defined: 12.65 kbit/s, 8.85 kbit/s and 6.60 kbit/s.

Bad

Medium

Good

Lower bit rates of 6.60 and 8.85 should only be used during bad and medium

radio conditions.

Reasonable quality especially if compared to

narrowband codec.

The 12.65-kbit/s bit rate provides excellent speech

quality when radio conditions are good.







2 How Does It Work?

Codec Mode Adaptation after Link Quality Measurements

� The BTS and the MS perform link quality measurements to decide if it is necessary to change the codec mode.

The metric used for codec mode adaptation is based on the measurement of the signal

over interference ratio (C/I).

SF1SF2SF3SF4

Measurement Report (MR)

Voice: SF23SF24SF25SF26

Measurement Report (MR)

Link quality measurements

AMR-WB operates like AMR-NB with various bit rates.

At TCH establishment, the list of usable codec modes and associated parameters are provided to the BTS and

to the MS:

� All parameters are configurable at OMC-R.

� The associated parameters should be tuned for a given list of codec modes.

For an on-going call, the BTS and the MS perform link quality measurements to decide if it is necessary to

change the codec mode that is used:

� In uplink direction, link quality measurements are performed by the BTS. If necessary, the BTS requests the

MS to change the uplink codec mode.

� In downlink direction, link quality measurements are performed by the MS. If necessary, the MS asks the

BTS to change the downlink codec mode.







2 How Does It Work?

Codec Mode Adaptation after Threshold Comparison

� The BTS and the MS perform link quality measurements to decide if it is necessary to change the codec mode.

Thresholds comparison

C/I norm

High

Low

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_2 + AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_2

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_2

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_1 + AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_1

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_1

CODEC_MODE_3(less robust)

CODEC_MODE_2

CODEC_MODE_1(most robust)

AMR-WB operates like AMR-NB with various bit rates.

At TCH establishment, the list of usable codec modes and associated parameters are provided to the BTS and

to the MS:

� All parameters are configurable at OMC-R.

� The associated parameters should be tuned for a given list of codec modes.

For an on-going call, the BTS and the MS perform link quality measurements to decide if it is necessary to

change the codec mode that is used:

� In uplink direction, link quality measurements are performed by the BTS. If necessary, the BTS requests the

MS to change the uplink codec mode.

� In downlink direction, link quality measurements are performed by the MS. If necessary, the MS asks the

BTS to change the downlink codec mode.








Uplink Codec Adaptation

� In-Band Signaling in Uplink Codec Adaptation

� After analysis of the uplink radio link, the BTS asks the MS for the most optimal codec of the codec subset via a Codec Mode Command. The MS must apply this command for the next uplink speech frame containing the Codec Mode Indication.

Codec Mode Command(new codec mode)

MS BTS TC

C/I evaluation &thresholds comparison

Codec Mode Indication(new codec mode)









Downlink Codec Adaptation

� In-Band Signaling in Downlink Codec Adaptation

� After analysis of the downlink radio link, the MS asks the BTS for the most optimal codec of the codec subset via a Codec Mode Request. The BTS must apply this request for the next downlink speech frame containing the Codec Mode Indication.

Codec Mode Request(new codec mode)

MS BTS TC

C/I evaluation &thresholds comparison



Codec Mode Request(new codec mode)








Pre-Requisites for AMR-WB

� The AMR-WB feature is used with the new MT-120WB transcoder board.

� TFO is a prerequisite for AMR-WB. Indeed, without TFO, all benefits from WB speech coding are lost because of transcoding from AMR-WB to NB.

MS/UE

PLMNA

TranscodingFunction

Encoding

Decoding

ITU-T G.711 A-Law/? -Law

Wideband Narrowband Pseudo Wideband

PLMNB

MS/UE

TranscodingFunction

Encoding

Decoding

Compressed SpeechCompressed Speech








Configuration Management

� Via the OMC-R, the operator can configure the following AMR-WB parameters:

� EN_AMR_WB_GMSK: to enable/disable the AMR-WB feature in a cell.

� AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_x and AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_x: to configure the threshold and hysteresis values.

� New OMC-R counters:

� EN_AMR_WB_GMSK

� AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_1

� AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_2

� AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_1

� AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_2

EN_AMR_WB_GMSK:

This flag controls whether or not AMR-WB GMSK is allowed in the cell.

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_1:

The threshold for the AMR-WB GMSK codec mode adaptation between the lowest codec mode and the

second lowest codec mode.

Default = 6dB

AMR_WB_GMSK_THR_2:

The threshold for the AMR-WB GMSK codec mode adaptation between the second lowest codec mode and

the highest codec mode.

Default= 8dB

AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_1:

The hysteresis for the AMR-WB GMSK codec mode adaptation, for transition between the lowest codec mode

and the second lowest codec mode.

Default= 2.5dB

AMR_WB_GMSK_HYST_2:

The hysteresis for the AMR-WB GMSK codec mode adaptation, for transition between the highest codec mode

and the second lowest codec mode.

Default= 2.5dB









� RMS Measurement

� The purpose of the RMS counters is to monitor the usage of each allowed AMR-WB codec mode compared to the link level, in order to help the operator tune the AMR parameters (thresholds and hysteresis).

� As in AMR-NB, two types of RMS measurements can be provided:

� RMS_WB_bad_speech:

Distributions showing speech quality of AMR_WB (number of bad speech frames per codec). 1 vector shall be defined.

� RMS_WB_RX_level:

Matrixes showing the usage of AMR_WB codecs compared to RXLEV (total number of good speech frames per codec gathered in RXLEV intervals).

2 matrixes must be implemented:

� AMR-WB uplink,

� AMR-WB downlink.








Performance Management [cont.]

� New RMS Counters

� AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_UL_BAD

� MAX_AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_UL_BAD

� AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_UL_RXLEV_UL

� MAX_AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_UL_RXLEV_UL

� AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_DL_RXLEV_DL

� MAX_AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_DL_RXLEV_DL

Measured object: TRX/Type 31 (RMS):

AMR_WB_GMSK_FR_UL_BAD (Rms41a):

The number of bad speech frames using any AMR_WB FR codec in uplink (vector of 3 values).

MAX_AMR_WB_ GMSK_FR_UL_BAD (Rms41b):

The greatest value of the Rms41a.

AMR_WB_ GMSK_FR_UL_RXLEV_UL (Rms42a):

The number of good speech frames using any AMR_WB FR gathered in RXLEV intervals in uplink (Matrix of

10 X 3 values).

MAX_AMR_WB_ GMSK_FR_UL_RXLEV_UL (Rms42b):

The greatest value of the Rms42a gathered in RXLEV intervals.

AMR_WB_ GMSK_FR_DL_RXLEV_DL (Rms43a):

The number of good speech frames using any AMR_WB FR gathered in RXLEV intervals in downlink (Matrix

of 10 X 3 values).

MAX_AMR_WB_ GMSK_FR_DL_RXLEV_DL (Rms43b):

The greatest value of the Rms43a gathered in RXLEV intervals.








Performance Management [cont.]

� New BSC Counters

� NB_TCH_NOR_AMR_WB_GMSK_ALLOC

� NB_TCH_AMR_WB_GMSK_REQ

� NB_TCH_NOR_ASS_PREP_FAIL_PMIS

� NB_INC_EXT_TCH_HO_PREP_FAIL_PMIS

Measured object: Cell/type 110

NB_TCH_NOR_AMR_WB_GMSK_ALLOC (MC931)

The number of TCH normal assignment/mode modify in AMR-WB usage (whose channel is allocated in the

BSC).

NB_TCH_AMR_WB_GMSK_REQ (MC932)

The number of TCH normal assignment requests from AMR-WB mobiles.

NB_TCH_NOR_ASS_PREP_FAIL_PMIS (MC933)

The number of assignment failures (cause circuit pool mismatch).

NB_INC_EXT_TCH_HO_PREP_FAIL_PMIS (MC934)

The number of handover failures (cause circuit pool mismatch).







Summary

� The FR AMR-WB feature is known as FR sv5 and issupported in ALU BSS B10.

� 3 codec modes are defined: 12.65 kbit/s, 8.85 kbit/sand 6.60 kbit/s.

� What differences AMR-WB from AMR-NB is the much higher sampling rate.

� AMR-WB is needed in 2G for improved voice quality and service continuity.

� AMR-WB operates like AMR-NB with various bit rates.

� Like in AMR-NB, the chosen codec mode is based on the radio conditions.

� The AMR-WB feature is used with the new MT-120WB transcoder board.

� TFO is a prerequisite for AMR-WB.







End of ModuleB9 B10 Telecom Adaptive Multi Rate - Wide Band







1�6 Module 6Abbreviations






Telecom improvements � Abbreviations



1 � 6 � 2

Blank Page




Document History







1 � 6 � 3

Abbreviations and Accronyms

� Switch to notes view!2G second Generation 3G third Generation 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 8-PSK 8-state Phase Shift Keying

A AGCH Access Grant Channel AMR Adaptive Multi Rate B BCC main BCCH mode BCCH Broadcast Control Channel BSC Base Station Controller BSCGP Base Station Controller GPRS Protocol BSS Base Station Subsystem BTS Base Transceiver Station C C/I Carrier over Interference ratio CBC main combined BCCH mode CBCH Cell Broadcast Channel CBH main combined BCCH with CBCH CCCH Common Control Channel CCH Control Channel CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CMD Command CPICH Common Pilot Channel CPICH Ec/No received energy per chip divided by the power density in the band CS Circuit Switching CSCN Circuit-Switched Core Network D

DA Dynamic Allocation dB decibel DCCH Dedicated Control Channel DL DownLink DTM Dual Transfer Mode E EDA Extended Dynamic Allocation EGPRS Enhanced General Packet Radio Service F FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel FCCH Frequency Correction Channel FDD Frequency Division Duplex FR Full Rate G

GERAN GSM Edge Radio Access Network GMM GPRS Mobility Management GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying GPRS General Packet Radio Service GPU GPRS Packet Unit GSM Global System for Mobile communications GTTP GPRS Transparent Tunneling Protocol







1 � 6 � 4

Abbreviations and accronyms [cont.]

� Switch to notes view!H

HO HandOver HR Half Rate Hz Hertz I

IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity K

kHz KiloHertz

L LA Location Area LDAPm Link Access Protocol on the Dm channel LLC Logical Link Control M MFS Multi-BSS Fast Packet Server Ms millisecond MS Mobile Station MSC Mobile services Switching Center Mx Measurement N NB NarrowBand NC0 Network Control cell reselection mode 0 NC2 Network Control cell reselection mode 2 O O&M Operation and Maintenance OMC Operation and Maintenance Center OMC-R Operation and Maintenance Center-Radio P

PACCH Packet Associated Control Channel PBCCH Packet Broadcast Control Channel PCCCH Packet Control Common Channel PCH Paging Channel PDCH Packet Data Channel PDU Packet Data Unit PIM Packet Idle Mode PLMN Public Land Mobile Network PM Performance Management PMO Packet Measurement Order PPCH Packet Paging Channel PS Packet Switching PSCN Packet-Switched Core Network PSI Packet System Information PTM Packet Transfer Mode R

RA Routing Area RACH Random Access Channel RAT Radio Access Technoogy RMS Radio Measurement Statistics RNC Radio Network Controller RR Radio Resource RSCP Received Signal Code Power Rx Reception







1 � 6 � 5

Abbreviations and accronyms [cont.]

� Switch to notes view!S

SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel SCH Synchronization Channel SDC Main SDCCH mode SDCCH Standalone Dedicated Control Channel SDD Dynamic SDC SDH SDC with one channel dedicated to SMS broadcast SF Speech Frame SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node SI System Information T TBF Temporary Block Flow TCH Traffic Channel TCU TRX Control Unit TDD Time Division Duplex TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TD-SCDMA Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access TFO Tandem Free Operation TN Time slot Number TRX Transceiver TS Technical Specification TS Time Slot Tx Transmission U UARFCN UMTS Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number UE User Equipment UL UpLink UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System USF Uplink State Flag UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network W

WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WB WideBand







1 � 6 � 6

End of ModuleAbbreviations

b9-b10 telecom evolution

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