b t1 11-45 qualcomm lattice mipi vgi for sideband gpio · • mipi vgi rev-1 (3-wire) max speed:...

Lalan Mishra Satwant SinghPrincipal Engineer Sr. Director Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Lattice Semiconductor

MIPIVGISMforSidebandGPIOandMessagingConsolidationonMobileSystem

©2017MIPIAlliance,Inc.

Agenda• TheProblemStatement• VirtualGPIOInterface(MIPIVGISM):Concept• MIPIVGISM Architecture• ApplicationScenarios• Summary• Q&A

2


MobileConnectivityExpansionTrends

3

Cellularq 2G/3G/4G è LTE-Advanced è 5G

WiFi

q 802.11a/b/g/n/ac èax 802.11ad/WiGig

Video

q VGA/SD/HD è 4K è 8K

Docking

q Charging/audio/video èProductivity, Games and External Storage

Mobile Influencedq Drones, IoT, Automotive, ….q CAT-1 to CAT-3 Low-Power LTE

Modem Support


TheProblemofSidebandProliferation

4

ApplicationsProcessor(SoC)

Modem WirelessLANBluetooth

GigabitWirelessLAN(60-GHz)

GPIOs:x9

CLKR

EQ

WAK

EUP

RESET

EN

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

CLKR

EQWAK

EUP

RESET

CLKR

EQ

WAK

EUP

RESET

EN

STAT

US

ERR

CHNL_RD

Y

P_DN

P_DNGPIOs:

x5GPIOs:x5

Companion/Bridge-Chip

CLKR

EQ

WAK

EUP

RESET

EN

P_ON

INT1

INT2

INT3

GPIOs:x8

O/P

O/P

O/P I/P

O/P

O/P

O/P I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

PWR_

ON

VOL_UP

VOL_DN

HOME

BACK

LOCK

MUTE

LID

GPIOs:x8

CHG_

LED_

R

CHG_

LED_

G

CHG_

LED_

B

WiFi_ON

BT_O

N

MEM

_ACC

ESS

GPIOs:x6

Ethernet

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

OptionalConnector


TheProblemofSidebandProliferation

5

Domain NumberofSideband I/O

Camera/Imaging 6to12

AudioCODEC 4to7

CellularModem 3to10

WirelessLANModem 3to10

Bridge Chip 3to8

SensorHub 4to18

TypicalSidebandUtilization

TypicalSidebandGPIOs:23to65


MIPIVGISM:SolutiontoSidebandProliferation

6


WWAN WiFi/BT 60-GHz

SDIO/H

SIC/USB

/PC

Ie

SDIO/H

SIC/USB

/PC

Ie

I/OLinesx2

High-SpeedHub

O/P

O/P

O/P I/P

O/P

O/P

O/P I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

I/P

PWR_

ON

VOL_UP

VOL_DN

HOME

BACK

LOCK

MUTE

LID

CHG_

LED_

R

CHG_

LED_

G

CHG_

LED_

B

WiFi_ON

BT_O

N

MEM

_ACC

ESS

Ethernet

MIPIVGII/OExpander

I/OLinesx2

I/OLinesx2

I/OLinesx2

MIPIV

GI

I/OLinesx2

Modem


Modem WirelessLANBluetooth

GigabitWirelessLAN(60-GHz)

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

Companion/Bridge-ChipPC

Ie/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

PCIe/M

-PCIe/

HSIC/U

SB

OptionalConnector

MIPIV

GI

MIPIV

GI

MIPI

VGI

MIPI

VGI


MIPIVGISM:TheConcept

7

• MIPIVGI consolidatesN-sidebandGPIOsandsub-100MHzserialmessagingover2or3 wireinterfaceinaPoint-to-Pointconfiguration

• 2-wireMIPIVGI:Asynchronous,Full-Duplex(4-Mbpsmax.)

• 3-wireMIPIVGI:Synchronous,Full-Duplex

• MIPIVGIRev-1(3-wire)MaxSpeed:76.8MHz

SBGP

IOs

Txà Rx

Virtual GPIO Interface(MIPI VGI)

ü Consolidates Low Speed Messaging Interface and and Sideband GPIOs (N-pins to 2/3-pins reduction)

LSMsg

SBGP

IOs

MIPIVGI

MIPIVGI

Dev-1

Rxß Tx

Clock(Opt.)

NSidebandGPIOs

Dev-2

Dev-1 Dev-2


LimitationofConventionalTechniques

ü HLOSprocessinglatencyvarieswidelyü Deep-sleeptoactive-statetypicallatency:Typicallyà 30to100-mSü TiminguncertaintynotsuitableforthekeyIPCside-bandsignaling

SoCInternalBusSoC

CoreProcessor

C2CComm.IPBlock

LowPowerModeSystemManager

ClockGenerator

LP-DDR

2

1

3

4

5

6IPCside-bandBusSub-System

SoC

e.g.,I2C,UART,SPI

8


MIPIVGISMArchitecturalBlock-Diagram

9


MIPIVGISM PhysicalInterface:2-wireor3-wire

MIPIVGIDevice#

1

MIPIVGIDevice#

2

Txà Rx

Rxß Tx

CLK

1

2

Asynchronous MIPI VGIq Initial and Power State Transition mode communication over 2-wire, 4-Mbps max.

1

2 Synchronous MIPI VGIq Common clock (Up to 76.8 MHz in VGI Rev-1)q Sleep clock based operation supported in Low Power Modes

10


MIPIVGISM TechniquesAt-a-Glance

11


MIPIVGISM Roadmap# VGIFeatures VGIv1.0 VGINext

1 2-wireand3-wireI/Fsupport ü ü

2 Default PWMencoding ü ü

3 UARTEncoding ü ü

4 PM-PWMEncoding(Phase-ModulatedPWM) - ü

5 2-wiremodemaxthroughput 4Mbps 8Mbps(PM-PWM)

6 3-wiremodemaxthroughput 76.8Mbps 153.6Mbps

7 1.2V,1.8V Operationsupport ü ü

8 1-wiremodesupport - ü

12


MIPIVGISM Init SequencePONReset

• HostVGImodulegetsinitializedwiththepresetnumberofGPIOs.

• Host’sTxo/plevelissettoLOW• Host’sRxisreadyforinputlevelread-Input=LOW=>Slavenotready-Input=HIGH=>Slaveready

IsSlaveVGIready?

• Hostsendsenumeration-initiationpacket• Slaveresponds

FurtherCommunicationasneeded

Fromthispointonwards

No

Yes

13


Synchronous3-WireMIPIVGISM

14


Asynchronous2-wireMIPIVGISM:UARTMode

D0

Start-BitIntermediate

Stop-Bit Stop-Bit

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Illustration#1:8-bitframe

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3


D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3


D0 D1 D2 D3

15


Asynchronous2-wireMIPIVGISM:UARTModeH/W Flow Control over Tx/Rx eliminates RTS/CTS physical pins

Tx Rx

TxRx

RTS CTS

CTS RTS

Device-1UART Device-2UART

Tx Rx

TxRx

Tx_BufferandTransmitFlowControl

Logic

Rx_BufferandReceiveFlowControl

Logic

Tx_BufferandTransmitFlowControl

Logic

Rx_BufferandReceiveFlowControl

Logic

Device-1UART

Tx

TxRx

Rx

CTS

CTSRTS

RTS

Device-2UART

16


AsynchronousMIPIVGISM:Phase-ModulatedPWM

17


MIPIVGISM ProtocolStart-bit

0Fn_Bit-0 Fn_Bit-1

GPIO/MsgBit-0

GPIO/MsgBit-1

GPIO/MsgBit-2

GPIO/MsgBit-(n-1)

GPIO/MsgBit-n

Stop-bit1

…………..

Stream-LnBit-(n-1)

Type_Bit(vGPIO/Msg)

Stream-LnBit-0

Stream-LnBit-1

Stream-LnBit-n…………..

FollowingbitsarevGPIOstates0

1 Followingbitsaremessagebits.0

0 Followingbit-streamrepresentthevGPIOstreamlengthtobesetonthereceiverside.1

1 Followingbit-streamrepresentthenewvGPIOstreamlengthacknowledgementw.r.tthepreviouslyreceivedstream-lengthprogrammingcommand.1

0

Function_Bits Description

NOTE:Themechanismhasafixedoverheadoftwo-bitsoverthebase-linevGPIOimplementation.

Type_Bit1=>vGPIO0=>Msg

18


MIPIVGISM FSMIntegrationwithMIPII3CSM

Host(Master)SoC

Camera#1

Camera#2

Sensor#1

TouchScreen

Controller

Peripheral#n

I3CBusI3C

AdditionalSidebandSignals

GPIOI/P

GPIOO/P

1

Data

CLK

Standby

Reset 24

5

1

2

3

3Flash

Standby 16

7 2Reset

Enable 18

9 2Reset

Enable 110

11 2Reset

Enable 112

13 2Reset

Wakeup 314

Periph-Adrs:0x01

Periph-Adrs:0x02

Periph-Adrs:0x03

Periph-Adrs:0x04

Periph-Adrs:0xn

• VGIFSMcouldbeintegratedwithaserialinterfaceofchoice,suchasMIPII3C(SM)

• I3C(SM)supportsMIPIVGIintegrationthroughdedicatedCommonCommandcodes(CCC)supportinI3C(SM) v1.0

• HelpsreduceHardwareeventpinsatsystemlevel

19


MIPIVGISM FSMIntegrationwithMIPII3CSM

HostSoC

Peripheral#1

Peripheral#2

Peripheral#3

Peripheral#(n-1)

Peripheral#n

I3CBusI3CIP

VGI

VGI

VGI

VGI

VGI

VGI

I3C

I3C

I3C

I3C

I3C

Data

CLK• HWEventsideband

signalsareeliminated

• VGI-FSM(FiniteStateMachine)performsI3C(SM) messageencoding/decodingforHWeventsandthusfreesuptheassociatedCPUonthehost-SoCforthesetasks.

• ImpactisreducedLatencyandPowerconsumption.

20


ComparingMIPIVGISM

StandardizedControlMethods

SymmetricControl

VariableClocking

VGI

UART

SPI

RFFE

I3C

ReferenceClock

Point-to-MultiPoint

Open-Drain/RCDependent

• SPI– Master-Slaveapproach– Customimplementations,nocommonmethods

• MIPII3C(SM)

– Multi-MasterMulti-Slave,Open-Drainapproach– In-bandinterrupts

• MIPIRFFE(SM)

– Master-MultiMulti-Slaveapproach

• UART– Customimplementations,requiresreferenceclocks

• MIPIVGI(SM)

– Symmetriccontrolapproach(NoMasterNoSlave)– Initializationfromeitherside

21


ComparingMIPIVGISM - Clocking• UART

– RequiresReferenceClockwithAgreedrates• SPI,MIPII3C(SM),MIPIRFFE(SM)

– ClockisforwardedfromMastertoSlave• MIPIVGI(SM)

– UsingRO-PWMPHYoption,theclockingisforwardedwithdata

– OnlyTransmitterrequiresclocktocreatetelegrams

– Receivercapturestelegramswithoutinternalclock• Usefulfordeviceswhichpowerdown• Usefulforverysimplewrite-onlydevices(LED

bank)

StandardizedControlMethods

SymmetricControl

VariableClocking

VGI

UART

SPI

RFFE

I3C

ReferenceClock

Point-to-MultiPoint

Open-Drain/RCDependent

22


PhasedMIPIVGISM Adoption– LeveragingSmallerFPGAs

DeviceA(e.g.,Host)

DeviceB(e.g.,

Peripheral)VGI

þVGI-ReadyþVGI-Ready

DeviceA DeviceB

þVGI-Ready ýVGI-Ready

SmallFPGAVGI

DeviceA DeviceB

ýVGI-Ready

SmallFPGA

ýVGI-Ready

SmallFPGAVGI

FPGAVGIBridging:Case-3



NativeVGIInterface

þFullVGIAdoption PartialVGIAdoption

PartialVGIAdoption NoVGIAdoption

þVGI-ReadyýVGI-Ready

DeviceA DeviceBSmallFPGA VGISB/

GPIOsSB/GPIOs

SB/GPIOs

Acrossconnectors,cables,hingesorpogo-pinsetc.

SB/GPIOs

SB:SidebandSignals

Sideband(SB)/GPIOs+Messaging

23


Summaryq SidebandGPIOsaddtoSoC andPCBlevelcostandcomplexity

q MIPIVGIconsolidatessidebandGPIOsandLow-SpeedserialmessaginginterfaceinP2PconfigurationtoreduceI/Opins

q Both2and3-wireinterfaceoptionsareavailable

q CommonPWMstart-upmodeensuresinteroperability

q TheVGIFSMcanbecombinedwithanyotherinterfacebusofchoice,e.g.I3C(SM)VGI

q TheMIPIVGISpecificationistobereleasedin2018

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b t1 11-45 qualcomm lattice mipi vgi for sideband gpio · • mipi vgi rev-1 (3-wire) max speed:...

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