1. RDS Write i/o BenchmarK AWS RDS instance type comparison Roberto Gaiser @rgaiser

2. RDS MySQL / Oracle / SQL Server Running on EC2 managed by AWS, patches, replication and backup EBS (Elastic Block Store) for storage EBS = network block device Black Box = no shell access 1 EC2 Compute Unit =1.0-1.2 GHz 2007 Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor

3. RDS MySQL / Oracle / SQL Server Running on EC2 managed by AWS, patches, replication and backup EBS (Elastic Block Store) for storage EBS = network block device Black Box = no shell access 1 EC2 Compute Unit =1.0-1.2 GHz 2007 Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor

4. Instance Comparison EC2 Compute Memory GB Cores Price/Hour * Unit Small 1.7 1 1 $0.105 Large 7.5 4 2 $0.415 XLarge 15.0 8 4 $0.830 2XLarge 34.0 13 4 $1.170 4XLarge 68.0 26 8 $2.340* Price for us-east-1

5. Instance Comparison EC2 Compute Memory Price/Hour Unit Small 1 1.0 1.0 Large 4 4.4 4.0XLarge 8 8.8 7.92XLarge 13 20.0 11.14XLarge 26 40.0 22.3

6. Instance Comparison Instance Types Comparison 70 60 50Memory GB 40 31 21 11 1 1 5 8 12 15 19 22 26 EC2 Compute Unit Small Large XLarge 2XLarge 4XLarge

7. Test Setup MySQL Two data sets: Increase instance size Increase EBS size Different days and periods 5.5.20 max_connections parameter

8. Test Setup Ubuntu 12.04 LTS AMI Ubuntu 12.04 LTS AMI ami-a29943cb mysqlslap from Ubuntu MySQL repository EC2 High-CPU Medium c1.medium Disk I/O bound: insert and commit

9. mysqlslapmysqlslap -uXXXX -pXXXXX --concurrency=1,5,10,20,30,50,100,200,400 --engine=innodb --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=write --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes=1 --commit=1 --number-of-queries=40000 --iterations=5 -h XXXXX.rds.amazonaws.com --csv=XXXXXX.csv

10. mysqlslapmysqlslap -uXXXX -pXXXXX --concurrency=1,5,10,20,30,50,100,200,400 --engine=innodb --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=write --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes=1 --commit=1 --number-of-queries=40000 --iterations=5 -h XXXXX.rds.amazonaws.com --csv=XXXXXX.csv

11. EBS x Instance Type Chart using the 100GB EBS volume data Same EBS on all tests EBS are not created equal No replication us-east-1

12. Change Instance Type RDS Instance MySQL EBS Volume EBS Volume RDS Instance MySQL

13. 100GB EBS

14. 100GB EBS

15. 100GB EBS

16. 100GB EBS

17. 100GB EBS

18. Guerrilla Capacity planning N C(N ) = 1 + (N 1) + N (N 1) Universal Scalability Law (USL) http://www.perfdynamics.com/Manifesto/USLscalability.html Guerrilla Mantra 1.16: Data are not divine. Data comes from the Devil, only models come from God. Guerrilla Mantra 2.25: All measurements are wrong by denition. R using nls() http://www.perfdynamics.com/Classes/Materials/USLcalc.r

19. 100GB EBS

20. 100GB EBS

21. 100GB EBS

22. 100GB EBS

23. 100GB EBS

24. 100GB EBS

25. N Max X Maxsmall 59.48 1660.29 large 88.46 3859.50xlarge 134.40 6068.012xlarge 204.00 7228.874xlarge 217.55 8172.99

26. N Max X Max N X small 59.48 1660.29 1.00 1.00 large 88.46 3859.50 1.49 2.32xlarge 134.40 6068.01 2.26 3.652xlarge 204.00 7228.87 3.43 4.354xlarge 217.55 8172.99 3.66 4.92

27. X Max

28. N Max

29. contention coherencysmall 0.0590 2.66E-04 large 0.0586 1.20E-04xlarge 0.0466 5.30E-052xlarge 0.0403 2.3E-054xlarge 0.0360 2.0E-05

30. contention coherency small 0.0590 2.66E-04 1.00 1.00 large 0.0586 1.20E-04 0.99 0.45xlarge 0.0466 5.30E-05 0.79 0.202xlarge 0.0403 2.30E-05 0.68 0.094xlarge 0.0360 2.00E-05 0.61 0.08

31. Instance type x EBS Same instance and EBS endpoints for each test EBS are not created equal No replication us-east-1

32. Change EBS SizeRDS Instance MySQL EBS VolumeRDS Instance MySQL EBS Volume

33. Large Instance

34. XLarge Instance

35. 2XLarge Instance

36. 4XLarge Instance

37. Small Instance

38. EC2 Price/ Compute Memory N Max X Max Unit Hoursmall 1.0 1.0 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.0 large 4.0 4.4 0.99 1.49 2.32 4.0xlarge 8.0 8.8 0.79 2.26 3.65 7.92xlarge 13.0 20.0 0.68 3.43 4.35 11.14xlarge 26.0 40.0 0.61 3.66 4.92 22.3

39. Conclusion EBS size has no effect on I/O performance Small instances are more affected by other instances on the same server Larger instances have a greater share of the physical resources, more network throughput translates to more EBS I/O

40. Conclusion More instances on the same server, more concurrency. increases Small decrease in increases the throughput by a large amount EBS are not created equal