avogadro's law
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac of France studied the
volume relationship of reacting gases.
In 1809, he published his results. He summarized
in a statement known as GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW OF
COMBINING VOLUMES OF GASES: When measured
at the same temperature and pressure, the ratios
of the volumes of reacting gases are the small
whole numbers.
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
H2 + Cl2 2 HCl
1 volume 1 volume 2 volumes
1 molecule 1 molecule 2 molecules
1 mol 1 mol 2 mol
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
AVOGADRO’S LAW states that equal volumes of
different gases at the same temperature and
pressure contain the same number of molecules.
If the amount of gas in a container is increased, the
volume is increased.
If the amount of gas in a container is decreased,
the volume is decreased.
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
As you increase the
amount of gas (i.e.
through inhalation) the
volume of the balloon
increases likewise.
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
This law was a real breakthrough in understanding the
nature of gases.
1. It offered a rational explanation of Gay-Lussac’s law
of combining volumes of gases and indicated the
diatomic nature of elemental gases, such as hydrogen,
chlorine and oxygen.
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
2. It provided a method for determining the
molecular weights of gases of known molecular
weight.
3. It afforded a firm foundation for the development
of the kinetic molecular theory.
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
The mathematical form of Avogadro’s law is:
V ; V1 = V2
n n1 n2
Sample problem 1
A sample of gas with a volume of 9.20 L is known to contain 1.225 mol.
If the amount of gas is increased to 2.85 mol, what new volume will
result if the pressure and temperature remain constant?
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
Solution
Given: V1 = 9.20 L V2 = ?
n1 = 1.225 mol n2 = 2.85 mol
Solution:
V2 = n2V1 = (2.85 mol) (9.20 L) = 21.4 L
n1 (1.225 mol)
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
Sample exercises
1. If 0.25 mol of argon gas occupies a volume of 7.62
mL at a particular temperature and pressure, what
volume would 0.43 mol of argon have under the
same conditions?
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Avogadro’s lawAvogadro’s law
Sample exercises
2. At a certain temperature and pressure, a balloon with
10.0 g of oxygen has a volume of 7.00 L. What is
the volume after 5.00 g of oxygen is added to the
balloon?
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The EndThe End
….. Thank You …..