avances de los ods latino américa y el caribe pnud

Bureau for Policy and Programme SupportLatin America & the Caribbean

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plementing the 2030 Agenda

LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEANM

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Source: UN 2015 MDG Report

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PovertySI

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IS The region reached the target of halving the extreme poverty rate, with the proportion of people living on less than $1.25 a day falling from 13 percent in 1990 to 4 percent in 2015. However, disparities remain large among the two sub-regions. The extreme poverty rate was 22 percent in the Caribbean and 4 percent in Latin America

When using the extreme poverty line of $2.5 per day, about 11.5 percent of the region’s population lived in extreme poverty in 2013

Close to 95 percent of the region’s population is situated above the international multidimensional poverty line. Despite this, there are population groups that are exposed to vulnerabilities and forms of exclusion that limit their capacities and potential achievements in terms of well-being

Some 25 to 30 million people in the region are in a vulnerable situation and are at risk of falling into income poverty

Source: UN MDG Report 2015; Regional HDR for LAC 2016

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HungerSI

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IS The region has reached the hunger reduction target. The proportion of undernourished people has decreased from 15 percent in 1990–1992 to 6 percent in 2014–2016. However, disparities remain large in the percentage of people suffering from hunger among the two sub-regions. In 2014–2016, the prevalence of undernourishment in Latin America is projected to be less than 5 percent, while in the Caribbean it is 20 percent

The region reached the target of halving the proportion of undernourished children, with the proportion of underweight children under age five declining from 7 to 2 percent from 1990 to 2015. However, in 2015 about 10 percent of children under 5 years were stunted

Source: UN MDG Report 2015; Regional HDR for LAC 2016; World Bank SDG Dashboard

Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)

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EducationSI

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• In the area of expanding access to primary education, the region has made impressive gains, with the adjusted net enrolment rate growing from 87 percent in 1990 to 94 percent in 2015. Most of the progress was made before 2000

• However, disparities remain large among the two sub-regions. In 2015, the projected adjusted net enrolment rate in primary education was 82 percent in the Caribbean and 95 percent in Latin America

• The proportion of the adult population of working age with some secondary and tertiary education rose from 30 percent in the early 1990s to slightly over 50 percent in 2013

Distribution of the adult population in each income group by education level (in percentages) in Latin America, circa 1993 and 2013

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GenderSI

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Photo credit: Flickr/Creative Commons

• The region has achieved parity in primary education between boys and girls. In secondary and tertiary education, more girls than boys are enrolled.

• Women in the region participate in paid employment nearly as much as men, with women holding 45 out of every 100 wage-earning jobs in the non-agricultural sector in 2015. However, gender differences are still very marked in the region: Women have higher rates of informal employment; they also receive lower remuneration both for the same work and for work of equal value

• The share of women in parliament is higher than the average share in developed regions. The proportion of seats held by women in single or lower houses of national parliament increased from 15 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2015, higher than the average share of 26 per cent in developed regions in 2015. In the Caribbean, the share of women in single or lower houses of national parliament reached 33 percent

• Gender-based-violence is a major issue in the region. An average of 27.3 percent of women in 5 countries in the region with data stated that they had suffered physical violence


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HealthSI

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IS • The region has reduced its under-five mortality rate by 69 percent between 1990 and 2015. The mortality rate for children under five dropped from 54 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 17 in 2015

• Maternal mortality in the Caribbean remains high, with 190 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2013. Latin America has a much lower maternal mortality ratio, with 77 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2013

• The region overall has made slow progress in reducing adolescent childbearing, with the adolescent birth rate remaining high, at 73 births per 1,000 girls in 2015

• The Caribbean region witnessed the sharpest decline in the number of people newly infected with HIV, with new infections dropping by 56 percent from 2000 to 2013. In contrast, Latin America showed a slow decline in the number of new infections

Source: UN MDG Report 2015

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EnvironmentSI

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IS• Forests in the region are disappearing at a rapid pace, despite the

establishment of forest policies and laws supporting sustainable forest management in many countries. The largest net loss of forests has occurred in South America—around 3.6 million hectares per year over the period from 2005 to 2010. The region has experienced significant deforestation at an average annual rate of close to 0.40 percent since 1990

• Coverage of terrestrial protected areas rose from 8.8 percent to 23.4 percent between 1990 and 2014

• The region’s population is very exposed to the effects of natural disasters. Roughly 15 percent of the world’s natural disasters occurred in the region over the 2000-2015 period

• The region has reached the MDG drinking water target five years ahead of schedule. The proportion of the population using an improved water source increased from 85 percent to 95 percent between 1990 and 2015

• The region is also very close to reaching the target of halving the proportion of population without basic sanitation. The proportion of the population using an improved sanitation facility increased from 67 percent to 83 per cent between 1990 and 2015

Source: UN MDG Report 2015, Regional HDR for LAC 2016

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Jobs & LivelihoodsSI

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Source: ILO World Employment Social Outlook 2016; Regional HDR for LAC 2016; UN MDG Report 2015

• The unemployment rate in the region stood at 6.5 percent with nearly 20 million people unemployed. Youth levels are triple that of adults in the region and some 22 million young people aged 15–24 do not work or study

• While the service sector has made it possible to absorb the growing workforce and contributed to the decline of poverty, many of the activities in this sector are characterized by low productivity, poor quality and a lack of social security

• The region continues to be challenged by the persistently high share of informal employment – estimated at 46.8 percent of total non-agricultural employment in 2013. Informal employment particularly affects young people and women

• Women in the region participate in paid employment nearly as much as men, with women holding 45 out of every 100 wage-earning jobs in the non-agricultural sector in 2015. However, there is a gender gap in the employment participation rate among the vulnerable population with the participation rate for men 1.5 times higher, on average, than the rate for women

Photo credit: Flickr/Creative Commons

avances de los ods latino américa y el caribe pnud

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