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George S. Everly, Jr, PhD, ABPP

Intervention

1.  Rapport and reflective listening (RL)

2.  Assessment

3.  Prioritization

4.  Intervention

5.  Disposition and follow-up

The Johns Hopkins RAPID PFA Model: Five Core Elements

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■  Based upon the assessment and prioritization of needs to address, an acute intervention is implemented and designed to: ■  Attend to basic needs ■  Mitigate acute psychological distress ■  Restore acute functional capacity (if possible)

Intervention

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Meet Basic Needs First; Next Act to Reduce Distress and Restore Functional Capacity—if Possible

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Social Support: Is the Interpersonal Factor most Predictive of Posttraumatic Resiliency?

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1.  Introduce yourself; explain the purpose of your presence ■  Depending upon the situation, steps 2 and 3 are interchangeable, but one generally

follows the other to help you best understand how to help the person in crisis

2.  Ask what happened ■  Paraphrase key points

3.  Ask about the personal well-being of the person ■  That is, what the personal impact has been

4.  Clarify ambiguous descriptors ■  For example, the behavioral meaning of “depression” or the behavioral meaning of

“anxiety”

A Simple Structure: Four Steps

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Choose the Best Option from the Following Two Types of Interventions

1.  If the person seems psychologically unstable … stabilize acute arousal ■  Remove provocative cues ■  Encourage a task focus ■  Allow catharsis ■  Delay impulsive actions ■  Use distraction

2.  Mitigate acute distress, foster improved ability to function ■  Educate—explanatory guidance ■  Normalize ■  Reassure—instill hope ■  Educate—anticipatory guidance ■  Delay impulsive actions ■  Stress-management techniques,

problem-solving, as indicated ■  Correct misunderstandings or false

information ■  Reframe, if possible

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Summary

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