automation and robotics the basics. a brief history golem yan shi’s automaton talos
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Automation and RoboticsThe Basics
A brief historyGolem
Yan Shi’s AutomatonTalos
!941-42 Isaac Asimov – The Three Laws of Robotics
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWJJnQybZlk
What defines a robot? Sense – a robot has to take in information
about its environment
Plan – a robot has to use that information to make a decision
Act – a robot needs moving parts to carry out commands
Built by Carnegie Mellon University in 1993
• Crane arm to pick up boxes
• Video camera to get information & take pictures
• Sonar sensors to find out position of objects in its path
• Roamed the halls on its four-wheel base
• Could be commanded over the internet
• Could be programmed to take pictures, go to various offices, tell knock-knock jokes
XAVIER
Xavier is big!
2 feet in diameter
More than3 feet tall!
Motors
Sonar sensors
Cameras Computers
Laser
Wheels
Touch sensors
You need a lot of space to fit in all that stuff!
Mobile Robots
Why do robots need to move?
What ways do robots move? Rotate Convey Walk Swim Fly Reach Bend Poke Roll
Snake Robot
Manipulative MovementRobots that use an arm,
belt or other means to grab and maneuver objects
Locomotion Robots that can move
from place to place
Most robots getaround by rolling
Walking is hard – it requires balancing
Swimming only works in water
Flying requires a lot
of speed and energy
Wheels and treads make moving over ground easier
They provide stability with multiple points that touch the ground
AutomationThe use of control systems to operate devices with minimal or reduced human intervention.
Used in 1946 by the Ford Motor Company
Terms to knowController (cortex) – stores programmed information, receives information from the sensors and sends instructions to actuators
Sensor – a device that responds to physical stimuli (e.g. light, heat, motion, pressure)
Actuator – a type of motor that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system
More termsFeedback - signal from the robot equipment about conditions as they actually exist, not as the computer thinks they do.
End effector - Any object attached to the robot flange (wrist) that serves a function.
Load cycle time - the complete time to unload the last work-piece and load the next one.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jB_3awvUTyo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpeNSamWgTU
Jeep factory
painting