automatic data capture
TRANSCRIPT
Automatic Data Capture:Bar Code Technology
Presented by:
LavaKush VermaM.C.A. 2nd YearRoll No. 770057KIIT University, Bhubaneswar
Structure
Automatic Data Capturing Bar codes and its types UPC bar code Working of UPC bar code How to decode a UPC bar code Devices used for Auto-ID Benefits of using Bar codes Conclusion
What is Automatic Data Capturing?
Data input without key punching or typing An automatic Data identification technology Also known as ‘Auto-ID’ Encompasses automatic recognition and recording of Data Data capturing is done by Bar code readers Bar code readers read encoded data in form of bar codes Used to eliminate the risk of human error
What is Bar code?
Bar code is a predefined format of dark black bars and white spaces
Represents alphabets and numeric data Structured to contain specific piece of information Allows real time data to be collected accurately and rapidly Improves performance, profitability and productivity
Types of Bar codes
There are two types of bar codes :• Linear bar codes• 2-D bar codes
Linear barcodes 2D barcodesCode 128 Data Matrix
UPC PDF417
Interleaved 2 of 5 Maxicode
What is UPC?
"UPC" stands for Universal Product Code It is a standard for encoding a set of lines and spaces into
numbers to identify a product UPC bar codes were originally created to help grocery stores
speed up the checkout process and keep better track of inventory
But the system quickly spread to all other retail products because it was so successful
Example of UPC… The UPC symbol has two parts:
The machine-readable bar code and the human-readable 12 digit UPC number.
BYG Publishing's manufacturer identification number is the first 6 digits of the UPC number -- 639382.
The next five digits are the item number -- 00039
Last digit 3 is known as a checksum digit
How does UPC bar code work ?
The last digit of the UPC code is called a check digit. It lets the scanner determine if it scanned the number correctly or not.
The check digit is calculated for the other 11 digits, using the code
6 3 9 3 8 2 0 0 0 3 9 from "The Teenager's Guide to the Real World" as shown in the fig:-
1) Add together the value of all of the digits in odd positions (digits 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11) 6 + 9 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 9 = 32
2) Multiply that number by 3. 32 * 3 = 96
How does UPC bar code works ?
3) Add together the value of all of the digits in even positions (digits 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) . 3 + 3 + 2 + 0 + 3 = 11
4) Add this sum to the value in step 2. 96 + 11 = 107
5) Take the number in Step 4. To create the check digit, determine the number that, when added to the number in step 4, is a multiple of 10. 107 + 3 = 110
The check digit is therefore 3. Each time the scanner scans an item, it performs this calculation. In case of any difference the scanner rescanned.
How is the price determined ?
There is no price information encoded in a bar code When the scanner scans a product, the cash register sends the UPC
number to the store's central POS (point of sale) computer to look up the UPC number
The central computer sends back the actual price of the item at that moment.
Different Number System
• Reserved• 8• Reserved• 9
• Standard UPC Number• 7
• Standard UPC Number• 6• coupons• 5• In-store marking Retailers• 4• Pharmaceuticals• 3• Random-weight Items (fruits, vegetables
etc.)• 2
• Reserved• 1• Standard UPC Number (must have a Zero-
suppressed no)• 0
How to decode the bars ?
the first bar on the left is the thinnest bar or space The bars and spaces can be seen to have proportional widths of
one, two, three or four units. If you look at any bar code you can see examples of these four
widths in the figure. The start of any bar code is "1-1-1.“ i.e; black bar (bar-space-bar).
How to decode the bar? (cont..) Following the start code, the digits are encoded like this:
0 = 3-2-1-11 = 2-2-2-1 2 = 2-1-2-2 3 = 1-4-1-14 = 1-1-3-2
5 = 1-2-3-16 = 1-1-1-4
7 = 1-3-1-28 = 1-2-1-39 = 3-1-1-2
Decoding code 036000291452…
The bar code starts with the standard start code of 1-1-1 (bar-space-bar).
The zero is 3-2-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar). The three is 1-4-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar). The six is 1-1-1-4 (space-bar-space-bar). The next three zeros are 3-2-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar).
Decoding Code 036000291452… In the middle there is a standard 1-1-1-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar-
space
The two is 2-1-2-2 (bar-space-bar-space). The nine is 3-1-1-2 (bar-space-bar-space). The one is 2-2-2-1 (bar-space-bar-space). The four is 1-1-3-2 (bar-space-bar-space). The five is 1-2-3-1 (bar-space-bar-space). The two is 2-1-2-2 (bar-space-bar-space). The zero is 3-2-1-1 (bar-space-bar-space). The stop character is a 1-1-1 (bar-space-bar).
Have fun decoding those 12-digit bar codes!!
Devices used in ‘Auto-ID’…
Bar Code Reader (BCR)
Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
And many more……..© [email protected]
Benefits of Bar Codes…
Data collection is..... Fast Accurate Cost effective Efficient
Reduces risk of human error Represent unique identity of a product Labour savings by avoiding manual system
Conclusion
Bar code technique is the best way• For speedy checkouts• error free data collection
For an organization“ USE BAR CODES TO GROW IN AN INDUSTRY”
