Audio

Audio is a sound that lies within the

range of sensitivity of the human ear. It

has a frequency of approximately 20-

20 000 hertz.

Physical Properties of Audio

1. Loudness

-physiological sensation sensed in the brain

2. Pitch

-subjective impression about the frequency

of sound

3. Duration

Hearing vs Listening

Hearing is a physiological process in

which sound waves entering the outer

ear is transmitted to the eardrum,

converted in the middle ear, and

changed in the inner ear into electrical

impulses to the brain.

Hearing vs Listening

Listening on the other hand, is a

psychological process that begins

with receiving the sound, then,

identification and recognition of

specific auditory signals and ends in

comprehension

Audio Tapes

Advantages of Using Cassette Tapes

1. Durable

2. Economical

3. Easy to use

4. Requires little storage space

Audio Tapes

Disadvantages of Using Cassette Tapes

1. Prone to noise

2. Tape sometimes sticks or tangles

3. Poor Frequency response and over-all

quality vs. CD’s

Advantages of Using Compact Discs

1. Random search

2. Very durable

3. No background noise

4. High fidelity

Compact Discs

Disadvantages of Using Compact Discs

1. Initial expense of equipment

2. Impractical to prepare locally

3. sensitive to movements

Compact Discs

MPEG/ WAVE

MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)

audio compression file format that makes large audio files available by shrinking them into smaller files. It is an “open” standards, which means it is available to anyone who has access to the internet. It relies on sampling frequencies, multiple channels and compression algorithms.

MPEG/ WAVE

Advantage of Using Wave File

1. High quality of audio files

2. Use of multiple channels for the

sound

MPEG/ WAVE

Disadvantages of Using Wave File

1. confusion and complications among users

2. very large files

Application

1. Audio may be used by a teacher to bring into

the classroom sounds which are of

significance to the learning process

2. Enhances learning of verbal information

3. Ideal for teaching foreign language. Audio

resources allow students to hear words

pronounced by native speakers

4. Useful for those who have reading difficulties,

or are nonreaders

Application

5. It can be used as mood music for some

subjects like arts.

6. Audio is frequently used in rhythmic activities

like dancing.

7. Related songs can be used as a motivation

for a class discussion.

8. Animal voice audio can be used in teaching

different animal sounds to kindergarten

students

Application

9. Audio book may be used to assess students’ listening comprehension

10. Recorded audio of historical speeches and lines of prominent people in the past can be used to create an interesting atmosphere in Social Studies class.

11. Catchy tunes can help students memorize Math formula

12. Radio drama can be used as an activity to assess students’ speech capability

Pros

1. Inexpensive

2. Readily available and simple to use

3. Reproducible

4. Repeatable

5. Portable

Pros

6. Ease of lesson preparation

instructors can record their own audio

taped lessons easily and economically

7. Selections are easy to locate

8. Resistance to damage

Pros

1. Fixed sequence

it is difficult to scan audio materials as you

would do on printed text materials

2. Doesn’t monitor attention

3. Difficulty in Pacing

4. Difficulty in Locating Segment

5. Potential for accidental erasure

References

Hewitt, Paul. Conceptual Physics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Inc.,1997.

Smaldino, Sharon et al. Instrucational Technology and Media for Learning. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merill Prentice Hall, 2005.

“Audio” .<http://searchciomidmarket.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid183_gci211617,00.html>

“Audio Equipment”. <www.wikipedia.com>

Bullough,. Creating Instructional Materials. 1988