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A T MN E T W O R K SConcepts and Protocols

S umit K aseraSenior Technical Leader

Flextronics Software SystemsGuragon, India

M eGrawHillNew York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London MadridMexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan SeoulSingapore Sydney Toronto


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B a c K g r o u n d a n d I n t r o d u c t i o nDrivers of the Co m m unication W orld 51.1 Introduction 51.2 Technological Drivers 51.3 M arket D rivers 11Conclusion 16Review Qu estions 17Further Reading 17

CHMPIEI 2 iTransfer M od es 182.1 Introduction 182.2 Circ uit Sw itching 192.3 Routing 202.4 Virtual Circuit Sw itching 222.5 Co m paris on of Transfer M ode s 24 f>Conclusion 26Review Qu estions 26Further Reading 27


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ATM Layer 925.1 Introduction 925.2 ATM Cell Header Structure at UNI 925.3 ATM Cell Header Structure at NNI 975.4 ATM Layer Functions 98

Conclusion 100Review Questions 100Further Reading 101

ATM Adaptation Layer 1026.1 Introduction 1026.2 Service Classes and ATM Adaptation Layer 1026.3 ATM Adaptation Layer 1 (AAL1) 1056.4 ATM Adaptation Layer 2 (AAL2) 1126.5 ATM Adaptation Layer 3/4 (AAL3/4) 1186.6 ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) 123

Conclusion 125Review Questions 126Further Reading 126

o r e C o n c e p t s o f A T M 1271

ATM Traffic and Service Parameterization 1317.1 Introduction 1317.2 ATM Traffic Parameters 1317.3 ATM Service Parameters 135 '7.4 Factors Affecting QoS Parameters 1367.5 ATM Service Categories 1397.6 QoS and QoS Classes 142

Conclusion 142Review Questions 142Further Reading 143 ''


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Contentsxvi

ATM Traffic M ana gem ent8.1 Introduction 1448.2 ATM Traffic Co ntrac t M an agem en t 1458.3 ATM Traffic Shapin g 1528.4 ATM Traffic Policing : Usage Pa ram ete r Control 1528.5 ATM Prio rity Co ntrol 1578.6 ATM Flow Co ntrol 1588.7 ATM Co nge stion Co ntrol 1628.8 Dy nam ics of TCP Traffic Over the ATM Ne tw ork s 167Conclusion 168Review Qu estions 168Furthe r Read ing 169

ATM Switching9.1 Introduction 1709.2 Co m po nen ts of a Typical Sw itch 1729.3 Performance M easure s in Switch Design 1739.4 Sw itching Issues 1749.5 Sw itching Arch itectures 1849.6 Shared -M emo ry Arch itecture 1849.7 Sh ared-M edium Arch itecture 1869.8 Space-Division Arch itecture 1879.9 Sw itching in ATM 1929.10 ATM User Plane Fun ctions 1969.11 ATM Co ntrol Plane Fun ctions 1989.12 ATM M anag em ent Plane Functions 1989.13 Case Stud y of ATM Sw itching Architectures 1989.14 Prelu de Sw itch 1999.15 Packetized A utom ated Rou ting IntegratedSystem (PARIS) Sw itch 201 9.16 K nock out Sw itch 2029.17 Starlite Sw itch 2079.18 M oon shine Switch 209Conclusion 210Review Qu estions 211Further Reading 211 *


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ATM A dd ressing 21210.1 Introduction 21210.2 ATM End System Add ress (AESA) Form at 21210.3 ATM Gro up A ddres s 21410.4 Acquirin g ATM A ddr ess 21610.5 ATM N am e System (ANS) 216Conclusion 217Review Qu estions 217Further Reading 217

ATM Signalling 21811.1 Introduction 21811.2 ATM Signa lling Protoco l Stack 22011.3 Signalling ATM A dap tation Layer (SAAL) 22011.4 UN I Signa lling 22311.5 ATM Po int-to-P oint Signa lling 22511.6 ATM Point-to-M ultipoint Signalling 241Conclusion 247Review Qu estions 247Further Reading 248

ATM Ro uting 24912.1 Introduction 24912.2 Inter im Inter-switch Protocol (IISP) 25212.3 PN NI Protocol 25312.4 PN NI Routing Hierarchy 25312.5 PN N I Topology Inform ation 26012.6 Routing Information Flows and Route Co m putation 26212.7 PN NI State M achines 264 '12.8 Sum marization and Ag gregation 26912.9 Path Selection and Co nnection Adm ission Co ntrol 27312.10 PN NI Signa lling Protoco l 274Conclusion 279Review Qu estions 279 fFurther Reading 279 '


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AAL2 Signalling13.1 Introduction 28013.2 Relation be tw een ATM Signalling and

AA L2 Signalling 28113.3 AAL2 Signalling Fea tures 28213.4 AAL2 Signalling Architecture 28313.5 AA L2 Signalling Fun ctions 28513.6 AAL2 Signalling M essages 28513.7 AAL2 Signalling ver sus ATM Signalling 28613.8 Issues an d Ch allenges in AAL2 Signalling 290Conclusion 290Review Qu estions 291Further Reading 291

ATM Network Management14.1 Introduction 29214.2 Standardization of ATM Netw ork M anagementProcedures 29414.3 ATM Ne two rk M anagem ent Reference M odel 29514.4 Op erations and M aintenance (OAM) Procedures 29614.5 Integ rated Layer M anag em ent Interface (ILMI) 30414.6 AToMMIB 310Conclusion 311Review Qu estions 311Further Reading 312

ATM Security15.1 Introduction 31315.2 Security Objectives for ATM N etw ork s 31315.3 Security Req uirem ents for ATM Ne tw ork s 31615.4 ATM Security M odel 31615.5 Use r Plane Secu rity 31815.6 Contro l Plane Security 319Conclusion 320Review Qu estions 320 ''Further Reading 320


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w i t h A T M 321ATM N etw ork Interfaces and Arch itecture 323

16.1 Introduction 32316.2 ATM Inter-N etw ork Interface (AINI) 32516.3 B-ISDN Inter-C arrier Interface (B-ICI) 32516.4 Da ta Exchange Interface (DXI) 32916.5 Fram e-based UN I (FUNI) 33416.6 Fram e-based ATM over SO NE T/S DH Tran sport (FAST) 33716.7 Fram e-based ATM Transp ort over Etherne t (FATE) 339Conclusion 343Review Qu estions 343Further Reading 344

ATM in LA N 34517.1 Introduction 34517.2 Trad itional LAN Techno logies 34517.3 ATM in LAN 34717.4 LAN Em ulation (LANE) 34817.5 Issues an d Re quirem ents for LAN Em ulation 34917.6 LANE Co m pone nts 35517.7 LANE Co nnections 35917.8 LANE Op eration s 361Conclusion 364Review Q uestions 364Further Reading 365

IP Over ATM 36618.1 Introduction 36618.2 Classical IP over ATM 36718.3 Logical IP Sub-netw ork (LIS) 36818.4 Add ress Reso lution in Classical IP En viron m ent 36818.5 M ulti-Protocol En capsula tion ove r AA L5 370^18.6 M axim um Transmission Un it (MTU) Size 373


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Contents18.7 Nex t H op Resolution Protocol (NHRP) 37318.8 M ulti-Protocol Over ATM (MPOA) 37818.9 MPO A Co mp onents 37918.10 MP OA Con nections 38018.11 Establishing Shortcut Con nection and Forw ardin gDa ta Packets 382Conclusion 383Review Que stions 383Further Reading 383

A p p l i c a t i o n o f A T M N e t w o r k 3 8 5ATM and MPLS Netw orks 38919.1 Introduction 38919.2 Ov erview of M ulti-Protocol Label Sw itching (MPLS) 38919.3 ATM an d MPLS 39319.4 MPLS for IP Over ATM 39319.5 ATM-MPLS Netw ork Interworking 395Conclusion 399

Review Q uestion s 400Further Reading 400

Voice Over ATM 40120.1 Introduction 40120.2 Technical Ch alleng es 40220.3 C arryin g Voice over ATM 40320.4 VTOA Sta nd ard s 404 ,20.5 Circu it Em ulation Service (CES) 40520.6 Dy nam ic Ban dw idth Circuit Em ulation Services (DBCES) 40620.7 ATM Trunking Using AAL1 for Na rrow ban d Services 40820.8 ATM Trunking Using AAL2 for Na rrow ban d Services 409Conclusion 411Review Qu estions 411 itFurther Reading 411


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M and DSL Ne two rks 4122 Overview of Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) 4123 ATM an d DSL 4154 Voice over DSL (VoDSL) 418Conclusion 420Review Qu estions 421Further Reading 421

M and 3G Ne two rks 422.2 Ov erview of Un iversal M obile Telecom mu nicationsSystem (UMTS) 4222.3 UT RA Nand AT M 423Conclusion 430Review Qu estions 430Further Reading 430

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