associated petroleum gas - clarke energy · creation of associated petroleum gas natural gas that...
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AssociatedPetroleum Gas
Flare Gas
Clarke Energy is the authorised distributor and servicepartner for GE Energy’s gas engine division in a growingnumber of countries across the world. In addition toproviding high-efficiency, reliable gas engines we combinethiswith the expertise and resources to deliver unbeatableproduct support.
Whether your requirement is for the supply of a single gasengine generator or a complete turnkey power generationfacility, we can meet that need. Our ability to add value byoffering an end-to-end service, from initial proposal toreliable long-term maintenance, has led to us becoming amulti-national company with operations in ten countriesacross the globe. Our company prides itself on integrity,delivering only the highest quality products whilst providinga reliable accountable localised service.
Benefits of working with Clarke EnergyClarke Energy provides flexible solutions for your gasgeneration projects. Our services range from the supply ofa gas engine generator, through to the complete turnkeyinstallationofagaspoweredgeneration facility.ClarkeEnergyhas a dedicated, top-quality team of sales, engineering,projectmanagement, commissioningandmaintenancestaffto meet your needs. We also offer long-term maintenancecontracts backed up by a strong balance sheet, givingpeace of mind with respect to the long-term performanceof your GE gas generation equipment.
Associated Petroleum Gas / Flare Gas
Associated petroleum gas (APG) isalso known as flare gas. APG can beconverted to power at highefficiency utilising GE Energy gasengines which include theJenbacher and Waukesha productranges. This power can be used forthe provision of electricity andheating on-site whilst eliminating thecost of diesel deliveries to remoteareas. The utilisation of APG as afuel for a generator is an excellentway of reducing carbon dioxideemissions that might otherwiseresult from diesel fuel consumption.
Benefits of APG as a Fuel Gas
— Reduces operational costsassociated with diesel generators
— Utilisation of a gas often treatedas a ‘waste’ product
— Reducing carbon emissions— A local fuel supply that producesstable electrical and thermalpower
Oil field
Flare gas
Desulphurisation
Exhaust gas
Heatexchanger
Heatconsumer
Electrical energy
Gas flare
Associated Petroleum Gas Schematic
AssociatedPetroleum Gas
New Plymouth, New Zealand, 2 x JGC320
Creation of Associated Petroleum Gas
Natural gas that comes from oilwells is typically termed ‘associatedgas’. This gas can exist separatefrom oil in the formation as free gasor it can be dissolved in the crude oil.Independent from the source of thenatural gas, once separated fromcrude oil it commonly exists inmixtures with other hydrocarbonssuch as ethane, propane, butaneand pentanes In addition, rawnatural gas contains water vapour,hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbondioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2) andother compounds. Associated gasthat contains such impurities cannotbe transported easily and alsocannot be used without treatmentsince it is recovered during the oilproduction process.
For a long time, oil producers havesimply flared this unwanted oil by-product. But because of the increasein both environmental consciousnessand energy demand, flaring is oftenavoided and is sometimes prohibited.
Technically, several options exist forhandling associated gas:— Preparing it as a fuel in variousforms (i.e. dried pipeline gas,LPG and exporting it via apipeline)
— Gas reinjection for later recovery— Generation of electricity fortransmission or on-site needs
— Processing such as LNG or LPGand exporting via tankers
— Conversion to petrochemicalindustry feedstock
— Processing gas-to-liquids andgas-to-solids
— Conversion to other forms ofenergy for such uses as thermalfor district heating
The GE Gas Engine Concept
In most cases, installations of powergeneration with associated gas arein remote areas. Power supply insuch areas – if it exists at all is oftenpoor. Therefore, the commonsolution in the past was to use dieselgensets. Due to rapidly rising oil and consequently diesel fuel prices,this solution has become increasinglyuneconomical. Furthermore, thesupply of diesel fuel and thenecessary storage also are becomingmore expensive.
The composition of associatedpetroleum gas is often well suited forthe combustion in gas engines.However treatment in the form ofdehumidification and removal ofcondensable hydrocarbons from thegas is generally required. Due to theoften relatively high content ofhigher hydrocarbons, a de-rating ofthe nominal natural gas output maybe required. In the case of a highconcentration of H2S,desulphurisation of the gas may alsobe needed. The gas that is treated inthe above-mentioned way is avaluable fuel for the independentpower supply with gas engines. Theengines are normally installed incontainerised units with allperipheral systems (ventilation,silencers, cooling, control room)installed inside or on the roof. Thesecontainerised systems also providethe added benefit of being readilytransportable if power demandschange. Depending on localrequirements, the waste heat fromthe engines can also be used forheating or cooling purposes on site.
Advantages
— Generation of electricitycombined with the simultaneousdisposal of a problem gas
— Use of waste by-product of thecrude oil production processinstead of diesel fuel to avoidcosts for fuel transportation overlong distances
— Independent, on-site powersupply
— High profitability with overallefficiency of up to 90%, in thecase of combined heat andpower, and up to 44% in the caseof power generation only
— Smooth operation despitefluctuations in composition andimpurities (within given limits) inthe gas
— Depending on gas composition,full output of the correspondingnatural gas engine version
— Avoidance of liberation ofmethane into the atmosphere,which has 21times the globalwarming potential of CO2
— Maximum availability andreliability despite high or lowambient temperature
— Small footprint due to compactdesign (e.g. off-shore)
— Turn-key container solutionsallow for fast installation andcomfortable operation
Our Competence
Clarke Energy is installing a growingnumber of generation projects thataccept APG as a fuel gas for gasengines. This coupled with ourcomprehensive experience ofgeneration of stable supplies ofpower from challenging gasesmeans we are well able to supportyour gas generation project.
The first GE Jenbacher systemsusing flare gas were installed in Italyin 1998. Today more than 330 units,with a total electrical output of morethan 450MW run on associatedpetroleum gas worldwide. Theseplants generate about 3.6 millionMWh of electricity a year – enoughto supply about 1.2 million Europeanhomes. Generating this amount ofelectrical power with flare gas allowsfor savings of approximately 900million litres of diesel fuel per year.
Waha, Tunisia, 3 x JGC312
Cliff Head, Dongara, Australia, 3 x JMS612
Algeria
28 rue des TourellesWilaya - HydraAlgerAlgeriaTel. +213 2169 42 52Fax. +213 2169 42 [email protected]
Australia
Building12-4 Stirling StreetThebartonSouth Australia 5031Adelaide AustraliaTel. +61(0)8 8290 2100Fax. +61(0)8 8443 [email protected]
France
Z. A. de la MalleRD6Bouc Bel Air 13320FranceTel. +33 (0)4 42 90 75 75Fax. +33 (0)4 42 90 75 [email protected]
India
Shivkiran, Plot No.160CTS No. 632Lane No.4Dahanukar ColonyKothrudPune 411038IndiaTel. +9120 30241777Fax. +9120 [email protected]
Ireland
Unit 7Newtown Business ParkNewtownmountkennedyCounty WicklowIrelandTel. +353 (0)1281 0010Fax. +353 (0)1281 [email protected]
New Zealand
Unit 556 Pavilion DriveAirpark IIMangereAuckland 2022New ZealandTel. +64 (9) 256 9910Fax. +64 (9) 256 [email protected]
Nigeria
28, Joel Ogunnaike StreetGRAIkejaLagosNigeriaTel. +234 (0)181567 [email protected]
Tanzania
Regus Centre7th FloorAmani PlaceOhio Street Office ParkDar es SalaamTel. +255 (0) [email protected]
Tunisia
Résidence Saray du LacAppt n°B.2 – 1er EtageLes Berges du Lac1053 Tunis, TunisieTel. +216 (0)71962 062Fax. +216 (0)71962 [email protected]
UK Head Office
Power HouseSenator PointSouth Boundary RoadKnowsley Industrial ParkLiverpool L33 7RRUnited KingdomTel. +44 (0)151 546 4446Fax. +44 (0)151 546 [email protected]
If you would like to find outmore information about thegeneration of power utilisingAPG please contact yourlocal Clarke Energy office.