Assistive TechnologyCynthia Balderas, Elizabeth Castillo, Juan Garcia, Daniela Guardiola

Assistive Technology

“Any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether

acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized,

that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional

capabilities of a child with a disability.”(20 U.S.C., 1401, Section 601[1])

What is it?“Assistive technology (AT) refers to a wid

e range of devices, services,  strategies,  and  practices  that  are  developed  and  used  to  assist individuals with disabilities to deal with  their problems (Cook & Hussey,  2002).”

They increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of children with disabilities.

Some definitions…

Low-tech assistive devicesLow cost

Ex: Adapted eating utensils, picture communication books, clip boards for holding papers steady

High-tech assistive devicesHigher cost

Ex: Computerized synthetic speech devices, electronic switches that can be activated by eye movements

Examples of ATDisability Low Tech High Tech

Low dexterit

y

•Velcro on the pages of a book for page-turning•Pencil grip

•Alternative hardware input devices (touch screen, trackball, customized keyboard)

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/atcartoon.gif&imgrefurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html&usg=__QKWEgk-h6zn6stA2_4rVhuYH0Ek=&h=288&w=404&sz=58&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=reGYMF9D8sWZVM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dassistive%2Btechnology%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Examples of ATDisability Low Tech High Tech

Visual disabilit

y

•magnifying lens highlighting pen or tape to change background

•Screen Reader computer software Closed circuit television to magnify reading material

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/atcartoon.gif&imgrefurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html&usg=__QKWEgk-h6zn6stA2_4rVhuYH0Ek=&h=288&w=404&sz=58&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=reGYMF9D8sWZVM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dassistive%2Btechnology%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Examples of ATDisability Low Tech High Tech

Writing disability

•tape recorder for lecture notes •spell and grammar check software word prediction computer software

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/atcartoon.gif&imgrefurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html&usg=__QKWEgk-h6zn6stA2_4rVhuYH0Ek=&h=288&w=404&sz=58&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=reGYMF9D8sWZVM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dassistive%2Btechnology%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Examples of ATDisability Low Tech High Tech

Reading disability

•textbooks on audio tape •text-to-speech software

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/atcartoon.gif&imgrefurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html&usg=__QKWEgk-h6zn6stA2_4rVhuYH0Ek=&h=288&w=404&sz=58&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=reGYMF9D8sWZVM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dassistive%2Btechnology%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Examples of ATDisability Low Tech High Tech

Math disabilit

y

•Number line graph paper for aligning numbers

•specialized computer software, such as talking math worksheets

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/atcartoon.gif&imgrefurl=http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html&usg=__QKWEgk-h6zn6stA2_4rVhuYH0Ek=&h=288&w=404&sz=58&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=reGYMF9D8sWZVM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dassistive%2Btechnology%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Laws and Historical Background

Special Needs Students

Regular Education Students

http://images.google.com

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

To assure that all children with disabilities receive a free appropriate public education

To protect the rights of children with disabilities and their parents

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The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of

1975To help state and local education

agencies provide for the education of all children with disabilities

To assess and assure the effectiveness of efforts to educate all children with disabilities

education.washington.edu/.../test4test.html

Individuals with Disabilities Education

Act of 1990Every student is

entitles to a free and appropriate public education

They should be educated in the least restrictive environment

Photo of graphic courtesy William Bronston, M.D http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/010.htm

Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act

of 2004“The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 will help children learn better by promoting accountability for results, enhancing parent involvement, using proven practices and materials, providing more flexibility, and reducing paperwork burdens for teachers, states and local school districts.”

--- President George W. Bush

No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

“ NCLB has increased the expectations for some students with mild disabilities and some of them have measured up.” --Special Education Director

“It is critical that students with disabilities remain included in the accountability system to ensure that they are receiving the same high quality education as their non-disabled peers.” --Special Education Director

http://www.susanohanian.org/cartoons_index.html

Assistive Technology Act of 2004

Ensures continued funding for assistive technology

Provides assistive technology to persons with disabilities, so they can more fully participate in education, employment, and daily activities

http://www.abc-pactt.org/

http://images.google.comhttp://images.google.com

Impact on EducationPast to Present

http://www.chrisbeetles.com/gallery/images/pictures/C25038-s.jpg

1900-1960Students with special needs were institutionalized or sayed home.

1960-1975Students with special need went to school but many were not given the individual instruction or assistive technology needed.

http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/007.htm

1970-1990The idea of integration into a least restrictive environment developed and was guaranteed by IDEA in 1990

http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/008.htmPresentStudents with special needs are entitles to a free education in the least restrictive environment with an IEP that might include assistive technology

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Eligibility Requirements A student must be identified with a disability first before they are

eligible for assistive technology IEP team must then evaluate the child first to see if assistive

technology would improve the functional capabilities of the child with disability

In our district we call the IEP team the Admissions Review and Dismissal committee

Then it is up to the Admissions Review and Dismissal committee then must state what assistive technology the student needs in the students IEP.

The ARD committee then reviews the IEP for the next school year and can make whatever changes they deem necessary.

The ARD committee is made up of classroom teacher, special Ed. teacher, diagnostician, principal and parent.

Eligibility Requirements Summary

Children who have been Identified with a disability

Individualized Education Program (IEP) Team decides whether a student is in need of assistive technology

IEP Team consists of the classroom teacher, special Ed. teacher, Diagnostician, parent and principal

Teacher must follow IEP

http://media.walton.k12.ga.us/District/Departments/ExecpEd/Images/ExecpEd.jpg

Roles of the School District

Evaluates the needs of the child with a disability

Purchases the device the child is going to use

Provides training for child and parents on how to use the device

Provides training for the teachers working with the child

Roles of the Teacher

Follows the IEP of the student

Makes sure there is proper use of the assistive technology device

Addresses the needs of the student

Has proper training on the device the student is using

https://myplace.durhamcollege.ca/durham/htmlemailupload/Image/IMG_9706.jpg

Role of the MTT

The role of the MTT is to ensure all students are finding success using technology therefore it is important to provide the technology resources for students with disabilities to enable them to learn more productively.

http://img.zdnet.com/techDirectory/_ACCESS1.GIF

Steps To Take To Use New Technology with Exceptional

Children1. Assess the learning situation2. Identify specific needs3. Identify specific subject areas4. Identify specific skill to target and level of

instruction5. Select software appropriate for identified

needs6. Select hardware and peripherals for

identified needs

www.adcet.edu.au/.../Assistive_Technology.chpx

MTT Resources

Progress Report on the Texas Long-Range Plan for Technology

www.tea.state.tx.us/curriculum (Select Technology Applications.)

www.techttp://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/technology/ta/edstd.html#edstd3happsnetwork.org

http://www.educationworld.com/special_ed/assistive/index.shtml

http://projectit.ua.edu/mttlinks.htmlhttp://www.pluk.org/AT1.html

www.ohioregion14.org/.../2008/03/giangreco.png

Conclusion

“For most people technology makes things easier. For persons with disabilities, technology makes things possible.” Fleming, 1999

Lisa’s ResourcesSlides 21- 26 (Lisa Castillo)Texas Education Agency Master Technology Teacher Retrieved from

http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index3.aspx?id=444 Fleming, A. (1999). Assistive Technology and Learning Disabilities.

Retrieved from Education Resources Information Center. (ED434473)

Pictures http://img.zdnet.com/techDirectory/_ACCESS1.GIF• www.adcet.edu.au/.../Assistive_Technology.chpx www.ohioregion14.org/.../2008/03/giangreco.png

References• Slides 1-9 (Daniela Guardiola)

• Chmiliar, L. & Cheung, B. (2007). Assistive technology for teachers-Innovation and accessibility online. Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 35(1&2), 18-28.

• Heward, W., (2003). 466, Physical Disabilities, Health Impairments, and Traumatic Brain Injury. In Sharp, A.P. (Ed.), Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education 7th Edition (pp. 438-479). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall.

• Howe, Abe. (n.d.) Assistive Technology. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html

• Kelker, K.A., Holt, R., Moses, K., (1997). Family guide to assistive technology. Retreived July 19, 2009 from http://www.pluk.org/AT1.html#2

ReferencesSlides 10-17 (Cynthia Balderas)

Cole, Cassandra. (Fall 2006). Center for Evaluation and Education Policy. Retrieved July 18, 2009, from http://www.ceep.indiana.edu/projects/PDF/PB_V4N11_Fall_2006_NCLB_dis.pdf

Relton, Joy. (January 2005). Policy Issues. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from http://www.afb.org/AFBPress/pub.asp?DocID=aw060109

Individuals with Disabilities Act of 2004 (n.d). In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved July 19, 2004, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individuals_with_Disabilities_Education_Act

Parallels in Time II.(2006) The Minnesota Governor's Councils on Developmental Disabilities. Retrieved July 19, 2004, from http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/index.htm

References Slides 18-21 (Juan Garcia)http://idea.ed.gov/explore/homehttp://www.tea.state.tx.us/Pictureshttp://media.walton.k12.ga.us/District/Depart

ments/ExecpEd/Images/ExecpEd.jpghttps://myplace.durhamcollege.ca/durham/

htmlemailupload/Image/IMG_9706.jpg

Pictures Used Slide 1: http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html

Slide 2: http://www.ilwig.net/resources/assistive_technology.html

Slide 3: http://edschool.csuhayward.edu/departments/ted/instruction/howe/5500/AT/contents.html

Slide 4: http://simmonsatshowcase.wikispaces.com/Assistive+Technology+Implementation+Model+-+CETT+Team?f=print

Slide 5: http://www.bindependent.com/cgi-bin/shopper.cgi?preadd=action&key=elc142

Slide 5: http://aramedia.com/aslintro.htm

Slide 5: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logitech-trackball.jpg

Slide 6: http://www.abledata.com/abledata.cfm?pageid=19327&ksectionid=19327&top=15466

Slide 6: https://www.ibmilw.com/item/view/id/100819

Slide 6: http://blog.vcu.edu/ttac/assistive_technologies/

Slide 6: https://www.kansasworks.com/ada/disability/dis_dev_dsp.cfm?adiid=10&callingfile=dis_controller_dsp.cfm&hash=BE3A0E3D8E27AACE08F30A3932A3F641

Pictures Used Slide 7: http://nestaquin.wordpress.com/2009/05/20/the-strauss-tapes-part-xv/

Slide7: http://www.1st-grammarchecksoftware.com/

Slide 7: http://support.prentrom.com/article.php?id=460

Slide 8: http://www.waltham.lib.ma.us/blog/main/?p=268

Slide 8: http://hoa-viet.com/forum/showthread.php?p=22907

Slide 8: http://www.sparknotes.com/math/algebra1/graphingequations/section1.html

Slide 8: http://www.freewebs.com/writingwithict/talkit.htm

Slide 10 http://images.google.com

Slide 11 http://images.google.com

Slide 12 http://images.google.com

Pictures Used Slide 13: http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/010.htm

Slide 15: http://www.susanohanian.org/cartoons_index.html

Slide 16: http://www.abc-pactt.org/

Slide 16 http://images.google.com

Slide 16 http://images.google.com

Slide 17

Slide 17

Slide 17

Slide 17 http://images.google.com

http://www.chrisbeetles.com/gallery/images/pictures/C25038-s.jpg

http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/007.htm

http://www.mnddc.org/parallels2/three/008.htm