assessment of water quality at dodowa in the dangbe west district of the greater-accra region
DESCRIPTION
ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AT DODOWA IN THE DANGBE WEST DISTRICT OF THE GREATER-ACCRA REGION. WILLIAM EKOW ARKO. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION. Introduction Problem Statement Objectives of the study Study Area Materials & Method Results & Discussions Conclusion Recommendation. INTRODUCTION. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AT DODOWA IN THE DANGBE WEST DISTRICT OF THE GREATER-ACCRA REGION.
WILLIAM EKOW ARKO
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
• Introduction• Problem Statement• Objectives of the study• Study Area• Materials & Method• Results & Discussions• Conclusion• Recommendation
INTRODUCTION
• Approximately, 51% of the population have access to improved water supplies in Ghana.
• 60% of the total urban population is covered by GWCL’s network.
• In Accra, for example, 25% of the residents enjoy a regular 24hr water supply everyday.
INTRODUCTION CON’T
• 30% have an average of 12hr twice everyday for 5 days a week.
• Another 35% have twice for 2 days each week while the remaining 10% in the outskirts of Accra are completely without access to piped water supplies.
• This 10% either depend on independent water supplies [hand-dug well (HDW), borehole (BH) or water vendors (water tankers)
PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Dodowa has irregular access to pipe-borne water, therefore the community resorts to other means of getting potable water.
• Water sources available to the people include boreholes and hand dug wells.
• Many people in Dodowa store water in plastic containers and concrete tanks.
• They also patronize the services of water tankers.
OBJECTIVES
• Identify the drinking water sources in the Dodowa community.
• Assess the quality of the different water sources in the Dodowa community.
STUDY AREA
KVIPKVIP
HDW 4
RESULTSPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Ground water
pH
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Stored Water
pH
MTS 1 MTS 2 MTS 3 MTS 4 MTS 5 MTS 6 MTS 7 MTS 8 MTS 9 MTS 10
5.86
6.26.46.66.8
77.27.47.6
pH (p
H U
nits
)
Mobile Tanker water
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS CON’T
HDW 1 HDW 2 HDW 3 HDW 4 HDW 5 B/H 1 HDW 7 HDW 8 HDW 9 B/H 20
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Ground Water
Turb
idit
y (N
TU)
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F 10
0123456789
10
Stored Water
Turb
idit
y (N
TU)
MTS 1 MTS 2 MTS 3 MTS 4 MTS 5 MTS 6 MTS 7 MTS 8 MTS 9 MTS 10
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Turb
idit
y (N
TU)
Mobile Tanker Water
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS CON’T
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Ground Water Resources
Cond
uctiv
ity
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F 10
050
100150200250300350400450
Stored Water
Cond
uctiv
ity
MTS 1 MTS 2 MTS 3 MTS 4 MTS 5 MTS 6 MTS 7 MTS 8 MTS 9 MTS 10
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
Cond
uctiv
ity (µ
S/cm
)
Mobile Tanker Water
RESULTSMAJOR CATIONS
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
CaMgNaK
Maj
or c
ation
s (m
g/l)
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F 10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
CaMgNaK
Maj
or c
ation
s (m
g/l)
MTS 1
MTS 2
MTS 3
MTS 4
MTS 5
MTS 6
MTS 7
MTS 8
MTS 9
MTS 10
0102030405060708090
100
CaMgNaK
Maj
or c
ation
s (m
g/l)
Ground water resources Stored water
Mobile Tanker
RESULTSMAJOR ANIONS
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
HCO3- SO42- Cl-
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F
10
01020304050607080
HCO3- SO42- Cl-
Maj
or a
nion
s (m
g/l)
MTS 1
MTS 2
MTS 3
MTS 4
MTS 5
MTS 6
MTS 7
MTS 8
MTS 9
MTS 10
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
HCO3- SO42- Cl-
Ground water Surface Water
Tanker Water
Maj
or a
nion
s (m
g/l)
Maj
or a
nion
s (m
g/l)
RESULTSNUTRIENTS
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1 HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 20
0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9
NO2.meanNO3.meanPO4.mean
Ground water
SWF 1
SWF 2
SWF 3
SWF 4
SWF 5
SWF 6
SWF 7
SWF 8
SWF 9
SWF 1
00
0.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.6
NO2NO3PO4
Nut
rien
ts (m
g/l)
MTS 1
MTS 2
MTS 3
MTS 4
MTS 5
MTS 6
MTS 7
MTS 8
MTS 9
MTS 10
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
NO2NO3PO4
Nut
rien
ts (m
g/l)
Nut
rient
s (m
g/l)
Stored Water
Tanker Water
RESULTSMETALS
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
Fe.meanMn.mean
Ground water resources
SWF 1
SW F 2
SW F 3
SW F 4
SW F 5
SW F 6
SW F 7
SW F 8
SW F 9
SW F 10
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
Fe.meanMn.mean
Stored Water
MTS 1
MTS 2
MTS 3
MTS 4
MTS 5
MTS 6
MTS 7
MTS 8
MTS 9
MTS 10
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
Mean FeMean Mn
Met
als
(mg/
l)
Met
als
(mg/
l)
Met
als
(mg/
l)
Mobile Tanker
RESULTSMICROBIOLOGY
HDW 1
HDW 2
HDW 3
HDW 4
HDW 5
B/H 1
HDW 7
HDW 8
HDW 9
B/H 2
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
FC.meanTC.meanE.C.meanTHB.mean
Ground water resourcesSW
F 1SW
F 2SW
F 3SW
F 4SW
F 5SW
F 6SW
F 7SW
F 8SW
F 9
SWF 1
00
40
80
120
160
200
Mean TCMean THB
MTS 1
MTS 2
MTS 3
MTS 4
MTS 5
MTS 6
MTS 7
MTS 8
MTS 9
MTS 10
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Mean FCMean TCMean E. ColiMean THB(c
fu/
1ml)
(cfu
/ 10
0ml)
(cfu
/ 10
0ml)
Stored Water
Mobile Tanker
DISCUSSIONSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PARAMETERS OVER SAMPLING SITES.
TOTAL HARDNESS CHLORIDE
DISCUSSIONSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PARAMETERS OVER SAMPLING SITES.
SODIUM IRON
DISCUSSIONSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PARAMETERS OVER SAMPLING SITES.
FCTHB
CONCLUSION
• With the groundwater sources (hand dug wells and boreholes), Iron, Manganese, Chloride, Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, TC, FC, E-coli & THB were higher than the Ghana Standards/WHO guideline values and therefore not suitable for potable use.
• The stored water had physico-chemical constituents within Ghana Standards/WHO guideline values. However, some had microbial loads higher than the Ghana Standard/WHO guideline values & should be treated before use.
CONCLUSION CON’T
• The tanker water had physico-chemical parameters like Turbidity, sodium, iron, manganese & microbiological parameters exceeding the Ghana Standards/WHO guideline value. The water is therefore not suitable for potable use without treatment.
• Comparing the different water sources, it is evident that the stored water is better in terms of quality than the tanker water and well water in that order.
RECOMMENDATION
• The government of Ghana and other stakeholders should provide the inhabitants of Dodowa which is the capital of the Dangbe West District Assembly with safe drinking water by making sure the Oyibi Area water supply scheme works regularly.
• Establishment of more water supply schemes as part of its commitment to fulfill the Millennium Development Goal of providing about 90% of Ghanaians with pipe borne water by 2015.
• The Dangbe West District Assembly should make sure residents do not sink wells near or closer to places of convenience so as not to cause contamination of wells with faecal matter as they may be leached into the wells.
RECOMMENDATION CON’T
• There should be environmental education by the Dangbe West District Assembly and must be structured in such a way that it cuts across all spheres of society thus catering for the educated and the non-educated.
• Residents should be encouraged to go for rain harvesting as another source of water for potable and domestic use.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME