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Assessing the feasibility of synchronous interconnection of CIS and Baltic transmission systems with continental EuropeMatthias Luther

Energy in Central and Eastern Europe

Prague, Czech Republic, 26–27 February 2008Supported by:

Assessing the feasibility of synchronous interconnection of CIS and Baltic transmission systems with continental Europe

page 2 Matthias Luther, Prague, 26 February 2008

Presentation Themes

Introduction

Project Organisation

Investigation Program

Preliminary Findings and Outlook



European synchronous areas

HVDC cable HVDC cable

HVDC B2BHVDC B2B

HVAC lineHVAC line

UCTE

UPS/IPS

NORDEL

UKTSOAATSOI

Capacity: 63Capacity: 6311 GWGWPeak load: 390 GWPeak load: 390 GWConsumption: 25Consumption: 25330 0 TWhTWhPopulation: 450 Population: 450 mlnmln

Capacity: 9Capacity: 944 GWGWPeak load: 6Peak load: 666 GWGWConsumption: 40Consumption: 4055 TWhTWhPopulation: 2Population: 244 mlnmln

Capacity: 3Capacity: 33737 GWGWPeak load:Peak load:215215 GWGWConsumption: 12Consumption: 128585 TWhTWhPopulation: 280 Population: 280 mlnmln

Capacity: 85 GWCapacity: 85 GWPeak load: 6Peak load: 666 GWGWConsumption: 400 Consumption: 400 TWhTWhPopulation: 65 Population: 65 mlnmln



UCTE-IPS/UPS Study – three major questions to answer

Is a synchronous coupling of IPS/UPS with UCTE feasible?

What are the mandatory measures and requirements on both sides?

What are the associated costs?

Considering technical, organisational and legal issues the study has to answer the following questions:

Additionally, market aspects and environmental issues are building the conditional framework.

First priority: maintaining the present performance of the systems with respect to system security and reliability.



Thema Datum Bereich

IPS/UPS: parallel operation of 13 power systems

power systems of UCTE

power systems of IPS/UPS

other power systems

IPS/UPS3371.285280

Inst. Capacity/[GW]Consumption/[TWh]Consumers/[mio]

UCTE6312.530450

Dimension of synchronous areas



Facts and framework of the project

The three years investigation is a joint project under the responsibility of UCTE

The project focus on a synchronous coupling of IPS/UPS and UCTE

Additionally, possible non-synchronous link projects are under consideration

Budget: approximately 10 million €

Nearly 100 experts from both sides involved

A unique synchronous transmission system under investigation

- with 960 GW installed generation capacity

- serving 700 million customers

- in 10 time zones



Mandatoryinterconnection

rules

System integration vs. System coupling

System Arules

System Brules

System Arules System B

UCTErules

IPS/UPSrules

Integration

Allocation of corresponding and further mandatory

• technical• organisational • legal

measures and rules on both sides.

System coupling:UCTErules

IPS/UPSrules

Coupling



The UCTE-Consortium of 11 TSOs



The IPS/UPS Group of 8 Companies



Initial time schedule and project phases

pre-phase

phase 2Verification

and Simulation

phase 1Model

Preparation

April 20

08

Final Rep

ort

• verification ofmodels

• power system simulations

• sensitivity analyses

• ToR• TEN-E

Application• Set up of

consortia• Cooperation

Agreement

• Project kick-off• survey of IPS/UPS

system• installation of

measurement devices

• power system measurements

• data collection• preparation of

models

• further analyses • evaluation ofresults

• identification of measures and theircosts

• presentation of results

• preparation of draftof final report

phase 3Assessmentand Results

finalphase

• final report • final accounting• end of project

2005 2006 2007

Conceptual

Report

2004 April 20

05

2008

“go” for

simulat

ions



Summary of Analysis ProgramSteady State Analysis

Load flow simulation of nominal and emergency conditions Estimation of interface transmission capacityIdentification of most probable load flow scenarios

System DynamicsTransient and small signal stability analysisImpact of IPS/UPS Emergency Control Automatics

Power System ControlPower / frequency controlVoltage / reactive power controlAnalysis of defense, disconnection and restoration plans

Operation and OrganizationAnalysis of operational practiceGuidelines for interface proceduresCoordination of operation (i. e. data exchange, congestion management, etc.)

Legal AspectsAnalysis of legal frameworksLegal case studiesIdentification of legal requirements for synchronous operation



Volume of UCTE-IPS/UPS load flow study model

The load flow model includes representation for the planning horizon 2008 of

HV and UHV network (220 kV and above)

Important transmission lines of lower voltages (inter-system transmission lines, generator lines of large power stations)

Significant power stations in the interface area

Volume of load flow model

3,910 nodes

9,730 ties (lines and transformers)

770 generator nodes

Total load (winter peak load): 530 GW



Flow of control power (outage of 3,000 MW in Germany)

UCTE Middle

UCTE East

UCTE West

UCTE South

Russia/Central Asia

Turkey

Ukraine/Moldova

Baltic States/Belarus/RU510

1,820

1,100560

80

370

70

1,190

all figures in MW



UCTE Middle

UCTE East

UCTE West

UCTE South

Russia/Central Asia

Turkey

Ukraine/Moldova

Baltic States/Belarus/RU1,020

3,650

2,1901,130

150

730

140

2,380

all figures in MW

Flow of control power (outage of 6,000 MW in Germany)



1 Cartelle2 Montearenas3 Aldeadavila4 San Sebastian de las Reyes5 Hernani6 Arkale7 Biescas8 Vic9 Rubi10 Benejama11 Puerto de la Cruz12 Cedillo13 Saucelle14 Albertville15 Tavel16 Saucats17 Tabarderie18 Lonny19 Uchtelfangen20 Hagenwerder21 Röhrsdorf22 Krajnik23 Wielopole24 Rogowiec25 Polaniec26 Györ27 Göd28 Sajoszöged29 Heviz30 Paks

31 Portile de Fier

32 Tantareni33 Blagoevgrad34 Ag.Stefanos35 Bassecourt36 Mettlen37 Lavorgo38 Soazza39 Rondissone40 Redipuglia41 Aurelia42 Brindisi43 Sorgente44 Avelgem

measuring devices:installedplanned

Wide Area Measuring System (WAMS)in UCTE

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time synchronisationby GPS

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4 5 6 7

14

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2022 24

25

26

29

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46 47 48 51 5250

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4142

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1110

912

23

2728

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45 Oujda46 Ghazaouet47 Tlemcen48 Oued Sly49 Jijel50 Biskra51 El Aouinet52 Tajerouine53 Tataouine



Verification of UCTE dynamic simulation model:Outage of 1200 MW generation capacity in Spain (9 February 2006)

recordings

Thu, 2006-02-09; 11:26:47 - Generation Outage: NUEVA ESCOMBRERAS (ES) dPa

49,930

49,940

49,950

49,960

49,970

49,980

49,990

50,000

50,010

50,020

50,030

11:26:35 11:26:40 11:26:45 11:26:50 11:26:55 11:27:00 11:27:05 11:27

f [Hz]

Portile de Fier (RO)

SS Reyes (ES)

Uchtelfangen (D) Röhrsdorf (D)

Tabarderie (F)

simulations

49,930

49,950

49,970

49,990

50,010

50,030

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Time [s]

f [Hz]

ES/PORGERPortile de FierRöhrsdorf



Preliminary findings (1/2)

A synchronous operation of IPS/UPS and UCTE may appear feasible under implementation of several technical, operational and legal pre-conditions. Therefore a synchronous operation can only be considered as a long term perspective for system coupling.Regarding the investigated scenarios a synchronous coupling would require substantial investments for maintaining the system security in both systems. Additional investments are necessary to substantially increase the available transfer capacity for the market.The analysis of dynamic stability of both coupled systems indicates a higher potential risk for system security compared to their current performance operating separately. Necessary countermeasures concern investments in generation and transmission sectors.



Preliminary findings (2/2)

The need for substantial adaptation and harmonization of currently existing defense and restoration plans in both synchronous areas in order to avoid and overcome major disturbances.The need for a legally binding environment with interzonal, bilateral and multilateral agreements in order to set-up a legal basis for establishing a future reliable platform that would cover the main organizational and operational issues corresponding to EU requirements and standards.As support to the creation of a joint electricity market platform between UCTE and IPS/UPS countries i.e. the construction of HVDCback-to-back links between the interface countries may be considered as an advantageous alternative solution. Additionally, back-to-back links may result beside their technical, economic and environmental advantages in a more cost-effective and thus “easier to realize perspective”.



Outlook: expected results in Summer 2008

An evaluation of the feasibility considering technical, operational, organisational and legal aspects based on available results.

An allocation of necessary measures and their associated costs to be made on both sides of the interface.

An open outlook on non-synchronous system coupling possibilities aiming at an economic comparison for the investigated system coupling and an indication for the time horizon for a possible implementation for both variants.

The final study results may form a basis for further steps under supervision of the European Commission and other stakeholders.

Nevertheless, any decision need to be made by stakeholders taking into account the two further fundamental pillars

- reciprocity in market conditions

- compatibility of environmental standards including nuclear safety.



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