assembly line management 2

7/31/2019 Assembly Line Management 2

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AN OVERVIEWASSEMBLY LINE


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An is a manufacturing process (sometimes

called progressive assembly) in which parts are added to a

product in a sequential manner using optimally planned

logistics to create a finished product much faster than with

handcrafting-type methods.

ASSEMBLY LINE


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The principles incorporated in assembly line :

Place the tools and the men in the sequence of the

operation so that each component part shall travel the

least possible distance while in the process of finishing.

Use work slides or some other form of carrier so that whena workman completes his operation, he drops the part

always in the same place--which place must always be the

most convenient place to his hand--and if possible have

gravity carry the part to the next workman for his operation.

Use sliding assembling lines by which the parts to beassembled are delivered at convenient distances.

PRINCIPLES OF ASSEMBLY LINE


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Different methods in assembly line :

Just-in-time (JIT) : manufacturing methods have been developed to

reduce the cost of carr ying parts and supplies as inventory.

Modular Assembly : Advanced assembly line method designed to

improve throughput by increasing the efficiency of parallelsubassembly lines feeding into the final assembly line .

Cell Manufacturing : evolved out of increased ability of machines

to perform multiple tasks.

Team Production- teams of workers can follow a job down the

assembly line through its final quality checks .

ASSEMBLY LINES METHODS


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1. SINGLE LINE :

Single product line for producing one product . Production

remains constant throughout.

2. MIXED PRODUCTION LINE :

Family of products with distinguished features while same

basic features.

3. BATCH PRODUCTION LINE :

Multiple different products which produces significant

differences in the production processes.

ASSEMBLY LINE MODELS


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Assigning numbers of operators or machines to each

operation of an assembly line so as to meet the required

production rate with a minimum of idle time.

Cycle time

Precedence diagram

The line balancing process

Measure of efficiency

ASSEMBLY LINE BALANCING


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In 1913 , Ford introduced the assembly line concept.

Production time fell from 14 hrs per car to 93 minutes per

car.

Sales rose to 254000 in 1914 to 472000 in 1916.

Final total production was 15,007,034 cars : a record

unbroken for next 45 years.

December , 1927 : Ford model A introduced whose sales

reached up to 4 million cars till 1931.

In a way it made the automobile as one of the most and

consumed product.

Made it possible to afford a

model T for ever ybody. From

$825 in 1908 to $360 in 1916

IMPACT ON FORDS PRODUCTION


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Before Ford, and under optimal conditions, the

aviation industry could produce one Consolidated

Aircraft B-24 Bomber a day at an aircraft plant.

Ford showed the world how to produce one B-24 an

hour at a peak of 600 per month in 24-hour shifts.

IMPACT IN FORDS WAR EFFORT


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State of Michigan turned into a auto capital.

Workers do no heavy lifting.

No stooping or bending over.

No special training required.

Provided employment to immigrants.

In Mass production human error and variation were

reduced.

Segmentation of jobs.

Faster production and quality products.

IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE WORKING

CONDITIONS


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Assembly line AGVS applications are only now being introduced in

the U.S. This is an adaptation of the small light load AGVS for an

assembly line process.

Automated Guided Vehicle system

Light load adaptation Parallel operations

Computer control

individual tracking of items and measured work rates

APPLICATIONS
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Iron and steel Beverage industry Automobile

Fabric Industry Information Technology Medicine making


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have expanded production

capabilities in the manufacturing world.

The assembly process is faster, more efficient andprecise than ever before.

Examples of robots : FRIDA could be easily

interchanged with a human co-worker.

APPLICATIONS


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assembly line management 2

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