aspects of battery recycling legislation
TRANSCRIPT
José Pérez García, Ecopilas President April, 15th 2015
“Aspects of Battery Recycling
Legislation”
CONTENTS
Legislative requirements for the management
of batteries and accumulators
Recycling basics of spent batteries and
accumulators
Ecopilas: Integrated Battery Management
System in Spain
Legal milestones
1. Directive 91/157 / EEC, adopted in 1991, limits for the first time the
content of hazardous substances (Hg and Cd) in batteries and
accumulators placed on the European market.
2. Directive 2006/66 / EC adopted in 2006, establishes for the first time the
requirement to collect and recycle spent batteries and accumulators.
3. In the year 2008, as a result of the provisions set forth in the
abovementioned Directive, several Integrated Battery Management
Systems were implemented in Spain and throughout Europe.
BASIC RULES APPLICABLE TO THE MANAGEMENT OF
SPENT BATTERIES AND ACCUMULATORS
1. DIRECTIVE 2006/66/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF
THE COUNCIL of 6 September 2006 on batteries and accumulators and
waste batteries and accumulators.
2. Directive 2013/56/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of
20 November 2013 amending Directive 2006/66/EC
3. Royal Decree 106/2008 of 1 February on batteries and accumulators and
environmental waste management, transposing the European Directive
into Spanish Law.
DIRECTIVE 2006/66/EC OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 6
September 2006 on batteries and accumulators
and waste batteries and accumulators.
Royal Decree 106/2008 of 1 February on
batteries and accumulators and
environmental management of their
waste (published in the Official Spanish
Gazette on February 13th)
1. Marketing batteries containing a certain amount of heavy metals (Mercury and Cadmium)is forbidden.
2. Stipulates Producer responsibility for waste management3. Includes rules for the proper management of spent batteries and accumulators.4. Financing mechanisms as well as the information given to final users are regulated.
Essential issues regarding RD 106/2008
The Directive covers all types of batteries and accumulators regardless of their shape, volume,
weight, composition or use, including those from the vehicles at the end of their useful life as well as
those from electrical and electronic devices.
1. Regulations on waste batteries and accumulators management
Ensure the collection and proper waste management of end-of-life product wastes (taking over the collection and management of the same amount, by weight, and type of batteries, accumulators and used batteries he placed on the market)
Finance the management of the Integrated Management Systems
Register as a producer in the National Register of Batteries and Accumulators (REI-RPA) of theMinistry of Industry, Energy and Tourism.
Fullfill compliance obligations for battery labeling:
• Batteries must be labelled with the symbol of a crossed out, wheeled bin, except for small batteries where the symbol will be placed on the packaging.
• Batteries and accumulators with heavy metal content must be labelled with the appropriate chemical symbols 'Hg', 'Cd' and 'Pb‘ (Mercury, Cadmium, Lead)
1. Regulations on waste batteries and accumulators management
Producers responsibility
Collection target for Portable Batteries
a) 25% from December, 31st 2011
b) 45% from December, 31st, 2015
Collection target for Automotive Batteries (Lead)
a) 90% from December 31st, 2009
b) 95% from December 31st, 2011
Target for Industrial Nickel-Cadmium Batteries and Accumulators
95% of industrial batteries and accumulators containing cadmium from
December 31st, 2011
1. Regulations on waste batteries and accumulators management
Collection Targets
In accordance with article 12 of Royal Decree 106/2008, the recycling procedures shall achieve the following minimum efficiency standards for recycling:
Recycling of 75% by average weight of nickel-cadmium batteries and
accumulators
Recycling of 65% by average weight, of lead-acid batteries and
accumulators
Recycling of 50% by average weight of other waste batteries and
accumulators
1. Regulations on waste batteries and accumulators management
% Minimum efficiency standards for recycling
The new Directive of 2013, amends some important matters of Directive 2006/66 / EC regarding the exemptions of placing on the market certain batteries and accumulators containing hazardous substances.
Removes the exception of button cell batteries and accumulators with a mercury content of up to 2% by weight (10/2015)
Removes exemptions concerning the placing on the market of portable batteries and accumulators containing cadmium for use in cordless power tools (CPTs) (end 2016)
Sets out the requirements for the registration of producers, so that they are homogeneous throughout the EU
1. Regulations on waste batteries and accumulators management
DIRECTIVE 2013/56/UE
The environmental problem
Key issues regarding the recycling of spent
batteries and accumulators
EPBA. European Portable Batteries Asociation Sustainability Report
Removal of mercury from batteries is the best example of the positive result of the
implementation of the European legislation.
The environmental problemRemoval of Mercury usage
The average collection and recycling rate of batteries and accumulators in
Europe is 36% although it is very different depending on the technology.
The environmental problem
There is an important problem regarding the collection of some types of batteries
such as button batteries and lithium recargable batteries.
The environmental problem
Lithium rechargeable and buttom cell batteries are the fastest growing types across
Europe, making it necessary to intensify efforts to improve recycling processes of these
two types of batteries.
Each year 5,000,000,000 portable
batteries of all types and formats, are
consumed and discarded in Europe.
This large amount of waste, can cause a
significant environmental problem due to
heavy metals and chemicals that may
contain batteries.
The environmental problem
Risks due to inadequate battery separation and recycling
15
The Environmental problem
1. Landfill: risks of leaching and
contamination of soils and
aquifers
2. Incinerators: risk of
volatilization of heavy metals
and air pollution.
3. Waste of secondary raw materials that can be obtained from recycling.
"Urban Mining"
16
FIRST STEP: Consumer awareness to deposit
batteries into containers.
SECOND STEP: Collection and transport
THIRD STEP: Intermediate storage and classification
LAST STEP: Treatment and recycling
RECOGIDA
The environmental problema The solution – Recycling
The environmental problemThe solution – Recycling
The selection of the most efficient recycling technology, is another main issue of the treatment
process of spent batteries. In the following graphic we can observe the four major technologies as
well as the relation between the efficiency of the process and energy consumption.
Ecopilas Key figures 2014
ECOPILAS Integrated Battery Management
System in Spain
ECOPILASKey Figures (1)
ECOPILAS is a non-profit Foundation, set up in the year 2000 by the leading manufacturers and importers of portable and industrial batteries and accumulators.
It is one of the reference systems in Europe regarding batteries and accumulators and belongs to and collaborates with major European organizations such as EUCOBAT, RECHARGE and EPBA
It is the only Integrated Management System licensed to operate in all Autonomous Communities
Key figures of ECOPILAS (2)
680 member companies35,000 collection points60% market share33% portable batteries collection rate
Leader in Spain in all categories(portable and industrial)
PilasKey Figures ECOPILAS (3)
Ecopilas leads all segments and categories in Spain.
Key figures of ECOPILAS (4)
- 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000
AUTOMOCIÓN
INDUSTRIAL
PORTATIL
Total general
AUTOMOCIÓN
INDUSTRIAL
PORTATIL
Total general
AUTOMOTIVE 17,492
INDUSTRIAL 388,481
PORTABLE 2,114,951
Total general 2,520,923.50
Ecopilas collected in the year 2014 more than 2,500 tons of spent batteries and accumulators
MANY THANKS!
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