ASER PakistanA citizen led initiative

Public & Private Trends - Post ASER

Dialogue Jan. 29, 2013

Section I: Scale of SurveySection I: Scale of Survey

Policy dialogue – Post ASER 2012 Policy dialogue – Post ASER 2012

Objectives Objectives

The ASER 2012 launch on January 28th followed up by a Post ASER 2012 Dialogue. The key objectives are:

• to influence specific policies and actions for education and, • to contribute to global conversations on learning and quality, public

private provisions, early childhood care and education and education financing.

Dialogue anchored in the Right to Education (RTE) Article 25A debates underway in Pakistan.

ASER 2012 to provide evidence to key strands of the dialogue.

ASER 2012 – SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION

Children (3-16 Years) Schools

NationalDistricts Covered

Villages/ Blocks

House Hold

Female Male Total Mothers Gov. Pvt. Total

Rural 136 4,033 80,209 101,236 143,241 244,477 81,417 3,934 1,660 5,594

Urban 6 193 2,312 2,930 4,037 6,967 2,329 183 167 350

Rural + Urban

142 4,226 82,521 104,166 147,278 251,444 83,746 4,117 1,827 5,944

31% Private Schools

Section II: Access Section II: Access (Schooling)(Schooling)

Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years) – Rural

Enrollment of children of 3 – 5

years 37% in 2012

Enrollment highest in Urban 55% compared to Rural 37%

% Children who attend different types of pre-schools

Age group

Govt.

Non-state providersOut-of-school

TotalPvt.

Madrasah

Others

3 6.0 2.9 0.3 0.1 90.7 100

4 21.2 10.3 0.6 0.3 67.6 100

5 45.5 15.4 0.9 0.4 37.8 100

3-5 26.2 10.0 0.6 0.3 62.9 100

Total 37.1 62.9 100

By type

70.5 27.0 1.7 0.7

30% Private schools

Enrollment (6-16 years) – Rural 77% of 6-16 year olds in rural

districts are enrolled in schools 74% enrollment in Govt. schools 26% Rural children enrolled in

private/ non-state sector 23% of children are out of school

% Children in different types of schools% Out-of-

school

TotalAge

groupGov

t.

Non-state providers Neverenrolle

d

Drop-

outPvt.Madrasa

hOther

s

6-10 58.7 18.4 2.0 0.5 18.8 1.6 100

11-13 58.4 17.0 2.5 0.4 16.0 5.7 100

14-16 51.6 15.2 2.0 0.3 18.5 12.3 100

6-16 57.2 17.4 2.1 0.4 18.1 4.7 100

Total 77.1 22.8 100

By type 74.1 22.6 2.7 0.611 44out of every

Children is Out-of-School

Never Enrolled still higher than dropout rate

Out-of-School children (6-16)

Gendered Comparison: Out of School Children (6-16 years) There are more Girls out of school than boys

Section III: QualitySection III: Quality

Learning Levels (Class 5): Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto

g

Learning Levels (Class 5): English

Learning Levels (Class 5): Arithmetic

Learning levels – Boys vs. Girls (5-16 Years) Girls continue to lag behind boys in learning levels

Girls are behind boys by 9% in basic Arithmetic

Type of Schools Number of Schools Surveyed

Percentage

Government Schools 3,934 70%

Private Schools 1,660 30%

Total 5,594 -

Type of Schools Number of Schools Surveyed

Percentage

Government Schools 183 52%

Private Schools 167 48%

Total 350 -

Urban Outreach: 6 Cities

Rural Outreach: 136 Districts

Public vs. Private Trends in Education (By Type of School)

Public vs. Private Trends in Enrollment (By Type of School & Gender)

Rural Urban

Learning levels – Public vs. Private Learning Levels are better in Private schools overall

48% children in government and 63% children in private schools in class 5 can read class 2 Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto story.

43% of the children in class 5 Government schools and 64% of children in private schools can read English sentences.

Additional learning support – Paid Tuition Children in urban areas are more likely to take paid tuition

Urban Rural

6% Government and 25% Private enrolled children take tuition in Rural Areas

Section IV: Section IV: School School Attendance & Facilities Attendance & Facilities

Attendance - Students and Teachers1 in every 5 children in government schools was absent from school

Overall attendance is better in Private schools

Children Attendance (%) on the day of visit

Government schools Private schools

Primary Elementary High Others Overall Primary Elementary High Others Overall

Children attendance

79.1 84.3 85.5 79.0 82.4 85.5 86.2 86.8 82.5 86.2

Teacher attendance

87.3 86.2 88.0 84.4 87.0 85.9 88.3 87.7 86.0 87.6

13% and 14% teachers in private and government schools respectively were found to be absent

Multi-grade Classes

Around 50% government school children of class 2 sit with other

classes vs. 28% in Private Schools

BUT

22% grade 8 students inPrivate schools sit with other classes vs.

17% grade 8 students inGovernment schools

Basic Facilities – Improved but not Sufficient

50% of government primary schools do not have functional toilet facilities

39% 39% primary government schools still do not have useable water38% 38% primary government schools still do not have boundary walls

Section V: Section V: Other dimensions that Other dimensions that influence teaching and learning influence teaching and learning

Mother tongue/ Home Language

• 41 different languages were used throughout Pakistan.• 5 common languages were;

Pashto (27%), Punjabi (19%), Sindhi (16%), Balochi (10%)Siraiki 7%) and 21% used other languages

Other Lanuages included : Urdu, Brahvi, Shina. Balti, Burushaski, Chitrali, Potwari, Gujrati, Khowar, Dhatki, Kashmiri, Bolari, English, Pahari, Rakhshani, Kutchi, Kohistani, Baltistan, Khetrani, Rachnavi, Wakhi, Rangri, Torwali, Yatgha, Myuti, Ridkhan, Mewati, Koli Muhajri, Hindko, Marathi, Marwari, Darkhan, Persion,)

Parental Education

Urban Rural

Rural: 78% mothers vs 53% fathers did not complete primary education.

.Urban: 45% Mothers vs 28% Fathers did not complete primary education

Section VI: Section VI: How far have we come How far have we come on RTE compliance? on RTE compliance?

Action to RTE 25 A Implementation• RTE 25 A provides for children 5-16 years of age covering

pre primary to secondary or grade X education

• State needs all partners to make this happen – public and all non state partners

• What is the approach towards partnerships

• Education Foundations financing affordable or low cost private schools (APS)

• Donors /Education Fund for Sindh funding APS

•

Thank YouThank Youwww.aserpakistna.org

ASER-Pakistan

ASERPAKISTAN

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