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ASCII Table and Description


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Abbreviation

An abbreviation(fromLatin brevis, meaning short) is a shortened form of a word

orphrase.Usually, but not always, it consists of aletter or group of letters taken from the

word or phrase. For example, the word abbreviationcan itself be represented by the

abbreviation abbr., abbrv.or abbrev.

In strict analysis, abbreviations should not be confused

withcontractions oracronyms (including initialisms), with which they share

somesemantic andphonetic functions, though all three are connoted by the term

"abbreviation" in loose parlance.[1]:p167An abbreviation is a shortening by any method; a

contraction is a reduction of size by the drawing together of the parts. A contraction of a

word is made by omitting certain letters orsyllables and bringing together the first and last

letters or elements; an abbreviation may be made by omitting certain portions from the

interior or by cutting off a part. A contraction is an abbreviation, but an abbreviation is notnecessarily a contraction. However, normally, acronyms are regarded as a subgroup of

abbreviations (e.g. by theCouncil of Science Editors). Abbreviations can also be used to

give a different context to the word itself, such as "PIN Number" (wherein if the

abbreviation were removed the context would be invalid).

ALPHABETIZING

At some point during the late reading process, perhaps during 3rd grade, begin teaching

your child how to arrange words in alphabetical order. This skill is important and used inlooking up anything that is listed alphabetically. The lessons refer to files that are on

theSorting Cards web page.

Lesson One- Alphabetizing to the first letter

Choose several of the word cards of the first lesson. Pick short one-syllable words and only

one word from each letter of the alphabet. Suggested words froma-z:all, ban, cut, doll, ear,

far, gut, hot, jar, lot, map, nun. This is only 12 words. You can choose more or less

depending on your student. It may be a good idea to compile two sets of words.

Lay the sorting cards worksheet in front of your child. Show your child the alphabetic going

across the top of the sheet. You can tell you child that the letters are in alphabetical order.Tell your child that he is going to put some words in alphabetical order. Take the first pile

of word cards and mix them up again. Show your child that he must first find thefirstcard--

- which would normally be a card that has a word that starts with an a. In future lessons

you should occasionally give your child word card sets that have no cards with an aword.

Your child should place the first card in the first block of the worksheet, then the next one

in the next block and so on... How you use and whether you use the worksheet is up to you.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_(alphabet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_(grammar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonetichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation#cite_note-harts-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation#cite_note-harts-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Science_Editorshttp://donnayoung.org/english/research/abc-sorting-cards.htmhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/english/research/abc-sorting-cards.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Science_Editorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation#cite_note-harts-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonetichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_(grammar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_(alphabet)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin


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The main purpose of the worksheet is: Displaying the alphabet for your child as a reminder

and having a place for your child to lay his cards.

Repeat this lesson as many times as needed using different cards that start with a different

letter and without skipping letters.

Lesson Two - Alphabetizing to the first letter, skipping lettersWhen your child shows that he can place words that start with letters that are not skipped,

hand him a stack of cards that contain skipped letters. Such a group of cards could be these

words from the filea-z:cut, ear, far, hot, jar, lot, map, oats, pop, ran, son, top, up, won.

Repeat this lesson as much as needed.

Lesson Three- Alphabetizing to the second letter

The next level is alphabetizing to the second letter. You should explain how to alphabetize

to the second letter as many times as your student needs. Use words such as these words

from the filea-f:ant, are, bat, boy, dog, dig, fan, fit, get, go, hi, hut, it, in, joy, June

Repeat this lesson as often as needed. Use the files above or make your own with the blank

files.

Lesson Four- Alphabetizing to the third letter

After alphabetizing to the second letter for five or more lessons, then move into

alphabetizing to the third letter. Select words from thej-k file (or any of the others). These

words from the j-k file can be used for the first lesson: junk, just, jute, jury, join, jolt, job,

jump, jungle, judo, juice, king, kite, kilo, kick, knob, knife, knee.

Repeat this lesson as often as needed and repeat the instructions as often as needed.

Meanwhile, mix in lessons aboutGuide Words.

Lesson Five- Alphabetizing to the fourth letter

When you get to alphabetizing to the 4th letter, select words form thes words file and thej-k file: sail, saint, salt, salve, sand, sane, save, scab, scald, scan, scar, seat, seal, seam, search,

second, secret, and from j-k: knob, knot, know, knife, knight, knit

Your child will have to order the words based on the fourth letter. After this lesson, you

could have him order words based on the 5th letter. This mastering of alphabetizing is

what you are after. Your child needs a firm understanding of how words are ordered in

reference books
http://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-a-f.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/english/research/guide-words.htmhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-s.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-s.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/english/research/guide-words.htmhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-j-k.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words-a-f.pdfhttp://donnayoung.org/f13/english-f/abc/words.pdf

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