AS Physical AS Physical EducationEducation

Skills & AbilitiesSkills & Abilities

Recap classification of Recap classification of skillsskills

• Six elements taken into consideration:– Muscular involvement– Environmental requirements– Continuity– Pacing– Difficulty– Organisation

Each of these elements can be thought of as a continuum. Each end of the

continuum are opposites and there is a gradual change

characteristics from one end to the other.

Muscular InvolvementMuscular Involvement

Fine Gross

• Intricate movements

•Accuracy & Precision

• Little concern for precision / accuracy

Small movements using small muscle groups

Movements involving large muscle groups.

Environmental InfluenceEnvironmental Influence

Open Closed

• Externally paced

• Perceptual / decision making

• Self paced

• Technical model

Movement skills that are affected by the environment.

Movement skills that are not affected by the

environment.

ContinuityContinuity

Serial Continuous

• If the skill is to be repeated it must start

again

•Put together in a definite order to make a movement/sequence

Movement skills that have a clear beginning &

clear

Movement skills that have a number of discrete

elements

Discrete

•Movement has to be repeated several times

to be meaningful

Movement skills that have no clear beginning

or end

PacingPacing

SelfPaced

Externally Paced

• Usually closed skills

•They are normally open skills

Performer determines when the movement skill starts & the rate at which proceeds

Control of the movement is not determined by the performer, but

by the environment

DifficultyDifficulty

Simple Complex

• Little information to process

• Small number of sub-routines

• Speed & timing not crucial

• High perceptual load• Many sub-routines• Speed & timing

critical• Significant use of

feedback

Perceptual load The amount of

information the performer has to process

Sub-routine Movement skills are usually comprised of

several parts. Together these sub-routines make up the

movement skill.

OrganisationalOrganisational

Low High

•Sub-routines are easily separated

and practised

•Difficult to separate without disrupting the

skill

How closely linked are the sub- routines of the movement skill ?