articles of confederation america’s first government
TRANSCRIPT
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Articles of Confederation
America’s First Government
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Thirteen Countries
• Each colony became a state
• Each state was really a independent country.
• People were loyal to their state, not one big country.
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State Government
• Each state had its own government.– More important than Congress
• Each state dealt with foreign countries on their own.
• Each state made its own money
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States Work Together
• Each state sends representatives to Congress.
• Congress helps plan and direct the War
• However, Congress has no power over any state.
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Articles of Confederation
• An agreement by the states to work together.
• Formed a very weak central government.– No judiciary (national court system)– No executive branch (think King)– One legislature, with little power.
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NH MA RI CT NY PA NJ MDDE SC GANCVA
Citizens of Each State
Elects State Gov’t
CongressEach State = 1 Vote
No Executive No Judicial System
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Why a Weak Government?
• Parliament and the King were strong!
• The colonies had rid themselves of such a government.– An executive reminded them of a King, so
no deal.
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Problems with the Articles
• Congress could not tax the colonies.– Each state levied its own taxes.
• Congress could not fix trade problems between states.
• Each state had only one vote– It did not matter how big or how many
people lived in it.
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Government Gridlock
• To pass a law, 9 of 13 states must agree– Nearly 70%!!– Few laws were passed
• To amend (change) the Articles of Confederation, all states must agree.
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Land Issues
• Colonies won lots of new land.
• Each state claimed some of that land as theirs.
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Northwest Ordinance
• All states agree to give up claims to land in the west.
• System is created to make new states.– Three step process to
statehood
• New states would be equal to old states.
• Only big success under the Articles of Confederation.
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Call for Change
• Small number of people want change
• Reasons:– Create a government that can do something!– Fix many of the problems facing the states.– People are too dumb to govern themselves
• Folks call for a convention in Annapolis Maryland to discuss changes.
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Annapolis Convention
• 1786 Annapolis, Maryland
• Only 12 reps from 5 states show.
• Delegates plan to meet again in Philadelphia in 1787
• Goal is to fix the national government.
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Shay’s Rebellion
• Colonists in Mass. angry over high taxes.
• Framer named Shays leads an armed rebellion.
• Congress cannot raise funds for an army
• Mass. finally raises an army and defeats Shay.
• Convinces many people the Articles need serious revision.