Arteries & VeinsTo Know For Practical

Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System

• Sinoatrial Node (SA node) - the pacemaker; where the action potential originates, starting each heartbeat

• As action potential moves, contraction of atria is stimulated

• Atrioventricular Node (AV node) - receives action potential from SA node and sends along to…

Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System• Atrioventricular Bundle

(Bundle of His) – branches off into right and left bundle branches, and then sends action potential along to…

• Purkinje Fibers – action potential received begins ventricular contraction at apex and continues contraction back up toward atria, helping to eject blood into pulmonary trunk or aortic arch

Labeling The Heart

• AD: (Left) Pulmonary Artery

• AE: Left Atrium• BC: Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve• BD: Aortic Semilunar Valve• BE: Left Ventricle• CD: Aorta

Labeling The Heart

• Let’s Also Label…– Pulmonary Trunk – Pulmonary Semilunar Valve– Septum– Apex

Artery Circulation• Aorta: largest artery in

body; exits left ventricle and is divided into three parts– Ascending aorta– Aortic arch– Descending aorta

Artery Circulation– Ascending aorta:

Where aorta first comes up; right and left coronary arteries branch from here

Artery Circulation– Aortic arch: arching

posteriorly and to the left and has three branches• Brachiocephalic

artery• Left common

carotid• Left subclavian

artery

Aortic Arch• Brachiocephalic– Right Common

Carotid: head• Internal Carotid:

brain• External Carotid:

face

Aortic Arch• Brachiocephalic– Right Subclavian: right

upper limb• Turns into axillary at

armpit• Turns into brachial• Branches into radial

and ulnar• Joins back & forms

deep palmar arch, superficial palmar arch, and digital arteries

Aortic Arch

• Left Common Carotid: head

• Internal Carotid: brain• External Carotid:

face

Aortic Arch• Left Subclavian: left

upper limb– Branches in the

same way that Right Subclavian does

Aorta

• Descending Aorta– Thoracic Aorta: portion in thorax, above

diaphragm.– Abdominal Aorta: below diaphragm; ends as two

common iliac arteries

Abdominal Aorta

• Celiac Trunk: spleen, stomach, and liver

• Renal: Kidneys• Splits into Right & Left

Common Iliac Arteries

Right & Left Common Iliac

• Splits into…– Internal Iliac Artery:

bladder, rectum, genitalia– External Iliac Artery:

• turns into Femoral Artery: thigh

• Turns into Popliteal Artery: knee area

• Branches into Anterior & Posterior Tibial Arteries and Fibial Artery: lower leg & foot

Vein Circulation

• Three Major Sections emptying back into right atrium…– Coronary Sinus: Great, Anterior, Small, and Middle

Cardiac Veins– Superior Vena Cava– Inferior Vena Cava

Upper Body• Superior Vena Cava:

receive blood from head, neck, and upper extremities; splits into…– Right and Left

Brachiocephalic• Internal Jugular: Brain• External Jugular: Face• Turns into Subclavian…

Subclavian• Turns into axillary at armpit, which

breaks into…– Cephalic– Brachial• Radial• Ulnar• Digital

– Basilic• Median Cubital joins it back

up with Cephalic; often, a site of drawing blood

– Deep palmar arch, superficial palmar arch, and digital veins

Lower Body

• Inferior Vena Cava– Hepatic Veins: liver– Hepatic Portal: Takes

blood from the digestive tract, spleen, pancreas to the liver

– Renal: Kidneys– Splits into Right & Left

Common Iliac Veins

Right & Left Common Iliac

• Internal Iliac Vein– bladder, rectum, genitalia

• External Iliac Vein– Great Saphenous: branches off,

runs along femur, longest vein in body

– EIV turns into Femoral Vein: thigh• Turns into Popliteal Vein: knee

area• Branches into Anterior &

Posterior Tibial Veins and Fibular Vein: lower leg & foot