army electromagnetic (em) gun program · demonstrated fundamental principles of large caliber...
TRANSCRIPT
16/16/04
Army Electromagnetic (EM)Gun Program
Managing a TechnologyOpportunity toRevolutionize Firepower
16 June 2004
26/16/04
EM GunA Compelling Vision
Why EM?� Increased Lethality� Improved Deployability
& Sustainment� Enhanced Survivability
Why Now?� Advances in Component
Technology� Significant Joint Interest
and PotentialInternational Interest
� Synergies with EmergingPower & Energy Thrust
� Leadership Endorsementof an EvolutionaryStrategy
36/16/04
Switches
How is EM Gun Different?EM Railgun Basics
PrimePower Generator Rectifier Inverter Motor Pulsed
AlternatorRail
LauncherLaunch PackageFuel Muzzle
Energy
EM Gun System Block Diagram
Prime Power
Pulsed Power Supply(PPS)
EM guns are fundamentally differentthan conventional guns - acceleratingforce (F) is provided by EM forces notrapid expansion of gases as withenergetic propellant.
Rail Launcher
Pulsed Power Supply (PPS)
Launch Package
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Why EM?Lethality Efficiency & Growth Potential
0102030405060708090
1 2 3 4
2 kg4 kg6 kg8 kg10 kg
� EM Gun technology enableshypervelocity launch. Hypervelocityis important for two fundamentalreasons:
� Increased Energy:Energy is directly proportional to thesquare of the velocity (E=1/2mv2).
� Penetration Efficiency:For any given energy, Increasingvelocity increases penetrationefficiency, particularly in novelpenetrator designs.0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
1 2 3 4
1 L/D5 L/D13 L/D
Pene
tratio
n Ef
ficie
ncy
(Pen
etra
tion
/ Len
gth)
Ener
gy (M
J)
Velocity (km/s)
Velocity (km/s)
Energy as a function ofvelocity for a given mass
Penetration Efficiency as a functionof velocity for a given mass
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Packaged ILPs
120mm
M829
EM round
Resupply PayoffsSingle ILP
Why EM?Deployability & Sustainment
� EM Gun LaunchPackage is muchsmaller than aconventional round.� 1/8th the
volume*� 1/10th the
weight*� 156 ILPs can be
packaged in samespace as 16 M829s.
� Smaller IntegratedLaunch Packagepayoff is in resupply.
� Fuel and Launchpackage can beshipped together –on same palette.
Although the small size of the EM ILPs has clear advantages inresupply, payoffs in stowed rounds onboard a fighting vehicleare not as significant. The smaller ILP is offset by the additionalvolume required for the onboard Pulsed Power Supply.
*based on anti-armor application
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M1A1 EM GunBare Muzzle
Launch Signatures
EM Gun w/Muzzle ShuntLOSAT
Why EM?Survivability
� Less likely to be hitdue to reducedLaunch Signature
� >1000x reduction invisual and IRsignature.
� 10x reduction inacoustic signature.
� More likely tosurvive a hit due toless energy onboardreleased over alonger period oftime.
� 9x less storedenergy onboardcompared EM gunweapon than M1A1
� Recent ARL testsshow rotor difficultto destroy anddisintegratesgracefully (5-10milliseconds)
� 925 kg� 106 J/g� 2 on-board rotors� 196 MJ energy
onboard
� 8.6 kg JA2Propellant
� ~ 5000J/g� 42 on-board rounds� 1,800MJ energy
onboard
E Gun Rotor
Stored Energy
M829A2
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State of TechnologyPulsed Power Supply
PreviousGenerationSubsystem
Builds
State-of-the-artcomponent
testing
State-of-the-artsubsystem
design
STO isbuilding state
of the artsubsystem
SolidStateSwitchStack
Split RingCompositeRing
1st Gen
1986
2nd Gen
1993
Un-cooled, twin machine, synchronized generation of powerconsistent with 5MJ muzzle energy.
Component level tests enable improvedenergy density.
Demonstrated fundamentalprinciples of using rotatingmachines to deliver pulsedpower.
Results of component level testing formed the basisfor current design which meets requirements ofcurrent STO program.
3nd Gen
1996
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State of TechnologyRailgun Launcher
Results of component level testing formed the basis forcurrent design which meets requirements of currentSTO program.
Demonstrated fundamentalprinciples of large caliber railguns.
HV Gouging 1m launcher section
1st Gen 1991 2nd Gen 1993
Lightweight, cantilevered gun with integrated muzzle shunt &active cooling. Launcher life of 200 rounds.
Component level tests enable extendedlauncher life and reduced size and weight.Muzzle shunts reduce launch signature andimprove efficiency.
3rd Gen 1994
PreviousGenerationSubsystem
Builds
State-of-the-artcomponent
testing
State-of-the-artsubsystem
design
STO isbuilding state
of the artsubsystem
96/16/04
State of TechnologyIntegrated Launch Package (ILP)
Demonstrate full scale terminal ballistics of at least three designsto demonstrate capability to defeat BMP and complex heavy armor,and one multipurpose design.
Results of component testing formed the basis for currentprojectile designs which meet requirements of currentSTO program.
Demonstrated fundamentalprinciples of EM launch ofmonolithic rods to defeat heavyarmor.
Component level tests enabled novel, high-efficiency ILP and hypervelocity defeat ofother targets.
PreviousGenerationSubsystem
Builds
State-of-the-artcomponent
testing
State-of-the-artsubsystem
design
STO isbuilding state
of the artsubsystem
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TRADOC HQCapabilities Desired
HelicoptersUAVs
Air Defense(Outer Tier)Guided
40km slant
Lethality (Objectives)
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
LOS/BLOSUnguided+ Guided
16km
ArtilleryLAVsPersonnel
LAVPersonnel
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
Targets
NLOSUnguided +Guided
NLOSUnguided+ Guided
LOSUnguided
EngagementMode
40km(FCS)300km (UE)
12km2kmMax Range
Requirements derived from JROC approved FCS ORD, objective requirements; UE White Paper, & Air Defense Concept (Draft)
General Requirements� One Vehicle� 19 Ton / C-130 Envelope� 72 hour ops self
sustaining� Enhanced survivability
(reduction in secondaryexplosion hazard)
� Reduced logistics /increased stowed kills(elimination of propellantcharge)
Rockets &Artillery
Air Defense(Inner Tier)Guided
10km slant
116/16/04
EM Launch for Naval Surface Fire Support
In-Direct Fire200+ nm in 6 minutes
85 n
m
Hypervelocity Electromagnetic Launch (MACH 7.5) Ballistic
TrajectoryDifferential GPS GNC
• Deep Magazines• No Propellants• No Explosive Warheads• Reduced Ship Vulnerability• Simplified Logistics
Minimizes Susceptibility to GPS Jamming & Simplifies
Deconfliction
Low Cost Precision
Strike
Direct Fire Horizon in 6 seconds
Fixed Targetsat Long Range
(MACH 5.0+ Impact)
Relocatable Targets Low Latency
Area Targets Volume Fires
Above Sensible Atmosphere
• Long Range• Time Critical• Persistent • All Weather (24/7)• No UEX IssuesHelicopters
UAVs
Air Defense (Outer Tier)Guided
40km slant
Lethality (Objectives)
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
LOS/BLOSUnguided + Guided
16km
ArtilleryLAVsPersonnel
LAVPersonnel
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
Targets
NLOSUnguided + Guided
NLOSUnguided + Guided
LOSUnguided
Engagement Mode
40km(FCS)300km (UE)
12km2kmMax Range
General Requirements� One Vehicle� 19 Ton / C-130
Envelope� 72 hour ops self
sustaining� Enhanced
survivability (reduction in secondary explosion hazard)
� Reduced logistics / increased stowed kills (elimination of propellant charge)
Rockets & Artillery
Air Defense (Inner Tier)Guided
10km slant
HelicoptersUAVs
Air Defense (Outer Tier)Guided
40km slant
Lethality (Objectives)
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
LOS/BLOSUnguided + Guided
16km
ArtilleryLAVsPersonnel
LAVPersonnel
BuildingsBunkersLAVsTanksPersonnel
Targets
NLOSUnguided + Guided
NLOSUnguided + Guided
LOSUnguided
Engagement Mode
40km(FCS)300km (UE)
12km2kmMax Range
General Requirements� One Vehicle� 19 Ton / C-130
Envelope� 72 hour ops self
sustaining� Enhanced
survivability (reduction in secondary explosion hazard)
� Reduced logistics / increased stowed kills (elimination of propellant charge)
Rockets & Artillery
Air Defense (Inner Tier)Guided
10km slant
Evolutionary StrategyBalancing Technical Difficulty With Military Utilityand Growth Potential Over Time
Within State of the ArtWithin State of the Art
Near State of the ArtNear State of the Art
Beyond State of the ArtBeyond State of the Art
Well Beyond State of ArtWell Beyond State of Art
Launch Package: UnguidedPPS: 2-5MJ
Launch Package: GuidedPPS: < 10 MJ
Prime Power: Advanced Prime Power PackLaunch Package: Unguided & Guided
PPS: > 10 MJ
Launch Package: Guided Hypervelocity
PPS: >> 10 MJ
Army’s Evolutionary Strategy Starts Here
Launch Package: Guided.PPS: >> 10 MJ
Opportunities for Collaboration
• Information Exchange
• Enabling Technologies
• Test Facilities
Army Capabilities Desired
Diverse Mission Requirements
Special ASARC endorsed evolutionary strategy outlined here
126/16/04
Army ProgramFirst EM Technology Spiral
FY12FY11FY06 FY13FY10FY09FY08FY07FY05FY04
STO ATD
6.2 designs
ProposedSubsystemDesigns Subsystem
Models
A
2-5MJ, 5000 kg, uncooled, unruggedized
2-5MJ, 5000 kg,cooled,ruggedized
2-5MJ muzzle energy LOSEM Gun system
< 19 tonplatform firesburst,
Perforates BMP@ 2km
Multi-burstoperation
Full firing chain @ 2-5MJ.Single Shot Externally supplied
prime power
rectangular bore (60 – 90 mm equiv) fully cantilevered
unguided multipurpose & unguided KE rounds.unguided KE, terminal ballistics vs. tank @ > 10 MJ ME level
Burst firing chain. Integratedprime power. Lethality vs.BMPs, bunkers, buildings,personnel, and other.
SystemIntegration
RiskReduced
SubsystemThermal
Management RiskReduced
Energy Density RiskReduced
Launcher LifeRisk Reduced
Full Scale Lethalityvs Complex Targets
Risk Reduced
1 2 3 4 5S
Special ASARC
Full calibertests
IPRPOM 08
-
-
- ------19.419.318.96.3 ($M)
-
-
-----5.95.65.76.1 ($M)
-----4.95.15.16.2 ($M)
Special ASARC approved this ATD approach
136/16/04
Congressionally m
andatedM
OA
CooperativeMechanismWork FocusOrganization
UK lead in test of launchers and launch packages atKirkcudbright. Full caliber novel penetratorfunctionality test FY05/FY06 –use their test facility atno cost to US.
Heavy metal penetrators.
Power conditioning, power management, switching,energy storage. Rail materials.
Coil Guns. Capacitor based pulsed power.
Proposed EM Tactical Mortar Program.
Monitor technology development efforts via ONR &Marine Corps Warfighting Lab. Participate in Armyreviews.
EM launch for Naval Surface Fire SupportRequirements – Parallel Navy technology programFY04-09.
PA DOD-MOD-A-01-0087United Kingdom
MIPR from ARDECDOE - Pacific NorthwestNational Labs
MIPR from ARDECDOE – Oak RidgeNational Labs
MIPR(s) from DARPADOE – Sandia NationalLabs
DARPA
USMC
US Navy – ONR andNAVSEA
Collaboration Opportunities
146/16/04
Summary
� EM Gun is a technology opportunity that couldrevolutionize firepower.
� Technical barriers are falling and elements ofstrategic environment are converging.
� STO initiated to demonstrate meaningfultechnical progress at subsystem level.
� Follow-on ATD and long term evolutionaryapproach approved, providing program focusand stability.
156/16/04
Thank You