arizona invasive species management plan adopted by … · 2016-07-14 · s. 1870). two recent...

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Inside This Issue President’s Message .......... 2 ARC Activities .............. 6 Species Profile .............. 7 Noteworthy Publications ...... 9 Calendar .................. 12 Volume 21, No. 3 October 2008 ARIZONA INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT PLAN ADOPTED BY GOVERNOR NAPOLITANO by Tom McMahon, Arizona Game and Fish Department; Brian McGrew, Arizona Department of Agriculture; and Larry Riley, Arizona Game and Fish Department D uring July, Governor Napolitano gave us something we hadn't exactly had in the past – a unified approach to address invasive species in Arizona. With her interest in invasive species growing, and her con- cern piqued by notable events like the Cave Creek Complex Fire and the arrival of quagga mussels in the southwest, Governor Napolitano set out a road map to develop a unified state approach to this prickly and sometimes controversial issue. Culminating the work across a number of years, the Governor put her stamp of approval on a strategic manage- ment plan submitted to her by the Arizona Invasive Species Council at the end of June. The plan, and many of the work products that led up to finaliza- tion of the plan, is posted on the Governors web site at <http://www.governor.state. az.us/AIS/>. To say that Arizona did not have approaches to invasive species response and manage- ment would be false, but the Governor saw benefit in link- ing, broadening, and expanding upon those approaches. The goal was to build a partnership in invasive species management that crosses programs, jurisdic- tions, and boundaries and foster leadership from the state of Arizona in invasive species management. To accomplish this, state agencies would need to be linked together at the hip and partnerships with federal, tribal, and local jurisdictions would need to be formed. Stakeholders, both from the private sector and the public sector would need a forum for joining forces strategic- ally, and eventually logistic- ally. We can't say that these goals have fully flowered as yet, but they are starting to germinate. The concept of an Arizona Invasive Species Management Plan didn't take root spontan- eously. It was a long road to get to the plan. The initial concept development grew out of a coordination meeting between the Arizona Game and Fish Department and The Nature Conservancy in 2003. The idea was to bring a small group of individuals together to develop a strawman proposal for a Council. Working among the Game and Fish Department, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of Transporta- tion, with the able facilitation of John Hall of The Nature Con- servancy, a concept was developed to share with the Governor's Office. With a little nurturing, that grew in to Executive Order 2005-09 that was signed by Governor Napolitano on April 1, 2005 (no Invasive ........ Cont. pg. 3

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Page 1: ARIZONA INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT PLAN ADOPTED BY … · 2016-07-14 · S. 1870). Two recent Supreme Court decisions (Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps

Inside This IssuePresident’s Message . . . . . . . . . . 2ARC Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Species Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Noteworthy Publications . . . . . . 9Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Volume 21, No. 3 October 2008

ARIZONA INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT PLAN ADOPTED BY GOVERNOR NAPOLITANOby Tom McMahon, Arizona Game and Fish Department; Brian McGrew, Arizona Department of Agriculture; andLarry Riley, Arizona Game and Fish Department

During July, GovernorNapolitano gave ussomething we hadn't

exactly had in the past – aunified approach to addressinvasive species in Arizona.With her interest in invasivespecies growing, and her con-cern piqued by notable eventslike the Cave Creek ComplexFire and the arrival of quaggamussels in the southwest,Governor Napolitano set out aroad map to develop a unifiedstate approach to this pricklyand sometimes controversialissue. Culminating the workacross a number of years, theGovernor put her stamp ofapproval on a strategic manage-ment plan submitted to her bythe Arizona Invasive SpeciesCouncil at the end of June. Theplan, and many of the workproducts that led up to finaliza-tion of the plan, is posted on theGovernors web site at<http://www.governor.state.az.us/AIS/>.

To say that Arizona did nothave approaches to invasivespecies response and manage-ment would be false, but theGovernor saw benefit in link-ing, broadening, and expandingupon those approaches. Thegoal was to build a partnershipin invasive species management

that crosses programs, jurisdic-tions, and boundaries and fosterleadership from the state ofArizona in invasive speciesmanagement. To accomplishthis, state agencies would needto be linked together at the hipand partnerships with federal,tribal, and local jurisdictionswould need to be formed.Stakeholders, both from theprivate sector and the publicsector would need a forumfor joining forces strategic-ally, and eventually logistic-ally. We can't say that thesegoals have fully flowered asyet, but they are starting togerminate.

The concept of an ArizonaInvasive Species ManagementPlan didn't take root spontan-eously. It was a long road to getto the plan. The initial conceptdevelopment grew out of acoordination meeting betweenthe Arizona Game and FishDepartment and The NatureConservancy in 2003. The ideawas to bring a small group ofindividuals together to developa strawman proposal for aCouncil. Working among theGame and Fish Department, theDepartment of Agriculture, andthe Department of Transporta-tion, with the able facilitation ofJohn Hall of The Nature Con-servancy, a concept wasdeveloped to share with theGovernor's Office. With a littlenurturing, that grew in toExecutive Order 2005-09 thatwas signed by GovernorNapolitano on April 1, 2005 (no

Invasive . . . . . . . . Cont. pg. 3

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The Arizona Riparian Council 2 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

Ican tell that it's fall. Thetemperatures are in the high90s, the vegetation is turning

that lighter shade of brown, andits time for the ArizonaRiparian Council's fall meeting! This year we had our fallcampout at the OX and DateCreek Ranches on October 25and 26. These ranches arelocated less than an hournorthwest of Wickenburg. Amap showing the campoutlocation is on the ARC website. We started around 1:00 andtalked about the two ranches;how they manage livestockwhile maintaining and evenenhancing the riparian area. Wewill also talked about themanagement of beavers in thisarea. Both ranches have con-ducted riparian restorationprojects that we discussed andsaw on our hike.

Tom Hildebrandt and MattPeirce, both from ArizonaGame and Fish Department, ledour hike and discussed theRSRA assessment techniqueand the restoration efforts forthe ranches, respectively.

There are a few topics thatare gaining attention on thenational scene. Congress islooking at reforming the 35-year-old Clean Water Act andhas proposed the Clean WaterRestoration Act (H.R. 2421 andS. 1870). Two recent SupremeCourt decisions (Solid WasteAgency of Northern CookCounty v. U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers and Rapanos v. U.S.)have placed the policies of theClean Water Act into a quag-mire (intentional pun). Oneissue stems from the question ofnavigable waters. The CleanWater Restoration Act would

delete the word “navigable”from the Clean Water Act toclarify that the Act is princi-pally intended to protect thenation's waters from pollution,not just maintain navigability. It would address authority overthe nation's waters, includingsmaller waters and so-called“isolated” waters. In Arizona,perennial, intermittent, andephemeral streams are impor-tant for wildlife as sources forfood, habitat, and migrationcorridors to name a few. Thesesystems are also important forpeople for recreation, watersources, etc. ARC will keeptabs on the status of this newbill and the other challenges tothe existing Clean Water Act.

Fossil Creek is movingcloser to being designated asWild and Scenic. ARC, alongwith other environmentalorganizations, has beenworking with Arizona PublicService to get stream flowsrestored to this unique riversystem. When this river isdesignated, it will be only thesecond river in Arizona withsuch distinction. About 40miles of the Verde River flow-ing south from Beasley Flatsthrough the Mazatzal Wilder-ness was designated by Con-gress through the ArizonaWilderness Act in 1984. Wewill be following this designa-tion as it unfolds.

Right now our nation isgoing through a very toughtime regarding the economy.We all feel it whenever we gasup our vehicles or buygroceries. I am hopeful thatwildlife and their habitatscontinue to be valued and notput at risk for short term

economic gain. Arizona and theSouthwest have some the richestand most diverse forms ofwildlife and need water instreams to drink, insects inriparian trees to eat, and grass-lands to nest. A strugglingeconomic climate is not a timeto stop considering wildlife andtheir needs.

Diana Stuart, ARC VicePresident, has been organizingspeakers for our dinner speakerseries at the Sonoran Brew-house, 322 E. Camelback Rd.,Phoenix. These meetings havebeen well attended. So far wehave had speakers come in May,July, and September. November13th is our next dinner meeting.Our speaker will be Dr. JohnBrock, Professor Emeritus fromArizona State University. Dr.Brock will speak either on“Range Management forRiparian Health” or on hisrecent research work in China. Please join us for a livelydiscussion and good food. Weare also looking to have a dinnermeeting in Tucson in January. Ifyou have an idea please contactDiana.

Ron van Ommeron, BoardMember At Large has moved toColorado. The vacancy createdon the Board has been filled byRon Tiller. Thank you Ron vanOmmeren for all your help onthe ARC Board and welcomeaboard Ron Tiller!

Kris Randall, PresidentArizona Riparian Council

PS Remember to voteNovember 4th. Casting your voteis your right as an American andyour duty as a citizen.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 3 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

Invasive . . . Cont. From pg. 1

foolin’). That order assembledthe first 'Council,' the ArizonaInvasive Species AdvisoryCouncil (AISAC), alimited-lifetime body, andcharged it with developing areport to her a consensus vision,an Arizona definition of'invasive species' and the frame-work for a management plan.

Definitions can be bother-some things, but necessary.Defining what we meant by theterm 'invasive species' waspretty important to staying ontask. Borrowing liberally fromfederal definitions, AISACreached a consensus definitionthat it's:

A species that is (1) non-nativeto the ecosystem under consid-eration and, (2) whose intro-duction causes or is likely tocause economic or environmen-tal harm, or harm to humanhealth.

The AISAC recognized thatthis definition is pretty broadand open to even broader inter-pretation. They provided theproviso that it was not intended

to be a regulatory definition,but was intended to providecounsel and guidance to Stateagencies and subdivisions ofthe State, the public, and ourpartners. Processes that aresupported by statutoryauthority, like the ArizonaNoxious Weed List andRestricted Live Wildlife Listare the tools for regulatoryrestrictions. The AISAC recog-nized that not all non-nativespecies are invasive and manyhave notable value to thepeople of Arizona. And, while

some native species can behavein an invasive manner, theywere not the intended subject ofthis definition.

The Governor cogitatedover the merits of the report andadopted it, setting the next setof milestones in her roadmap.Executive Order 2007-07established a new Council andcharged it with development ofa 'strategic' management planfor invasive species using theframework recommended in theinitial report.

The framework for the planrevolves around four basicconcepts:

1. Leadership and Coordina-tion,

2. Research and InformationManagement,

3. Anticipation and Outreach,and

4. Control and Management.

These concepts were thefodder for 'working groups' ofAISAC members, collaboratingwith others, as focal areas forobjectives that the state has setfor itself. These are really theorganizing principles in theplan that the Governorapproved. Oh, and there is a

Crayfish - Photo by George Andrejko, Arizona Game and Fish Department.

Zebra mussels. Photo courtesy of Larry Riley, Arizona Game and Fish Department.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 4 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

fifth concept, and withoutquestion the most difficult,funding. The plan emergedduring difficult financial times,not particularly conducive toinvestment. But the plan doesbroach the subject of financialneed and offers someapproaches for the state to pur-sue financing for this effort.

The AISAC broughttogether state leaders andstakeholders to address theinvasive species issue. TheAISAC is under the joint lead-ership of the Arizona Game andFish Department and theArizona Department of Agri-culture, and sought to bringtogether fairly diverse repre-sentation. The AISAC waslimited in size, as all suchthings must be. But the AISACdoesn’t intend to exclude part-ners or stakeholders. An agree-ment has been developedthrough the AISAC that willinitially link core state agenciestogether on this issue, but isintended to extend its reach toinvite broader federal, tribal,local, and stakeholder participa-tion and involvement in imple-mentation of the plan. TheAISAC and its working groupslive on as we move intoimplementation.

We’re challenged toimplement this plan. It’s notperfect, and if you read it withan eye for specific tacticalresponses to your “mostdespised invader” or the“invader de jour,” you might bedisappointed. The plan isintended to strategic in nature,helping us build and refinesystems that will assist the stateto prevent unwanted“hitchhikers”; managescientific, technical, andoccurrence information andshare it; reach out to the publicto inform and stimulate action;and establish networks of

people that can work acrossjurisdictions and boundaries oninvasive species issues that theyhold in common. The first stepin this is assembling a virtual“Center for Invasive Species.”Perhaps difficult to conceptua-lize, the Center isn’t really abuilding or an office but apartnership in providing ser-vice. The Center is envisionedas an alliance among theDepartment of Agriculture, theGame and Fish Department,and the Arizona CooperativeExtension Service (Universityof Arizona). There is muchwork to be done to get thisvirtual Center off the ground —but all such tings have to startwith a germinal idea.

We know that the issue ofinvasive species links directlyto other issues that are keen inthe heart of the Governor —Growth, Forest Health, andClimate Change. Invasivespecies can be a stressor in-and-of-themselves, and at the sametime the probability ofestablishment or expansion ofan unwanted visitor may befacilitated by other stressors.Among the challenges that theAISAC and the plan will haveto address is how we make surethat the invasive speciesinitiative stays linked with otherinterrelated initiatives likeForest Health, Smart Growth,and Climate.

We hope that the ArizonaRiparian Council and itsmembers will stay plugged intothe AISAC, this plan, and itsimplementation. There’s roomfor lots of partnerships andcollaboration in getting thiseffort on its feet. AISACmeetings will be a little lessfrequent than they were duringplan development, but theAISAC’s working groups willbe moving into higher gear overthe next few months. AISAC

meetings and working groupmeetings are publicly noticedand open to attendance. TheAISAC’s working groups areless formal and always haveroom for advisors.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 5 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

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The Arizona Riparian Council 6 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

ARIZONA RIPARIAN COUNCIL’S ACTIVITIES THIS YEARby Cindy D. Zisner

The Arizona RiparianCouncil has been veryactive this year attending

environmental education fairsand getting our Riparian StreamRapid Assessment (RSRA)Team effort off the ground. Forthose of you who are unfamiliarwith our activities here is whatwe’ve accomplished this year.

In March we were verybusy and exhibited our booth atthe BassPro Shop in Mesa, theTres Rios Nature Festival inAvondale, and the FeatheredFriends Festival in Gilbert.

This was closely followedby a Mesa School District,Science night at Powell JuniorHigh School in April. We alsohad our 22nd Annual Meeting inPrescott at the Hassayampa Inn,focusing on the Verde River.

May gave us a littlebreather but then in June westarted right up again. We wereable to send Kathleen Tuckerfor training on the RSRAtechnique. We also re-startedour dinner meetings with guest

speaker, Jessica Catlin from theArizona League of Conserva-tion Voters. Diana Stuart hasbeen responsible for startingthis every other month series. Ifthere is a speaker you think wewould enjoy hearing pleasecontact her([email protected]). Wewould also like to have thesetalks in Flagstaff and Tucsonand not be restricted to thePhoenix area.

The RSRA team success-fully conducted its first fullriparian assessment on July 16on a reach of the Agua FriaRiver downstream of theHorseshoe Ranch near BloodyBasin Road. The RSRA outingson the Monument are a jointeffort of the Arizona RiparianCouncil, Friends of the AguaFria National Monument, andAudubon Arizona. We also hada dinner meeting in July withRay Schweinsburg, PhD,Arizona Game and FishDepartment and SiobhanNordhaugen from Arizona

Department of Transportation,discussing The WildlifeCorridor Linkages Project.

In August the RSRA Teamwent to Sycamore Creek, whichis designated by Audubon as anImportant Birding Area. Sep-tember brought us anotherdinner meeting, with Dr. PaulHirt, Department of History,Arizona State Universityspeaking on water supply issuesfor Phoenix. We presented ourbooth at the Arizona ScienceTeachers Association Confer-ence in Mesa and at VerdeRiver Days in Cottonwood.

In October we had our fallmeeting. This year we visitedDate Creek and saw somerestoration efforts by the OXRanch and Date Creek Ranch.The RSRA Team also did anassessment of Date Creek andpresented it at the meeting.

In November we will beexhibiting the booth at Cultureand the Global Water Crisisseminar at Pilgrim Rest BaptistChurch, Phoenix and will haveanother dinner meeting featur-ing Dr. John Brock, EmeritusProfessor, Department ofApplied Biological Sciences,Arizona State University.

We are currently in theplanning phase for the springmeeting. Also if any one isinterested in helping the RSRATeam contact Tom Hildebrandtat [email protected].

Verde River Days.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 7 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

SPECIES PROFILE

GREAT BLUE HERON (ARDEA HERODIAS)by Carol Birks, Arizona Department of Water Resources

The Great Blue Heron is awater bird and may seemout of place in the desert

but is actually quite commonaround permanent water here. Itis easy to recognize both on theground and in flight because ofits size, distinctive silhouetteand characteristic behaviors.

It is a large bird, weighingfour to five pounds andstanding four feet tall with awing span of over seven feet. Ithas a grey body, long neck,long legs and a large daggershaped bill. The white head hasa dark eye stripe and darkfeathers protrude from the backof the head. It is visible onshore standing tall and walkingaround the water's edge. Inflight the bird folds its longneck into an S, holding it closeto its body. The long legs trailbehind the body under the tailand wings beat in slow swoops.These behaviors make the birdmore aerodynamic and easilyrecognized in the air.

Great Blue Herons arefound along lakes, rivers,permanent streams, marshes,impoundments, stock tanks andeven canals. They buildindividual nests along thewater's edge in the upper levelsof deciduous trees thoughfrequently many nests aregrouped together in coloniescalled rookeries. Somerookeries may even containseveral bird species. Nests arelarge, flat and made ofinterwoven sticks and linedwith twigs, leaves and pineneedles. Eggs are pale bluish

green and usually number threeto five but herons can have upto seven. Clutch size mayincrease with latitude. Bothparents incubate and take careof the young who leave the nestin 56 to 60 days.

Even though Great BlueHerons nest in groups, theyforage alone and guard theirfishing territories. They prefersmall fish and aquatic inverte-brates but being opportuniststhey also eat frogs, lizards,small mammals, and evenhuman food scraps. They fishthroughout the day but likemost anglers prefer dawn anddusk. Herons use two methodsto catch food. They standmotionless in the water withtheir head moving back andforth patiently watching forfood to swim by or they stalktheir prey walking slowing and

carefully through shallowwater without creating ripplesto alert inattentive animals. Ineither case when opportunitystrikes the bird quickly bendsdown and grabs the prey out ofthe water, raises its head andswallows the food whole. It is afast, smooth move for such abig bird and fascinating towatch.

The Great Blue Heron is acommon bird throughout theUnited States and because ofits size it has few enemies.Unfortunately, they do nottolerate people well during thebreeding season and since theyoccupy prime desert real estate,land with permanent water,their numbers may eventuallydecline as more of that land isdeveloped or over used. How-ever, careful monitoring of thisvery visible riparian resident

Great Blue Heron. Photo courtesy of Eyal Shochat, Global Institute ofSustainability, Arizona State University.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 8 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

could serve as a measure ofhow well we are managing ourwater resources in the desert.

REFERENCESEhrlich, P., D. S. Dobkin, and

D. Wheye.1988,.TheBirders Handbook - A

Field Guide to the NaturalHistory of North AmericanBirds. Simon & SchusterInc.

Peterson, R. T. 1990, A FieldGuide to Western Birds, Houghton Mifflin Co., 3ndedition

Sharp, Jay, 2008, The ElegantGreat Blue Heron,

DesertUSA website,http://www.desertusa.com/mag07/june07/heron.html,accessed 4/2/2008

Great Blue Heron. Photo courtesy of Eyal Shochat, Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona StateUniversity.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 9 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

NOTEWORTHY PUBLICATIONSby Elizabeth Ridgely, One Green World, LLC

Munne, A., N. Prat, C. Sola,N. Bonada, and M. Riera-devall. 2003. A simplefield method for assessingthe ecological quality ofriparian habitat in riversand streams: QBR index.Aquatic Conservation13(2):147-163.

A riparian quality index thatis useful for the management ofstreams and rivers is evaluated.The index provides managerswith a simple method to assessriparian habitat quality. Theindex is easily calculated, and itcan be used together with anyother index of water quality toassess the ecological status ofstreams and rivers.

The index is named QBR,and it is based on four com-ponents of riparian habitat: totalriparian vegetation cover, coverstructure, cover quality andchannel alterations. It also takesinto account differences in thegeomorphology of the riverfrom its headwaters to thelower reaches. These differ-ences are measured in a simple,quantitative way. The indexscore varies between 0 and 100points.

The development of theQBR index included trials infour Mediterranean streamcatchments in Catalonia (north-east Spain). Seventy-twosampling sites were assessedand results were used to test theindex. No taxonomic expertiseis needed to apply the index,although some knowledge oflocal flora is required to differ-entiate between native andnon-native tree species.

The results show that theQBR index may be used despiteregional differences in plantcommunities. In addition, thequality ranges obtained whenthe index is applied are notheavily influenced by observersat the same site. Presently, theindex is being used by differentresearch teams. It is being testedin a comparative study of 12watersheds along the Mediter-ranean Spanish coast. The QBRindex may be adapted for use inother geographical areas intemperate and semi-arid zoneswithout changes in the indexrationale.

Skagen, S. K., J. F. Kelly, C. Van Riper III, R. L. Hutto,D. M. Finch, D. J. Krue-per, and C. P. Melcher.2005. Geography of springlandbird migrationthrough riparian habitatsin southwestern NorthAmerica. The Condor107(2):212-227.

Riparian habitats, that aremigration stopping habitat, arevitally important to landbirdsacross the arid southwest ofNorth America. The effects ofspecies biogeography and habi-tat affinity on spring migrationpatterns were simulated usingexisting bird abundance andcapture data collected in ripar-ian habitats of the borderlandsbetween the U.S. and Mexico.The importance of the geo-graphic factors longitude andlatitude was determined inexplaining variation in abun-dances and capture rates of 32

long-distance and three short-distance migrant species.

It was found that abun-dances and capture rates of 13and 11 species increased withincreasing longitude. In con-trast, four species' abundanceand capture rates decreasedwith increasing longitude.Riparian associates, but notnonriparian species, were moreabundant in western sites.Their abundance patterns wereslightly influenced by speciesbiogeography (geographic dis-tribution). Biogeography didinfluence abundance patternsof nonriparian birds. The datasuggess that the nonriparianbirds choose the shortest andmost direct route betweenwintering and breeding areas.

It was hypothesized thatriparian obligate birds (thosewith an affinity for riparianareas) may adjust their migra-tion routes to maximize timespent in high-quality riparianzones. However, they are ableto find suitable habitat whencrossing more difficult land-scapes. In contrast, the nonri-parian birds have a direct rela-tionship in which the migratoryroute is determined by biogeo-graphic constraints. Conserva-tion of riparian habitats is nec-essary to meet future habitatstopover requirements of manywestern Neotropical migrantbirds (those who travel north inthe spring to breed and returnin the fall to the warmer clim-ates in tropical regions). Fur-ther research will determinefind patterns of distribution andhabitat use so that conservationactivities can be effectivelyfocused.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 10 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

Sogge, M., S. J. Sferra, and E.H. Paxton. 2008. Tamarixas habitat for birds:Implications for riparianrestoration in the south-western United States.Restoration Ecology16(1):146-154.

Exotic vegetation hasbecome a major habitat com-ponent in many ecosystemsaround the world, sometimesdramatically changing thevegetation community structureand composition. In the south-western United States, riparianecosystems are undergoingmajor changes in part due to theestablishment and spread of theexotic Tamarix (saltcedar,tamarisk). There are concernsabout the suitability of Tamarixas habitat for birds. AlthoughTamarix habitats tend tosupport fewer species andindividuals than native habitats,Arizona Breeding Bird Atlasdata and Birds of NorthAmerica accounts show that 49species use Tamarix asbreeding habitat. Importantly,the relative use of Tamarix andits quality as habitat varysubstantially by geographiclocation and bird species. Fewstudies have examined howbreeding in Tamarix actuallyaffects bird survivorship andproductivity: recent research onSouthwestern WillowFlycatchers (Empidoniax trailliiextimus) has found no negativeeffects from breeding inTamarix habitats. Therefore,the ecological benefits andcosts of Tamarix control aredifficult to predict and arelikely to be species specific andsite specific. Given the likeli-hood that high-quality nativeriparian vegetation will notdevelop at all Tamarix controlsites, restoration projects thatremove Tamarix but do not

assure replacement by high-quality native habitat have thepotential to reduce the netriparian habitat value for somelocal or regional bird popula-tions. Therefore, an assessmentof potential negative impacts isimportant in deciding if exoticcontrol should be conducted. Inaddition, measurable projectobjectives, appropriate controland restoration techniques, androbust monitoring are all criticalto effective restoration planningand execution.

Editor’s Note: This article discussed man-

agement implications in con-trolling Tamarix. One techniquethat is currently being used inthe Southwest is the use ofbiocontrol insects such as thesaltcedar leaf beetle, Diorhabdaelongata. Original evaluationsthat were done prior to therelease of the beetle stated thatthe insect would not overwinteror establish south of the 38th

parallel. The beetles wereobserved in St. George, Utah,this summer and are likely to bein Arizona. It is unknown whatthis may mean for Tamarixareas along many of our streamssuch as the Colorado and theVerde. Federal agencies areinitiating discussions on whatthe step(s) should be.

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The Arizona Riparian Council 11 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

The Arizona Riparian Council (ARC) wasformed in 1986 as a result of the increasingconcern over the alarming rate of loss ofArizona’s riparian areas. It is estimated that<10% of Arizona’s original riparian acreageremains in its natural form. These habitats areconsidered Arizona’s most rare naturalcommunities.

The purpose of the Council is to provide forthe exchange of information on the status,protection, and management of riparian systemsin Arizona. The term “riparian” is intended toinclude vegetation, habitats, or ecosystems thatare associated with bodies of water (streams orlakes) or are dependent on the existence ofperennial or ephemeral surface or subsurfacewater drainage. Any person or organizationinterested in the management, protection, orscientific study of riparian systems, or somerelated phase of riparian conservation is eligiblefor membership. Annual dues (January-December) are $20. Additional contributions aregratefully accepted.

This newsletter is published three times ayear to communicate current events, issues,problems, and progress involving ripariansystems, to inform members about Councilbusiness, and to provide a forum for you toexpress your views or news about ripariantopics. The next issue will be mailed inSeptember, the deadline for submittal of articlesis December15, 2008. Please call or write withsuggestions, publications for review, announce-ments, articles, and/or illustrations.

Cindy D. ZisnerArizona Riparian Council

Global Institute of SustainabilityArizona State University

PO Box 875402Tempe AZ 85287-5402

(480) 965-2490; FAX (480) [email protected]

web site: http://azriparian.org

The Arizona Riparian Council

OfficersKris Randall, President (602) 242-0210 X250

[email protected] Stuart, Vice President (602) 506-4766

(602) 525.3151 (Cell)[email protected]

Cindy Zisner, Secretary . . . (480) [email protected]

Cory Helton, Treasurer . . . (928) [email protected]

At-Large Board MembersNicole Brown . . . . . . . . . . . (602) 789-3609

[email protected] Lovely . . . . . . . . . . . (928) 310-6665

[email protected] Tiller . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]

Committee ChairsActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vacant

ConservationTim Flood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected] Werner . . . . . . . . . . . . . (602) 771-8412

[email protected] Zisner . . . . . . . . . . . (480) 965-2490

PolicyKris Randall . . . . . . . (602) 242-0210 X250

[email protected]

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The Arizona Riparian Council 12 2008 Vol. 21 No. 3

CALENDAR

Arizona Riparian Council Board Meetings. The Board of Directors holds monthlymeetings the third Wednesday of each month and all members are encouraged toparticipate. Please contact Cindy Zisner at (480) 965-2490 or [email protected] fortime and location.

Arizona Riparian Council Dinner Meetings. Meetings with guest lecturer and dinnerat the Sonora Brewhouse, Phoenix. Contact Diana Stuart (602) 506-4766 [email protected] about upcoming events.

Nov. 13, 2008: John Brock: Professor Emeritus, Arizona State UniversityJan 22, 2009: (Speaker TBD - Probably in Tucson)

BT5 1005Arizona Riparian Council Global Institute of SustainabilityArizona State UniversityPO Box 875402Tempe, AZ 85287-5402

Printed on recycled paper