Arithmetic in Pascal (2)

Arithmetic Functions

Arithmetic Functions Perform arithmetic calculations Gives an argument to the function

and it returns the result

Some Arithmetic Functions

Pascal function

Argument type

Function type

sqr(x) integer or real

same as argument

sqrt(x) integer or real

real

sin(x) integer or real

real

cos(x) integer or real

real

ln(x) integer or real

real

exp(x) integer or real

real

Some Arithmetic Functions

Pascal function

Argument type

Function type

random(x)

integer integer

abs(x) integer or real

same as argument

round(x) real integer

trunc(x) real integer

sqr(x) Return the square of the argument The type of the result is the same

as the argument D := sqr(2)

D = 4

sqrt(x) Return the square root of the

argument The type of the result is always real The function type is real even when

the result is a rounded number D := sqrt(9)D = 3.0

sin(x) , cos(x) Return the sine and cosine of the

argument The type of the result is always real The argument should be in radians,

not degree Use Degree * Pi / 180 to calculate

the radians

ln(x) , exp(x) Return the value of ln and exp like

the same function in your calculator

The type of the result is always real

Xy := exp( y * ln(x) )

random(x) Return a random number between

0 and the argument – 1 The type of the result is integer Exception

When you use random with no argument, it returns a number of type real ranged from 0 to 1 (but not include 1)

random(x) (cont.)

Try to write a program to generate three random number

Run the program for a few times Something strange !! Try to add a line randomize; before

using random(x) This procedure randomize the

random number generator

abs(x) Return the absolute value (positive

value) of the argument The type of the result is the same

as the type of input argument

round(x) Return the value of the argument

rounded to the nearest integer The type of the result is always

integer round(10.5) = 11 round(10.4) = 10 round(-10.5) = -11 round(-10.4) = -10

trunc(x) Return the value of the argument

rounded to the nearest integer towards zero

Or we could say everything after the decimal point is truncated

trunc(10.9) = 10 trunc(-10.9) = 10