aristotle, and plato on edu

7/31/2019 Aristotle, And Plato on EDU

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Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle on EDU 10/13/2011 9:33:00 AM

Socrates:

General Philosophy:i. Socrates thought that the study of philosophy should be focused on politics and

ethics.

ii. Human reason over theological directivesiii. Actions are based off a desire for happinessiv. The highest form of knowledge is self knowledge.v. Believed that the best form of government was an individual who possessed the

most knowledge and virtue

Teaching method:i. Problem centered: The dialect begins with analyzing and understand the

problem

ii. Student responds based on their own experienceiii. The student has to think critically and assume responsibility for what they say.iv. The teacher doesnt state answers; they draw the students to a probable answerv. Students learn when they discover the true generalization through his reasoning

process.

Purpose of Education:i. A man is wiser when they are self-educated

ii. The acquisition of knowledge makes a man more virtuous and happy.iii. People should develop their critical thinking skills through their own reasoning

process.

Plato:

Plato believed that the elites should have been the ones to receive a formal education.He also thought that the purpose of education was to serve a role in society. (civil

servants, warriors, workers, rulers)

Plato believed that all boys and girls would be educated together till they were 18 inmathematics, literature, poetry, and music.

Plato believed that the youth should have undergone a military training after 18 todetermine who were the best to receive the education of the future guardians.

From the age of 20-25 they would be given a higher education to prepare them forruling the state. At the age of thirty, they would begin to learn philosophy. And at

thirty-five they would have a taken on an administrative position.


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Aristotle:

A person could become more virtuous only through education. The purpose of education is to produce a good man. 2. EDUCATION OF WOMEN. Women were considered inferior to men. The

nature of women suggested that their proper function was fulfilled exclusively in the

home. Women would not be educated with men. They would receive training in

gymnastics and domestic arts to enable them to manage households, to bear and raise

children, and to please and be obedient to their husbands.

3. EDUCATION OF MEN. Since citizenship would extend only to the aristocracy,which included rulers, soldiers, and priests, education would be given exclusively to

this group. The farmer, laborer, merchant, and slave would be trained in whatever

specific skills were required of them. Training in industrial arts or vocational skills is

not education. Education is that which liberates man, enabling him to live his leisured

existence according to his full potentialities. Education is therefore a practical means

to the end of achieving the acme of man's nature.

4. THE CONTENT OF EDUCATION. Education must not serve any mean orvocational activity. These activities are the functions of slaves. The subject material

must train the future rulers in the use of reason. Future rulers must learn obedience

and responsibility before they rule. We may infer from the curriculum of the

Academy that the following subjects would be taught:

a. Basics. These would include reading, writing and mathematics (not for purposes oftrade, but as a preparation for the intellectual abstractions of higher mathematics).

b. Natural Sciences. Aristotle emphasized the natural sciences of astronomy,biology, physiology, zoology, chemistry and physics.

c. Physical Education. The training of the body is important to the physical well-

being of every citizen.

d. Humanities. Rhetoric, grammar, poetry, politics and philosophy would beimportant subjects. During the early education of the child, Aristotle would have the

state legislature censor the material which would be read by children.

5. THE METHOD OF EDUCATION. Aristotle placed habit high in the learningprocess. Man learns by nature, by habit, and by reason. Consequently, the teacher

would organize materials according to the laws of reason. Repetitive drill would be

used to reinforce what was understood by reason.an elementary knowledge of reading


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and writing. Arithmetic was never developed to a sophisticated extent because of the

awkward method of writing numerals.

Similarities and Differences:

1) They lived around the time of the Peloponnesian war (Sparta vs. Athens)

2) Socrates served on the side of Athens.

3)Plato witnessed the chaos that existed in the leadership. SO he became

critical about democracy

4)


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aristotle, and plato on edu

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