area image sensor

8/7/2019 Area image Sensor

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A High SensitiveMOS photo-

transistor forarea image

sensor

Project Members: Project Guide:K.Vamsee Krishna (07J11A0420) Sasikala

Nelesh Jain (07J11A0438) Asst.Prof

P.Sharat Chandra (07J11A0459) Dept. of E.C.E, Hi-Tech College


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Abstract

Create an IMAGE SCANNERusing a phototransistor arrayto detect light intensity.

Array of phototransistors are

attached to an X-Y plotter sothat they could scan a largearea.


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Transmits all data toLab-View for processing.

Creates a digitized signalthat the scanner storesinto memory to create animage.


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BLOCKDIAGRAM


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Circuit Explanation

Hardware Specifications

AT Mega 644

Photo-transistors array

Steppers Motors

ULN 2003 (Driver ICs)

LM 7805UART (RS-232)

Power Supply


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Software Specifications

KI-CAD

Designing schematics

Printed circuit boards (PCB).

AVR STUDIO

Simulation

In-circuit Emulation

LAB-VIEW

Image Processing


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PCB Design Steps1> Open KI-CAD Software.


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2> Click on Schematic Editor Draw theSchematic of the circuit.


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3>Generate the Netlist.


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4>Click on CVpcb and select thecomponents from the list.


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5>Appropriate components can beselected by using their 3D View.


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6>Click on PCB Editor and insert generatednetlist and arrange components properly.


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Generate the Gerber files and printoutof which is pasted on Copper board.

Later etching process of this boarddone by placing it in FeCl2 (soln) forremoval of Copper around the tracks.

Then holes are drilled andcomponents are placed over them.

Using a soldering Gun all thecomponents are soldered on to theboard.

This makes it a complete PCB.


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3D View of Final PCB


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Software Coding Steps

AVR Studio 4 is an IntegratedDevelopment Environment fordebugging AVR software.

The AVR Studio allows chipsimulation and in-circuitemulation for the AVR family ofmicrocontrollers.


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1>Load the complier required for codeby opening it.


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2>Device and debugging platform mustbe specified.


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3>The IDE has several windows thatprovide important information to the

user.


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4>Workspace window shown hasimportant information about the

microcontroller.


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5>Output window provides feedback tothe user. This includes messages about

the microcontroller, object file, etc.


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6>Source Code Simulation Controls

IDE Toolbar

Yellow arrowshown points

to the nextinstruction tobe executed.


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// Simple code turn on LEDs//

#include

int main(void)

{

// Set Port B pins as all outputsDDRB = 0xff;

// Set all Port B pins as HIGH

PORTB = 0xff;return 1;

}


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Compile the code

"Build -> Build" from the menu.

Now debug the code in the simulator

Use "Build -> Build and RUN" fromthe menu.

Step through the program line by linewith "STEP INTO (F11)" button.

Step again and notice that PORTB

becomes set to 0xff (all logical 1output) when "PORTB = 0xff" isexecuted.


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LabVIEW is a platform anddevelopment environment fora visual programming language .

The purpose of such programmingis automating the usage of

processing and measuringequipment in any laboratorysetup.


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The programming language usedin LabVIEW, also referred to as G,is a dataflowprogramming language.

Execution is determined by thestructure of a graphical block

diagram on which theprogrammer connects differentfunction-nodes by drawing wires.


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Using an array of phototransistorslight signal is detected .

Using 2 stepper motors we move

this array to scan the whole area.Simultaneously signal is captured

by the Mega644 A/D converter .

Then transmitted to Lab Viewusing a serial connection.

Procedure


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Scope

Electrical design schematics.

Soldering ULN2003 circuits andPhototransistor array circuits.

Soldered Custom PCB.

Building mechanical part.

Writing motor control, A/D converter andserial connection program.

Writing image process code.

Debugged program.

Interfacing NI-LabView.


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Practical Applications

Main aim of our project is to scanimage completely row by row

and detect any if error in it.

It could also be used in any other

applications which requiresimage precision.


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area image sensor

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