are we satisfied with the physics behind the co2 greenhouse effect ? greenhouse theory and...
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Are we satisfied with the physics behind the CO2 greenhouse effect ?
· Greenhouse theory and radiative forcing· Radiative power balance and “global temperature”· Atmospheric equilibrium · Greenhouse theory paradoxes
R. Koch
EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
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The greenhouse effect, a well-known mechanism
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
The gardener’s greenhouse
Solar light (visible)
Ground heats up and radiate IR
Glass
IR is blocked by glass
and radiated back and radiated back (SIR W/m2)
much more
Radiative forcing
and out
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Main references
Marko et al. ‘Climat: 15 vérités qui dérangent’ Texquis (2013) Berger A., ‘Le climat de la terre. Un passé pour quel avenir?’ De Boeck
Université (1992) Postma J.E., (2011) ‘Understanding the Thermodynamic Atmosphere
Effect’, http://www.ilovemycarbondioxide.com/pdf/Understanding_the_Atmosphere_Effect.pdf
Gerlich G., Tscheuschner R.D., ‘Falsification Of The Atmospheric CO2 Greenhouse Effects Within The Frame Of Physics’, (2009) arXiv:0707.1161v4.
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
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Greenhouse theory history
Greenhouse theory goes back to Arrhenius (1896) but was disputed at the time and abandoned
Was revived starting 1938-1940 in discussions investigating the effect of CO2 on climate
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
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Greenhouse experiment 1909 (*)
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
(*) R.W. Wood Philosophical magazine 19 (1909) 319-320.
Glass NaCl
T increases slightly faster
Conclusion: increase in T is due to trapping of air and suppression of convective cooling (same as in PC with broken fan) rather than blocking of IR escape
Experiment repeated + discussions on internet: http://www.drroyspencer.com/2013/08/revisiting-woods-1909-greenhouse-box-experiment-part-i/
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The radiative sun-earth balance
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Power radiated by the sun deposited on the earth surface:
Power radiated by the earth
Balance p= 4
24 2
2(1 )s
s s e ese
RP T R
d
4 2; 1, 2 or 4e e eP T p R p
255K 18 Ce s eP P T
Te is the “radiative” temperature of the earth
Agrees with the radiated spectrum measured by satellite
Everybody agrees, but ground temperature 15°C
4 2240 W/mT
4 2390 W/mT
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Greenhouse theory: the IR is absorbed by gases and re-radiated, partly to ground
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
CO2 radiative forcing F[W/m2]=-6.3 ln(C/C0)
Thermodynamic paradox:
A colder body
Heats a hotter one
Alternative: heated gas moves up
Does not come out of basic physics principles:Maxwell’s equations+ fluid mechanics
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Radiation temperature is not surface temperature
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Power radiated normally on a flat disk of radius Rd
Power radiated by the disk
24 2
2(1 )(1 )s
s s d e ese
RP T R
d
4 2; 1d d dP T p R p
62 Ce s dP P T No need of re-radiated power to explain higher ground
temperatures
0.25e
Te = -18°C at 5 km altitude
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Radiation temperature is not air temperature
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Thermodynamic analysis: total internal energy of gas
At equilibrium (+ Cp nearly constant)
Ground temperature: +14.5°C
pU C T gh
6.5( 5) 18 [km, °C]p
dT gT h
dh C
Or from fluid theory:
0pC dT gdh
0 ; ; Bp p K p nk T g
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No need of greenhouse effect to explain large ground temperatures on Venus
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Same analysis but atmosphere at ground 92 times denser than on earth (pressure similar to 1 km deep in earth ocean)
Lapse rate similar to earth
Ground temperature 465°C
9( 50) 15 [km, °C]T h
Without invoking any greenhouse effect or including any “radiative forcing” into the equations
/ 9 [K/km]pg C
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A greenhouse paradox in a fridge
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
0°C
0°C Radiative forcing (SIR W/m2)
Melts
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A greenhouse paradox in a fridge
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
0°C
0°C Radiative forcing (SIR W/m2)
Melts Melts
Am I satisfied with the physics behind the CO2 greenhouse effect ?
No
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Extra slides
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
http://www.climate4you.com/
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Marko (2013)
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014
Marko (2013)
Koch - EPS Energy Group meeting Lisbon Nov. 2014